Biomass combustion device with uniform combustion

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biomass combustion device with uniform combustion, which comprises a combustion mechanism, a stirring mechanism, a blanking mechanism and a gas supply mechanism, and the combustion mechanism comprises a combustion furnace, a preheating chamber and a combustion chamber; a slag discharging opening is formed in the bottom of the combustion furnace; the preheating chamber is arranged in the combustion furnace, the lower part is provided with a through hole, and the bottom is provided with a feed opening; the top surface of the combustion chamber is fixedly connected with the lower part of the preheating chamber; the preheating chamber, the combustion chamber and the combustion furnace are provided with interlayers; feeding holes are formed in the upper parts of the preheating chamber and the combustion furnace; the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring motor, a rotating shaft and first stirring blades; the stirring motor is arranged on the top surface of the combustion furnace; the top end of the rotating shaft is connected with an output shaft of the motor; the first stirring blade is arranged in the combustion chamber and fixedly connected with the rotating shaft; the discharging mechanism comprises a baffle and an opening and closing plate, the baffle is of an arc-shaped plate structure, and the back face of the baffle is fixedly connected with the discharging opening. The opening and closing plate is of an arc-shaped plate structure, and the arc surface is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft; and the air supply mechanism is arranged in the interlayer. According to the utility model, the biomass fuel can be uniformly combusted, and the combustion effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of biomass treatment, and particularly relates to a biomass combustion device with uniform combustion. Background Technique

[0002] China is a large energy-consuming country, and the annual energy consumption increases at a rate of 6-7%. The energy problem is very serious. In recent years, although the development of renewable energy such as wind power and solar energy in China has been relatively rapid, in China's energy structure, the proportion of non-fossil energy and natural gas in energy consumption is only 9.8% and 5.8% respectively, while the proportion of coal consumption is still more than 70%. Over-reliance on fossil energy will have a serious impact on the sustainable development of our society and economy. Biomass energy is the only renewable resource that can be stored and transported at present, and its utilization and development are imminent. Forestry residues, crop straws and energy crops are three kinds of biomass energy with high development cost performance under the current technical conditions. Biomass, as an efficient clean energy, contains almost no sulfur and little nitrogen, and has less harm to the environment. According to statistics, the biomass produced on the earth every year is about 10 times the total world energy consumption, reaching 140-180 billion tons. As a renewable energy, biomass energy not only has huge reserves, but also in theory, the carbon conversion pressure on the environment caused by its use is close to zero.

[0003] The main utilization method of biomass is direct combustion, that is, using special and efficient combustion equipment such as boilers and stoves to directly burn biomass fuels to obtain biomass energy.

[0004] A new type of biomass combustion boiler is disclosed in a Chinese utility model patent (publication number: CN209371227U), which includes a combustion box, a pretreatment box and a conveying box. Two rotating columns are symmetrically arranged inside the pretreatment box. Cutting gears are fixedly sleeved on the outer surfaces of the rotating columns. The two sides of the rotating columns are rotationally connected to the inner wall of the pretreatment box through rolling bearings. The bottom of the pretreatment box is connected and communicated with a feed pipe, and the bottom of the feed pipe is connected and communicated with the top of one side of the conveying box. Two rollers are symmetrically arranged on both sides inside the conveying box. A conveyor belt is slidably sleeved on the outer surface of the roller. One end of the conveying box is connected and communicated with the side surface of one side of the combustion box. By setting cutting gears, a conveying box, a conveyor belt, a feed inclined plate, a vertical conveying pipe and a horizontal conveying pipe, the utility model solves the problems that the existing biomass combustion boiler cannot fully burn biomass, resulting in waste of biomass energy, and a large amount of dust will leak out when the existing biomass combustion boiler burns biomass. This technical solution directly sends the biomass fuel into the combustion box for combustion, but there is still a certain moisture content in the biomass fuel, and different moisture contents will cause uneven and insufficient combustion when directly burned, affecting the combustion effect. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide a biomass combustion device with uniform combustion to solve the technical problems raised in the above-mentioned background art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A biomass combustion device with uniform combustion includes a combustion mechanism, a stirring mechanism, a feeding mechanism, and a gas supply mechanism. The combustion mechanism includes a combustion furnace, a preheating chamber, and a combustion chamber. The combustion furnace is vertically arranged with a hollow interior and a slag discharge port at the bottom. The preheating chamber is vertically arranged inside the combustion furnace, with its top fixedly connected to the inner top of the combustion furnace, a through hole at the lower part, and a feeding port at the bottom. The combustion chamber is vertically arranged inside the combustion furnace, with openings at both the upper and lower ends, and the top surface of the combustion chamber is fixedly connected to the lower part of the preheating chamber. There is an interlayer between the outer side walls of the preheating chamber and the combustion chamber and the inner side wall of the combustion furnace. The preheating chamber and the upper part of the combustion furnace are correspondingly provided with feeding ports. The stirring mechanism includes a stirring motor, a rotating shaft, and a first stirring blade. The stirring motor is vertically arranged on the top surface of the combustion furnace with its output shaft facing downwards. The rotating shaft is vertically arranged, with its top fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, and its bottom extending downward through the feeding port of the preheating chamber and into the combustion chamber. The first stirring blade is arranged in the combustion chamber and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft respectively. The feeding mechanism includes a baffle and an opening and closing plate. The baffle is an arc-shaped plate structure, with its back fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the feeding port of the preheating chamber, and there is a gap between the arc surface and the rotating shaft. The opening and closing plate is an arc-shaped plate structure and is located below the baffle. The arc surface of the rotating plate is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the opening and closing plate can open or close the feeding port of the preheating chamber. The gas supply mechanism is arranged in the interlayer.

[0008] Further, it also includes a second stirring blade. The second stirring blade is arranged in the preheating chamber and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft.

[0009] Further, it also includes an upper smoke exhaust pipe and a lower smoke exhaust pipe. The upper smoke exhaust pipe and the lower smoke exhaust pipe are arranged on the side wall of the combustion furnace and are respectively communicated with the preheating chamber and the combustion chamber.

[0010] Further, the gas supply mechanism includes a main pipe, a ring pipe, a branch pipe, and an air outlet pipe. The ring pipe is sleeved on the lower part of the outer side wall of the combustion chamber and is located in the jacket. The main pipe is horizontally arranged, with one end communicated with the ring pipe and the other end passing through the combustion furnace and externally connected to a blower. The branch pipe is vertically arranged, with its bottom end communicated with the ring pipe and its top end extending upwards. The air outlet pipe is horizontally arranged, with one end communicated with the branch pipe and the other end passing through the outer side wall of the combustion chamber and entering the combustion chamber.

[0011] Further, three air outlet pipes are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction.

[0012] Further, an igniter is arranged in the combustion chamber.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present utility model compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0014] 1. By providing a preheating chamber, the present utility model can preheat and dry the biomass fuel before combustion, adjust the moisture content, so that the biomass fuel burns more evenly in the subsequent combustion chamber, and at the same time makes the combustion more complete, improving the combustion effect.

[0015] 2. By providing a stirring mechanism, the present utility model can stir and turn over the biomass fuel in both the preheating chamber and the combustion chamber, improving the preheating and combustion effects, and further improving the combustion uniformity of the biomass fuel.

[0016] 3. By providing a blanking mechanism, the opening and closing plate opens and closes the blanking port of the preheating chamber driven by the rotating shaft, thereby controlling the blanking speed of the biomass fuel, preventing excessive blanking from affecting the combustion effect in the combustion chamber, and at the same time being able to increase the residence time of the biomass fuel in the preheating chamber and improve the preheating effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic connection structure diagram of the preheating chamber and the stirring mechanism of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 is a schematic connection structure diagram of the combustion mechanism and the air supply mechanism of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 is a sectional view of the present utility model;

[0021] In the drawings, 1, combustion mechanism;

[0022] 11, combustion furnace; 111, slag discharge port; 12, preheating chamber; 121, through hole; 122, blanking port; 13, combustion chamber; 14, feeding port; 115, interlayer;

[0023] 2, stirring mechanism; 21, stirring motor; 22, rotating shaft; 23, first stirring blade; 24, second stirring blade;

[0024] 3, blanking mechanism; 31, baffle; 32, opening and closing plate;

[0025] 4, air supply mechanism; 41, main pipe; 42, annular pipe; 43, branch pipe; 44, air outlet pipe.

[0026] 5, upper smoke exhaust pipe; 6, lower smoke exhaust pipe; 7, igniter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more clear and understandable, the following provides preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings for a further detailed description of the present utility model. However, it should be noted that many details listed in the specification are only for enabling the reader to have a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present utility model, and these aspects of the present utility model can be implemented even without these specific details.

[0028] Such as Figures 1-4As shown in the figure, a biomass combustion device with uniform combustion includes a combustion mechanism 1, a stirring mechanism 2, a feeding mechanism 3, and a gas supply mechanism 4. The combustion mechanism 1 includes a combustion furnace 11, a preheating chamber 12, and a combustion chamber 13. The combustion furnace 11 is vertically arranged with a hollow interior and a slag discharge port 111 at the bottom. The preheating chamber 12 is vertically arranged inside the combustion furnace 11. The lower part of the preheating chamber 12 is of a conical structure, and its top is fixedly connected to the inner top of the preheating chamber 12. There is a through hole 121 in the lower part, and a feeding port 122 is opened at the bottom. The combustion chamber 13 is vertically arranged inside the combustion furnace 11 with openings at both the upper and lower ends. The top surface of the combustion chamber 13 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the preheating chamber 12. During the combustion process of the fuel, the hot flue gas moves upward and passes through the through hole 121 into the preheating chamber 12 to preheat the biomass fuel in the preheating chamber 12. There is a sandwich layer 115 between the outer side walls of the preheating chamber 12 and the combustion chamber 13 and the inner side wall of the combustion furnace 11. Corresponding feeding ports 14 are opened at the upper left parts of the preheating chamber 12 and the combustion furnace 11, and the feeding ports 14 can be connected to a screw feeder. The biomass fuel first enters the preheating chamber 12 from the feeding ports 14 and is preheated in the preheating chamber 12, thereby pre-drying the biomass fuel and improving the uniformity and combustion efficiency of subsequent combustion. Then it falls into the combustion chamber 13 from the feeding port 122 for combustion. The stirring mechanism 2 includes a stirring motor 21, a rotating shaft 22, and a first stirring blade 23. The stirring motor 21 is vertically arranged on the top surface of the combustion furnace 11 with its output shaft facing downward. The rotating shaft 22 is vertically arranged, and its top end is fixedly connected to the motor output shaft, and the bottom end extends downward out of the feeding port 122 of the preheating chamber 12 and enters the combustion chamber 13. The first stirring blade 23 is arranged in the combustion chamber 13 and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 22 respectively. By driving the first stirring blade 23 to rotate through the rotating shaft 22, the stirring blade stirs and turns the fuel during the combustion process, enabling the biomass fuel to burn fully. The feeding mechanism 3 includes a baffle 31 and a switching plate 32. The baffle 31 is of an arc-shaped plate structure, and its back surface is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the feeding port 122 of the preheating chamber 12, and there is a certain gap between the arc surface and the rotating shaft 22. The switching plate 32 is of an arc-shaped plate structure and is located below the baffle 31. The arc surface of the rotating plate is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 22. The rotating shaft 22 drives the switching plate 32 to rotate, enabling the switching plate 32 to open or close the feeding port 122 of the preheating chamber 12, controlling the feeding speed of the biomass fuel, preventing excessive feeding from affecting the combustion effect in the combustion chamber 13, and at the same time being able to increase the residence time of the biomass fuel in the preheating chamber 12 and improve the preheating effect. The gas supply mechanism 4 is arranged in the sandwich layer 115 for supplying oxygen.

[0029] It further includes a second stirring blade 24; the second stirring blade 24 is arranged in the preheating chamber 12 and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 22. Driving the second stirring blade 24 by the rotating shaft 22 can stir and turn the biomass fuel in the preheating chamber 12, improve the preheating effect, and prevent the feeding port 122 from being blocked.

[0030] It further includes an upper exhaust pipe 5 and a lower exhaust pipe 6; the upper exhaust pipe 5 and the lower exhaust pipe 6 are arranged on the side wall of the combustion furnace 11 and are respectively communicated with the preheating chamber 12 and the combustion chamber 13. The hot flue gas moves upward in the combustion chamber 13, a part of it is discharged from the lower exhaust pipe 6, and the other part enters the preheating chamber 12 and is discharged from the upper exhaust pipe 5.

[0031] The air supply mechanism 4 includes a main pipe 41, an annular pipe 42, a branch pipe 43, and an air outlet pipe 44. The annular pipe 42 is sleeved on the lower part of the outer side wall of the combustion chamber 13 and is located in the interlayer 115; the main pipe 41 is horizontally arranged, one end of which is communicated with the annular pipe 42, and the other end passes through the combustion furnace 11 and is externally connected to a blower; the branch pipe 43 is vertically arranged, the bottom end of which is communicated with the annular pipe 42, and the upper end extends upward; the air outlet pipe 44 is horizontally arranged, one end of which is communicated with the branch pipe 43, and the other end passes through the outer side wall of the combustion chamber 13 and enters the combustion chamber 13. The blower passes air into the main pipe 41 and passes the hot air into each branch pipe 43 through the annular pipe 42, and the hot air then enters the combustion chamber 13 from the air outlet pipe 44 to provide oxygen in the combustion chamber 13.

[0032] There are three air outlet pipes 44 arranged at intervals in the vertical direction.

[0033] An igniter 7 is arranged in the combustion chamber 13.

[0034] The working mode of the present utility model is as follows:

[0035] First, send the ignition material into the combustion chamber 13 and ignite the ignition material through the igniter 7. Send the biomass fuel into the preheating chamber 12 through the feeding port 14, and the biomass fuel is dried by the hot flue gas in the preheating chamber 12 to adjust the moisture content. Start the stirring motor 21, and the second stirring blade 24 stirs and turns the biomass fuel in the preheating chamber 12. At the same time, make the opening and closing plate 32 rotate, so that the opening and closing plate 32 continuously opens and closes the feeding port 122 of the preheating chamber 12, and intermittently drops the biomass fuel into the combustion chamber 13, so that the biomass fuel is burned. During the combustion process, the rotating shaft 22 drives the first stirring blade 23 to stir and turn the burning biomass fuel. Finally, discharge the burned ash from the slag discharge port 111.

[0036] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present utility model, several improvements and retouches can be made, and these improvements and retouches should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A biomass combustion device with uniform combustion, comprising a combustion mechanism, a stirring mechanism, a material dropping mechanism, and an air supply mechanism, characterized in that: The combustion mechanism comprises a combustion furnace, a preheating chamber and a combustion chamber; the combustion furnace is vertically arranged, its interior is hollow and a slag discharge port is provided at the bottom; the preheating chamber is vertically arranged inside the combustion furnace, its top is fixedly connected to the top of the inner side of the combustion furnace, a through hole is provided at the bottom and a discharge port is provided at the bottom; the combustion chamber is vertically arranged inside the combustion furnace, its upper and lower ends are open, and the top surface of the combustion chamber is fixedly connected to the lower part of the preheating chamber; the outer walls of the preheating chamber and the combustion chamber and the inner wall of the combustion furnace are provided with an interlayer; the upper parts of the preheating chamber and the combustion furnace are provided with corresponding feeding ports; the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring motor, a rotating shaft and a first stirring blade; the stirring motor It is vertically arranged on the top surface of the combustion furnace, and its output shaft faces downward; the rotating shaft is vertically arranged, its top end is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the bottom end extends downward out of the discharge port of the preheating chamber and enters the combustion chamber; the first stirring blade is arranged in the combustion chamber, and is respectively fixedly connected to the rotating shaft; the blanking mechanism includes a baffle and an opening and closing plate, the baffle is an arc-shaped plate structure, and its back side is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the discharge port of the preheating chamber, and a gap is provided between the arc surface and the rotating shaft; the opening and closing plate is an arc-shaped plate structure and is located below the baffle, the arc surface of the rotating plate is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the opening and closing plate can open or close the discharge port of the preheating chamber; the air supply mechanism is arranged in the interlayer.

2. A biomass combustion device with uniform combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a second stirring blade; the second stirring blade is arranged in the preheating chamber and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft.

3. A biomass combustion device with uniform combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an upper smoke exhaust pipe and a lower smoke exhaust pipe; the upper smoke exhaust pipe and the lower smoke exhaust pipe are arranged on the side wall of the combustion furnace and are connected to the preheating chamber and the combustion chamber respectively.

4. A biomass combustion device with uniform combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply mechanism includes a main pipe, a ring pipe, a branch pipe, and an air outlet pipe. The ring pipe is sleeved on the lower part of the outer wall of the combustion chamber and is located in the jacket; the main pipe is horizontally arranged, one end of which is connected to the ring pipe, and the other end passes through the combustion furnace and is connected to an external fan; the branch pipe is vertically arranged, the bottom end of which is connected to the ring pipe, and the upper end extends upward; the air outlet pipe is horizontally arranged, one end of which is connected to the branch pipe, and the other end passes through the outer wall of the combustion chamber and enters the combustion chamber.

5. A biomass combustion device with uniform combustion according to claim 4, characterized in that: Three air outlet pipes are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction.

6. A biomass combustion device with uniform combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that: An igniter is arranged in the combustion chamber.

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