Pulmonary nodule puncture training model

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pulmonary nodule puncture training model which comprises a rib simulation model, a bronchial model, a skin layer and at least one puncture block. Cover plates are arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the rib simulation model; the bronchus model is mounted in a cavity formed by the rib simulation model; the skin layer is attached to the outside of the rib simulation model and covers the rib simulation model; the bronchus model comprises a bronchus simulation structure, a pulmonary artery simulation structure and a pulmonary vein simulation structure; each of the rib simulation model and the bronchial simulation structure comprises a plurality of mounting positions which are distributed at different positions and are used for mounting puncture blocks, and at least one puncture block is mounted on at least one mounting position; the puncture block comprises a puncture block main body for simulating normal human tissues and at least one pulmonary nodule simulant for simulating pulmonary nodules; and the pulmonary nodule simulant is fixed in the puncture block main body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of medical training models, and particularly to a lung nodule puncture training model. Background Art

[0002] The discovery and diagnosis of lung nodules are of great significance in modern medicine, and the puncture biopsy of lung nodules is an important diagnostic method for lung nodules. According to the different positions of lung nodules, the puncture biopsy of lung nodules can be divided into percutaneous puncture and transbronchial puncture. Both puncture methods require medical staff to have rich operation experience.

[0003] In order to improve the puncture biopsy skills of lung nodules, medical staff generally use a simulation model that mimics the structure of the lungs and lung nodules for puncture biopsy training.

[0004] In some existing simulation models, the components used to simulate lung nodules are directly installed on the lung simulation structure. After the simulation model is used for a period of time, it is generally necessary to replace the components of the simulated lung nodules that are repeatedly punctured. The existing model that directly installs the components of the simulated lung nodules on the lung simulation structure has low convenience when replacing components, and in the existing model, the lung nodules can only be installed at specific positions, which cannot meet the need for puncture training of lung nodules at multiple positions. Utility Model Content

[0005] For this reason, this application discloses the following technical solutions:

[0006] This application provides a lung nodule puncture training model, including: a rib simulation model, a bronchial model, a skin layer, and at least one puncture block;

[0007] Cover plates are provided at both the top and bottom of the rib simulation model;

[0008] The bronchial model is installed in the cavity formed by the rib simulation model;

[0009] The skin layer adheres to the outside of the rib simulation model and covers the rib simulation model;

[0010] The bronchial model includes a bronchial simulation structure, a pulmonary artery simulation structure, and a pulmonary vein simulation structure;

[0011] Both the rib simulation model and the bronchial simulation structure include a plurality of installation positions distributed at different positions and used for installing the puncture block, and the at least one puncture block is installed on at least one of the installation positions;

[0012] The puncture block includes a puncture block main body that simulates normal human tissue, and at least one lung nodule simulator that simulates a lung nodule;

[0013] The pulmonary nodule simulator is fixed within the puncture block body.

[0014] Optionally, the puncture block includes a first puncture block;

[0015] On both sides of the puncture block body of the first puncture block, there are first connection parts;

[0016] The first connection parts are used to fix the first puncture block on the rib simulation model.

[0017] Optionally, the material of the first connection parts is hard resin material;

[0018] The materials of the puncture block body and the pulmonary nodule simulator are both gel materials;

[0019] The gels of the puncture block body and the pulmonary nodule simulator have different colors.

[0020] Optionally, the puncture block body of the first puncture block has a groove structure;

[0021] When the first puncture block is installed on the rib simulation model, the rib of the rib simulation model is embedded in the groove structure of the first puncture block.

[0022] Optionally, the first puncture block includes multiple pulmonary nodule simulators located at different positions, and the sizes of the multiple pulmonary nodule simulators are different.

[0023] Optionally, the puncture block includes a second puncture block for installation on the bronchial simulation structure;

[0024] The puncture block body of the second puncture block is a cylindrical structure or a frustum-shaped structure, and there is a cavity passing through the cylindrical structure or the frustum-shaped structure at the axis;

[0025] There is an opening extending along the axis on the puncture block body of the second puncture block;

[0026] When the second puncture block is installed at the installation position of the bronchial simulation structure, the puncture block body is clamped on the outer periphery of the tube wall of the bronchial simulation structure through the cavity.

[0027] Optionally, the second puncture block has a limit groove;

[0028] There is a limit protrusion at the installation position of the bronchial simulation structure;

[0029] When the second puncture block is installed at the installation position of the bronchial simulation structure, the limit groove cooperates with the limit protrusion.

[0030] Optionally, the inner side of the tube wall of the bronchial simulation structure has a simulated mucosa material.

[0031] Optionally, the bronchial model has a fixed base;

[0032] The position of the vertebral bone of the rib simulation model has a base groove corresponding to the fixed base;

[0033] When the bronchial model is installed in the cavity formed by the rib simulation model, the fixed base is received in the base groove.

[0034] Optionally, the material of the cover plate is transparent acrylic material.

[0035] The beneficial effect of this solution is as follows:

[0036] In this solution, the lung nodule simulator is installed in the puncture block, and the puncture block can be installed at any one or more installation positions of the rib simulation model and the bronchial simulation structure as needed. On the one hand, by installing the puncture block at different installation positions, the model of this solution meets the need for puncture training of lung nodules at multiple positions. On the other hand, the model of this solution only needs to replace the puncture block at the installation position to quickly complete the replacement of the old and new lung nodule simulators. Therefore, the model has a high degree of convenience when replacing the lung nodule simulator. Description of the Drawings

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or related technologies, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or related technologies. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

[0038] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the appearance and dimensions of a lung nodule puncture training model provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lung nodule puncture training model provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation method of a bronchial model provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first puncture block installed on a rib simulation model provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second puncture block installed on a bronchial simulation structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a second puncture block installed on a bronchial simulation structure provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0044] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Apparently, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0045] It should be noted that the embodiments in this specification are all described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0046] For the convenience of description, when describing the above system or device, it is divided into various modules or units according to functions for description. Of course, when implementing the present application, the functions of each unit can be realized in one or more software and / or hardware.

[0047] The present application provides a lung nodule puncture training model. Please refer to Figure 1 , which is a schematic diagram of the appearance and dimensions of the model. Among them Figure 1 (1) of Figure 1 is the top view of the model, Figure 1 (2) of

[0048] is the side view of the model, and Figure 1 (3) of

[0049] is the front view of the model. Figure 1 The dimensions of the model can imitate the dimensions of the human chest, so that better training effects can be obtained when using the model for puncture training. As

[0050] shown, the height of the model can be 258.5 millimeters (mm), the width can be 281 mm, and the thickness can be 203 mm. Figure 1 It can be understood that the above dimensions are only examples. In other alternative embodiments, the lung nodule puncture training model can have other dimensions greater than or less than

[0051] the dimensions shown.

[0052] At the top and bottom of the rib simulation model 1, cover plates are provided, that is Figure 2The top cover plate 5-1 and the bottom cover plate 5-2 shown in (1).

[0053] From Figure 2 As can be seen from (1), a cavity simulating the human chest cavity is formed inside the rib simulation model, and the bronchial model is installed in this cavity.

[0054] The structure of the bronchial model is as Figure 2 shown in (2). This bronchial model includes a bronchial simulation structure 2-1, a pulmonary vein simulation structure 2-3, and a pulmonary artery simulation structure 2-2.

[0055] Among them, the bronchial simulation structure can be similar to the bronchial structure of the human body. That is to say, the bronchial simulation structure can be composed of a hollow tube, and the outer diameter and inner diameter of the tube are the same as or close to the inner diameter and outer diameter of the bronchus at the corresponding position of the human body.

[0056] The positional relationship between the above structures can be set to simulate the positional relationship between the bronchi, pulmonary veins, and pulmonary arteries of the human body, so as to improve the simulation degree of the model in this embodiment.

[0057] The bronchial simulation structure, the pulmonary vein simulation structure, and the pulmonary artery simulation structure can be made of a soft rubber material and have a certain elasticity and plasticity.

[0058] Optionally, the bronchial simulation structure can also be made of white resin material, the pulmonary artery simulation structure can be made of blue resin material, and the pulmonary vein simulation structure can be made of red resin material.

[0059] As Figure 2 shown in (3), the skin layer 3 is attached to the outside of the rib simulation model 1 and covers the rib simulation model.

[0060] Among them, the skin layer 3 can completely cover the rib simulation model 1 or can partially cover the rib simulation model 1.

[0061] Optionally, the skin layer can adopt a replaceable block structure, that is, the skin layer is composed of multiple skin blocks. When used for training repeatedly for many times, one or more skin blocks that have been repeatedly punctured can be replaced with new skin blocks, so as to facilitate repeated puncture training.

[0062] Both the rib simulation model 1 and the bronchial simulation structure 2 include a plurality of installation positions distributed at different positions and used for installing puncture blocks, and at least one puncture block 4 is installed on at least one installation position.

[0063] A lung nodule puncture training model can include one or more puncture blocks. For example Figure 2 in (1) this model includes two puncture blocks 4.

[0064] The puncture block includes a puncture block body that simulates normal human tissue and at least one lung nodule simulator that simulates a lung nodule; the lung nodule simulator is fixed within the puncture block body.

[0065] As some examples, the lung nodule simulator can be a gel - material sphere, and these spheres can be inlaid in the corresponding cavities of the puncture block body to simulate lung nodules embedded in normal human tissue.

[0066] In the lung nodule puncture training model of this embodiment, the material of the cover plate can be transparent acrylic material, or it can be other transparent materials.

[0067] The advantage of using a transparent material is that the internal structure of the model can be directly observed through the cover plate from the bottom or top of the model.

[0068] Optionally, the relationship between the lung nodule simulator and the puncture block body can be:

[0069] Multiple cavities that are adapted in size and shape to the lung nodule simulator are provided within the puncture block body. For example, spherical cavities with diameters of 8 mm, 10 mm, and 12 mm are provided. When this model is used for training, corresponding numbers and sizes of lung nodule simulators can be inserted into the spherical cavities at designated positions as needed to simulate lung nodules at corresponding positions.

[0070] In this solution, the lung nodule simulator is installed within the puncture block, and the puncture block can be installed at any one or more installation positions of the rib simulation model and the bronchial simulation structure as needed. On the one hand, by installing the puncture block at different installation positions, the model of this solution meets the need for puncture training of lung nodules at multiple positions. On the other hand, for the model of this solution, only by replacing the puncture block at the installation position can the replacement of the old and new lung nodule simulators be quickly completed. Therefore, this model has a high degree of convenience when replacing the lung nodule simulator.

[0071] Moreover, this model can truly simulate the pulmonary anatomical structure, and through the puncture blocks installed on the rib simulation model and the bronchial simulation structure, it meets the two training requirements of percutaneous lung nodule puncture and trans - bronchial lung nodule puncture training, helping medical staff improve their operation skills and reduce risks in actual operations.

[0072] Optionally, for better simulation, the skin layer of the above - mentioned model can include a skin layer, a muscle layer, and a fat layer. The layer located on the outermost side of the model and in direct contact with the air is the skin layer, the fat layer is below the skin layer, the muscle layer is below the fat layer, and the inner side of the muscle layer is in contact with the rib simulation model.

[0073] The thickness of the skin layer can be 2 mm.

[0074] The above different layers can be made of different materials to better simulate real human tissues. For example, the skin layer can be made of high-elastic silicone material, with elasticity and touch close to those of real skin. The fat layer and muscle layer are respectively stacked with silicone materials of different hardness. The silicone material of the fat layer has a lower hardness and is softer than the muscle layer, while the silicone material of the muscle layer has a higher hardness, so as to simulate the thickness and softness of real human tissues.

[0075] The rib simulation model is made of high-strength plastic material. For example, it can be made of white hard resin material, so that the rib simulation model has appropriate rigidity and toughness and can provide real resistance and feedback during the puncture process.

[0076] In this embodiment, the bronchial model can be installed in the cavity of the rib simulation model in various ways. As an example, the bronchial model can be installed in the Figure 3 shown manner.

[0077] As Figure 3 shown in (1) and (2), at the position of the vertebra of the rib simulation model, a base groove for accommodating the fixed base can be set.

[0078] Correspondingly, as Figure 3 shown in (3), the bronchial model can have a fixed base, and the shape of the fixed base corresponds to the shape of the base groove. For example, if the base groove is a rounded rectangle, the fixed base is also a rounded rectangle.

[0079] Based on the above structure, as Figure 3 shown in (4), when the bronchial model is installed in the cavity formed by the rib simulation model, the fixed base of the bronchial model can be accommodated in the base groove, so as to fix the bronchial model in the cavity formed by the rib simulation model.

[0080] In some alternative embodiments, the cavity formed by the rib simulation model may also have a simulated lung tissue structure, which can be made of a polymer material and filled with simulated silicone inside to simulate the density and texture of the lung tissue. Correspondingly, the above bronchial model can be located inside the simulated lung tissue structure.

[0081] In the model of this embodiment, according to the different installation positions of the puncture block, the puncture block can be divided into a first puncture block installed on the rib simulation model and a second puncture block installed on the bronchial simulation structure.

[0082] Among them, the structure of the first puncture block can be referred to Figure 4 .

[0083] As Figure 4As shown in (1) of FIG. 0, both sides of the puncture block body of the first puncture block may have first connecting portions protruding outward; the first connecting portions are used to fix the first puncture block on the rib simulation model.

[0084] Specifically, the installation positions on the rib simulation model may be Figure 4 the multiple installation holes with a certain depth shown in (2) of FIG. 0, and each installation hole corresponds to an installation position.

[0085] When installing the first puncture block on the rib simulation model, the first connecting portion and the installation hole at the corresponding position can be aligned, and then the first connecting portion can be fixed to the installation hole with a connecting member (such as a plug, a screw, etc.), whereby the first puncture block can be fixed at the corresponding position.

[0086] When it is necessary to change the position of the first puncture block, only the connecting member of the originally installed first puncture block needs to be removed, and the first connecting portion of the first puncture block is aligned to the installation hole at the new position, and then the first puncture block can be fixed at the new position again through the connecting member.

[0087] Similarly, when it is necessary to replace the first puncture block, the connecting member fixing the old puncture block can be removed. After placing the new puncture block at the corresponding position, the first connecting portion of the new puncture block can be fixed to the installation hole again with the connecting member.

[0088] In some alternative embodiments, the puncture block body of the first puncture block may further have a groove structure as shown in Figure 4 (1) and (3) of FIG. 0.

[0089] When the first puncture block is installed on the rib simulation model, the ribs of the rib simulation model can be Figure 4 embedded into the groove structure of the first puncture block in the manner shown in (1) and (3) of FIG. 0.

[0090] By providing the above groove structure, the firmness of the first puncture block installed on the rib simulation model can be improved, and the displacement of the first puncture block during training with the model can be avoided.

[0091] As shown in Figure 4 (1) of FIG. 0, the first connecting portion, the puncture block body and the lung nodule simulator of the first puncture block may be made of different materials. For example, the material of the first connecting portion is a hard resin material; the materials of the puncture block body and the lung nodule simulator are both gel materials; the gels of the puncture block body and the lung nodule simulator have different colors, that is, the puncture block body is a light-colored translucent gel material, and the lung nodule simulator is a dark-colored opaque gel material.

[0092] Optionally, the nodule simulator can also be made of a soft silicone material, having a real texture and feel, with adjustable size and shape, capable of simulating different types and sizes of lung nodules.

[0093] Optionally, the puncture block body and the lung nodule simulator can be gel materials with different densities. On the one hand, this can provide different puncture feels during puncture training, helping to improve the training effect. On the other hand, it can present different CT images on CT equipment, enabling the model to be applied to CT imaging scenarios.

[0094] Optionally, the first puncture block includes multiple lung nodule simulators located at different positions, and the sizes of the multiple lung nodule simulators are different.

[0095] Taking Figure 4 as an example of (1), a first puncture block can include spherical lung nodule simulators with diameters of 8 mm, 10 mm, and 12 mm respectively, and there are two lung nodule simulators of each size.

[0096] Optionally, the first puncture block can have different thicknesses, and the positions of some lung nodule simulators in the first puncture block can be close to the outside, that is, close to the skin layer, so as to simulate superficial nodules, and the positions of some other lung nodule simulators can be close to the inside, that is, close to the bronchus, so as to simulate deep lung nodules.

[0097] The second puncture block for installation on the bronchial simulation structure can have the structure as Figure 5 shown.

[0098] Figure 5 Figure (1) shows schematic diagrams of the left side, right side, front side, back side, top view, and bottom view of the second puncture block.

[0099] It can be seen that the puncture block body of the second puncture block is a cylindrical structure or a frustum-shaped structure (a frustum-shaped structure in the figure), and there is a cavity passing through the cylindrical structure or the frustum-shaped structure at the axis.

[0100] The puncture block body of the second puncture block has an opening extending along the axis.

[0101] The bronchial simulation structure can be as shown in Figure 5 Figure (2), as shown in Figure 5 Figure (2), the installation position of this bronchial simulation structure can be any section of the pipe wall.

[0102] Please refer to Figure 5(2) When the second puncture block is installed in the installation position of the bronchial simulation structure, the puncture block body can be broken apart from the opening and inserted into the bronchial structure at the installation position, and then the opening of the puncture block body is released. Since the puncture block body itself is made of a material with a certain elasticity such as gel or silicone, after the opening of the puncture block body is released, the opening is closed under the action of elasticity and restored to Figure 5 A closed slit is formed on the puncture block body shown in (1), whereby the puncture block body of the second puncture block is clamped on the outer periphery of the tube wall of the bronchial simulation structure through the cavity.

[0103] When the position needs to be changed or a new second puncture block needs to be replaced, the corresponding opening only needs to be opened again to remove the original second puncture block and install it to a new position or replace the new second puncture block.

[0104] The materials of the puncture block body and the lung nodule simulation of the second puncture block can refer to the first puncture block and will not be described in detail.

[0105] like Figure 6 As shown in (1) and (2), since the space sizes that can accommodate the puncture blocks at different installation positions of the bronchial simulation structure are different and the outer diameters of the tubes are also different, a second puncture block of multiple different sizes can be provided, and a second puncture block of corresponding size can be selected for installation according to the required installation position.

[0106] In some optional embodiments, the second puncture block has a limiting groove, and the mounting position of the bronchial simulation structure has a limiting protrusion corresponding to the limiting groove.

[0107] When the second puncture block is installed at the installation position of the early bronchial simulation structure, the limiting groove cooperates with the limiting protrusion, that is, the limiting protrusion of the installation position can be embedded in the limiting groove of the second puncture block. Therefore, the limiting groove and the limiting protrusion can cooperate with each other to prevent the second puncture block from rotating around the axis of the bronchus, ensuring the stability of the second puncture block during training.

[0108] In some optional embodiments, the inner side of the tube wall of the bronchial simulation structure may also have a simulated mucosal material to simulate the mucus in the human bronchi and improve the simulation of the model.

[0109] When the model of this embodiment is applied to lung nodule puncture training, if it is used for percutaneous puncture training, the trainee first determines the location of the nodule by touch, vision or simulated impact equipment, and then sticks a mark on the outer surface of the skin layer to indicate the puncture location after determining the location of the nodule. This process simulates the initial examination steps of the doctor in the real clinical operation, and the doctor determines the approximate location of the nodule through surface palpation and imaging examination (such as ultrasound or CT guidance).

[0110] Once the position of the nodule is determined, the trainer can use a puncture needle to penetrate through the skin layer and insert it into the puncture block installed on the rib simulation model. Since the skin layer uses different layered materials to simulate different tissue layers of the real human body, during the puncture process, the trainer can feel the resistance and feedback when the puncture needle passes through each tissue layer, which helps to improve the ability to identify different tissue layers and the accuracy of puncture.

[0111] If it is used for transbronchial puncture training, the trainer can insert a bronchoscope into the channel inside the bronchus of the model of this embodiment. A bronchoscope is a slender tubular instrument with a camera that can penetrate deep into the bronchus and provide real-time image guidance. The trainer navigates the path of the puncture needle through the image screen of the bronchoscope and gradually approaches the nodule position.

[0112] The simulated mucosal material on the inner wall of the bronchial channel not only has appropriate softness and elasticity but also has a certain frictional force, which enables the bronchoscope to produce a real operating feeling during movement. The trainer needs to adjust the angle and depth of the bronchoscope to accurately guide the puncture needle to the nodule position. This process requires a high degree of hand-eye coordination and precise operating skills.

[0113] Through this transbronchial puncture training, the trainer can practice the ability to perform fine operations under image guidance and improve the accuracy of navigation and puncture in complex anatomical environments. This has important practical application value for pulmonary nodule biopsy in clinical practice, especially for those nodules located around or deep in the bronchus.

[0114] As mentioned above, when applied to percutaneous puncture, if it is necessary to simulate the puncture of superficial nodules, a pulmonary nodule simulator can be installed at a position close to the outside in the first puncture block of the model to simulate common superficial nodules in clinical practice. At this time, the trainer can judge the nodule position through touch and imaging examinations (such as ultrasound guidance), and then perform the puncture. This type of training helps beginners master basic puncture skills and the ability to judge nodule positions.

[0115] If it is necessary to simulate the position of deep nodules, the pulmonary nodule simulator can be installed at a position close to the inside of the first puncture block to simulate deep pulmonary nodules. At this time, the trainer needs to accurately locate the nodule position through imaging equipment (such as CT guidance), and then perform the puncture. This type of training increases the operation difficulty and requires the trainer to have higher image recognition ability and puncture accuracy.

[0116] Optionally, multiple pulmonary nodule simulators can also be installed at multiple different positions simultaneously to simulate the scenario of multiple pulmonary nodules. This combined training can improve the trainer's comprehensive response ability in multi-point puncture and complex cases.

[0117] Optionally, the position of the first puncture block can also be adjusted. The first puncture block can be installed near important anatomical structures (such as large blood vessels or airways), and a lung nodule simulator can be installed at a position near the above-mentioned important anatomical structure in the first puncture block, so as to simulate nodules in high-risk positions in clinical practice. In this case, the trainer needs to be particularly careful to avoid damaging key structures and improve the accuracy and safety of the operation.

[0118] When used for transbronchial puncture training, the second puncture block can be installed at an installation position near the main bronchus to simulate a proximal bronchial nodule near the airway in clinical practice. At this time, the trainer inserts a bronchoscope into the bronchial channel and uses an image-guided puncture needle to reach the nodule position. This type of training helps the trainer master the basic operations of the bronchoscope and image-guided techniques.

[0119] When used for transbronchial puncture training, the second puncture block can also be installed at an installation position at the bronchial periphery or distal end to simulate nodules located deep in the bronchus. At this time, the trainer needs to navigate through a complex airway network with a bronchoscope and precisely guide the puncture needle to the target position. This type of training increases the operation difficulty and requires the trainer to have excellent endoscopic operation skills and spatial orientation abilities.

[0120] When used for transbronchial puncture training, multiple second puncture blocks can also be installed at an installation position near the main bronchus and an installation position at the bronchial periphery or distal end respectively to simulate the transbronchial puncture scenario of multiple pulmonary nodules. This combined training can improve the comprehensive skills of the trainer in multi-point navigation and multi-nodule puncture.

[0121] Optionally, the lung nodule simulator can also be installed at a position near the bronchial wall and near important structures in the second puncture block to simulate nodules in high-risk positions in clinical practice. The trainer needs to precisely navigate and puncture under the bronchoscope to avoid damaging the surrounding key structures and improve the accuracy and safety of the operation.

[0122] Finally, it should also be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first, second, third, and fourth are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise", or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including a..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or device including the said element.

[0123] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present application, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pulmonary nodule puncture training model, characterized in that: include: A rib simulation model, a bronchial model, a skin layer and at least one puncture block; The top and bottom ends of the rib simulation model are both provided with cover plates; The bronchial model is installed in the cavity formed by the rib simulation model; The skin layer is attached to the outside of the rib simulation model and covers the rib simulation model; The bronchial model includes a bronchial simulation structure, a pulmonary artery simulation structure and a pulmonary vein simulation structure; The rib simulation model and the bronchial simulation structure both include a plurality of mounting positions distributed at different positions and used to mount the puncture blocks, and at least one puncture block is mounted on at least one of the mounting positions; The puncture block includes a puncture block body simulating normal human tissue, and at least one lung nodule simulator simulating a lung nodule; The lung nodule simulation is fixed in the puncture block body.

2. The model according to claim 1, characterized in that The puncture block includes a first puncture block; The first puncture block has first connecting parts on both sides of the puncture block body; The first connecting portion is used to fix the first puncture block on the rib simulation model.

3. The model according to claim 2, characterized in that The material of the first connecting part is a hard resin material; The materials of the puncture block body and the lung nodule simulation are both gel materials; The gel of the puncture block body and the gel of the lung nodule mimic have different colors.

4. The model according to claim 2, characterized in that The puncture block body of the first puncture block has a groove structure; When the first puncture block is installed on the rib simulation model, the ribs of the rib simulation model are embedded in the groove structure of the first puncture block.

5. The model according to claim 2, characterized in that The first puncture block includes a plurality of lung nodule simulations located at different positions, and the plurality of lung nodule simulations have different sizes.

6. The model according to claim 1, characterized in that The puncture block includes a second puncture block for installation on the bronchial simulation structure; The puncture block body of the second puncture block is a cylindrical structure or a truncated cone structure, and the axis thereof has a cavity penetrating the cylindrical structure or the truncated cone structure; The puncture block body of the second puncture block has an opening extending along the axis; When the second puncture block is installed at the installation position of the bronchial simulation structure, the puncture block body is clamped on the outer periphery of the tube wall of the bronchial simulation structure through the cavity.

7. The model according to claim 6, characterized in that The second puncture block has a limiting groove; The installation position of the bronchial simulation structure is provided with a limiting protrusion; When the second puncture block is installed at the installation position of the bronchial simulation structure, the limiting groove matches with the limiting protrusion.

8. The model according to claim 1, characterized in that The inner side of the tube wall of the bronchial simulation structure is provided with a simulated mucosal material.

9. The model according to claim 1, characterized in that The bronchial model has a fixed base; The vertebrae of the rib simulation model are provided with a base groove corresponding to the fixed base; When the bronchial model is installed in the cavity formed by the rib simulation model, the fixed base is accommodated in the base groove.

10. The model according to claim 1, characterized in that The cover plate is made of transparent acrylic material.

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