Civil air defense air filter

Abstract

The utility model discloses a civil air defense air filter which comprises a frame body, a fine filtering unit and a poison filtering unit are arranged on the inner side of the frame body, a dehumidification mechanism is arranged at the air inlet end of the frame body, and the dehumidification mechanism comprises an air inlet channel, an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and a drainage mechanism. The air purifier is simple in structure and reasonable in design, moisture can be effectively removed from inlet air, the influence of wet air on the filter unit is reduced, in addition, cold air can be prevented from making direct contact with the filter unit, the situation that a filter material is damaged or the filter efficiency is reduced due to large temperature difference is avoided, and on the other hand, the air purifier is convenient to use. Water collected from air can be effectively discharged from the system, water accumulation in the system is reduced, in addition, the arrangement of the water collecting and discharging pipe facilitates connection with external water treatment equipment, further treatment and utilization of water resources are facilitated, and the environment-friendly significance is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of civil air defense equipment, and particularly relates to a civil air defense air filter. Background Art

[0002] In civil air defense engineering equipment, the air filtration system is one of the key equipment to ensure the long-term survival and work of personnel in closed or semi-closed spaces. The types of civil air defense equipment are extensive, including but not limited to oxygen supply systems, air purification equipment, ventilation systems, life support systems inside emergency shelters, etc. Air filters play a crucial role in these systems. They are responsible for removing harmful gases, dust, microorganisms and other pollutants from the outside or recycled air to ensure that the air quality meets health and safety standards. In the civil air defense system, air filters usually include coarse filtration, fine filtration and special-function gas filtration units, and these units work together to achieve efficient removal of various pollutants in the air. In addition, with the development of technology, modern civil air defense air filters have begun to integrate intelligent sensing and reaction systems to automatically adjust the filtration performance and respond to changes in the external environment.

[0003] Deficiencies of the prior art:

[0004] Under humid conditions, the filter material is prone to adsorb excessive moisture, resulting in a decrease in filtration efficiency, and further causing damage to the physical structure of the filter material, shortening the service life of the filter. For example, dust and particles in a high-humidity environment are easy to combine with moisture to form a mud-like substance adhering to the filter material, seriously blocking the filter layer, reducing the air flow rate, and lowering the working efficiency of the entire filtration system. In addition, the growth of microorganisms on the filter material in a humid environment will also accelerate, increasing the risk of biological contamination. This is a safety hazard that cannot be ignored for the civil air defense system that needs to maintain a closed and clean air environment for a long time. Therefore, developing a civil air defense air filter that can effectively adapt to high-humidity environments and maintain high filtration performance is an urgent technical problem to be solved in the current field. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a civil air defense air filter to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solution: A civil air defense air filter includes a frame body, a fine filtration unit and a gas filtration unit are arranged inside the frame body, and a dehumidification mechanism is arranged at the air inlet end of the frame body;

[0007] The dehumidification mechanism includes:

[0008] An air inlet channel, which is arranged at the air inlet end of the frame body;

[0009] Evaporator, the evaporator is arranged inside the air inlet passage, and one end of the evaporator is connected to a compressor through a pipeline;

[0010] Condenser, the condenser is arranged inside the frame and is located at the air outlet end of the evaporator, and the condenser is connected to the compressor through a pipeline;

[0011] Expansion valve, both sides of the expansion valve are respectively connected to the evaporator and the condenser through pipelines;

[0012] Drainage mechanism, the drainage mechanism is arranged on the side of the evaporator, and the drainage mechanism is used to drain the liquid inside the air inlet passage.

[0013] Preferably, the drainage mechanism includes:

[0014] Drainage trough, the drainage trough is arranged inside the air inlet passage and is located on both sides of the evaporator;

[0015] Water collecting and external drainage pipe, the water collecting and external drainage pipe is arranged outside the air inlet passage, and the water collecting and external drainage pipe is communicated with the drainage trough.

[0016] Preferably, the fine filtration unit is a HEPA filter, and the gas filtration unit is an activated carbon filter.

[0017] Preferably, fans are arranged at the air inlet ends of the evaporator and the condenser.

[0018] Preferably, the drainage trough is U-shaped.

[0019] Preferably, the air inlet passage is in a shape of a capital letter "J".

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

[0021] For this air filter for civil air defense, by providing a dehumidification mechanism which includes an air inlet passage, an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and a drainage mechanism, this design can effectively remove moisture from the incoming air, reduce the influence of humid air on the filter unit. In addition, this design can also prevent cold air from directly contacting the filter unit, avoiding the situation of damaging the filter material or reducing the filtration efficiency due to a large temperature difference;

[0022] For this air filter for civil air defense, by providing a drainage mechanism which includes a drainage trough and a water collecting and external drainage pipe, this design enables the moisture collected from the air to be effectively discharged from the system, reducing the moisture accumulation inside the system. The design of the drainage trough and the water collecting and external drainage pipe optimizes the collection and discharge of moisture. In addition, the setting of the water collecting and external drainage pipe facilitates the connection with external water treatment equipment, facilitating the further treatment and utilization of water resources, and having environmental protection significance. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 It is the top view of the overall structure of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 It is the side view of the internal structure of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 It is the enlarged view of part A of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 It is the enlarged view of part B of the present utility model.

[0027] In the figure: 1. Frame body; 2. Fine filtration unit; 3. Poison gas filtration unit; 4. Dehumidification mechanism; 401. Air inlet channel; 402. Evaporator; 403. Compressor; 404. Condenser; 405. Expansion valve; 406. Drainage mechanism; 4061. Drainage tank; 4062. Water collection and external discharge pipe; 5. Fan. Specific embodiments

[0028] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present utility model.

[0030] In the description of this patent, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "setting" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be fixedly connected and set, or detachably connected and set, or integrally connected and set. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this patent can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "several" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined. Embodiment

[0032] Please refer to Figures 1-4 As shown, a technical solution of a civil air defense air filter provided by the present utility model: a civil air defense air filter, including a frame body 1, a fine filtration unit 2 and a poison filtration unit 3 are arranged inside the frame body 1, and a dehumidification mechanism 4 is arranged at the air inlet end of the frame body 1;

[0033] The dehumidification mechanism 4 includes an air inlet passage 401, an evaporator 402, a condenser 404, an expansion valve 405, and a drainage mechanism 406. The air inlet passage 401 is connected to the air inlet end of the frame body 1. The evaporator 402 is installed inside the air inlet passage 401. One end of the evaporator 402 is connected to a compressor 403 through a pipeline. The condenser 404 is installed inside the frame body 1 and is located at the air outlet end of the evaporator 402. The condenser 404 is connected to the compressor 403 through a pipeline. Both sides of the expansion valve 405 are respectively connected to the evaporator 402 and the condenser 404 through pipelines. The drainage mechanism 406 is arranged on the side of the evaporator 402. The drainage mechanism 406 is used to drain the liquid inside the air inlet passage 401. In the specific implementation process, an appropriate amount of refrigerant (such as freon) needs to be added to the compressor 403. During normal ventilation, air enters from the air inlet passage 401 and is discharged from the end of the frame body 1. When the air passes through the condenser 404, the air cools down, and the moisture in the air is condensed into water droplets and accumulates on the surface of the condenser 404. When the water droplets reach the tension limit, they drip into the drainage mechanism 406 and are discharged from the air inlet passage 401. Then, the dehumidified cold air is heated when it reaches the evaporator 402 and finally enters the fine filtration unit 2 and the poison filtration unit 3 inside the frame body 1 for filtration and discharge. During the refrigeration process, the refrigerant located inside the evaporator 402 enters the condenser 404 in a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous form after being compressed. In the condenser 404, due to the intervention of cold air, the refrigerant will cool down and change from a gas to a liquid. Then, when the refrigerant reaches the expansion valve 405, its pressure will be released and it will cool down rapidly, changing from the original liquid state to a gaseous state. During this process, the refrigerant will absorb the heat of the air inside the air inlet passage 401 and condense the moisture in the air, realizing the dehumidification of the air inside the air inlet passage 401. After that, the gaseous refrigerant will enter the inside of the compressor 403 through the pipeline again. In the compressor 403, the refrigerant is compressed again and is transmitted to the condenser 404 again to realize the cycle.

[0034] The drainage mechanism 406 includes a drainage trough 4061 and a water collection and external discharge pipe 4062. The drainage trough 4061 is arranged inside the air inlet passage 401 and on both sides of the evaporator 402. The water collection and external discharge pipe 4062 is arranged outside the air inlet passage 401. The water collection and external discharge pipe 4062 is communicated with the drainage trough 4061. During the drainage process, the water droplets on the surface of the evaporator 402 drip into the drainage trough 4061, and then are collected and discharged in the water collection and external discharge pipe 4062. This design can reduce the number of outlet ends for external water discharge, making it more convenient to connect with external water treatment equipment.

[0035] The fine filtration unit 2 is a HEPA filter, and the gas filtration unit 3 is an activated carbon filter. The design of the HEPA filter can effectively remove dust, bacteria and other suspended particles in the air. The design of the activated carbon filter can provide a large adsorption area, so as to effectively capture odors, chemical pollutants, smoke, etc., enhancing the protection ability of the civil air defense air filter against chemical threats and ensuring that the filtered air is harmless to the human body.

[0036] Fans 5 are arranged at the air inlet ends of the evaporator 402 and the condenser 404. This design can, on the one hand, accelerate the cooling efficiency of the condenser 404, and on the other hand, enhance the air fluidity and maintain the continuous operation efficiency of the system.

[0037] The drainage trough 4061 is U-shaped. This design can improve the water collection efficiency and prevent water from splashing back, which is more conducive to capturing and guiding the condensed water to the water collection and external discharge pipe 4062.

[0038] The air inlet passage 401 is shaped like the Chinese character 'ji'. This design can further avoid external water flow and prevent water from flowing along the air inlet passage 401 to the condenser 404.

[0039] The working principle of the present utility model is as follows:

[0040] When a human air filter of this embodiment is working, air first enters the system through the air inlet channel 401. The air first reaches the evaporator 402, where the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant compressed by the compressor 403 absorbs the heat of the air inside the evaporator 402, and the refrigerant evaporates from liquid to gas, while reducing the temperature of the air. At this time, the water vapor in the air condenses into water droplets during the cooling process, and these water droplets are formed on the surface of the evaporator 402, and then drip into the drainage mechanism 406. The drainage mechanism 406 discharges the collected water droplets out of the system through the drainage groove 4061 and the water collection external drainage pipe 4062, effectively reducing the humidity in the system. Then, the dehumidified cold air flows to the condenser 404, where the evaporated refrigerant releases heat and condenses from gas to liquid, further reducing the temperature of the air. The condensed refrigerant releases pressure through the expansion valve 405, quickly cools down, turns back to gas, and circulates back to the compressor 403 to prepare for the next cycle. Finally, the treated air enters the fine filter unit 2 and the poison filter unit 3 inside the frame 1, where the filtered and purified air is sent out of the end of the frame 1 for use in the civil air defense space.

[0041] The above shows and describes the basic principle, main features and advantages of the utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the utility model is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, the utility model may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the utility model to be protected. The scope of protection of the utility model is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A civil air filter, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: Inside the housing (1), a fine filtration unit (2) and a poison filtration unit (3) are provided, and a dehumidification mechanism (4) is provided at the air inlet end of the housing (1). The dehumidification mechanism (4) includes: An air inlet channel (401), which is provided at the air inlet end of the housing (1); An evaporator (402), which is arranged inside the air inlet channel (401), and one end of the evaporator (402) is connected to a compressor (403) through a pipeline; A condenser (404), which is arranged inside the housing (1) and is located at the air outlet end of the evaporator (402), and the condenser (404) is connected to the compressor (403) through a pipeline; An expansion valve (405), both sides of which are connected to the evaporator (402) and the condenser (404) respectively through pipelines; A drainage mechanism (406), which is arranged on the side of the evaporator (402), and the drainage mechanism (406) is used to drain the liquid inside the air inlet channel (401).

2. The air filter for civil air defense according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage mechanism (406) includes: A drainage groove (4061), which is arranged inside the air inlet channel (401) and is located on both sides of the evaporator (402); A water collection and external drainage pipe (4062), which is arranged outside the air inlet channel (401), and the water collection and external drainage pipe (4062) is communicated with the drainage groove (4061).

3. The air filter for civil air defense according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fine filtration unit (2) is a HEPA filter, and the poison filtration unit (3) is an activated carbon filter.

4. The air filter for civil air defense according to claim 1, characterized in that: Fans (5) are provided at the air inlet ends of the evaporator (402) and the condenser (404).

5. The air filter for civil air defense according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drainage groove (4061) is U-shaped.

6. The air filter for civil air defense according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet channel (401) is shaped like a capital "J".

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