Polyurethane elastic cushion for vibration reduction and sound insulation of building floor slab and building floor slab laid with polyurethane elastic cushion

Abstract

The utility model discloses a polyurethane elastic cushion for vibration reduction and sound insulation of a building floor and the building floor laid with the polyurethane elastic cushion. The elastic cushion sequentially comprises an EPDM (Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Monomer) film layer, a polyurethane elastic layer and a PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) panel layer from top to bottom, wherein the EPDM film layer plays a role in puncture prevention and water prevention; the polyurethane elastic layer can absorb vibration and sound; wherein the lower surface of the polyurethane elastic layer is provided with a plurality of bulges protruding downwards, the bulges are densely distributed in a plum blossom shape, and a three-dimensional cavity structure is formed among the bulges, so that sound waves are continuously attenuated in a cavity, and the purpose of isolating solid-borne sound propagation is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model patent relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a polyurethane elastic pad composite structure for building floor vibration reduction and sound insulation. Background Art

[0002] In modern architectural design, the vibration reduction and sound insulation performance of floors has an important impact on the quality of life of residents and the comfort of buildings.

[0003] Traditional floor materials have deficiencies in vibration reduction and sound insulation, especially in high-rise buildings or places with high sound insulation requirements, and this deficiency is more obvious. Currently, the relatively mature building floor vibration reduction and sound insulation materials on the domestic market mainly include: polyurethane composite rubber fiber elastomer, rubber sound insulation pad, sound insulation mortar, cross-linked polyethylene sound insulation and shock absorption pad, etc.

[0004] Currently, there are many types of building floor sound insulation and shock absorption pads, but their performances vary, and there are generally problems such as environmental protection, compressive resistance, and service life.

[0005] (1) In terms of environmental protection, there are many polystyrene-based materials on the market. The production process of the materials causes relatively large pollution, and the flame retardant performance of the materials themselves is not good. Toxic gases will be generated during combustion.

[0006] (2) In terms of compressive resistance, the compressive resistance and elasticity of most materials are not good. After pouring concrete on the floating floor, over time, the sound insulation pad will be compressed and the thickness will become smaller, resulting in a reduction in the sound insulation and vibration reduction effect.

[0007] (3) The service life of many materials is relatively short, mostly about 5 years. After exceeding the service life, there will be a situation where the sound insulation amount decreases and it is difficult to construct again.

[0008] Due to the above reasons, the inventor has conducted in-depth research on the existing elastic pads for building floor vibration reduction and sound insulation, hoping to design a new polyurethane elastic pad for building floor vibration reduction and sound insulation that can solve the problems of short service life of building floor vibration reduction, insufficient compressive performance, and insufficient sound insulation and vibration reduction performance. Utility Model Content

[0009] In order to overcome the above problems, the inventor has conducted intensive research and designed a polyurethane elastic pad for building floor vibration reduction and sound insulation and a building floor on which it is laid. The elastic pad sequentially includes an EPDM film layer that plays a role in preventing puncture and waterproofing, a polyurethane elastic layer that can reduce vibration and absorb sound, and a PVC panel layer that plays a role in leveling and isolation from top to bottom. Among them, downwardly protruding protrusions are provided on the lower surface of the polyurethane elastic layer. There are a plurality of the protrusions, which are densely arranged in a plum blossom shape, and a three-dimensional cavity structure is formed between the protrusions, so that sound waves are continuously attenuated in the cavity, achieving the purpose of isolating the transmission of solid sound, thus completing the present utility model.

[0010] Specifically, the purpose of the present utility model is to provide a polyurethane elastic pad for building floor vibration reduction and sound insulation. The elastic pad sequentially includes an EPDM film layer 1, a polyurethane elastic layer 2, and a PVC panel layer 3 from top to bottom;

[0011] Wherein, downwardly protruding protrusions 4 arranged in a plum blossom shape are provided on the lower surface of the polyurethane elastic layer 2 to form a three-dimensional cavity sound absorption structure;

[0012] The polyurethane elastic layer 2 is formed by splicing a plurality of polyurethane elastic blocks. A stepped overlapping mechanism is provided on the polyurethane elastic blocks. The stepped overlapping mechanism includes a female groove 5 formed by concave downward on one side, and also includes a male block 6 formed by protruding outward on the other side;

[0013] The width dimensions of the female groove 5 and the male block 6 are the same, and the depth dimension of the female groove 5 and the thickness dimension of the male block 6 are matched. When the male block 6 overlaps on the female groove 5, the upper and lower surfaces between adjacent two polyurethane elastic blocks are flat and aligned, and the upper surface of the polyurethane elastic layer 2 is integrally smooth and flat.

[0014] Wherein, the upper surface of the female groove 5 and the lower surface of the male block 6 are both slopes with a certain inclination angle;

[0015] From outside to inside, the depth dimension of the female groove 5 gradually increases;

[0016] From outside to inside, the thickness dimension of the male block 6 gradually decreases.

[0017] Wherein, the inclination angle of the slope is 5-10 degrees.

[0018] Wherein, the distance between the central positions of adjacent two protrusions 4 is T;

[0019] The height of the protrusion 4 is h;

[0020] The width dimensions of the female groove 5 and the male block 6 are D;

[0021] The total thickness of the polyurethane elastic layer 2 is H;

[0022] Wherein, the values of T and D are equal;

[0023] h = 2 / 3H;

[0024] h = 0.4T.

[0025] Wherein, the value of the height h of the protrusion 4 is 10mm.

[0026] Wherein, the lowermost end of the outer contour of the protrusion 4 is a lower plane 41, and the lower plane 41 is a circular plane for abutting against the PVC panel layer 3;

[0027] In the outer contour of the protrusion 4, a lower arc surface 42 is smoothly transitionally arranged around the lower plane 41, and the radius dimension of the lower arc surface 42 is R1.

[0028] An upper arc surface 43 is connected above the lower arc surface 42, and the radius dimension of the upper arc surface 43 is R2.

[0029] The uppermost end of the outer contour of the protrusion 4 is an upper plane 44, and the upper arc surface 43 is smoothly transitioned with the upper plane 44.

[0030] Wherein, the radius dimension of the lower arc surface 42 being R1 is the same as that of the upper arc surface 43 being R2, both being 0.6h.

[0031] Wherein, the thickness of the EPDM film layer 1 is 3 - 5 mm;

[0032] The thickness of the PVC panel layer 3 is 2 - 5 mm.

[0033] The present utility model further provides a building floor slab with surface - laid elastic pads. The structure of this building floor slab sequentially includes a 100 - 140 mm thick cast - in - place concrete floor slab 7, an elastic pad, a 40 - 100 mm thick reinforced concrete slab 8, and a decorative layer 9 from bottom to top;

[0034] The elastic pad is the polyurethane elastic pad for vibration reduction and sound insulation of the building floor slab described above.

[0035] The present utility model further provides a building floor slab with point - laid elastic pads.

[0036] The structure of this building floor slab sequentially includes a 100 - 140 mm thick cast - in - place concrete floor slab 7, a 50 - mm thick filling layer, a steel plate and a polyethylene film layer 10, a 40 - 100 mm thick reinforced concrete slab 8, and a decorative layer 9 from bottom to top; wherein, the thickness of the steel plate is 2 mm, and the thickness of the polyethylene film is 0.1 - 0.2 mm;

[0037] The filling layer includes a plurality of spaced - apart elastic blocks 11, and the elastic blocks include 3 - 4 layers of stacked elastic pads;

[0038] Centrifugal glass wool 12 is filled between the elastic blocks;

[0039] The elastic pad is the polyurethane elastic pad for vibration reduction and sound insulation of the building floor slab described above.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the present utility model include:

[0041] (1) The polyurethane elastic pad for reducing vibration and noise isolation of building floors and the building floor on which it is laid provided by the present utility model are provided with a raised structure arranged in a plum blossom shape on the lower surface of the polyurethane elastic layer therein, thereby forming a three-dimensional cavity structure, enabling sound waves to continuously attenuate in the cavity and achieving the purpose of isolating the transmission of solid sound;

[0042] (2) The polyurethane elastic pad for reducing vibration and noise isolation of building floors and the building floor on which it is laid provided by the present utility model, the polyurethane elastic layer therein is made of high-pressure closed-cell foamed polyurethane material, and the estimated service life of the material can reach 60 years, achieving the same service life as the building;

[0043] (3) The polyurethane elastic pad for reducing vibration and noise isolation of building floors and the building floor on which it is laid provided by the present utility model, a stepped lap joint mechanism is arranged on the polyurethane elastic block, so that the end of the laid polyurethane elastic block is a stepped structure, ensuring that after laying, a "sound bridge effect" will not be formed at the joint position. Description of the Drawings

[0044] Figure 1 Schematic diagram showing the overall structure of the polyurethane elastic pad for reducing vibration and noise isolation of building floors;

[0045] Figure 2 Schematic diagram showing the structure when multiple polyurethane elastic pads for reducing vibration and noise isolation of building floors are stacked and arranged;

[0046] Figure 3 Side view showing the polyurethane elastic layer in the polyurethane elastic pad for reducing vibration and noise isolation of building floors;

[0047] Figure 4 Schematic diagram showing the raised structure on the polyurethane elastic layer in the polyurethane elastic pad for reducing vibration and noise isolation of building floors;

[0048] Figure 5 Bottom view showing the polyurethane elastic layer in the polyurethane elastic pad for reducing vibration and noise isolation of building floors;

[0049] Figure 6 Side view showing the lap joint of the polyurethane elastic block in the polyurethane elastic pad for reducing vibration and noise isolation of building floors;

[0050] Figure 7 Top view showing the lap joint of the polyurethane elastic block in the polyurethane elastic pad for reducing vibration and noise isolation of building floors;

[0051] Figure 8 Schematic diagram showing the structure of a building floor with a surface-laid elastic pad;

[0052] Figure 9 Schematic diagram showing the structure of a building floor with a point-laid elastic pad;

[0053] Figure 10Curves showing the coefficient changes of three-dimensional cavities with different depths for different frequency noises.

[0054] Reference numerals

[0055] 1 - EPDM film layer

[0056] 2 - Polyurethane elastic layer

[0057] 3 - PVC panel layer

[0058] 4 - Protrusion

[0059] 41 - Lower plane

[0060] 42 - Lower arc surface

[0061] 43 - Upper arc surface

[0062] 44 - Upper plane

[0063] 5 - Female groove

[0064] 6 - Male block

[0065] 7 - Cast-in-place concrete floor slab

[0066] 8 - Reinforced concrete slab

[0067] 9 - Decorative layer

[0068] 10 - Steel plate and polyethylene film layer

[0069] 11 - Elastic block

[0070] 12 - Centrifugal glass wool Detailed implementation manners

[0071] The present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. Through these descriptions, the features and advantages of the present utility model will become more clear and definite.

[0072] The special term "exemplary" herein means "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration". Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, the drawings do not have to be drawn to scale unless otherwise specified.

[0073] The present utility model provides a polyurethane elastic pad for vibration reduction and sound insulation of building floor slabs, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 shown, the elastic pad sequentially includes an EPDM film layer 1, a polyurethane elastic layer 2, and a PVC panel layer 3 from top to bottom.

[0074] Among them, the EPDM film layer 1 is also called ethylene propylene diene monomer film layer or geotextile layer, which mainly plays roles of protection, puncture prevention and waterproofing; the polyurethane elastic layer 2 can effectively absorb and disperse the vibration energy on the floor slab, improve the vibration damping performance of the floor slab, and at the same time block the propagation of sound waves through the design of the sound insulation structure of the polyurethane elastomer layer, improving the sound insulation performance of the floor slab; the PVC panel layer 3 is also called polyvinyl chloride panel layer, which mainly plays roles of leveling, isolating impurity blockage of the sound insulation space, and waterproof immersion.

[0075] Preferably, when multiple said polyurethane elastic pads need to be stacked and used, only one layer of EPDM film layer 1 can be arranged at the uppermost layer, and the lower polyurethane elastic layer 2 and PVC panel layer 3 are alternately arranged, as Figure 2 shown.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment, as Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, downwardly protruding protrusions 4 arranged in a plum blossom shape are provided on the lower surface of the polyurethane elastic layer 2 to form a three-dimensional cavity sound absorption structure, so that sound waves are continuously attenuated in the cavity, achieving the purpose of isolating the propagation of solid sound. The plum blossom shape arrangement is the Figure 5 alternate arrangement shown.

[0077] Further preferably, the lowermost end of the outer contour of the protrusion 4 is a lower plane 41, and the lower plane 41 is a circular plane for abutting against the PVC panel layer 3;

[0078] In the outer contour of the protrusion 4, a lower arc surface 42 is smoothly arranged around the lower plane 41, and the radius dimension of the lower arc surface 42 is R1,

[0079] An upper arc surface 43 is connected above the lower arc surface 42, and the radius dimension of the upper arc surface 43 is R2,

[0080] The uppermost end of the outer contour of the protrusion 4 is an upper plane 44, and the upper arc surface 43 and the upper plane 44 are smoothly transitioned.

[0081] The applicant found that when the outer contour of the protrusion is as smooth as possible and has a large surface area, the polyurethane elastic layer 2 has a better noise absorption effect. The larger surface area can increase the sound reflection area and improve the sound absorption efficiency. In order to maximize the sound absorption capacity and at the same time take into account the structural strength of the polyurethane elastic layer 2 to ensure that the deformation is minimized during decades of work, and even if there is a small amount of deformation, it does not affect the continuous play of the vibration damping and sound absorption performance; in this application, two arc surfaces, namely the lower arc surface 42 and the upper arc surface 43, are arranged on the outer contour of the protrusion, so that the emission area is as large as possible, and the protrusion 4 and the polyurethane elastic layer 2 both have sufficient structural strength to work continuously and exert their effects.

[0082] Further preferably, the radius dimension of the lower arc surface 42 is the same as that of the upper arc surface 43, both being R1 = R2 = 0.6h; the height of the protrusion 4 is h; in the present application, when the height of the protrusion is in the range of 8-15 mm, the arc surface structure dimensions on the above-mentioned protrusion can bring the best use effect, which can not only have good vibration damping and sound absorption effects, but also have sufficient structural strength and are not easily deformed.

[0083] In a preferred embodiment, as Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, the polyurethane elastic layer 2 is formed by splicing multiple polyurethane elastic blocks, and a stepped overlapping mechanism is provided on the polyurethane elastic blocks. The stepped overlapping mechanism includes a female groove 5 formed by concave on one side, and also includes a male block 6 formed by protruding on the other side;

[0084] The width dimensions of the female groove 5 and the male block 6 are the same, and the depth dimension of the female groove 5 matches the thickness dimension of the male block 6, so that when the male block 6 overlaps on the female groove 5, the upper and lower surfaces between adjacent two polyurethane elastic blocks are flat and aligned, and the upper surface of the polyurethane elastic layer 2 is overall smooth and flat.

[0085] Preferably, the upper surface of the female groove 5 and the lower surface of the male block 6 are both slopes with a certain inclination angle;

[0086] From outside to inside, the depth dimension of the female groove 5 gradually increases;

[0087] From outside to inside, the thickness dimension of the male block 6 gradually decreases.

[0088] Preferably, the inclination angle of the slope is 5-10 degrees.

[0089] In the present application, the overlapping of the joints of the polyurethane elastic blocks adopts the above-mentioned stepped overlapping method to ensure that after laying, the "sound bridge effect" will not be formed at the joint position. The overlapping surface adopts the overlapping method of inclined surfaces, which can make the overlapping joint more firm and avoid the situation of overlapping loosening and separation during the laying process.

[0090] In a preferred embodiment, the height h of the protrusion 4 is taken as 10 mm, and the total thickness of the polyurethane elastic layer 2 is H; h = 2 / 3H; the applicant's research found that when the height of the protrusion 4 is in the range of 0-20 mm, the protrusion with a height of 10 mm has a relatively high sound absorption effect, and the polyurethane elastic layer has relatively high structural strength and reasonable overall dimension layout. That is, when the depth dimension of the three-dimensional cavity sound absorption structure is 10 mm, the sound absorption coefficient is the largest and has the best sound absorption effect. Especially for noises with frequencies below 2000 Hz and around 6000 Hz, the sound absorption coefficient of the 10 mm deep cavity sound absorption structure is the best; as Figure 10As shown in Figure 10 Figure 2 shows the coefficient change curves of the three-dimensional cavities with different depths for noises with different frequencies.

[0091] The distance between the central positions of two adjacent protrusions 4 is T; h = 0.4T. This numerical setting makes the volume size of the three-dimensional cavity sound absorption structure moderate, enabling the sound absorption effect to reach the best state.

[0092] Preferably, the width dimensions of the female groove 5 and the male block 6 are D, and the values of T and D are equal. This dimension design can ensure that the lapping mechanism has sufficient friction, the adjacent two polyurethane elastic blocks are tightly connected, there will be no crosstalk during the laying process, and no "sound bridge effect" will be formed at the joint position. Moreover, since the width dimension is relatively small compared to the polyurethane elastic block, it will not affect the overall strength of the polyurethane elastic layer 2.

[0093] In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the EPDM film layer 1 is 3 - 5 mm. The EPDM film layer with this thickness dimension can meet the requirements of puncture resistance and waterproof function in actual construction; the thickness of the PVC panel layer 3 is 2 - 5 mm. The PVC panel layer with this thickness dimension can play the roles of leveling, isolating impurity blockage of the sound insulation space, and waterproof immersion in actual construction.

[0094] The present invention also provides a building floor with surface-laid elastic pads, as Figure 8 shown in. The building floor structure includes a 100 - 140 mm thick cast-in-place concrete floor slab 7, an elastic pad, a 40 - 100 mm thick reinforced concrete slab 8, and a decorative layer 9 from bottom to top; the elastic pad is the polyurethane elastic pad for vibration reduction and sound insulation of the building floor described above; the building floor with surface-laid elastic pads can reduce the improvement amount of the weighted impact sound pressure level by 21 - 35 dB.

[0095] The present invention also provides a building floor with point-laid elastic pads, as Figure 9 shown in. The building floor structure includes a 100 - 140 mm thick cast-in-place concrete floor slab 7, a 50 mm thick filling layer, a steel plate and a polyethylene film layer 10, a 40 - 100 mm thick reinforced concrete slab 8, and a decorative layer 9 from bottom to top; wherein, the thickness of the steel plate is 2 mm, and the thickness of the polyethylene film is 0.1 - 0.2 mm;

[0096] The filling layer includes a plurality of spaced elastic blocks 11, and each elastic block includes 3 - 4 layers of stacked elastic pads; centrifugal glass wool 12 is filled between the elastic blocks; the elastic pad is the polyurethane elastic pad for vibration reduction and sound insulation of the building floor described above. The building floor with point-laid elastic pads can reduce the improvement amount of the weighted impact sound pressure level by up to 38 dB.

[0097] The above description of the present utility model has been made in combination with preferred embodiments, but these embodiments are only exemplary and serve only an illustrative role. On this basis, various substitutions and improvements can be made to the present utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A polyurethane elastic pad for vibration reduction and sound insulation of building floors, characterized in that: The elastic pad comprises, from top to bottom, an EPDM film layer (1), a polyurethane elastic layer (2) and a PVC panel layer (3); Wherein, a downwardly protruding protrusion (4) arranged in a plum blossom shape is provided on the lower surface of the polyurethane elastic layer (2), forming a three-dimensional cavity sound absorption structure; The polyurethane elastic layer (2) is formed by splicing a plurality of polyurethane elastic blocks, and a staggered overlapping mechanism is provided on the polyurethane elastic block, wherein the staggered overlapping mechanism comprises a female groove (5) formed by being concave on one side, and a male block (6) formed by being protruding on the other side; The width dimensions of the female groove (5) and the male block (6) are consistent, and the depth dimension of the female groove (5) matches the thickness dimension of the male block (6), so that when the male block (6) is overlapped on the female groove (5), the upper and lower surfaces of two adjacent polyurethane elastic blocks are flat and aligned, and the upper surface of the polyurethane elastic layer (2) is smooth and flat as a whole.

2. The polyurethane elastic pad for vibration reduction and sound insulation of building floors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the female groove (5) and the lower surface of the male block (6) are both slopes with a certain inclination angle; From outside to inside, the depth of the negative groove (5) gradually increases; From outside to inside, the thickness of the male block (6) gradually decreases.

3. The polyurethane elastic pad for vibration reduction and sound insulation of building floors according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slope has an inclination angle of 5-10 degrees.

4. The polyurethane elastic pad for vibration reduction and sound insulation of building floors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the center positions of two adjacent protrusions (4) is T; The height of the protrusion (4) is h; The width dimension of the female groove (5) and the male block (6) is D; The total thickness of the polyurethane elastic layer (2) is H; Among them, the values ​​of T and D are equal; h = 2 / 3H; h=0.4T.

5. The polyurethane elastic pad for vibration reduction and sound insulation of building floors according to claim 4, characterized in that: The height h of the protrusion (4) is 10 mm.

6. The polyurethane elastic pad for vibration reduction and sound insulation of building floors according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom end of the outer contour of the protrusion (4) is a lower plane (41), and the lower plane (41) is a circular plane for abutting against the PVC panel layer (3); In the outer contour of the protrusion (4), a lower arc surface (42) is smoothly arranged around the lower plane (41), and the radius of the lower arc surface (42) is R1. An upper curved surface (43) is connected above the lower curved surface (42), and the radius of the upper curved surface (43) is R2. The most fixed end of the outer contour of the protrusion (4) is an upper plane (44), and the upper arc surface (43) and the upper plane (44) are smoothly transitioned.

7. The polyurethane elastic pad for vibration reduction and sound insulation of building floors according to claim 6, characterized in that: The radius size R1 of the lower arc surface (42) is consistent with the radius size R2 of the upper arc surface (43), both of which are 0.6h.

8. The polyurethane elastic pad for vibration reduction and sound insulation of building floors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the EPDM film layer (1) is 3 to 5 mm; The thickness of the PVC panel layer (3) is 2 to 5 mm.

9. A building floor paved with a polyurethane elastic pad for vibration reduction and sound insulation, characterized in that: The building floor structure comprises, from bottom to top, a 100-140 mm thick cast-in-place concrete floor (7), an elastic pad, a 40-100 mm thick reinforced concrete slab (8) and a decorative layer (9); The elastic pad is a polyurethane elastic pad for vibration reduction and sound insulation of building floors as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A building floor with polyurethane elastic pads for vibration reduction and sound insulation, characterized in that: The building floor structure comprises, from bottom to top, a 100-140 mm thick cast-in-place concrete floor (7), a 50 mm thick filling layer, a steel plate and a polyethylene film layer (10), a 40-100 mm thick reinforced concrete slab (8) and a decorative layer (9); wherein the thickness of the steel plate is 2 mm, and the thickness of the polyethylene film is 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm; The filling layer comprises a plurality of elastic blocks (11) arranged at intervals, and the elastic blocks comprise 3-4 layers of elastic pads stacked one above the other; Filling the space between the elastic blocks with centrifugal glass wool (12); The elastic pad is a polyurethane elastic pad for vibration reduction and sound insulation of building floors as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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