Shield tunneling machine material cabin door opening and closing device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of shield tunneling machine material cabins, in particular to a shield tunneling machine material cabin door opening and closing device which comprises a barrel, a cabin door, a locking assembly and a self-locking assembly, the cabin door is hinged to the end of the barrel, the locking assembly is fixedly installed at the radial position of the barrel, and the self-locking assembly is axially installed on the cabin door. The locking assembly comprises a bearing seat, a rotating shaft, an arc-shaped rack and a locking ring, the bearing seat is fixedly installed above the barrel, the rotating shaft is axially and rotatably installed in the bearing seat, the end, close to the bearing seat, of the rotating shaft is a stepped shaft, and a gear is fixedly installed on the circumferential face, away from the bearing seat, of the rotating shaft; an arc-shaped rack is meshed below the gear in the radial direction, and a locking ring is fixedly installed below the arc-shaped rack in the radial direction and rotationally installed on the outer side of the cabin door in the radial direction. The cabin door is locked during abnormal pressure relief, and the technical problem that accidents occur due to the fact that the cabin door is opened when the pressures on the two sides of the cabin door are unbalanced due to misoperation is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of underground tunnel construction equipment, and particularly relates to a shield machine material cabin door opening and closing device. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing number of underground projects in China, the use of shield machines is becoming more and more widespread. During the construction process of a shield machine, the cutter head often gets stuck and needs to be repaired in the excavation chamber, or the cutters are severely worn and need to be replaced in the excavation chamber. Many workers transport tools and cutters through the personnel cabin. Because the personnel cabin is large and requires pressurization and depressurization to pass through, the transportation process is very cumbersome, time-consuming, and seriously affects the pressure in the excavation chamber, having an adverse impact on the entire construction. Many shield machines are equipped with a small-sized material cabin for transporting only materials such as cutters to the excavation chamber. Using the material cabin also requires a pressurization and depressurization process. To ensure the airtightness of the cabin, the cabin door is usually very heavy and not easy to open. Moreover, if there is a misoperation and the cabin door is opened when the pressures on both sides of the cabin door are unbalanced, very serious hazards will occur.

[0003] Therefore, developing a shield machine material cabin door opening and closing device that is more convenient for opening and closing the cabin door, ensuring the sealing performance, and at the same time avoiding the danger of accidentally opening the cabin door will be of great significance. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model: The existing cabin door is prone to misoperation and is opened when the pressures on both sides of the cabin door are unbalanced, causing hazards. To solve this problem, the utility model provides a shield machine material cabin door opening and closing device, which can ensure the airtightness of the material cabin in a high-pressure environment, prevent it from being accidentally opened, and can easily open and close the cabin door after the pressures on both sides of the cabin door are balanced.

[0005] The utility model provides the following technical solutions: A shield machine material cabin door opening and closing device includes a cylinder body, a cabin door, a locking assembly, and a self-locking assembly. The cabin door is hinged to the end of the cylinder body. The locking assembly is fixedly installed at the radial position of the cylinder body. The locking assembly locks the cabin door by rotating and engaging it. The self-locking assembly is axially installed on the cabin door. The self-locking assembly is used to perform secondary locking through the pressure inside the cabin door after the locking assembly locks the cabin door.

[0006] The locking assembly includes a bearing seat, a rotating shaft, an arc-shaped rack, and a locking ring. The bearing seat is fixedly installed above the cylinder body. The rotating shaft is axially rotatably installed inside the bearing seat. The end of the rotating shaft close to the bearing seat is a stepped shaft. A gear is fixedly installed on the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft far from the bearing seat. A rotating part is provided at the end of the rotating shaft far from the bearing seat. The arc-shaped rack meshes with the gear radially below. The locking ring is fixedly installed radially below the arc-shaped rack. The locking ring is rotatably installed on the radial outside of the cabin door.

[0007] The self-locking assembly includes a fixed block, a guide cover, a piston, a cylinder block and a safety valve. A fixed block is fixedly installed on the outer side in the axial direction of the locking ring. A cylinder block is fixedly installed on the outer edge of the hatch door. A piston is slidably installed in the cylinder block. A guide cover is fixedly installed on the upper part of the cylinder block. The piston moves up and down along the guide cover. A safety valve is fixedly installed on the lower part of the cylinder block.

[0008] A groove is provided above the cylinder body. The inside of the locking ring is an annular groove. One side edge of the locking ring is embedded in the groove on the edge of the cylinder body. The other side edge of the locking ring is circumferentially and staggeredly arrayed with first protrusions and notches. The inner side of the first protrusion is wedge-shaped. The first protrusion is located on the outer side in the axial direction of the hatch door. When the locking ring rotates to the closed position, it can clamp the edges of the cylinder body and the hatch door.

[0009] The outer edge of the hatch door is circumferentially and staggeredly arrayed with second protrusions and notches that match the locking ring. The outer side of the second protrusion is wedge-shaped and matches the first protrusion of the locking ring. By rotating the locking ring so that its notch turns to the second protrusion of the hatch door, the hatch door can be opened.

[0010] An air hole communicating with each other is provided between the hatch door and the cylinder block. The inside of the piston is hollow. The outer diameter of the lower part of the piston matches the inner diameter of the cylinder bore. The outer diameter of the upper part of the piston matches the inner diameter of the guide cover. A long hole matching the upper part of the piston is provided inside the fixed block.

[0011] An air path for the safety valve is provided inside the cylinder block. A stepped round hole is provided in the air path in a direction perpendicular to the air hole. The shape of the upper part of the stepped round hole matches the installation of the guide cover. The shape of the lower part of the stepped round hole matches the installation of the safety valve.

[0012] The rotating part is in the shape of a regular polyhedron, so as to match common wrench tools. The length of the arc-shaped rack satisfies the rotation stroke of the locking ring when the hatch door is opened and closed.

[0013] The contact surfaces between the hatch door and the cylinder body, between the locking ring and the groove, between the guide cover and the cylinder block, between the piston and the guide cover, and between the air hole of the hatch door and the cylinder block are all sealed connections.

[0014] The beneficial effects brought by the present utility model are:

[0015] 1. The shaft can be rotated by a common wrench, so that the gear meshes with the arc-shaped rack, driving the locking ring to rotate, and the hatch door can be opened and locked, avoiding the phenomenon that the locking ring cannot be rotated manually. The hatch door and the cylinder body are provided with connecting air holes. When the pressure in the cabin increases, the piston moves upward under the push of the gas, inserts into the fixed block, and locks the hatch door, avoiding the danger of opening the hatch door by mistake; when the pressure in the cabin is reduced to a safe value, open the safety valve to release the air, the piston falls automatically, and is pulled out of the fixed block, releasing the self-locking mode, which is convenient for opening the hatch door later. The setting of multiple seals ensures the sealing of the material cabin, making the performance of the material cabin safe and reliable. The use of the safety valve ensures that under abnormal pressure relief conditions, the piston can still lock the hatch door and will not open automatically, thereby enhancing safety.

[0016] 2. The utility model has a simple structure and strong practicability, can be widely used in the field of underground tunnel construction equipment, and produces good benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model in an open state of the hatch;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model in a closed state of the hatch;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the first protrusion and the second protrusion are in contact when the hatch of the utility model is in a closed state.

[0022] In the figure: 1, cylinder; 11, groove; 2, hatch; 21, second protrusion; 3, locking assembly; 31, bearing seat; 32, rotating shaft; 33, arc-shaped rack; 34, locking ring; 341, stepped shaft; 342, gear; 343, rotating part; 344, annular groove; 345, first protrusion; 4, self-locking assembly; 41, fixing block; 42, cylinder; 43, piston; 44, guide cover; 45, safety valve; 46, air hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are only a part rather than all of the embodiments of the present utility model. Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present utility model below is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present utility model, but merely represents some embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0025] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "rear", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or the orientation or positional relationship in which the inventive product is customarily placed during use. Such terms are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

[0026] It should also be noted that in the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "set", "installed", "connected", "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0027] The embodiments of the present disclosure aim to solve the problem that the existing hatch door is prone to misoperation and may cause harm when the hatch door is opened when the pressure on both sides of the hatch door is unbalanced. In view of this, the embodiments of the present disclosure propose a shield machine material hatch door opening and closing device, including a cylinder body 1, a hatch door 2, a locking assembly 3 and a self-locking assembly 4. The end of the cylinder body 1 is hinged with a hatch door 2 through a hinge. The locking assembly 3 is fixedly installed at the radial position of the cylinder body 1. The locking assembly 3 locks the hatch door 2 by rotating and engaging it. The self-locking assembly 4 is axially installed on the hatch door 2. After the locking assembly 3 locks the hatch door 2, the self-locking assembly 4 performs secondary locking through the pressure inside the hatch door 2;

[0028] The locking assembly 3 includes a bearing seat 31, a rotating shaft 32, an arc-shaped rack 33 and a locking ring 34. The bearing seat 31 is fixedly installed above the cylinder body 1. The rotating shaft 32 is axially rotatably installed in the bearing seat 31. The end of the rotating shaft 32 close to the bearing seat 31 is a stepped shaft 341. A gear 342 is fixedly installed on the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 32 far from the bearing seat 31. A rotating part 343 is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft 32 far from the bearing seat 31. The arc-shaped rack 33 is engaged with the gear 342 radially below. The locking ring 34 is fixedly installed radially below the arc-shaped rack 33. The locking ring 34 is rotatably installed on the radial outer side of the hatch door 2.

[0029] The self-locking assembly 4 includes a fixed block 41, a guide cover 44, a piston 43, a cylinder block 42 and a safety valve 45. The fixed block 41 is fixedly installed on the axial outer side of the locking ring 34. The cylinder block 42 is fixedly installed on the outer edge of the hatch door 2. The piston 43 is slidably installed in the cylinder block 42. The guide cover 44 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the cylinder block 42. The piston 43 moves up and down along the guide cover 44. The safety valve 45 is fixedly installed on the lower part of the cylinder block 42.

[0030] A groove 11 is formed above the cylinder body 1. The inside of the locking ring 34 is an annular groove 344. One side edge of the locking ring 34 is embedded in the groove 11 on the edge of the cylinder body 1. The other side edge of the locking ring 34 is circumferentially and staggeredly arrayed with first protrusions 345 and first notches. The inner side of the first protrusions 345 is wedge-shaped. The first protrusions 345 are located on the axial outer side of the hatch door 2. When the locking ring 34 rotates to the closed position, it can clamp the edges of the cylinder body 1 and the hatch door 2.

[0031] The outer edge of the hatch door 2 is circumferentially and staggeredly arrayed with second protrusions 21 and second notches that match the locking ring 34. The outer side of the second protrusions 21 is wedge-shaped and matches the first protrusions 345 of the locking ring 34. By rotating the locking ring 34 so that its first notch turns to the position of the second protrusion 21 of the hatch door 2, the hatch door 2 can be opened.

[0032] By rotating the locking ring 34 to make the first protrusions 345 coincide with the wedge-shaped surfaces of the second protrusions 21, the edges of the cylinder body 1 and the hatch door 2 can be clamped; by rotating the locking ring 34 so that its first notch turns to the position of the second protrusion 21 of the hatch door 2, the hatch door 2 can be opened.

[0033] An air hole 46 communicating with each other is formed between the hatch door 2 and the cylinder block 42, so that the inside of the cylinder body 1 and the cylinder block 42 is communicated through the air hole 46. The inside of the piston 43 is hollow. The outer diameter of the lower part of the piston 43 matches the inner hole diameter of the cylinder block 42. The outer diameter of the upper part of the piston 43 matches the inner hole diameter of the guide cover 44. A long hole matching the upper part of the piston 43 is formed inside the fixed block 41.

[0034] An air passage for the safety valve 45 is provided inside the cylinder block 42. A stepped round hole is provided in a direction perpendicular to the air hole 46. The upper shape of the stepped round hole matches the installation of the guide cover 44, and the lower shape of the stepped round hole matches the installation of the safety valve 45. Thus, the upper part of the stepped round hole is blocked by the guide cover 44, and the lower part discharges gas through the safety valve 45, so that the piston 43 falls and gets stuck on the hole shoulder without blocking the air hole 46.

[0035] The rotating part 343 is a regular polyhedron shape, so that it can match common wrench tools, and thus it is convenient for manual opening or closing of the hatch 2. The length of the arc-shaped rack 33 satisfies the rotation stroke of the locking ring 34 when the hatch 2 is opened and closed.

[0036] The contact surfaces between the hatch 2 and the cylinder body 1, between the locking ring 34 and the groove 11, between the guide cover 44 and the cylinder block 42, between the piston 43 and the guide cover 44, and between the hatch 2 and the air hole 46 of the cylinder block 42 are all sealed connections. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, a sealing ring is used for sealing. In addition, other technologies capable of achieving sealing in the prior art can also be used for sealing.

[0037] The working process of the present utility model is as follows: When it is necessary to close the hatch 2 for material transportation, the wrench is used to rotate the rotating shaft 32, the gear 342 meshes with the arc-shaped rack 33 for transmission, and then drives the locking ring 34 to rotate clockwise, so that the first protrusion 345 of the locking ring 34 coincides with the wedge surface of the second protrusion 21 of the hatch 2. The locking ring 34 clamps the cylinder body 1 and the edge of the hatch 2, and when the fixing block 41 rotates to the upper part of the piston 43, the rotation stops, and the material cabin is pressurized. When the pressure in the material cabin increases, the compressed air jacks up the piston 43 through the air hole 46, so that the piston 43 is inserted into the fixing block 41 to lock the hatch 2 and prevent the hatch 2 from being accidentally opened, causing danger. When the pressure in the material cabin reaches equilibrium with the pressure in the front excavation cabin, the passage front door located in the excavation cabin can be opened for material transportation. Through the use of the safety valve 45, in the case of abnormal pressure relief, the piston 43 can still lock the hatch 2, enhancing safety.

[0038] When it is necessary to open the hatch 2 to take out the waste materials, the material cabin is depressurized. After the pressure reaches the safety value, the safety valve 45 is opened for pressure relief, and the piston 43 falls by itself to release the self-locking mode. After the pressure inside and outside the material cabin is balanced, the wrench is used to rotate the rotating shaft 32 in the reverse direction, the gear 342 meshes with the arc-shaped rack 33 for transmission, and then drives the locking ring 34 to rotate counterclockwise. When the notch part of the locking ring 34 rotates to the second protrusion 21 part of the hatch 2, the hatch 2 can be opened to take out the items in the cabin.

[0039] Those skilled in the art should understand that the present utility model is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principle of the present utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model, the present utility model will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present utility model claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A shield machine material hatch opening and closing device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cylinder (1), a cabin door (2), a locking assembly (3) and a self-locking assembly (4), wherein the cabin door (2) is hingedly connected to the end of the cylinder (1), the locking assembly (3) is fixedly mounted at a radial position of the cylinder (1), the locking assembly (3) is locked by rotating to engage the cabin door (2), the self-locking assembly (4) is axially mounted on the cabin door (2), and the self-locking assembly (4) is used to lock the cabin door (2) by being driven by the pressure inside the cabin door (2) after the locking assembly (3) locks the cabin door (2); The locking assembly (3) comprises a bearing seat (31), a rotating shaft (32), an arc-shaped rack (33) and a locking ring (34); the bearing seat (31) is fixedly mounted above the cylinder (1); the rotating shaft (32) is axially rotatably mounted in the bearing seat (31); the end of the rotating shaft (32) close to the bearing seat (31) is a stepped shaft (341); a gear (342) is fixedly mounted on the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft (32) away from the bearing seat (31); a rotating portion (343) is provided at the end of the rotating shaft (32) away from the bearing seat (31); the gear (342) is meshed with an arc-shaped rack (33) radially below; a locking ring (34) is fixedly mounted radially below the arc-shaped rack (33); and the locking ring (34) is rotatably mounted on the radial outer side of the hatch (2).

2. A shield machine material hatch opening and closing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-locking assembly (4) comprises a fixed block (41), a guide cover (44), a piston (43), a cylinder body (42) and a safety valve (45); the fixed block (41) is fixedly mounted axially outwardly of the locking ring (34); the cylinder body (42) is fixedly mounted on the outer edge of the hatch (2); the piston (43) is slidably mounted in the cylinder body (42); the guide cover (44) is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the cylinder body (42); the piston (43) moves up and down along the guide cover (44); and the safety valve (45) is fixedly mounted on the lower part of the cylinder body (42).

3. A shield machine material hatch opening and closing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A groove (11) is formed on the top of the cylinder (1), and an annular groove (344) is formed inside the locking ring (34). An edge of one side of the locking ring (34) is embedded in the groove (11) at the edge of the cylinder (1), and an edge of the other side of the locking ring (34) has first protrusions (345) and first notches in a circumferentially staggered array, wherein the inner side of the first protrusion (345) is wedge-shaped, and the first protrusion (345) is located axially outside the hatch (2); The outer edge of the hatch (2) has a second protrusion (21) and a second notch that match the locking ring (34) in a circumferentially staggered array, and the outer side of the second protrusion (21) is a wedge-shaped protrusion that matches the first protrusion (345) of the locking ring (34).

4. A shield machine material hatch opening and closing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: An air hole (46) communicating with each other is provided between the hatch (2) and the cylinder body (42); the interior of the piston (43) is hollow; and the interior of the fixing block (41) is provided with a long hole matching the upper portion of the piston (43).

5. A shield machine material hatch opening and closing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: An air path is opened inside the cylinder body (42), and a stepped circular hole is opened in the air path in a direction perpendicular to the air hole (46).

6. A shield machine material hatch opening and closing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating portion (343) is in the shape of a regular polyhedron, and the length of the arc-shaped rack (33) satisfies the rotation stroke of the locking ring (34) when the cabin door (2) is opened and closed.

7. A shield machine material hatch opening and closing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The contact surface between the hatch (2) and the cylinder (1), the contact surface between the locking ring (34) and the groove (11), the contact surface between the guide cover (44) and the cylinder (42), the contact surface between the piston (43) and the guide cover (44), and the contact surface between the hatch (2) and the air hole (46) of the cylinder (42) are all sealed.

Images