Heat exchanger structure and air-cooled heat pump unit

Abstract

The utility model relates to a heat exchanger structure and an air-cooled heat pump unit, and the heat exchanger structure comprises a shell assembly which is provided with a plurality of opening parts; the multiple sets of heat exchange pipe fittings are installed in the shell assembly, are sequentially arranged in the vertical direction and communicate with the corresponding opening parts; the liquid distribution mechanisms are arranged above the multiple sets of heat exchange pipe fittings and connected with the shell assembly, the liquid distribution mechanisms communicate with the corresponding opening parts so as to supplement liquid refrigerants, and the liquid distribution mechanisms are used for spraying the liquid refrigerants to the corresponding heat exchange pipe fittings; the liquid uniformizing mechanism is connected with the shell assembly and arranged among the multiple sets of heat exchange pipe fittings, the liquid uniformizing mechanism is used for collecting the liquid refrigerant on the upper portion, and the liquid refrigerant drips to the heat exchange pipe fittings on the lower portion through the liquid uniformizing mechanism; the liquid collecting and guiding part is connected with the liquid homogenizing mechanism and used for collecting the liquid refrigerant, and the liquid refrigerant is discharged through the corresponding opening part; and the gas uniformizing piece is arranged on the liquid distribution mechanism and used for evenly distributing the gaseous refrigerant in the preset direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of heat exchange technology, and in particular to a heat exchanger structure and an air-cooled heat pump unit. Background Art

[0002] Shell and tube heat exchangers have been widely used in many industries such as chemical industry, food, refrigeration, etc. due to their simple structure, low cost and high safety. Especially in air-cooled heat pump units, shell and tube heat exchangers need to meet both summer cooling and winter heating requirements, and they need to adapt to cooling conditions as evaporators and heating conditions as condensers.

[0003] In the related art, the types of heat exchangers commonly used in air-cooled heat pump units include dry evaporators and flooded shell and tube evaporators. When cooling, the dry evaporator evaporates by boiling in the tube, and the refrigerant filling amount is small. When heating, it exchanges heat by condensation in the tube. Although it can take into account both cooling and heating conditions, its overall heat exchange efficiency is relatively low because the heat transfer effect of phase change in the tube is far less than that of phase change outside the tube.

[0004] The flooded evaporator uses the pool boiling heat exchange principle under refrigeration conditions. The heat exchange tubes are immersed in liquid refrigerant to produce nucleate boiling, and the evaporation efficiency is much higher than that of the dry evaporator. However, this evaporation heat exchange method requires the evaporator tube bundle to be completely immersed in liquid refrigerant, resulting in a large refrigerant charge and difficulty in oil return. Under condensing conditions, excess refrigerant will occupy part of the heat exchange area, affecting the condensation heat exchange effect. Therefore, additional devices are required to recover the refrigerant, which makes the system control complicated when switching between cooling and heating conditions. Utility Model Content

[0005] The present application provides a heat exchanger structure and an air-cooled heat pump unit, which have high heat exchange efficiency and relatively simple system control when switching between cooling and heating working conditions.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present application provides a heat exchanger structure, including: a shell assembly, which is provided with a plurality of openings; a plurality of groups of heat exchange pipes, which are installed in the shell assembly and arranged in sequence along the vertical direction and connected to the corresponding openings; a liquid distribution mechanism, which is arranged above the plurality of groups of heat exchange pipes and connected to the shell assembly, the liquid distribution mechanism is connected to the corresponding openings to replenish liquid refrigerant, and the liquid distribution mechanism is used to spray liquid refrigerant to the corresponding heat exchange pipes; a liquid equalizing mechanism, which is connected to the shell assembly and arranged between the plurality of groups of heat exchange pipes, the liquid equalizing mechanism is used to collect the liquid refrigerant above, and the liquid refrigerant drips to the heat exchange pipes below through the liquid equalizing mechanism; a liquid collecting and guiding member, which is connected to the liquid equalizing mechanism and is used to collect the liquid refrigerant, and the liquid refrigerant is discharged through the corresponding openings; and a gas equalizing member, which is arranged on the liquid distribution mechanism, and the gas equalizing member is used to distribute the gaseous refrigerant evenly along a preset direction.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the liquid distribution mechanism includes a first liquid distribution component, a second liquid distribution component, and a connection component. The first liquid distribution component and the second liquid distribution component are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction. The first liquid distribution component is used to collect the liquid refrigerant, and the liquid refrigerant drips through the first liquid distribution component onto the corresponding heat exchange pipe fittings below. The second liquid distribution component is used to collect the liquid refrigerant, and the liquid refrigerant drips through the second liquid distribution component onto the corresponding heat exchange pipe fittings below. The first liquid distribution component is connected to the second liquid distribution component through the connection component, so that the excess liquid refrigerant in the first liquid distribution component is discharged to the second liquid distribution component.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the first liquid distribution component includes a first liquid distribution tray, a first baffle, and a first overflow member. The first liquid distribution tray is provided with a first overflow channel and a plurality of first liquid dripping through holes. The first overflow member is arranged at the first overflow channel, and the liquid refrigerant drips through the first liquid dripping through holes. The first baffle is arranged around the first liquid distribution tray.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the first overflow member includes a first annular baffle. The first annular baffle has an upper end portion and a lower end portion. The lower end portion is connected to the first liquid distribution tray, and the upper end portion is stepped.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the height of the upper end portion increases sequentially from the middle of the first annular baffle to both sides.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the second liquid distribution component includes a second liquid distribution tray, a second baffle, and at least one liquid distribution and guiding member. The second liquid distribution tray is provided with at least one guiding channel and a plurality of second liquid dripping through holes. The liquid distribution and guiding member is arranged at the corresponding guiding channel, and the liquid refrigerant drips through the second liquid dripping through holes. The second baffle is arranged around the second liquid distribution tray.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the liquid collection and guiding member includes a liquid collection plate and a liquid collection member. The liquid collection plate is provided with a liquid collection channel and at least one drainage port. The drainage port is arranged corresponding to the liquid distribution and guiding member, and the liquid collection member is arranged at the liquid collection channel.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the liquid collection plate includes a main board, a first support board, and a second support board. The liquid collection channel and the drainage port are arranged on the main board. The first support board and the second support board are respectively arranged on both sides of the main board. The first support board and / or the second support board are inclined relative to the main board, so that a first preset angle is formed between the first support board and / or the second support board and the main board.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the liquid distribution mechanism includes a liquid distribution member, which forms a receiving cavity. The receiving cavity communicates with the corresponding opening portion. The liquid distribution member is provided with a plurality of liquid distribution holes, and the plurality of liquid distribution holes communicate with the receiving cavity.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the gas equalizing member includes two gas equalizing plates, and the two gas equalizing plates are symmetrically arranged on the liquid distribution mechanism. The gas equalizing plate includes a bottom plate and a folding plate. The bottom plate is connected to the liquid distribution mechanism, and there is a second preset angle between the bottom plate and the folding plate. A plurality of gas equalizing holes are provided on the folding plate.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the multiple groups of heat exchange pipe fittings include a first heat exchange pipe fitting, a second heat exchange pipe fitting, and a third heat exchange pipe fitting arranged in sequence along the vertical direction. The first heat exchange pipe fitting is arranged below the liquid distribution mechanism, the second heat exchange pipe fitting is arranged below the first liquid equalizing component, and the third heat exchange pipe fitting is arranged below the second liquid equalizing component.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the shell assembly includes a shell portion, which has a first receiving space, a second receiving space, and a third receiving space arranged in sequence along its axis direction. The second receiving space and the third receiving space communicate with the corresponding opening portions respectively. Among them, multiple groups of the heat exchange pipe fittings are arranged in the second receiving space, and the third receiving space communicates with the first receiving space through the heat exchange pipe fittings.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the shell portion includes a cylinder body, a first side plate, a second side plate, a first side cover, and a second side cover. The inner cavity of the cylinder body is configured as the second receiving space. The first side plate and the second side plate are respectively arranged on both sides of the cylinder body along the axis direction of the shell portion to enclose the second receiving space. The first side cover is buckled to the first side plate, and the first receiving space is constructed between the first side cover and the first side plate. The second side cover is buckled to the second side plate, and the third receiving space is constructed between the second side cover and the second side plate.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the shell assembly further includes at least one support, and the support is connected to the shell portion.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the shell assembly further includes a support member, and the support member is used to support the multiple groups of heat exchange pipe fittings, the liquid distribution mechanism, and the liquid equalizing mechanism.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the support member includes a plurality of support plates and a plurality of connecting rods. The plurality of support plates are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the heat exchanger structure, and the plurality of support plates are connected by the plurality of connecting rods; wherein, the support plate is provided with a plurality of avoidance portions.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the opening portion at least includes: a heat exchange refrigerant outlet, a heat exchange refrigerant inlet, a liquid refrigerant inlet, a liquid refrigerant outlet, a gaseous refrigerant inlet, and a gaseous refrigerant outlet.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present application provides an air-cooled heat pump unit, including a unit body and the heat exchanger structure as described in the first aspect, and the heat exchange structure is installed on the unit body.

[0024] The above technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application have the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0025] In the refrigeration mode, through the liquid equalizing mechanism, the heat exchanger structure and the air-cooled heat pump unit provided by the embodiments of the present application effectively solve the problem of excessive liquid supply that may occur in the heat exchange pipe fittings in the related art, ensure that the liquid refrigerant is more evenly distributed on the surface of the heat exchange pipe fittings, avoid local liquid film being too thick, and improve the heat exchange efficiency. The evenly distributed refrigerant liquid film significantly improves the falling film evaporation efficiency of the overall heat exchange pipe fittings, thereby enhancing the performance of the heat exchanger structure under refrigeration conditions. When entering the condensation condition, the gas equalizing member is used to evenly distribute the gaseous refrigerant around the heat exchange pipe fittings, promoting the full contact between the gaseous refrigerant and the heat exchange pipe fittings and accelerating the heat and cold exchange process. As the gaseous refrigerant condenses into a liquid, the liquid collecting and guiding member can collect and discharge the condensate at a fixed point, avoiding the condensate directly dripping onto the surface of the heat exchange pipe fittings, effectively preventing the attenuation of the condensation performance caused by the too thick liquid film, and significantly improving the overall condensation heat transfer performance. Through the optimization of the refrigeration and condensation conditions, the heat exchanger structure successfully achieves the dual goals of high-efficiency falling film evaporation and high-efficiency condensation, meeting the high-efficiency heat exchange requirements of the air-cooled heat pump unit under different conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings here are incorporated into the specification and form a part of this specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present invention and used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present invention.

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0028] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example in the corresponding drawings, and these illustrative descriptions do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are represented as similar elements, unless otherwise stated, and the figures in the drawings do not constitute a scale limitation.

[0029] Figure 1 FIG. [Structure diagram of a heat exchange structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 FIG. [Structure diagram of the heat exchange structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 FIG. [Layout diagram of the heat exchange pipe fittings provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 FIG. [Structure diagram of the liquid distribution mechanism and the liquid equalization mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 5 FIG. [Structure diagram of the liquid distribution mechanism and the liquid equalization mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 6 FIG. [Structure diagram of the support member provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 7 FIG. [Structure diagram of the first liquid equalization component provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 8 FIG. [Structure diagram of the first overflow member provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 9 FIG. [Structure diagram of the first overflow member provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 10 FIG. [Structure diagram of the second liquid equalization component provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 11 FIG. [Structure diagram of the liquid collection and diversion member provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 12 FIG. [Structure diagram of the liquid collection and diversion member provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 13 FIG. [Structure diagram of the gas equalization member provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Description of reference numerals:

[0043] 1. Shell component; 11. Opening; 111. Heat exchange refrigerant outlet; 112. Heat exchange refrigerant inlet; 113. Liquid refrigerant inlet; 114. Liquid refrigerant outlet; 115. Gaseous refrigerant inlet; 116. Gaseous refrigerant outlet; 12. Shell part; 121. Cylinder body; 122. First side plate; 123. Second side plate; 124. First side cover; 125. Second side cover; 13. Support; 14. Support member; 141. Support plate; 1411. Avoidance through hole; 1412. Avoidance through groove; 1413. Avoidance groove; 1414. Avoidance vertical groove; 142. Connecting rod; 2. Heat exchange pipe fitting; 21. First heat exchange pipe fitting; 211. First heat exchange pipe body; 22. Second heat exchange pipe fitting; 221. Second heat exchange pipe body; 23. Third heat exchange pipe fitting; 231. First sub-heat exchange pipe body; 232. Second sub-heat exchange pipe body; 3. Liquid distribution mechanism; 31. Liquid distribution part; 32. Accommodation cavity; 33. Connection port; 4. Liquid equalization mechanism; 41. First liquid equalization assembly; 411. First liquid equalization plate; 4111. First overflow channel; 4112. First dripping through hole; 412. First baffle; 413. First overflow member; 4131. Upper end part; 4132. Lower end part; 42. Second liquid equalization assembly; 421. Second liquid equalization plate; 4211. Diversion channel; 4212. Second dripping through hole; 422. Second baffle; 423. Liquid equalization and diversion member; 43. Communication assembly; 5. Liquid collection and diversion member; 51. Liquid collection plate; 511. Main board; 5111. Liquid collection channel; 5112. Drainage port; 512. First support plate; 513. Second support plate; 52. Liquid collection part; 6. Gas equalization member; 61. Gas equalization plate; 611. Bottom plate; 612. Folding plate; 6121. Gas equalization through hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Apparently, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0045] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the present invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and / or letters in different examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity and does not itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed.

[0046] For ease of description, spatial relative relationship terms may be used in the text to describe the relative positional relationship or movement of one element or feature shown in the figure with respect to another element or feature. These relative relationship terms are, for example, "inside", "outside", "inner side", "outer side", "below", "beneath", "above", "over", "front", "rear", etc. Such spatial relative relationship terms are intended to include different orientations of the device during use or operation other than the orientations depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure undergoes a position flip, attitude change, or motion state change, then these directional indications will change accordingly. For example, an element described as "below other elements or features" or "beneath other elements or features" will subsequently be oriented as "above other elements or features" or "over other elements or features". Therefore, the exemplary term "below" can include both upper and lower orientations. The device can be oriented otherwise (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions) and the spatial relative relationship descriptors used in the text are interpreted accordingly.

[0047] In the related art, the heat exchanger types commonly used in air-cooled heat pump units include dry evaporators and flooded shell-and-tube evaporators. The overall heat transfer efficiency of the dry evaporator is relatively low, and the flooded evaporator makes the control of the air-cooled heat pump unit during the switching between refrigeration and heating conditions complex. To solve these problems, the falling-film evaporator came into being. It uses a liquid distributor to form a liquid film on the outer surface of the heat exchange tubes from top to bottom. The tube wall transfers heat to the liquid film, and then high-efficiency thin-film evaporation occurs. Compared with the flooded evaporator, the falling-film evaporator has higher heat transfer efficiency and a smaller refrigerant filling amount. Under the heating condition, due to its more uniform overall tube bundle arrangement and less refrigerant filling amount, the condensation heat transfer efficiency is also higher than that of the flooded evaporator. The falling-film heat exchanger effectively solves the problems of large refrigerant filling amount, difficult oil return, and poor condensation effect of the flooded heat exchanger in air-cooled heat pump units. However, the evaporation performance of the falling-film heat exchanger is restricted by the quality of the liquid film outside the tubes. To ensure efficient falling-film evaporation, it is necessary to reasonably distribute the refrigerant flow in combination with the tube bundle arrangement. If the refrigerant flow rate distributed by the top liquid distribution is too large, the liquid film on the outer surface of the upper tube bundle will be too thick, resulting in sheet flow or splashing, seriously affecting the heat transfer effect. If the flow rate is too small, the refrigerant distribution on the heat transfer surface of the lower tube bundle will be uneven or the liquid film will be insufficient, and then dry burning will occur. Under the condensation condition, since the condensate drips from top to bottom, the liquid film accumulated on the outer surface of the lower tube bundle is thicker, resulting in the deterioration of the heat transfer effect of the lower tube bundle. Therefore, how to quickly remove the liquid film accumulation and improve the condensation efficiency is a key issue in the design and application of the falling-film heat exchanger.

[0048] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a heat exchanger structure. In the refrigeration mode, through the liquid distribution mechanism, the problem of excessive liquid supply that may occur in the heat exchange pipe fittings in the related art is effectively solved, ensuring that the liquid refrigerant is more evenly distributed on the surface of the heat exchange pipe fittings, avoiding local liquid film thickness, and improving the heat exchange efficiency. The evenly distributed refrigerant liquid film significantly improves the falling film evaporation efficiency of the overall heat exchange pipe fittings, thereby enhancing the performance of the heat exchanger structure under refrigeration conditions. When entering the condensation condition, the gas distribution component is used to evenly distribute the gaseous refrigerant around the heat exchange pipe fittings, promoting the full contact between the gaseous refrigerant and the heat exchange pipe fittings and accelerating the heat and cold exchange process. As the gaseous refrigerant condenses into a liquid, the liquid collection and diversion component can collect and discharge the condensate at a fixed point, avoiding the condensate directly dripping onto the surface of the heat exchange pipe fittings, effectively preventing the attenuation of the condensation performance caused by excessive liquid film thickness, and significantly improving the overall condensation heat transfer performance. Through the optimization of the two conditions of refrigeration and condensation, the heat exchanger structure successfully achieves the dual goals of efficient falling film evaporation and efficient condensation, meeting the high-efficiency heat exchange requirements of the air-cooled heat pump unit under different conditions.

[0049] In some exemplary embodiments, as Figures 1 - 5 shown, a heat exchanger structure is used to optimize the distribution of liquid refrigerant and the uniform distribution of gaseous refrigerant, improve the heat exchange efficiency, and meet the requirements of refrigeration and heating conditions. Among them, the heat exchanger structure includes a shell assembly 1, multiple groups of heat exchange pipe fittings 2, a liquid distribution mechanism 3, a liquid equalizing mechanism 4, a liquid collection and diversion component 5, and a gas distribution component 6. The multiple groups of heat exchange pipe fittings 2, the liquid distribution mechanism 3, and the liquid equalizing mechanism 4 are used for the falling film evaporation condition and can evenly distribute the liquid refrigerant to ensure efficient falling film evaporation heat transfer. The liquid collection and diversion component 5 is used for the condensation condition, and the gas distribution component 6 plays a role in equalizing the gas in both refrigeration and condensation conditions.

[0050] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 - 5 shown, the shell assembly 1 is made of high-strength and corrosion-resistant materials, such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy, to ensure the stability and safety of long-term use. The shell assembly 1 is provided with a plurality of openings 11 to support the entry and exit of liquid refrigerant, gaseous refrigerant, and heat exchange refrigerant.

[0051] In some examples, the openings 11 at least include a heat exchange refrigerant outlet 111, a heat exchange refrigerant inlet 112, a liquid refrigerant inlet 113, a liquid refrigerant outlet 114, a gaseous refrigerant inlet 115, and a gaseous refrigerant outlet 116. Both the heat exchange refrigerant outlet 111 and the heat exchange refrigerant inlet 112 are connected to each group of heat exchange pipe fittings 2 to enable the heat exchange pipe fittings 2 to circulate and complete heat exchange.

[0052] The liquid refrigerant inlet 113 is, for example, arranged above the shell assembly 1 to facilitate the infusion of liquid refrigerant into the shell assembly 1 and then flow to the liquid distribution mechanism 3. The liquid refrigerant outlet 114 is, for example, arranged below the shell assembly 1 to facilitate the discharge of liquid refrigerant.

[0053] The gaseous refrigerant inlet 115 is, for example, arranged above the housing assembly 1 to facilitate the introduction of the gaseous refrigerant into the gas equalizing member 6. The gaseous refrigerant outlet 116 can also be arranged above the housing assembly 1, which is conducive to the discharge of the gaseous refrigerant. Among them, the gaseous refrigerant inlet 115 and the gaseous refrigerant outlet 116 can share the same opening to reduce the number of openings, avoid damaging the structural strength of the housing assembly 1, and effectively extend the service life of the housing assembly 1.

[0054] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 - 5 shown, multiple groups of heat exchange pipe fittings 2 are installed in the housing assembly 1 and arranged in sequence along the vertical direction. The heat exchange pipe fittings 2 are in communication with the corresponding opening parts 11 to facilitate the entry and exit of the heat exchange refrigerant. The heat exchange pipe fittings 2 are, for example, hermetically connected to the heat exchange refrigerant outlet 111 and the heat exchange refrigerant inlet 112 of the opening part 11. The heat exchange pipe fittings 2 can be made of high-efficiency heat exchange materials, such as copper pipes or aluminum pipes.

[0055] In some examples, multiple groups of heat exchange pipe fittings 2 include, for example, a first heat exchange pipe fitting 21, a second heat exchange pipe fitting 22, and a third heat exchange pipe fitting 23. The first heat exchange pipe fitting 21, the second heat exchange pipe fitting 22, and the third heat exchange pipe fitting 23 are arranged at intervals in sequence along the vertical direction to achieve heat and cold exchange in different regions.

[0056] Among them, the first heat exchange pipe fitting 21 is arranged below the liquid distribution mechanism 3. The first heat exchange pipe fitting 21 includes, for example, a plurality of first heat exchange pipe bodies 211. The plurality of first heat exchange pipe bodies 211 are arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction, and adjacent two first heat exchange pipe bodies 211 can be arranged in a staggered manner, so that the overall layout of the first heat exchange pipe fitting 21 is more compact.

[0057] The second heat exchange pipe fitting 22 includes, for example, a plurality of second heat exchange pipe bodies 221. The plurality of second heat exchange pipe bodies 221 are arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. For the second heat exchange pipe bodies 221 arranged along the horizontal direction, adjacent two second heat exchange pipe bodies 221 are arranged in a staggered manner, which can be understood as their axes not being in the same horizontal plane, so that the overall layout of the second heat exchange pipe fitting 22 is optimized. Among them, the number of the second heat exchange pipe bodies 221 is greater than the number of the first heat exchange pipe bodies 211. Since the liquid distribution mechanism 3 is a two-phase liquid distribution and the spraying speed of the liquid refrigerant is relatively high, when it is sprayed onto the first heat exchange pipe bodies 211, serious splashing will occur. Therefore, the number of the first heat exchange pipe bodies 211 should not be too many, that is, a single row is sufficient.

[0058] The third heat exchange pipe fitting 23 includes, for example, a plurality of first sub-heat exchange pipe bodies 231 and a plurality of second sub-heat exchange pipe bodies 232. The arrangement of the plurality of first sub-heat exchange pipe bodies 231 is the same as or similar to the arrangement of the above-mentioned plurality of second heat exchange pipe bodies 221, and will not be repeated here. The plurality of second sub-heat exchange pipe bodies 232 are arranged in two rows, for example. Each row of second sub-heat exchange pipe bodies 232 is arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction, and the number of second sub-heat exchange pipe bodies 232 in the lower row is less than that in the upper row, so that the third heat exchange pipe fitting 23 adapts to the contour or shape of the shell assembly 1.

[0059] It should be noted that the number of the above-mentioned first heat exchange pipe bodies 211, second heat exchange pipe bodies 221, first sub-heat exchange pipe bodies 231 and second sub-heat exchange pipe bodies 232 shall be determined according to the actual situation, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0060] Of course, it can be understood that the above-mentioned multiple groups of heat exchange pipe fittings 2 are not limited to including the first heat exchange pipe fitting 21, the second heat exchange pipe fitting 22 and the third heat exchange pipe fitting 23, and may also include a fourth heat exchange pipe fitting, a fifth heat exchange pipe fitting, etc., which shall be determined according to the actual situation.

[0061] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 - 5 shown, the liquid distribution mechanism 3 is arranged above the multiple groups of heat exchange pipe fittings 2 and is connected to the shell assembly 1 to realize the stability of the liquid distribution mechanism 3. The liquid distribution mechanism 3 is communicated with the corresponding opening 11, so as to facilitate the replenishment of the liquid refrigerant. For example, the liquid distribution mechanism 3 is communicated with the liquid refrigerant inlet 113 of the opening 11, so as to be connected to the liquid refrigerant supply system through the liquid refrigerant inlet 113. The liquid distribution mechanism 3 can spray the liquid refrigerant onto the corresponding heat exchange pipe fitting 2, for example, onto the first heat exchange pipe fitting 21 of the heat exchange pipe fitting 2, to ensure that the liquid refrigerant can evenly and fully cover the surface of the first heat exchange pipe fitting 21, effectively improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0062] In some examples, the liquid distribution mechanism 3 includes a liquid distribution member 31. The liquid distribution member 31 forms a receiving cavity 32. The receiving cavity 32 is communicated with the liquid refrigerant inlet 113 of the corresponding opening 11. The upper end of the liquid distribution member 31 is provided with a connection port 33, for example. The connection port 33 is hermetically connected to the liquid refrigerant inlet 113 in a counterpoint manner to ensure the normal flow of the liquid refrigerant.

[0063] The liquid distribution member 31 is provided with a plurality of liquid distribution orifices (not shown in the figure). The plurality of liquid distribution orifices are arranged at the bottom of the liquid distribution member 31. The liquid distribution orifices are communicated with the receiving cavity 32, so that the liquid refrigerant can flow out of the liquid distribution orifices based on the gravity and be sprayed onto the corresponding heat exchange pipe fitting 2. The plurality of liquid distribution orifices can be arranged in an array, for example, to ensure that the liquid refrigerant can be evenly sprayed onto the corresponding heat exchange pipe fitting 2.

[0064] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 - 10As shown, the liquid distribution mechanism 4 is connected to the housing assembly 1. The liquid distribution mechanism 4 is arranged between multiple groups of heat exchange pipe fittings 2. The liquid distribution mechanism 4 is used to collect the liquid refrigerant above and distribute it so that it can drip onto the heat exchange pipe fittings 2 below. Among them, when the liquid refrigerant drips onto the heat exchange pipe fittings 2 through the liquid distribution mechanism 4, it can drip onto the first heat exchange pipe fitting 21, the second heat exchange pipe fitting 22 or the third heat exchange pipe fitting 23. Specifically, it is based on the installation position of the liquid distribution mechanism 4. For example, if the liquid distribution mechanism 4 is arranged above the first heat exchange pipe fitting 21, the liquid refrigerant will drip onto the first heat exchange pipe fitting 21. If the liquid distribution mechanism 4 is arranged above the second heat exchange pipe fitting 22, the liquid refrigerant will drip onto the second heat exchange pipe fitting 22, and so on, to meet the distribution of the liquid refrigerant in different areas.

[0065] Based on the flow characteristics and gravity of the liquid refrigerant, the liquid distribution mechanism 4 ensures that the liquid refrigerant can drip smoothly and evenly onto the heat exchange pipe fittings 2 below, avoiding local accumulation or dryness.

[0066] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 - 12 shown, the liquid collection and diversion member 5 is connected to the liquid distribution mechanism 4, and is used to collect the liquid refrigerant and discharge it to the outside of the housing assembly 1 through the corresponding opening 11. For example, the liquid refrigerant is discharged through the liquid refrigerant outlet 114 of the opening 11, realizing the rapid discharge of the liquid refrigerant and effectively avoiding the accumulation of the liquid refrigerant.

[0067] It should be noted that the design of the above liquid collection and diversion member 5 takes into account the flow rate and flow of the liquid refrigerant to ensure that the liquid refrigerant can be discharged smoothly and avoid blockage or backflow.

[0068] In some examples, the liquid collection and diversion member 5 includes a liquid collection plate 51 and a liquid collection member 52 to facilitate the collection and guidance of the liquid refrigerant flow, reduce the resistance and leakage of the liquid refrigerant during the flow process, and ensure that the liquid refrigerant can be smoothly exported.

[0069] The liquid collection plate 51 is provided with a liquid collection channel 5111 and a drainage port 5112. The drainage port 5112 is correspondingly arranged with the liquid distribution mechanism 4 to facilitate the collection and discharge of the liquid refrigerant. The liquid collection member 52 is arranged at the liquid collection channel 5111 and can discharge the liquid refrigerant to the liquid distribution mechanism 4, and the liquid distribution mechanism 4 completes dripping or spraying.

[0070] The specific shape and material of the liquid collection member 52 are determined according to the properties and design requirements of the liquid refrigerant to be processed. For example, the liquid collection member 52 can be set with special shapes or textures to promote the flow of the liquid refrigerant. The liquid collection member 52 has a certain height k to prevent the condensate from entering the second liquid distribution assembly 42 through the liquid collection channel 5111 under the condensation condition.

[0071] The liquid collecting plate 51 includes a main board 511, a first support board 512 and a second support board 513. A liquid collecting channel 5111 and a drain port 5112 are arranged on the main board 511. The main board 511 is a platform for bearing and collecting liquid. The drain port 5112 is used to discharge the liquid refrigerant on the main board 511. The drain port 5112 can be one or multiple. For example, there are two drain ports 5112, and the two drain ports 5112 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the main board 511 to ensure that the liquid refrigerant can be discharged on both sides of the main board 511 to balance the diversion efficiency.

[0072] The main board 511 is, for example, a flat plate structure, and a liquid collecting channel 5111 penetrating the main board 511 is provided on its upper surface. The liquid collecting channel 5111 is, for example, a straight line type to maximize the collection area and collection efficiency. The depth, width and length of the liquid collecting channel 5111 can be designed according to specific application scenarios to ensure that it can accommodate and effectively guide the flow of liquid refrigerant.

[0073] The first support board 512 and the second support board 513 are respectively arranged on both sides of the main board 511 along its width direction. The first support board 512 and the second support board 513 are used to enhance the stability of the liquid collecting plate 51 and guide the flow of liquid refrigerant. Among them, the first support board 512 is inclined relative to the main board 511 to form a first preset angle α. The first preset angle α can be adjusted according to actual needs to optimize the flow path and speed of the liquid refrigerant. The first preset angle α is, for example, 5° < α < 30°.

[0074] The structural design of the second support board 513 is the same as or similar to that of the first support board 512. The second support board 513 is also inclined relative to the main board 511, and a first preset angle α is also formed between the second support board 513 and the main board 511. It can be understood that the specific value of the first preset angle α formed between the second support board 513 and the main board 511 and the specific value of the first preset angle α formed between the first support board 512 and the main board 511 can be the same or different, specifically subject to the actual situation.

[0075] In the liquid collecting and guiding member 5 of this embodiment, it has an inclined second support board 513 and a first support board 512, which effectively guides the flow direction of the condensate, realizes the fixed-point collection and orderly discharge of the condensate, avoids the condensate of the upper heat exchange pipe fitting 2 from directly dripping onto the lower heat exchange pipe fitting 2, avoids the liquid film of the lower heat exchange pipe fitting 2 from being too thick, improves the condensation performance, and further improves the condensation heat transfer performance of the overall heat exchanger structure.

[0076] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 - 13As shown, the gas equalizing member 6 is disposed on the liquid distribution mechanism 3. The gas equalizing member 6 is used to evenly distribute the gaseous refrigerant along a preset direction, so that the gaseous refrigerant can enter the heat exchange pipe fittings 2 in each area evenly. The gaseous refrigerant contacts the outer surface of the heat exchange pipe fittings 2 in each area to complete the heat and cold exchange. Among them, the preset direction is, for example, the extending direction of the heat exchange pipe fitting 2, that is, the axial direction.

[0077] In some examples, the gas equalizing member 6 includes, for example, two gas equalizing plates 61. The two gas equalizing plates 61 are symmetrically disposed on the liquid distribution mechanism 3. The gas equalizing plates 61 are correspondingly disposed with the gaseous refrigerant inlet 115 and the gaseous refrigerant outlet 116 of the opening portion 11, so as to receive or release the gaseous refrigerant. The gas equalizing plates 61 are disposed close to the gaseous refrigerant inlet 115 and the gaseous refrigerant outlet 116, so as to quickly comb the gaseous refrigerant and make it proceed along the preset direction.

[0078] Among them, the gas equalizing plate 61 includes, for example, a bottom plate 611 and a folding plate 612. The bottom plate 611 is connected to the liquid distribution mechanism 3. There is a second preset angle between the bottom plate 611 and the folding plate 612. The second preset angle can be adjusted according to actual needs to optimize the flow path and speed of the gaseous refrigerant. A plurality of gas equalizing holes 6121 are provided on the folding plate 612. The plurality of gas equalizing holes 6121 are arranged in sequence along the extending direction of the folding plate 612. The structural forms of the folding plate 612 and the gas equalizing holes 6121 can be adjusted based on parameters such as aperture size, arrangement mode or wind speed to achieve the uniform distribution of the gaseous refrigerant. The setting of the gas equalizing member 6 helps to improve the heat exchange efficiency between the gaseous refrigerant and the heat exchange pipe fitting 2 and further improve the overall performance of the heat exchanger structure.

[0079] The heat exchanger structure of this embodiment effectively improves the heat exchange efficiency, reduces energy consumption and cost by optimizing the distribution of the liquid refrigerant and the equal distribution of the gaseous refrigerant. At the same time, its structure is relatively compact and easy to maintain, and is suitable for market promotion.

[0080] In some exemplary embodiments, as Figures 1 - 10 shown, the liquid equalizing mechanism 4 includes a first liquid equalizing component 41, a second liquid equalizing component 42 and a connecting component 43. The first liquid equalizing component 41 and the second liquid equalizing component 42 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction to realize the heat and cold exchange in different areas and ensure that the liquid refrigerant can be distributed layer by layer and evenly onto the corresponding heat exchange pipe fittings 2.

[0081] The first liquid equalizing component 41 is used to collect the liquid refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant drips onto the corresponding heat exchange pipe fitting 2 below through the first liquid equalizing component 41. For example, the second heat exchange pipe fitting 22 of the heat exchange pipe fitting 2 is disposed below the first liquid equalizing component 41. Among them, through a specific structural design of the first liquid equalizing component 41, the liquid refrigerant can drip evenly onto the second heat exchange pipe fitting 22 below, ensuring that the liquid refrigerant can be initially evenly distributed and effectively improving the heat exchange efficiency of the second heat exchange pipe fitting 22.

[0082] In some examples, the first liquid equalizing component 41 includes, for example, a first liquid equalizing pan 411, a first baffle 412, and a first overflow member 413. The above structures work together to optimize the distribution and dripping process of the liquid refrigerant, ensuring that the refrigerant can act evenly and effectively on the heat exchange object.

[0083] The first liquid balancing plate 411 is provided with a first overflow channel 4111 and a plurality of first dripping holes 4112. The first overflow channel 4111 is responsible for guiding the excess liquid refrigerant to prevent it from accumulating on the surface of the first liquid balancing plate 411, while the first dripping holes 4112 are used to release the liquid refrigerant in the form of drops to the target area. The layout of the first dripping holes 4112 on the first liquid balancing plate 411 can be precisely calculated to ensure that the liquid refrigerant can be evenly distributed to avoid local overheating or overcooling.

[0084] The first shielding plate 412 is disposed around the first liquid balancing pan 411, enclosing the first liquid balancing pan 411 to form a receiving space for carrying liquid refrigerant, and can also prevent the liquid refrigerant from splashing during the dripping process, effectively guide the liquid refrigerant to flow in the receiving space, and further improve the cooling efficiency.

[0085] The first overflow member 413 is arranged at the first overflow channel 4111 to shield the liquid refrigerant. The first overflow member 413 has a specific shape and material, and is usually made of corrosion-resistant and high-temperature resistant materials. The shape needs to be closely matched with the first liquid equalizing plate 411 to ensure the sealing and guiding effect between the two.

[0086] The first overflow member 413 includes, for example, a first annular baffle having a unique structure. For example, the first annular baffle has an upper end 4131 and a lower end 4132. The lower end 4132 is fixedly connected to the first liquid equalizing plate 411 to prevent liquid refrigerant from flowing out along the gap, thereby achieving sealing between the two.

[0087] The upper end 4131 is stepped to increase the overflow effect. For example, the height of the upper end 4131 increases from the middle of the first annular baffle to both sides, which helps to guide the excess liquid refrigerant to flow smoothly to the first overflow channel 4111 through the step-by-step guidance when the liquid refrigerant flow is large, thereby avoiding the formation of liquid accumulation on the surface of the first liquid balancing pan 411.

[0088] Exemplarily, the upper end portion 4131 is symmetrically provided with steps along the center line, for example, four steps are provided on each side, and the four steps are not at the same height. The middle position of the upper end portion 4131 forms the minimum height h0 compared with the first liquid distribution tray 411. There is a first length L1 between the first steps on both sides. The first step forms a first height h1 compared with the middle position. There is a second length L2 between the second steps on both sides. The second step forms a second height h2 compared with the first step. There is a third length L3 between the third steps on both sides. The third step forms a third height h3 compared with the second step. There is a fourth length L4 between the fourth steps on both sides. The fourth step forms a fourth height h4 compared with the third step. Thus, the total height of the first overflow member 413 is obtained as H = h0 + h1 + h2 + h3 + h4.

[0089] The liquid level height in the first liquid distribution tray 411 determines the outflow velocity and flow rate of the first liquid dripping through holes 4112. At different liquid level heights, the outflow rates of the first liquid dripping through holes 4112 in the first liquid distribution tray 411 are different. The outflow rate of the first liquid distribution tray 411 and the height H of the first baffle 412 can be designed as follows:

[0090] According to the maximum heat exchange load under the design conditions of the heat exchanger structure, determine the maximum flow rate M of the liquid refrigerant required for evaporation of the heat exchanger structure. Combining with the heat transfer design calculation, the evaporation amount m1 required for the first heat exchange pipe fitting 21, the evaporation amount m2 required for the second heat exchange pipe fitting 22, the evaporation amount m3 required for the first sub-heat exchange tube body 231, and the evaporation amount m4 required for the second sub-heat exchange tube body 232 under this condition can be obtained. Among them, M = m1 + m2 + m3 + m4.

[0091] The evaporation amount m2 required for the second heat exchange pipe fitting 22 below the first liquid distribution tray 411 is the volume flow rate of the liquid refrigerant that the first liquid distribution tray 411 needs to supply to the second heat exchange pipe fitting 22. The diameter of the first liquid dripping through holes 4112 in the first liquid distribution tray 411 is denoted as d1, the number of all the first liquid dripping through holes 4112 is denoted as N1, and the area of all the first liquid dripping through holes 4112 is

[0092] When the height of the first baffle 412 is H, the outflow rate of all the first liquid dripping through holes 4112 Among them, C1 is the flow coefficient of the first liquid dripping through holes 4112, which can be obtained through experiments or fluid simulation calculations. The designed total height H of the first baffle 412 needs to satisfy that the outflow rate Q1 is not less than the liquid supply demand m2, and it can be in accordance with Q1 = a m2, where a is a coefficient greater than 1, and a is, for example, 1.05 - 1.2. The total height H of the first overflow member 413 is consistent with the designed total height H of the first baffle 412.

[0093] Similarly, to determine the minimum outflow rate of the first liquid dripping through holes 4112, the minimum height of the first overflow member 413 is h0. The minimum liquid refrigerant flow rate required for the minimum load under the design conditions is M0, and the evaporation amount required for the second heat exchange pipe member 22 below the first liquid distribution tray 411 is m 20 , when the minimum height is h0, the outflow rates of all the first liquid dripping through holes 4112 The outflow rate Q at height h0 1min should satisfy Q 1min = m 2o .

[0094] The total height H of the first overflow member 413 is determined according to the maximum load, and the minimum height h0 is determined according to the minimum load. Based on the same method above, determine the liquid level height H required for the partial load a% between the minimum load and the maximum load a and the corresponding step height h a , which should satisfy h a = H a - h0. At the same time, in order to keep the liquid level H a steadily dripping onto the heat exchange pipe member 2 below, the excess liquid refrigerant needs to be drained through the steps. Therefore, the area and length L of the steps can be determined. Generally, the highest height h0 can be determined according to 10% load, the first height h1 of the first step can be determined according to 25% load, the second height h2 of the second step can be determined according to 50% load, the third height h3 of the second step can be determined according to 75% load, and the fourth height h4 of the fourth step can be determined according to 100% load. The drainage flow rate of the first step where C2 is the step flow coefficient, which can be obtained through experiments or fluid simulation calculations. The drainage flow rate Q L1 = M L1 - m 2L1 , where M L1 is the total flow rate of the liquid refrigerant under 25% partial load, and m 2L1 is the required flow rate of the second heat exchange pipe member 22 under this condition. These two values can be obtained from the heat exchanger structure cycle and heat transfer calculation. Thus, the first length L1 can be obtained. Based on the drainage flow rate Q L = total flow rate - required flow rate of the second heat exchange pipe member 22, by calculating the drainage flow rates corresponding to the areas of each step, the second length L2, the third length L3, and the fourth length L4 can be calculated in sequence.

[0095] The design of the first overflow member 413 can not only effectively prevent the accumulation of liquid refrigerant on the first liquid distribution tray 411, but also balance the internal pressure of the first liquid distribution tray 411 to ensure that the liquid refrigerant can drip continuously and evenly.

[0096] When the liquid refrigerant enters the first liquid distribution tray 411, it is released in the form of droplets through the first liquid dripping through holes 4112 into the target area, i.e., the second heat exchange pipe fitting 22. The excess liquid refrigerant is then guided to the first overflow member 413. Under the action of the first overflow member 413, the liquid refrigerant flows along the stepped first annular baffle and is finally discharged smoothly, preventing the liquid refrigerant from accumulating on the surface of the first liquid distribution tray 411.

[0097] In the first liquid distribution assembly 41 of this embodiment, the first overflow member 413 is provided. Under the refrigeration condition, liquid supply is provided as needed in different areas, making the liquid distribution of the overall heat exchange pipe fitting 2 more uniform, solving the problems of excessive liquid supply to the upper heat exchange pipe fitting 2 and uneven liquid distribution between the upper and lower heat exchange pipe fittings 2. The first liquid distribution assembly 41 can efficiently achieve the uniform distribution and dripping of the liquid refrigerant, providing a solid foundation for the subsequent cooling process.

[0098] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 - 10 shown, the second liquid distribution assembly 42 is used to collect the liquid refrigerant, and the liquid refrigerant drips through the second liquid distribution assembly 42 onto the corresponding heat exchange pipe fitting 2 below. The second liquid distribution assembly 42 is located below the first liquid distribution assembly 41, and its structure is the same as or similar to that of the first liquid distribution assembly 41.

[0099] The second liquid distribution assembly 42 is also responsible for collecting the liquid refrigerant and dripping the liquid refrigerant onto the heat exchange pipe fitting 2 below it, i.e., the third heat exchange pipe fitting 23, through a similar liquid distribution structure. Since the second liquid distribution assembly 42 is located below, it can also receive the excess liquid refrigerant from the first liquid distribution assembly 41, further realizing the uniform distribution of the liquid refrigerant. For example, the first liquid distribution assembly 41 is connected to the second liquid distribution assembly 42 through the connection assembly 43, so that the excess liquid refrigerant of the first liquid distribution assembly 41 can be discharged to the second liquid distribution assembly 42, that is, the connection assembly 43 is connected to the first overflow channel 4111 of the first liquid distribution assembly 41 to ensure the flow of the excess liquid refrigerant.

[0100] The connection assembly 43 is arranged between the first liquid distribution assembly 41 and the second liquid distribution assembly 42. Its main function is to form a connection between the first liquid distribution assembly 41 and the second liquid distribution assembly 42, so that the excess liquid refrigerant in the first liquid distribution assembly 41 can flow smoothly to the second liquid distribution assembly 42, effectively preventing the liquid refrigerant from accumulating in the first liquid distribution assembly 41 and ensuring the dynamic balance and continuous and stable distribution of the liquid refrigerant inside the entire liquid distribution mechanism 4.

[0101] In some examples, the second liquid distribution assembly 42 realizes the uniform distribution of the liquid refrigerant and improves the cooling efficiency. The second liquid distribution assembly 42 includes, for example, a second liquid distribution tray 421, a second baffle 422, and at least one liquid distribution and guiding member 423. Through a delicate structural design, it is ensured that the liquid refrigerant can drip evenly and efficiently onto the target area.

[0102] The second liquid distribution plate 421 is provided with at least one diversion channel 4211 and a plurality of second liquid dripping through-holes 4212. The above structures cooperate together to ensure that the liquid refrigerant can flow orderly and evenly.

[0103] On the surface of the second liquid distribution plate 421, a plurality of second liquid dripping through-holes 4212 are evenly distributed. The sizes and positions of these through-holes are precisely calculated to ensure that the liquid refrigerant can be evenly dripped onto the target area below.

[0104] The diversion channel 4211 is located inside the second liquid distribution plate 421 and is used to guide the flow direction of the liquid refrigerant. According to actual needs, diversion channels with different shapes and quantities can be designed to optimize the distribution effect of the liquid refrigerant.

[0105] The liquid distribution and diversion member 423 is arranged at the corresponding diversion channel 4211. The liquid distribution and diversion member 423 can pass through the liquid discharge port 5112. The liquid distribution and diversion member 423 further guides the flow direction of the liquid refrigerant to ensure that the liquid refrigerant can flow along the predetermined path and discharge the liquid refrigerant as soon as possible. Moreover, the liquid distribution and diversion member 423 is inserted into the liquid discharge port 5112 in a docking manner, and rapid positioning and docking can also be achieved. According to the specific shape of the diversion channel 4211 and the flow characteristics of the liquid refrigerant, the positions and quantities of the liquid distribution and diversion members 423 are reasonably arranged, and the distribution effect of the liquid refrigerant can be further optimized by adjusting the shape and angle of the liquid distribution and diversion member 423.

[0106] The second baffle 422 is disposed around the periphery of the second liquid distribution plate 421 to prevent the liquid refrigerant from splashing during the dripping process and ensure that the liquid refrigerant can accurately drip onto the target position.

[0107] The second liquid distribution plate 421, the second baffle 422 and the liquid distribution and diversion member 423 are assembled according to the design requirements to ensure that the connections between the components are tight and reliable, without looseness or liquid leakage.

[0108] The second liquid distribution assembly 42 in this embodiment can evenly distribute the liquid refrigerant. The coordinated action of the second liquid distribution plate 421, the second baffle 422 and the liquid distribution and diversion member 423 ensures that the liquid refrigerant can accurately and evenly drip onto the target area, improving the overall performance of the cooling system.

[0109] Below the liquid distribution mechanism 4, a second heat exchange pipe fitting 22 and a third heat exchange pipe fitting 23 are sequentially arranged. The second heat exchange pipe fitting 22 is adjacent to the lower part of the first liquid distribution assembly 41 and receives the liquid refrigerant from the first liquid distribution assembly 41 for heat exchange. The third heat exchange pipe fitting 23 is located below the second liquid distribution assembly 42 and receives the liquid refrigerant from the second liquid distribution assembly 42 for further heat exchange. The arrangement of the liquid distribution mechanism 4, through reasonable structural design and layout, enables the liquid refrigerant to flow through each heat exchange pipe fitting 2 layer by layer and orderly, realizing the uniform distribution and efficient heat exchange of the liquid refrigerant, and providing stable and reliable performance guarantee for the entire cooling system.

[0110] In some exemplary embodiments, such as Figures 1 - 5 shown, the housing assembly 1 includes a housing part 12, and the housing part 12 has a first accommodation space, a second accommodation space, and a third accommodation space arranged in sequence along its axis direction. The first accommodation space, the second accommodation space, and the third accommodation space undertake different functions and are interconnected in a specific manner to realize the overall performance of the housing assembly 1.

[0111] Multiple groups of heat exchange pipe fittings 2 are arranged in the second accommodation space, and the heat exchange pipe fittings 2 are arranged according to a certain layout to ensure efficient heat transfer and exchange. Among them, the second accommodation space is communicated with the corresponding opening part 11, such as being communicated with the liquid refrigerant inlet 113, the liquid refrigerant outlet 114, the gaseous refrigerant inlet 115, and the gaseous refrigerant outlet 116 of the opening part 11.

[0112] The third accommodation space is communicated with the first accommodation space through the heat exchange pipe fitting 2, and the third accommodation space is communicated with the corresponding opening part 11, such as being communicated with the heat exchange refrigerant outlet 111 and the heat exchange refrigerant inlet 112 of the opening part 11. The heat exchange refrigerant outlet 111 and the heat exchange refrigerant inlet 112 are connected to other systems to facilitate the realization of a closed-loop heat exchange system.

[0113] The housing assembly 1 not only realizes the reasonable utilization of the internal space and efficient heat exchange, but also forms a close and orderly connection between the accommodation spaces through a clever design, which not only improves the overall performance of the housing assembly 1, but also provides strong support for its application in various complex environments.

[0114] In this embodiment, such as Figures 1 - 5 shown, the housing part 12 includes a cylinder body 121, a first side plate 122, a second side plate 123, a first side cover 124, and a second side cover 125.

[0115] The inner cavity of the cylinder body 121 is constructed as the second accommodation space for installing and accommodating multiple groups of heat exchange pipe fittings to realize efficient heat transfer and exchange. The parameters such as the material, wall thickness, and diameter of the cylinder body 121 are selected according to actual needs to ensure its strength and durability.

[0116] The first side plate 122 and the second side plate 123 are tightly installed on both sides of the cylinder body 121 along the axial direction of the shell part 12. The first side plate 122 and the second side plate 123 mainly seal the two ends of the cylinder body 121, and together with the cylinder body 121, they form a closed second accommodation space. The installation methods of the first side plate 122 and the second side plate 123 can be welding, bolt connection or other reliable fixing methods to ensure their sealing performance and stability.

[0117] The first side cover 124 is buckled to the first side plate 122, and a new space, that is, the first accommodation space, is formed between the first side cover 124 and the first side plate 122. The first accommodation space is used for circulating the heat exchange refrigerant. The buckling method of the first side cover 124 can be snap connection, screw, bolt and nut cooperation or other connection methods that are easy to disassemble and install.

[0118] The design of the second side cover 125 is similar to that of the first side cover 124. The second side cover 125 is buckled to the second side plate 123, and a third accommodation space is constructed between the second side cover 125 and the second side plate 123. The third accommodation space is indirectly connected to the first accommodation space through heat exchange pipe fittings, and is used to receive the fluid that has passed through the heat exchange refrigerant and discharge it from the shell assembly 1 or send it to the next stage of the processing flow. The buckling method of the second side cover 125 also needs to ensure the sealing performance and the characteristics of being easy to disassemble and install.

[0119] Each component of the shell part 12 is organically combined together to form a shell assembly 1 with perfect functions and compact structure, which not only improves the heat exchange efficiency, but also enhances the overall performance and reliability of the shell assembly 1. At the same time, the reasonable division and connection methods of each accommodation space also provide convenience for subsequent maintenance and upgrading.

[0120] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the shell assembly 1 further includes at least one support 13, and the support 13 is connected to the shell part 12. The support 13 is tightly connected to the shell part 12 to enhance the stability and support of the shell assembly 1, improve its adaptability to the external environment during use, and provide a strong guarantee for the efficient and stable operation of the shell assembly 1 under various complex working conditions.

[0121] Among them, the support 13 is made of a strong metal material and has sufficient strength and stiffness to support the weight of the shell part 12. The shape and size of the support 13 can be designed according to the specific structure and installation environment of the shell part 12 to ensure stable and reliable support. The support 13 can be tightly connected to the shell part 12, for example, by welding, bolt connection or other reliable fixing methods, and the connection points are carefully designed and reinforced to withstand various forces and vibrations that may occur during the working process.

[0122] The support 13 can reduce the risk of deformation and displacement of the shell part 12 caused by gravity or other external forces, improve the overall stability of the shell assembly 1, and facilitate the installation, debugging, and maintenance of the shell assembly 1 by reasonably designing the height and position of the support 13.

[0123] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 - 6 shown, the shell assembly 1 further includes a support member 14, and the support member 14 is used to support multiple groups of heat exchange pipe fittings 2, a liquid distribution mechanism 3, and a liquid equalization mechanism 4. Through reasonable layout and a strong structure, the support member 14 ensures the stability and working efficiency of the internal components of the shell assembly 1. Among them, the shell part 12 is responsible for the distribution, heat exchange, and discharge of the liquid refrigerant, the support 13 provides stable support for the shell part 12, and the support member 14 can enhance the stability of the internal components.

[0124] In some examples, the support member 14 includes a plurality of support plates 141 and a plurality of connecting rods 142. The plurality of support plates 141 are arranged in sequence along the axis direction of the heat exchanger structure, and the plurality of support plates 141 are connected by the plurality of connecting rods 142.

[0125] The support plates 141 can be accurately calculated and positioned according to the weight, size, and layout requirements of the internal components to ensure that the load can be evenly and effectively dispersed and borne. The support plates 141 can be made of high-strength and corrosion-resistant materials, such as stainless steel or alloy steel, etc., so that they have good mechanical properties and chemical stability to meet the requirements of the long-term operation of the shell assembly 1.

[0126] Among them, a plurality of avoidance parts are provided on the support plates 141 to avoid the heat exchange pipe fittings 2, the liquid distribution mechanism 3, the liquid equalization mechanism 4, etc. For example, the avoidance parts include avoidance through holes 1411, avoidance through grooves 1412, avoidance grooves 1413, and avoidance vertical grooves 1414. The number of the avoidance through holes 1411 is the same as the number of the first heat exchange tube body 211, the second heat exchange tube body 221, the first sub-heat exchange tube body 231, and the second sub-heat exchange tube body 232 to avoid them. The number of the avoidance through grooves 1412 is the same as that of the first liquid equalization component 41 and the second liquid equalization component 42 to avoid them, and the height of the avoidance through grooves 1412 located below is slightly larger to facilitate the accommodation of the liquid collection and diversion part 5. The avoidance vertical grooves 1414 are used to avoid the connection component 43, and the avoidance grooves 1413 are used to avoid or install the liquid distribution mechanism 3. The sizes and shapes of the avoidance through holes 1411, the avoidance through grooves 1412, the avoidance grooves 1413, and the avoidance vertical grooves 1414 are subject to actual application requirements.

[0127] The plurality of connecting rods 142 firmly connect the adjacent support plates 141 together to form a stable three-dimensional support framework. The connecting rods 142 are connected to the support plates 141 by welding, bolt connection, or other reliable fixing methods to ensure the integrity and rigidity of the entire support structure.

[0128] The connecting rod 142 not only enhances the stiffness of the support member 14, but also helps to adjust the spacing and angle between the support plates 141 to meet the installation requirements of different internal components.

[0129] The support member 14 provides a stable support platform for the heat exchange pipe fittings 2 through the support plates 141, preventing the vibration and displacement caused by fluid flow and temperature changes during operation, and helping to extend the service life of the heat exchange pipe fittings 2.

[0130] The liquid distribution mechanism 3 and the liquid equalization mechanism 4 are key components in the shell assembly 1, responsible for evenly distributing the liquid refrigerant into the heat exchange pipe fittings 2. The support member 14 ensures the stable operation and optimal performance of these mechanisms through precisely designed support positions and angles.

[0131] When implementing the refrigeration condition, this heat exchanger structure acts as an evaporator. The liquid refrigerant on the outer surface of the heat exchange pipe fittings 2 inside the shell assembly 1 undergoes falling film evaporation to absorb the heat of the heat exchange refrigerant inside the heat exchange pipe fittings 2, reducing the temperature of the heat exchange refrigerant and providing low-temperature heat exchange refrigerant for users. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant from the condenser, after being depressurized and cooled by the throttling device to a saturated gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, enters the liquid distribution mechanism 3 through the liquid refrigerant inlet 113 of the shell assembly 1. After the liquid distribution mechanism 3 evenly distributes the liquid, it sprays onto the first heat exchange pipe fitting 21. After being buffered by the first heat exchange pipe fitting 21, it drips onto the upper first liquid equalization component 41. The upper first liquid equalization component 41 evenly drips the collected liquid refrigerant through its first liquid dripping through holes 4112 onto the second heat exchange pipe fitting 22 located below it. The liquid refrigerant on the surface of the second heat exchange pipe fitting 22, in addition to forming a surface liquid film and evaporating itself, the remaining liquid refrigerant is sequentially distributed to the adjacent lower third heat exchange pipe fitting 23. As the liquid refrigerant is gradually discharged, its flow rate gradually decreases to avoid a thick surface liquid film and the formation of slug flow on the surface of the upper first sub-heat pipe body 231, achieving efficient evaporation. Since the first liquid equalization component 41 is provided with a stepped first overflow member 413, after the first liquid equalization tray 411 retains a certain liquid level, the excess liquid refrigerant will flow through the first overflow member 413 to the second liquid equalization component 42, and drip into the bottom of the shell assembly 1 by the second liquid equalization component 42 to form a refrigerant pool. The lower heat exchange pipe fittings 2 are immersed in the refrigerant pool, realizing a flooded evaporator. The upper heat exchange pipe fittings 2 achieve the evaporation and heat absorption of the liquid refrigerant, and the lower heat exchange pipe fittings 2 achieve the immersion of the liquid refrigerant, absorbing the heat of the heat exchange refrigerant flowing inside the heat exchange pipe fittings 2. The liquid refrigerant evaporates into a saturated gaseous refrigerant, while the heat exchange refrigerant inside the heat exchange pipe fittings 2 gradually cools down and is supplied for users. The gaseous refrigerant generated by evaporation enters the compressor suction through the gaseous refrigerant outlet 116, and after being compressed, it is converted into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The high-temperature gaseous refrigerant enters the air-cooled condenser after separating oil droplets through an oil separator, releases heat to the air to condense into a saturated liquid refrigerant, and enters the evaporator after throttling to complete the refrigerant cycle.

[0132] When implementing the heating condition, the heat exchanger structure acts as a condenser. The high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor passes through the oil separator. After the oil-gas separation is completed, the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the interior of the heat exchanger structure through the gaseous refrigerant inlet 115 of the heat exchanger structure, and passes through the gas equalizing member 6 to evenly distribute the gaseous refrigerant along the preset direction. Subsequently, the gaseous refrigerant enters each area to facilitate contact with the outer surface of the heat exchange pipe member 2. Since the relatively low-temperature heat exchange refrigerant flows in the heat exchange pipe member 2, the surface temperature of the heat exchange pipe member 2 is relatively low. When the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant contacts the surface of the heat exchange pipe member 2, it will be gradually condensed into a liquid refrigerant by the cold wall surface of the heat exchange pipe member 2. The heat exchange refrigerant in the pipe absorbs the condensation heat of the gaseous refrigerant outside the heat exchange pipe member 2, causing its temperature to gradually rise, thereby generating a high-temperature heat exchange refrigerant for user use. Among them, the condensed liquid refrigerant drips vertically downward under the action of gravity and is collected by the liquid collection and diversion member 5, and is discharged to the bottom of the housing assembly 1 through the drain port 5112 and the corresponding diversion channels 4211 of the second liquid equalizing assembly 42. The liquid refrigerant at the bottom of the housing assembly 1 is discharged through the liquid refrigerant outlet 114, passes through the throttling device, and then enters the air-cooled fin evaporator to absorb the heat of the air and evaporate into a gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant is compressed by the compressor into a high-pressure gas, and then enters the oil separator. After the oil-gas separation is completed, it enters the condenser to complete the refrigerant cycle.

[0133] An air-cooled heat pump unit includes a unit body and a heat exchanger structure as described in any of the above embodiments, and the heat exchange structure is installed on the unit body. By adopting this optimized heat exchanger structure, the heat exchange efficiency of the air-cooled heat pump unit has been significantly improved, thereby improving the operating performance and energy efficiency ratio of the entire unit.

[0134] The unit body, for example, includes core components such as a compressor, an expansion valve, and a condenser, which are responsible for driving and controlling the heat pump cycle. The heat exchanger structure is a key component for the unit to exchange heat with the external environment, and its performance directly affects the overall efficiency of the unit. The air-cooled heat pump unit drives the refrigerant to circulate between the condenser and the evaporator through the compressor to achieve the absorption and release of heat. In the cooling mode, the unit absorbs heat from the indoor environment and releases it to the outdoor environment through the condenser; in the heating mode, it is the opposite. As the main place for the unit to exchange heat with the external environment, the high-efficiency heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger structure directly determines the energy efficiency ratio of the unit.

[0135] Due to the adoption of an optimized heat exchanger structure design, the heat exchange efficiency of the air-cooled heat pump unit has been significantly improved. Compared with the heat exchangers in related technologies, this unit can achieve higher cooling / heating capacity output with lower energy consumption. At the same time, the stability and durability of the heat exchanger structure have also been enhanced, reducing the failure rate and maintenance cost of the unit.

[0136] The use of the heat exchanger structure in the present application enables the air-cooled heat pump unit to demonstrate significant advantages in terms of heat exchange efficiency, operating stability and energy efficiency ratio, thereby improving the overall performance of the air-cooled heat pump unit and bringing users lower operating costs and a better user experience.

[0137] The heat exchanger structure is a dual-condition shell and tube heat exchanger that takes into account both efficient falling film evaporation and condensation. Through the ingenious design of the liquid distribution mechanism, the first liquid equalizing component, the second liquid equalizing component, the liquid collecting and guiding parts, and the gas equalizing parts, the heat exchanger structure can achieve efficient operation under both refrigeration evaporation conditions and heating condensation conditions, meeting the heat exchange requirements under different conditions.

[0138] The first liquid equalizing component and the second liquid equalizing component evenly distribute liquid to the heat exchange pipes below through the drip holes. The first overflow component on the first liquid equalizing component is designed so that on the basis of meeting the evaporation liquid volume of the heat exchange pipes above, the excess liquid refrigerant can flow into the second liquid equalizing component below, thereby avoiding excessive liquid supply to the heat exchange pipes above, making the overall liquid distribution of the heat exchange pipes more uniform and adapting to different refrigeration loads.

[0139] The first overflow member has a stepped structure in the vertical direction, so that the heat exchanger structure can adapt to the operating requirements under different refrigeration loads. Under different refrigeration loads, the flow rate allocated by the upper first heat equalization component is different, and the required height of the first overflow channel is also different, which improves the flexibility of equalizing liquid.

[0140] Under condensing conditions, the liquid collecting and guiding parts can collect the condensate from the upper heat exchange fittings and discharge it centrally through the drain port, preventing the condensate from the upper heat exchange fittings from dripping directly to the lower heat exchange fittings, thereby effectively improving the overall performance.

[0141] The integrated assembly design of the liquid distribution mechanism, gas equalization member, liquid equalization mechanism, liquid collecting and guiding member and supporting member simplifies the production and assembly process of the heat exchanger structure, improves production efficiency and effectively reduces manufacturing costs.

[0142] It should be understood that the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific example embodiments and are not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "one", "an" and "said" as used herein may also be meant to include plural forms. The terms "include", "comprise", "contain", and "have" are inclusive, and therefore specify the existence of stated features, steps, operations, elements and / or parts, but do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, parts, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not interpreted as necessarily requiring them to be performed in the specific order described or illustrated, unless the execution order is clearly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0143] Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or section from another region, layer, or section. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first", "second", and other numerical terms do not imply an order or sequence when used in the text. Thus, the first element, component, region, layer, or section discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or section without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.

[0144] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather will conform to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A heat exchanger structure, characterized in that: include: A shell assembly is provided with a plurality of openings; A plurality of groups of heat exchange pipes are installed in the shell assembly and arranged in sequence along the vertical direction and communicated with the corresponding openings; A liquid distribution mechanism is disposed above the plurality of groups of heat exchange pipes and connected to the shell assembly, the liquid distribution mechanism is communicated with the corresponding openings to replenish liquid refrigerant, and the liquid distribution mechanism is used to spray liquid refrigerant to the corresponding heat exchange pipes; A liquid balancing mechanism connected to the shell assembly and disposed between the plurality of groups of heat exchange pipes, the liquid balancing mechanism being used to collect the liquid refrigerant above and drip it onto the corresponding heat exchange pipes; A liquid collecting and guiding member connected to the liquid equalizing mechanism, used for collecting liquid refrigerant and discharging it through the corresponding opening; as well as The gas distribution component is arranged on the liquid distribution mechanism, and is used to distribute the gaseous refrigerant evenly along a preset direction.

2. The heat exchanger structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid equalizing mechanism comprises a first liquid equalizing component, a second liquid equalizing component and a connecting component, wherein the first liquid equalizing component and the second liquid equalizing component are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction; The first liquid balancing component is used to collect liquid refrigerant, and the liquid refrigerant drips to the corresponding heat exchange pipe below through the first liquid balancing component. The second liquid balancing component is used to collect liquid refrigerant, and the liquid refrigerant drips to the corresponding heat exchange pipe below through the second liquid balancing component. The first liquid equalizing component is connected to the second liquid equalizing component through the connecting component, so that excess liquid refrigerant of the first liquid equalizing component is discharged to the second liquid equalizing component.

3. The heat exchanger structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first liquid balancing component includes a first liquid balancing tray, a first baffle and a first overflow member. The first liquid balancing tray is provided with a first overflow channel and a plurality of first drip holes. The first overflow member is arranged at the first overflow channel. Liquid refrigerant drips through the first drip holes. The first baffle is arranged around the first liquid balancing tray.

4. The heat exchanger structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first overflow member includes a first annular baffle having an upper end and a lower end, the lower end is connected to the first liquid equalizing plate, and the upper end is stepped.

5. The heat exchanger structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The height of the upper end portion increases gradually from the middle portion to both sides of the first annular baffle.

6. The heat exchanger structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second liquid balancing component includes a second liquid balancing tray, a second baffle plate and at least one liquid balancing guide member. The second liquid balancing tray is provided with at least one guide channel and a plurality of second drip holes. The liquid balancing guide member is arranged at the corresponding guide channel. The liquid refrigerant drips through the second drip holes. The second baffle plate is arranged around the second liquid balancing tray.

7. The heat exchanger structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The liquid collecting and guiding member comprises a liquid collecting plate and a liquid collecting member. The liquid collecting plate is provided with a liquid collecting channel and at least one drain port. The drain port is provided corresponding to the liquid balancing and guiding member. The liquid collecting member is provided at the liquid collecting channel.

8. The heat exchanger structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The liquid collecting plate comprises a main plate, a first support plate and a second support plate, and the liquid collecting channel and the drain port are arranged on the main plate; The first support plate and the second support plate are arranged on both sides of the main board, and the first support plate and / or the second support plate are arranged tilted relative to the main board, so that a first preset angle is formed between the first support plate and / or the second support plate and the main board.

9. The heat exchanger structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid distributing mechanism comprises a liquid distributing member, the liquid distributing member is formed with a containing cavity, the containing cavity is communicated with the corresponding opening portion, the liquid distributing member is provided with a plurality of liquid distributing dripping holes, and the plurality of liquid distributing dripping holes are communicated with the containing cavity.

10. The heat exchanger structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas equalizing member comprises two gas equalizing plates, and the two gas equalizing plates are symmetrically arranged on the liquid distributing mechanism; The air equalizing plate includes a bottom plate and a folding plate, the bottom plate is connected to the liquid distributing mechanism, a second preset angle is formed between the bottom plate and the folding plate, and a plurality of air equalizing holes are arranged on the folding plate.

11. The heat exchanger structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multiple groups of heat exchange pipes include a first heat exchange pipe, a second heat exchange pipe and a third heat exchange pipe arranged in sequence along the vertical direction; The first heat exchange pipe is arranged below the liquid distribution mechanism, the second heat exchange pipe is arranged below the first liquid equalizing component, and the third heat exchange pipe is arranged below the second liquid equalizing component.

12. The heat exchanger structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell assembly comprises a shell portion, wherein the shell portion has a first accommodation space, a second accommodation space and a third accommodation space sequentially arranged along the axial direction thereof, wherein the second accommodation space and the third accommodation space are respectively communicated with the corresponding opening portion; Wherein, a plurality of groups of the heat exchange pipes are arranged in the second accommodating space, and the third accommodating space is connected with the first accommodating space through the heat exchange pipes.

13. The heat exchanger structure according to claim 12, characterized in that: The shell portion includes a cylinder, a first side plate, a second side plate, a first side cover and a second side cover; The inner cavity of the cylinder is configured as the second accommodating space, and the first side plate and the second side plate are respectively arranged on both sides of the cylinder along the axial direction of the shell portion to close the second accommodating space; The first side cover is buckled to the first side plate, and the first accommodating space is constructed between the first side cover and the first side plate; The second side cover is buckled to the second side plate, and the third accommodating space is constructed between the second side cover and the second side plate.

14. The heat exchanger structure according to claim 12, characterized in that: The shell assembly also includes at least one support, and the support is connected to the shell portion.

15. The heat exchanger structure according to claim 12, characterized in that: The shell assembly also includes a support member, which is used to support the multiple groups of heat exchange tubes, the liquid distribution mechanism and the liquid equalization mechanism.

16. The heat exchanger structure according to claim 15, characterized in that: The support member includes a plurality of support plates and a plurality of connecting rods, wherein the plurality of support plates are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the heat exchanger structure, and the plurality of support plates are connected by a plurality of connecting rods; wherein the support plates are provided with a plurality of avoidance portions.

17. The heat exchanger structure according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that: The opening portion at least comprises: Heat exchange refrigerant outlet, heat exchange refrigerant inlet, liquid refrigerant inlet, liquid refrigerant outlet, gaseous refrigerant inlet and gaseous refrigerant outlet.

18. An air-cooled heat pump unit, characterized in that: It comprises a unit body and a heat exchanger structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the heat exchanger structure is installed to the unit body.

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