Lithium battery thermal runaway instantaneous pressure testing device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and provides a lithium battery thermal runaway instantaneous pressure testing device, which comprises a clamp for fixing a battery to be tested, a horizontal guide rail arranged on the clamp, a slidable testing assembly arranged on the horizontal guide rail, and a pressure sensor arranged on the testing assembly, the testing assembly comprises a locking device, a horizontal lead screw, a vertical lead screw and a pressure testing module, the pressure testing module comprises a pressure sensor, a blocking net and a puncture device, the puncture device comprises a rotating handle and a puncture needle, the locking device is installed on the horizontal guide rail, a support is arranged on the locking device, and one end of the horizontal lead screw is connected to the support; one end of the vertical lead screw is connected with a rotating handle, the other end of the vertical lead screw is connected with a pressure testing module, the rotating handle is connected with a puncture needle through a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft penetrates through the vertical lead screw, the puncture needle is arranged in the pressure testing module, and a blocking net is arranged below the puncture needle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of lithium-ion batteries, in particular to a device for testing the instantaneous pressure of a lithium battery during thermal runaway. Background Technique

[0002] The statements in this part only provide background technical information related to the utility model and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] During the cyclic use of lithium-ion batteries, a series of chemical reactions occur between the electrolyte and the positive and negative electrodes, and a certain amount of gas is generated at the same time. The gas generated by the battery core will cause harm to the battery and increase the risk of battery thermal runaway. Evaluating the gas production of lithium batteries and the pressure received by the explosion-proof valve under different usage environments and different usage degrees is of great significance for the research on the battery health state and the improvement of battery design at the same stage.

[0004] For the current experimental devices used, the pressure test of battery gas production mainly involves drilling holes in the battery, implanting pressure sensors in the battery, then using a strong adhesive to seal and reinforce, and then analyzing the battery gas production pressure. The existing technology requires drilling and implanting operations on the battery, which have great difficulties and risks in operation, and there are problems with the reliability of the seal, and it is impossible to safely and efficiently test and analyze the battery gas production situation. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the above background technique, the utility model provides a device for testing the instantaneous pressure of a lithium battery during thermal runaway, and the utility model realizes safe and efficient monitoring of the gas production of lithium batteries and obtains the gas production states at each stage of the battery.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The utility model provides a device for testing the instantaneous pressure of a lithium battery during thermal runaway.

[0008] A device for testing the instantaneous pressure of a lithium battery during thermal runaway includes: a fixture for fixing the battery to be tested, a horizontal guide rail is installed on the fixture, a slidable test component is arranged on the horizontal guide rail, the test component includes a locking device, a horizontal lead screw, a vertical lead screw and a pressure test module, the pressure test module includes a pressure sensor, a blocking net and a puncture device, the puncture device includes a rotating handle and a puncture needle, the locking device is installed on the horizontal guide rail, a bracket is arranged on the locking device, one end of the horizontal lead screw is connected to the bracket, the other end is connected to the middle of the vertical lead screw, one end of the vertical lead screw is connected to the rotating handle, the other end is connected to the pressure test module, the rotating handle is connected to the puncture needle through a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft penetrates through the vertical lead screw, the puncture needle is arranged inside the pressure test module, and a blocking net is arranged below the puncture needle.

[0009] In some embodiments, the horizontal lead screw rotates around the bracket in the horizontal direction.

[0010] In some embodiments, the vertical lead screw adjusts its position in the vertical direction by rotation.

[0011] In some embodiments, the fixture includes two clamping plates and bolts. The two clamping plates clamp the battery to be tested in the middle and are fixed by bolts.

[0012] In some embodiments, a battery explosion-proof valve opening is provided on the battery.

[0013] In some embodiments, the rotating shaft passes through the blocking net.

[0014] In some embodiments, the rotating handle is used to adjust the vertical position of the puncture needle so that the puncture needle can penetrate the aluminum film of the explosion-proof valve.

[0015] In some embodiments, the pressure sensor is used to test the pressure of the released gas.

[0016] In some embodiments, the locking device fixes the test assembly on the horizontal guide rail through the bottom locking bolt.

[0017] In some embodiments, the horizontal guide rail is fixed outside the flat fixture.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0019] The present utility model can test the instantaneous pressure received by the battery explosion-proof valve opening without drilling holes to implant the pressure sensor, and can realize the analysis of the gas production situation of lithium batteries.

[0020] The present utility model does not require operations such as drilling holes, implanting, and sealing on the battery, eliminates operation risks, and improves safety and efficiency.

[0021] The pressure test module of the present utility model can adapt to various models of batteries by changing different shapes to meet the test requirements of most batteries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The attached drawings forming a part of this specification are used to provide a further understanding of the present utility model. The schematic embodiments of the present utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the present utility model and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present utility model.

[0023] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of the lithium battery thermal runaway instantaneous pressure test device shown by the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of the vertical lead screw shown by the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 It is the structural diagram of the pressure test module shown by the present utility model;

[0026] Among them, 1. flat fixture, 2. horizontal guide rail, 3. locking device, 4. horizontal lead screw, 5. vertical lead screw, 6. pressure test module, 7. pressure sensor, 8. blocking net, 9. puncture needle, 10. rotating handle, 11. battery under test, 12. battery explosion-proof valve port. Specific implementation mode

[0027] The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0028] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are all illustrative and are intended to provide further explanations for the present utility model. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present utility model belongs.

[0029] Embodiment 1

[0030] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment provides a lithium battery thermal runaway instantaneous pressure test device, including:

[0031] The flat fixture 1 is fixed on the battery under test 11 through four-corner bolts and is fixed to the battery under test 11 by applying pressure;

[0032] Specifically, the flat fixture 1 is firmly fixed on the battery under test 11 through four-corner bolts to ensure the stability and safety of the battery under test 11 during the test. The design of the flat fixture 1 allows it to be closely attached to the battery under test 11 by applying appropriate pressure to prevent movement during the test.

[0033] The horizontal guide rail 2 is fixedly connected to the flat fixture 1 by welding;

[0034] Specifically, the horizontal guide rail 2 is fixedly connected to the flat fixture 1 by welding, providing a stable horizontal movement platform for the subsequent test components. The design of the horizontal guide rail 2 enables the test components to accurately adjust their positions in the horizontal direction to adapt to batteries of different sizes or test requirements.

[0035] The test components include: a locking device 3, a horizontal lead screw 4, a vertical lead screw 5, and a pressure test module 6.

[0036] The locking device 3 moves along the horizontal guide rail 2 and is fixed by a bottom locking bolt after moving to a suitable position;

[0037] Specifically, the locking device 3 is located on the horizontal guide rail 2 and can be moved along the horizontal guide rail 2 to a suitable position and then fixed by the bottom locking bolt. The function of the locking device 3 is to keep the test assembly stable during the test process and prevent position deviation caused by external forces or vibrations.

[0038] The horizontal lead screw 4 adjusts the horizontal position by rotation;

[0039] Specifically, by rotating the horizontal lead screw 4, the horizontal position of the test assembly can be precisely adjusted. This function enables the test assembly to easily align with specific test points on the battery under test 11, such as the battery explosion-proof valve opening 12.

[0040] The vertical lead screw 5 adjusts the vertical position by rotation to bring the pressure test module 6 closer to the battery explosion-proof valve opening 12;

[0041] Specifically, the vertical lead screw 5 is similar to the horizontal lead screw 4. The vertical lead screw 5 adjusts the vertical position of the test assembly by rotation. This function is mainly used to adjust the distance between the pressure test module 6 and the battery explosion-proof valve opening 12 to ensure that the pressure change can be accurately captured during the test.

[0042] The pressure test module 6 is adapted to the size of the explosion-proof valve and includes a pressure sensor 7, a barrier net 8, and a puncture device;

[0043] Specifically, the pressure test module 6 is the core part of the lithium battery thermal runaway instantaneous pressure test device described in the present utility model and includes a pressure sensor 7, a barrier net 8, and a puncture device. The pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure released from the battery explosion-proof valve opening 12 in real time. The pressure test module 6 ensures a tight fit with the battery explosion-proof valve opening 12. The barrier net 8 prevents the aluminum film from splashing and blocking the pressure sensor after the explosion-proof valve is opened during the test, affecting the accuracy of the test results. The puncture device includes a puncture needle 9 and a rotating handle 10. The puncture needle 9 passes through the barrier net 8 through a rotating shaft, as Figure 2 shown. The rotating handle 10 is used to adjust the vertical position of the puncture needle so that the puncture needle 9 can penetrate the aluminum film of the explosion-proof valve to simulate the pressure release process during battery thermal runaway.

[0044] As Figure 3 shown, the bottom surface of the pressure test module 6 is the barrier net 8, the pressure sensor 7 is on the inner wall of the pressure test module 6, the bottom of the vertical lead screw 5 extends into the pressure test module 6 and there is a puncture needle 9, and the puncture needle 9 can pass through the barrier net 8 to pierce the aluminum film of the lithium battery explosion-proof valve.

[0045] The pressure sensor 7 is used to test the pressure of the released gas;

[0046] The puncture needle 9 can be used to puncture the aluminum film of explosion-proof valves of different types of lithium batteries. It is connected to the pressure test module 6 through a rotating shaft. The design of the rotating shaft not only ensures the stability of the puncture needle 9 during the puncture process but also facilitates the subsequent resetting and cleaning of the puncture needle 9.

[0047] The puncture needle applies a puncture force through the rotating handle 10, enabling the puncture needle 9 to accurately and quickly penetrate the aluminum film of the lithium battery explosion-proof valve. It can simulate the key link of the explosion-proof valve opening during the battery thermal runaway process, which helps to obtain accurate pressure release data.

[0048] Specifically, the battery under test 11 is the test object of this device, and the explosion-proof valve on it is the key part during the test. By testing the pressure release situation of the explosion-proof valve port 12 of the battery at the moment of thermal runaway, the safety performance of the battery under test 11 can be evaluated.

[0049] As an important safety component of the lithium battery, the explosion-proof valve will automatically open when the internal pressure of the battery rises abnormally, releasing the internal pressure to prevent the battery from exploding. This device precisely evaluates the safety performance of the battery by testing the pressure release situation of the explosion-proof valve at the moment of thermal runaway.

[0050] Test principle: Fix the battery under test 11 using the flat fixture 1, align the pressure test module 6 with the explosion-proof valve port 12 of the battery, turn on the pressure sensor 7 to record pressure data, place the pressure test module 6 into the explosion-proof box, and perform puncture by rotating the puncture needle 9 on the pressure test module 6 to trigger the release of gas inside the battery; the instantaneous pressure can be measured after the battery under test 11 ruptures.

[0051] The present utility model can test the instantaneous pressure on the battery explosion-proof valve without punching and implanting a pressure sensor, and can analyze the gas production situation of the lithium battery. Since operations such as punching, implanting, and sealing the battery are not required, the operation risks are eliminated, and the safety and efficiency are improved. In addition, the pressure test module can adapt to various types of batteries by changing different shapes to meet the test requirements of most batteries.

[0052] In one or more embodiments, when no puncture test is performed, connect an air bag to collect the gas generated by the battery, and use a gas chromatograph or a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry instrument for gas production analysis.

[0053] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to the present utility model. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A lithium battery thermal runaway transient pressure test device, characterized in that: include: A fixture for fixing a battery to be tested is provided with a horizontal guide rail installed on the fixture, a slidable test component is provided on the horizontal guide rail, the test component includes a locking device, a horizontal screw, a vertical screw and a pressure test module, the pressure test module includes a pressure sensor, a blocking net and a puncture device, the puncture device includes a rotating handle and a puncture needle, the locking device is installed on the horizontal guide rail, and a bracket is provided on the locking device, the bracket is connected to one end of the horizontal screw, and the other end is connected to the middle of the vertical screw, one end of the vertical screw is connected to the rotating handle, and the other end is connected to the pressure test module, the rotating handle is connected to the puncture needle through a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft passes through the vertical screw, the puncture needle is arranged inside the pressure test module, and a blocking net is provided under the puncture needle.

2. The lithium battery thermal runaway transient pressure testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal direction lead screw rotates around the bracket in the horizontal direction.

3. The lithium battery thermal runaway transient pressure testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical direction lead screw is adjusted in its vertical direction by rotating.

4. The lithium battery thermal runaway transient pressure testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp comprises two clamping plates and bolts. The two clamping plates clamp the battery to be tested in the middle and are fixed by the bolts.

5. The lithium battery thermal runaway transient pressure testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery is provided with a battery explosion-proof valve port.

6. The lithium battery thermal runaway transient pressure testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft passes through the blocking net.

7. The lithium battery thermal runaway transient pressure testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating handle is used to adjust the vertical position of the puncture needle so that the puncture needle can penetrate the aluminum film of the explosion-proof valve.

8. The lithium battery thermal runaway transient pressure testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure sensor is used to test the pressure of the released gas.

9. The lithium battery thermal runaway transient pressure testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking device fixes the test assembly on the horizontal guide rail through the bottom locking bolt.

10. The lithium battery thermal runaway transient pressure testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal guide rail is fixed on the outside of the flat plate fixture.

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