High-adaptability slope anchor rod pull-out test device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a high-adaptability slope anchor rod pull-out test device, which belongs to the technical field of anchor rod pull-out test devices, and comprises a base plate and a fixed plate, the base plate is hinged with the fixed plate, the base plate is provided with a lower through hole matched with an anchor rod, and the fixed plate is provided with an upper through hole matched with the anchor rod. A plurality of screws are hinged to the end, away from the hinged position of the base plate and the fixing plate, of the base plate, the fixing plate is provided with a plurality of screw through holes matched with the screws respectively, the screw through holes are long through holes, at least one of the upper through hole and the lower through hole is a long through hole, and the long edge of each long through hole is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft. The device can adapt to gradient changes and anchor rod angle changes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of bolt pull - out test devices, and particularly relates to a high - adaptability slope bolt pull - out test device. Background Technique

[0002] In engineering construction, it is necessary to drive bolts on the slope inclined plane. When the bolts are in use, they will be subjected to the force of pulling out along their own axis. To test the anchoring quality of the bolts, generally, a pull - out test is carried out on the bolts driven on the inclined plane. During the test, it is necessary to set up a through - hole jack to apply a force along the axis of the bolt outward, that is, the pull - out force, until the design requirements are met or the bolt loosens. For the purpose of reducing the influence on the test, during the bolt pull - out test, the pull - out force is parallel to the axis of the bolt. Secondly, there should be no contact between the bolt and the through - hole jack, and the reaction device for supporting the through - hole jack needs to be strong enough.

[0003] The reaction device includes a contact surface with the slope and a jack support surface. Generally, a sufficiently strong reaction device cannot independently adjust the angle between the slope contact surface and the jack support surface according to the slope of the slope inclined plane. Often, operators need to fabricate the reaction device on - site according to the on - site slope. And the reaction device that can adjust the angle between the slope contact surface and the jack support surface is often not strong enough. For this reason, Chinese Patent CN216386571U discloses a slope bolt pull - out test device including a reaction component, a loading component, and a connecting rope. The reaction component includes a lower bearing plate, an upper bearing plate, a support screw, a support nut, an upper spherical hinge, and a lower spherical hinge; the upper bearing plate is provided with a first through - hole and a second through - hole for the test bolt or the through - hole jack to pass through; the support nut is screwed with the support screw and abuts against the lower end surface of the upper bearing plate; the loading component includes a through - hole jack and an anchor head, and the test bolt passes through the first through - hole, the through - hole jack and is fixed to the anchor head; one end of the connecting rope is fixed to the upper slope, and the other end is locked to the lower bearing plate; its reaction component can adjust the angle, is stable, and can reduce the influence of external factors on the test accuracy and improve the accuracy of on - site tests; in the above scheme, the bolt extends out through the first through - hole, leaving the contact surface with the jack. However, when the dimension of the first through - hole perpendicular to the ground is small, the bolt can only smoothly extend out of the first through - hole when it is within a certain range of the angle with the ground. After the angle of the bolt relative to the slope changes, the reaction device cannot function. For this reason, a high - adaptability slope bolt pull - out test device that can adapt to both slope changes and bolt angle changes is needed. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] To solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a high - adaptability slope bolt pull - out test device, which has the characteristics of adaptability to slope changes and bolt angle changes.

[0005] The object of the present utility model can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A high-adaptability slope anchor pulling test device, comprising a base plate and a fixing plate, the base plate and the fixing plate are hinged to each other, the base plate is provided with a lower through hole for the anchor rod, the fixing plate is provided with an upper through hole for the anchor rod, one end of the base plate far from the hinge with the fixing plate is hinged with a plurality of screw rods, the fixing plate is respectively provided with a plurality of screw rod through holes for the plurality of screw rods, and the plurality of screw rod through holes are all long through holes, and at least one of the upper through hole and the lower through hole is a long through hole.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present utility model, a reinforcing plate is arranged at the position of the upper through hole on the fixing plate, the reinforcing plate is arranged on the surface of the fixing plate far from the base plate, the reinforcing plate is dug with a through hole having the same shape as the upper through hole, the through hole and the upper through hole coincide axially, and the reinforcing plate is detachably connected to the anchor rod.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present utility model, the reinforcing plate is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs, the plurality of reinforcing ribs are divided into two groups, and the two groups of reinforcing ribs are perpendicular to each other.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present utility model, an extension plate is detachably arranged on the side surface of the base plate, and the extension plate is arranged flush with the base plate.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present utility model, a detachable support plate is arranged on the surface of the fixing plate, and the support plate is used for supporting a jack.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present utility model, a reference scale is printed on the surface of any screw rod through hole and any screw rod.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0013] (1) By setting the upper through hole, the lower through hole and the plurality of screw rod through holes as long through holes, when the angle between the anchor rod and the ground or the slope angle changes, resulting in the junction of the anchor rod and the base plate or the fixing plate being closer to or farther from the lower edge of the base plate, the lower through hole and the upper through hole can cover the anchor pile, so that the pulling test device can adapt to different slope gradients and anchor rod angles;

[0014] (2) By arranging the reinforcing plate to provide support for the fixing plate below the fixing plate, while ensuring that the experimental device can adapt to different slope gradients and anchor rod angles, the structural strength is ensured. Description of the Drawings

[0015] For the convenience of those skilled in the art to understand, the present utility model will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of another upper through hole and lower through hole shape scheme of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model disposed on a slope;

[0019] Figure 4 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the structure when it is arranged on slopes with different slopes.

[0020] Description of main component symbols:

[0021] In the figure: 1, base plate; 11, lower through hole; 2, fixing plate; 21, upper through hole; 22, screw through hole; 23, reinforcing plate; 3, screw; 31, bolt; 4, through-hole jack; 5, anchor rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose of the utility model, the specific implementation method, structure, characteristics and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0023] See also Figures 1-4 , a highly adaptable slope anchor pull-out test device, comprising a base plate 1 and a fixing plate 2, the base plate 1 and the fixing plate 2 are hinged to each other, the base plate 1 is provided with a lower through hole 11 for cooperating with the anchor rod 5, and the fixing plate 2 is provided with an upper through hole 21 for cooperating with the anchor rod 5; specifically, the base plate 1 and the fixing plate 2 are both rectangular plates, the short sides of the rectangular base plate 1 and the fixing plate 2 are equal in length, the base plate 1 is provided with a rotating shaft of equal length to the short sides on its two short sides, the fixing plate 2 is provided on the rotating shaft, the short side of the fixing plate 2 coincides with the short side of the base plate 1, at this time, the base plate 1 and the fixing plate 2 are hinged to each other through the rotating shaft, at the same time, the base plate 1 is provided with a lower through hole 11 for cooperating with the anchor rod 5, in this embodiment, the diameter of the lower through hole 11 is 30 to 50 mm larger than that of the anchor rod 5, the fixing plate 2 is provided with an upper through hole 21 for cooperating with the anchor rod 5, and the upper through hole 21 and the lower through hole 11 are used to pass the anchor rod 5;

[0024] In addition, a plurality of screw rods 3 are arranged on another rotating shaft of the base plate 1. In this embodiment, there are two screw rods 3, which are hinged to one end of the base plate 1 away from the fixed plate 2 through the rotating shaft. The fixed plate 2 cooperates with the plurality of screw rods 3 to respectively open a plurality of screw through holes 22, and the screw through holes 22 are used to pass through the screw rods 3. After the screw rods 3 are provided with bolts 31, the area of ​​the fixed plate 2 near the screw through holes 22 is laid on the bolts 31. At this time, the three sides of the experimental device form a triangular structure through the cooperation of the two rotating shafts and the bolts 31 with the fixed plate 2.

[0025] During use, first pass the screw rod 3 through the corresponding screw rod through-hole 22. Then, place the substrate 1 parallel to the slope and the rotating shaft parallel to the ground. Subsequently, adjust the angle between the fixing plate 2 and the substrate 1 to a state perpendicular to the anchor rod 5. During this process, adjust the angle between the screw rod 3 and the substrate 1 until the screw rod 3 is perpendicular to the fixing plate 2, and screw on the bolt 31 on the screw rod 3 to ensure that the fixing plate 2 is connected to the surface of the bolt 31 and perpendicular to the screw rod 3. After setting, the substrate 1 can be attached to the surface of the slope. And after the anchor pile passes through the lower through-hole 11 on the substrate 1 and the upper through-hole 21 on the fixing plate 2, it can ensure that the axis of the jack 4 passing through the center and perpendicular to the fixing plate 2 is parallel to the axis of the anchor pile. Subsequently, the jack 4 passing through the center is connected to the anchor rod 5 and applies an outward pulling force to the anchor rod 5. The anchor rod 5 applies a reaction force to the jack 4 passing through the center. At this time, the screw rod 3 perpendicular to the fixing plate 2 completes the support of the fixing plate 2 through the bolt 31 on it. The screw rod 3 transmits the reaction force to the substrate 1. The substrate 1 is attached to the slope to provide support for the screw rod 3 and the fixing plate 2, and the pulling test of the slope anchor rod 5 is completed.

[0026] In the above structure, it can only be used for the case where the relative angle between the anchor rod 5 and the slope is fixed. When the pulling test device is used for another slope with a different gradient after the pulling test on a certain slope, it is necessary to synchronously adjust the angles of the fixing plate 2 and the substrate 1 to ensure that the substrate 1 is still parallel to the slope surface and the fixing plate 2 is perpendicular to the axis of the anchor rod 5. However, when the area of the upper through-hole 21 or the lower through-hole 11 is small, after the fixing plate 2 and the substrate 1 rotate, the covered area of the connection line between the upper through-hole 21 and the lower through-hole 11 cannot completely cover the anchor rod 5. At this time, the anchor rod 5 cannot smoothly pass through the two through-holes and thus cannot be connected to the jack 4 passing through the center on the fixing plate 2. To ensure that when the substrate 1 and the fixing plate 2 rotate to different angles, the screw rod 3 can always be perpendicular to the fixing plate 2, and the covered area of the connection line between the upper through-hole 21 and the lower through-hole 11 can completely cover the anchor rod 5 at different angles for the pulling test of slopes with different gradients and screw rods 3 at different angles, a plurality of screw rod through-holes 22 are all long through-holes. At the same time, one of the upper through-hole 21 and the lower through-hole 11 is a long through-hole, or optionally, both of the upper through-hole 21 and the lower through-hole 11 are long through-holes;

[0027] Specifically, the long side of each oval hole is perpendicular to the center line of the rotating shaft. When the slope angle of the slope surface and the angle between the anchor rod 5 and the ground change, for example, originally the anchor rod 5 passes through the A position of the lower through hole 11 and then through the B position of the upper through hole 21. When the angle between the anchor rod 5 and the ground or the slope angle becomes smaller, the A position of the lower through hole 11 or the B position of the upper through hole 21 is closer to the rotating shaft below the substrate 1. At this time, it is necessary to increase the area of the upper through hole 21 or the lower through hole 11 along the position towards the rotating shaft below the substrate 1 in order to cover the anchor pile in the new scenario. By setting the upper through hole 21 or the lower through hole 11, and several screw through holes 22 as long through holes, when the angle between the anchor rod 5 and the ground or the slope angle changes, resulting in the junction of the anchor rod 5 and the substrate 1 or the fixing plate 2 being closer to or farther from the lower edge of the substrate 1, the lower through hole 11 and the upper through hole 21 can cover the anchor pile, so that the pull-out test device can adapt to different slope gradients and anchor rod 5 angles.

[0028] In the above structure, since the area of the upper through hole 21 on the fixing plate 2 is increased, the structural strength of the fixing plate 2 that provides support for the jack 4 passing through the center is reduced at this time, and there is a probability that the fixing plate 2 will deform or even break, and the support function cannot be completed. To strengthen the structure of the fixing plate 2, a reinforcing plate 23 is provided at the position of the upper through hole 21 on the fixing plate 2. The reinforcing plate 23 is provided with a through hole having the same shape as the upper through hole 21, and the reinforcing plate 23 is detachably connected to the anchor rod 5.

[0029] Specifically, the reinforcing plate 23 is also a rectangular plate. A through hole having the same shape as the upper through hole 21 is provided at the center of the reinforcing plate 23. One side of the reinforcing plate 23 is attached to the side of the fixing plate 2 away from the substrate 1, and a clamp is provided on the other side. The clamp is arranged on both sides of the through hole and is used to clamp the anchor rod 5 in the through hole, so that the reinforcing plate 23 is maintained in the position attached to the fixing plate 2.

[0030] During use, after adjusting the angle between the substrate 1 and the fixing plate 2, the reinforcing plate 23 is attached to the side of the fixing plate 2 away from the substrate 1, and the through hole of the reinforcing plate 23 is aligned with the upper through hole 21. Then, the anchor pile passes through the lower through hole 11, the through hole and the upper through hole 21 in sequence, and the substrate 1 is attached to the slope surface. When the jack 4 applies pressure to the fixing plate 2, the reinforcing plate 23 provides support for the fixing plate 2 below the fixing plate 2, ensuring the structural strength while ensuring that the experimental device can adapt to different slope gradients and anchor rod 5 angles.

[0031] To further increase the structural strength of the reinforcement plate 23 and further ensure the structural strength of the fixed plate 2, a number of reinforcing ribs are provided on the reinforcement plate 23. The number of reinforcing ribs is divided into two groups, and the two groups of reinforcing ribs are perpendicular to each other. Specifically, each reinforcing rib is a rib protruding from the surface of the fixed plate 2, and the material of the rib is the same as that of the reinforcement plate 23. When the through-hole jack 4 applies pressure to the fixed plate 2 under the reaction force and then acts on the reinforcement plate 23, causing the reinforcement plate 23 to tend to bend, the number of reinforcing ribs prevents the reinforcement plate 23 from bending, completing the reinforcement of the structural strength of the reinforcement plate 23.

[0032] During the process of testing the above structure, the reaction force of the through-hole jack 4 on the experimental device will ultimately act on the base plate 1. The base plate 1 is in contact with the slope, that is, the base plate 1 plays a role in supporting the entire experimental device. When the base plate 1 bears the force, the larger the area of the base plate 1, the lower the pressure received by the base plate 1, and the lower the probability of damage to the base plate 1. To reduce the probability of damage to the base plate 1, an extension plate is detachably provided on the side of the base plate 1, and the extension plate is flush with the base plate 1;

[0033] Specifically, in this embodiment, the extension plate is rectangular, and there are two extension plates in total. One side edge of the two extension plates is provided with a bolt. The two side edges of the rectangular base plate 1 without a rotating shaft are provided with bolt holes for cooperating with the bolts. When in use, after the angle between the base plate 1 and the fixed plate 2 is adjusted, the bolts of the extension plate are inserted into the corresponding bolt holes, so that the area of the base plate 1 becomes larger. During the operation of the experimental device, the extension plate and the base plate 1 bear the pressure of the through-hole jack 4 together, reducing the pressure received by the base plate 1 and the probability of damage to the base plate 1.

[0034] After the experimental device is set up, the surface of the fixed plate 2 on the side bearing the through-hole jack 4 is inclined. When the jack is placed on it to pull out the anchor bolt 5, although there is a reaction force provided by the anchor bolt 5 towards the fixed plate 2 on the through-hole jack 4, which increases the friction between the through-hole jack 4 and the bearing plate, the through-hole jack 4 still has a tendency to slide downwards. To prevent the through-hole jack 4 from sliding down and keep the through-hole jack 4 in place, a detachable support plate is provided on the surface of the fixed plate 2. The support plate is used to support the jack. Specifically, a support hole is provided on the fixed plate 2, and the support plate is inserted into the support hole. The support plate is perpendicular to the fixed plate 2, and the support plate is in contact with the through-hole jack 4. When the through-hole jack 4 has a tendency to slide down, the support plate holds up the through-hole jack 4 to prevent it from sliding down.

[0035] During the process of adjusting the fixing plate 2 to be perpendicular to the screw 3, there is a probability that the angle adjustment of the fixing plate 2 is inaccurate, the fixing plate 2 is not perpendicular to the screw 3, the fixing plate 2 cannot be fully attached to the bolt 31 of the screw 3, and the fixing effect of the bolt 31 on the fixing plate 2 becomes poor. To enable the operator to more conveniently see whether the fixing plate 2 is perpendicular to the screw 3, reference scales are printed on the surface of the screw 3 and near the screw through hole 22;

[0036] Specifically, the screw through hole 22 is an elongated through hole, and the scale is printed on the side of the long side of the elongated through hole. The value of each scale is the distance from this scale to the axis line of the rotating shaft of the fixing plate 2. The operator can determine the length of the part of the fixing plate 2 located between the screw 3 and the rotating shaft by observing the value of the scale pointing to the screw 3. At the same time, the value of each scale on the screw 3 is the distance from this scale to the axis line of the rotating shaft of the screw 3;

[0037] During use, since the length of the substrate 1 is known, when the screw 3 passes through the fixing plate 2 from the screw through hole 22 and the operator adjusts the angle of the fixing plate 2, the operator can obtain the length of the part of the screw 3 located between the fixing plate 2 and the substrate 1 and the length of the part of the fixing plate 2 located between the screw 3 and the rotating shaft through the reference scale. At this time, the lengths of the three sides of the triangular structure constituting the support structure are known. The operator calculates the angle through the sine theorem and the cosine theorem, and then knows whether the angle is adjusted in place. By setting the reference scale, the accuracy of the adjustment is improved.

[0038] The working principle and usage process of the present utility model:

[0039] During use, first pass the screw 3 through the corresponding screw through hole 22, then place the substrate 1 parallel to the slope and the rotating shaft parallel to the ground. Then adjust the included angle between the fixing plate 2 and the substrate 1 to a state perpendicular to the anchor rod 5. During this process, adjust the included angle between the screw 3 and the substrate 1 until the screw 3 is perpendicular to the fixing plate 2, and screw on the bolt 31 on the screw 3 to ensure that the fixing plate 2 is connected to the surface of the bolt 31 and perpendicular to the screw 3. After setting, the substrate 1 can be attached to the surface of the slope. And after the anchor pile passes through the fixing plate 2, it can ensure that the axis of the through-hole jack 4, which is perpendicular to the fixing plate 2 and perpendicular to each other, is parallel to the axis of the anchor pile. Subsequently, the through-hole jack 4 is connected to the anchor rod 5 and applies an outward pulling force to the anchor rod 5, and the anchor rod 5 applies a reaction force to the through-hole jack 4. At this time, the screw 3 perpendicular to the fixing plate 2 completes the support of the fixing plate 2 through the bolt 31 on it, and the screw 3 transmits the reaction force to the substrate 1. The substrate 1 is attached to the slope to provide support for the screw 3 and the fixing plate 2, and the pulling test of the slope anchor rod 5 is completed.

[0040] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been disclosed above with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes within the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model by using the above-disclosed technical content. However, as long as it does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present utility model, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A highly adaptable slope anchor pull-out test device, characterized in that: It includes a base plate and a fixed plate, the base plate and the fixed plate are hinged to each other, the base plate is provided with a lower through hole to cooperate with the anchor rod, the fixed plate is provided with an upper through hole to cooperate with the anchor rod, one end of the base plate away from the hinge with the fixed plate is hinged with a plurality of screw rods, the fixed plate is provided with a plurality of screw rod through holes to cooperate with the plurality of screw rods, all of the plurality of screw rod through holes are long through holes, and at least one of the upper through hole and the lower through hole is a long through hole.

2. A highly adaptable slope anchor pull-out test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reinforcing plate is provided on the fixing plate at the position of the upper through hole. The reinforcing plate is provided on the surface of the fixing plate away from the base plate. The reinforcing plate cooperates with the upper through hole to have a through hole with the same shape as the upper through hole. The through hole and the upper through hole overlap in the axial direction. The reinforcing plate is detachably connected to the anchor rod.

3. A highly adaptable slope anchor pull-out test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reinforcing plate is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs, and the plurality of reinforcing ribs are divided into two groups, and the two groups of reinforcing ribs are perpendicular to each other.

4. A highly adaptable slope anchor pull-out test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An extension plate is detachably provided on the side of the base plate, and the extension plate is arranged flush with the base plate.

5. The highly adaptable slope anchor pull-out test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A detachable supporting plate is arranged on the surface of the fixing plate, and the supporting plate is used for supporting the jack.

6. A highly adaptable slope anchor pull-out test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw through hole and any screw surface are printed with reference scales.

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