Mechanical basic principle demonstration device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of demonstration teaching aids, in particular to a mechanical basic principle demonstration device, which comprises a demonstration mechanism used for demonstrating a hydraulic mechanical principle, the demonstration mechanism comprises a base, and the top of the base is fixedly connected with a liquid storage cylinder. According to the utility model, when the drawing rod descends, the piston I can press the hydraulic oil into the three-way seat through the branch through pipe II and the transparent pipe, so that the hydraulic oil can be continuously conveyed into the two hydraulic cylinders II, and the hydraulic cylinders I, the hydraulic cylinders II and the transparent pipe are all made of transparent materials; therefore, a viewer can clearly and intuitively see the flowing direction of the liquid, and the Pascal law in the hydraulic mechanical principle can be demonstrated, that is, when the first piston in the first hydraulic cylinder with the small diameter moves, the second pistons in the two second hydraulic cylinders with the large diameter also move, and therefore the Pascal law can be demonstrated. The principle of uniform pressure transmission of liquid in a closed container and the incompressibility of the liquid are explained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of demonstration teaching aids, specifically a demonstration device for basic mechanical principles. Background Art

[0002] The principle of hydraulic machinery is mainly based on Pascal's principle, that is, when the liquid in a closed container is under pressure, it can transmit the pressure unchanged in all directions. Hydraulic machinery converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy (i.e., pressure energy) through a hydraulic pump, and then uses a hydraulic cylinder or a hydraulic motor to convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy to drive the working mechanism to complete various technological actions. In a closed hydraulic system, the liquid serves as the working medium, and the pressure is transmitted to the piston of the hydraulic cylinder or hydraulic motor through components such as pipelines and control valves, thereby pushing the piston to move. Due to the incompressibility of the liquid, the pressure is almost lossless during the transmission process, enabling long-distance transmission and control. Through a demonstration device for basic hydraulic machinery principles, students can be taught to understand more quickly. When the existing mechanical principle demonstration devices demonstrate the basic mechanical principles of hydraulics, the intuitive level is relatively low, and there is a lack of interactive functions, making it difficult for students to learn the basic principles of hydraulics during the experience process. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a demonstration device for basic mechanical principles to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A demonstration device for basic mechanical principles, comprising:

[0006] A protection mechanism for externally protecting the demonstration device;

[0007] A demonstration mechanism for demonstrating the principle of hydraulic machinery. The demonstration mechanism includes a base, a liquid storage cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the base, an adding pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the liquid storage cylinder, a liquid extraction pipe is fixedly sleeved at the center position of the top plate of the liquid storage cylinder, a first branch pipe is fixedly connected to the end of the liquid extraction pipe, a first one-way valve is fixedly arranged in the first branch pipe, a first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the end of the first branch pipe, the first branch pipe is internally connected to the first hydraulic cylinder, a first piston is slidably sleeved in the first hydraulic cylinder, a pull rod is fixedly connected to the center position of the top of the first piston, and the pull rod is slidably connected to the first hydraulic cylinder.

[0008] Furthermore, the protection mechanism includes:

[0009] A cover body for protecting the demonstration mechanism;

[0010] An acrylic board fixedly connected to the side wall of the cover body;

[0011] The lifting rod is fixedly connected to the top of the cover body.

[0012] Furthermore, extrusion blocks are slidably and embeddedly connected to the opposite side walls of the cover body. The end of each extrusion block is fixedly connected to a moving plate, and a first return spring fixedly connected to the side wall of the cover body is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the moving plate.

[0013] Furthermore, limit clamping blocks are slidably and embeddedly connected to the opposite side walls of the base. The limit clamping blocks are slidably clamped with the cover body, and two second return springs are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the ends of the limit clamping blocks.

[0014] Furthermore, the demonstration mechanism includes:

[0015] The second branch pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first hydraulic cylinder and is communicated with the inside of the first hydraulic cylinder;

[0016] The second one-way valve is fixedly arranged on the second branch pipe;

[0017] The transparent pipe is fixedly connected to the end of the second branch pipe;

[0018] The three-way seat is fixedly connected to the end of the transparent pipe and is communicated with the inside of the transparent pipe.

[0019] Furthermore, two second hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the bottom of the three-way seat. Pistons II are slidably sleeved in the two second hydraulic cylinders. Connecting rods are fixedly connected to the central positions at the bottoms of the two pistons II. A pressing plate is fixed between the bottoms of the two connecting rods. A support frame fixedly connected to the base is fixedly sleeved between the outer walls of the two second hydraulic cylinders.

[0020] Furthermore, control valves are fixedly arranged on both the first branch pipe and the second branch pipe. The materials of both the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder are transparent plastics, and the diameter of the second hydraulic cylinder is twice that of the first hydraulic cylinder.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0022] 1. Teaching staff can manually drive the pumping rod to reciprocate up and down. When the pumping rod rises, it drives piston 1 to rise. Under the action of negative pressure, piston 1 can suck the hydraulic oil in the liquid storage cylinder into hydraulic cylinder 1 through the liquid suction pipe. Due to the action of check valve 1 and check valve 2, the hydraulic oil in branch pipe 1 and branch pipe 2 can only be conveyed in one direction. When the pumping rod descends, piston 1 can press the hydraulic oil into the three-way seat through branch pipe 2 and the transparent pipe, so that the hydraulic oil can be continuously conveyed to the two hydraulic cylinders 2. Since hydraulic cylinder 1, hydraulic cylinder 2 and the transparent pipe are all made of transparent materials, the viewers can clearly and intuitively see the flow direction of the liquid. Therefore, it can demonstrate Pascal's law in the hydraulic machinery principle, that is, when piston 1 in the small-diameter hydraulic cylinder 1 moves, piston 2 in the two large-diameter hydraulic cylinders 2 will also move, explaining the principle of uniform pressure transmission of liquid in a closed container and the incompressibility of liquid.

[0023] 2. The demonstrator can place an open-top can under the pressing plate and drive the pumping rod to reciprocate up and down. The two piston 2s can drive the pressing plate to gradually descend through the connecting rod and can crush the empty can. Therefore, it can show how to increase the output force through the hydraulic transmission system. By applying a small force in hydraulic cylinder 1 and transmitting it through the hydraulic medium to hydraulic cylinder 2, a greater force can be output, thus demonstrating the hydraulic amplification effect of the hydraulic system.

[0024] 3. The demonstrator can explain the applications of the hydraulic principle in daily life, such as the automobile braking system, hydraulic elevator, etc. Through this mechanical principle demonstration device, people can experience the hydraulic amplification effect generated by the hydraulic system by themselves, helping students to understand the basic principle of hydraulic machinery faster and more intuitively. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 is the schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the structure of the protection mechanism in the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the structure of the demonstration mechanism in the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 is the schematic sectional view of the demonstration mechanism in the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 is the schematic diagram of the connection structure of hydraulic cylinder 1 in the present utility model.

[0030] In the figure: 100, protection mechanism; 101, cover body; 102, acrylic board; 103, lifting rod; 104, extrusion block; 105, moving plate; 106, first reset spring; 200, demonstration mechanism; 201, base; 202, limit block; 203, second reset spring; 204, liquid storage cylinder; 205, adding pipe; 206, liquid extraction pipe; 207, first branch pipe; 208, first one-way valve; 209, first hydraulic cylinder; 210, first piston; 211, extraction rod; 212, second branch pipe; 213, second one-way valve; 214, transparent pipe; 215, three-way seat; 216, second hydraulic cylinder; 217, second piston; 218, connecting rod; 219, pressing plate; 220, support frame; 221, control valve. Detailed implementation manner

[0031] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] Please refer to Figures 1-5, in the embodiment of the present utility model, a mechanical basic principle demonstration device includes: a protection mechanism 100 for externally protecting the demonstration device; a demonstration mechanism 200 for demonstrating the hydraulic machinery principle. The demonstration mechanism 200 includes a base 201. A liquid storage cylinder 204 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 201. An adding pipe 205 is fixedly connected to the top of the liquid storage cylinder 204. A liquid suction pipe 206 is fixedly sleeved at the center position of the top plate of the liquid storage cylinder 204. One end of the liquid suction pipe 206 is fixedly connected to a first branch pipe 207. A check valve 208 is fixedly arranged in the first branch pipe 207. One end of the first branch pipe 207 is fixedly connected to a first hydraulic cylinder 209. The first branch pipe 207 is internally connected to the first hydraulic cylinder 209. A first piston 210 is slidably sleeved in the first hydraulic cylinder 209. A pull rod 211 is fixedly connected to the center position of the top of the first piston 210. The pull rod 211 is slidably connected to the first hydraulic cylinder 209. The demonstration mechanism 200 includes: a second branch pipe 212 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first hydraulic cylinder 209 and is internally connected to the first hydraulic cylinder 209; a check valve 213 is fixedly arranged on the second branch pipe 212; a transparent pipe 214 is fixedly connected to one end of the second branch pipe 212; a three-way seat 215 is fixedly connected to the end of the transparent pipe 214 and is internally connected to the transparent pipe 214; two second hydraulic cylinders 216 are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the bottom of the three-way seat 215. Second pistons 217 are slidably sleeved in the two second hydraulic cylinders 216. Connecting rods 218 are fixedly connected to the center positions of the bottoms of the two second pistons 217. A pressing plate 219 is fixed between the bottom ends of the two connecting rods 218. A support frame 220 fixedly connected to the base 201 is fixedly sleeved between the outer walls of the two second hydraulic cylinders 216; control valves 221 are fixedly arranged on both the first branch pipe 207 and the second branch pipe 212. The materials of the first hydraulic cylinder 209 and the second hydraulic cylinders 216 are both transparent plastics. The diameter of the second hydraulic cylinder 216 is twice that of the first hydraulic cylinder 209.

[0033] Specifically, the teaching staff can manually reciprocally drive the pull rod 211 to lift and lower. When the pull rod 211 rises, it drives the first piston 210 to rise. Under the action of negative pressure, the first piston 210 can draw the hydraulic oil in the liquid storage cylinder 204 into the first hydraulic cylinder 209 through the liquid suction pipe 206. Due to the action of the first check valve 208 and the second check valve 213, the hydraulic oil in the first branch pipe 207 and the second branch pipe 212 can only be conveyed in one direction. When the pull rod 211 descends, the first piston 210 can press the hydraulic oil into the three-way seat 215 through the second branch pipe 212 and the transparent pipe 214, so that the hydraulic oil can be continuously conveyed to the two second hydraulic cylinders 216. Since the first hydraulic cylinder 209, the second hydraulic cylinders 216 and the transparent pipe 214 are all made of transparent materials, the viewers can clearly and intuitively see the flow direction of the liquid. Therefore, it can demonstrate Pascal's law in the hydraulic machinery principle, that is, when the first piston 210 in the first hydraulic cylinder 209 with a small diameter moves, the second pistons 217 in the two second hydraulic cylinders 216 with a large diameter will also move, explaining the principle of uniform pressure transmission of the liquid in a closed container and the incompressibility of the liquid;

[0034] The demonstrator can place a one-hole beverage can under the pressing plate 219, and by reciprocally driving the pull rod 211 to lift and lower, the two second pistons 217 can drive the pressing plate 219 to gradually descend through the connecting rod 218 and can crush the empty beverage can. Therefore, it can demonstrate how to increase the output force through a hydraulic transmission system. By applying a small force in the first hydraulic cylinder 209 and transmitting it through the hydraulic medium to the second hydraulic cylinders 216, a greater force can be output, thus demonstrating the hydraulic amplification effect of the hydraulic system;

[0035] The demonstrator can explain the applications of the hydraulic principle in daily life, such as the automotive braking system, hydraulic elevators, etc. through the principle demonstrated. With this mechanical principle demonstration device, people can experience the hydraulic amplification effect generated by the hydraulic system by themselves, helping the trainees to understand the basic principles of hydraulic machinery faster and more intuitively.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] As Figure 2 shown, in this embodiment, the protection mechanism 100 includes: a cover body 101 for protecting the demonstration mechanism 200; an acrylic board 102 fixedly connected to the side wall of the cover body 101; a lifting rod 103 fixedly connected to the top of the cover body 101. Extrusion blocks 104 are slidably embedded and connected to the opposite side walls of the cover body 101. The end of the extrusion block 104 is fixedly connected with a moving plate 105. A first return spring 106 fixedly connected to the side wall of the cover body 101 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the moving plate 105. Limit catch blocks 202 are slidably embedded in the opposite side walls of the base 201. The limit catch blocks 202 are slidably clamped with the cover body 101. Two second return springs 203 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the end of the limit catch block 202.

[0038] In this embodiment, a protection mechanism 100 is provided outside the demonstration device. The cover body 101 can be used to protect the demonstration device. The handle rod 103 enables personnel to carry the demonstration device by hand. When it is necessary to demonstrate the mechanical principle, by pressing the moving plate 105, the extrusion block 104 is driven to push the limit clamping block 202 into the base 201, so that the cover body 101 is no longer limited, facilitating the removal of the protection mechanism 100 and convenient for demonstration.

[0039] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present utility model is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present utility model, the present utility model can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present utility model. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0040] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A mechanical basic principle demonstration device, characterized in that: include: A protection mechanism (100) for providing external protection to the demonstration device; The demonstration mechanism (200) is used to demonstrate the principle of hydraulic machinery. The demonstration mechanism (200) comprises a base (201). A liquid storage cylinder (204) is fixedly connected to the top of the base (201). A adding pipe (205) is fixedly connected to the top of the liquid storage cylinder (204). A liquid extraction pipe (206) is fixedly sleeved at the center of the top plate of the liquid storage cylinder (204). A branch pipe (207) is fixedly connected to the end of the liquid extraction pipe (206). The branch pipe (207) is fixedly connected to the top of the liquid storage cylinder (204). A one-way valve (208) is fixedly arranged in the valve body 207, a hydraulic cylinder (209) is fixedly connected to the end of the branch pipe (207), the branch pipe (207) is communicated with the inside of the hydraulic cylinder (209), a piston (210) is slidably sleeved in the hydraulic cylinder (209), a pull rod (211) is fixedly connected at the center position of the top of the piston (210), and the pull rod (211) is slidably connected to the hydraulic cylinder (209).

2. The mechanical basic principle demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protection mechanism (100) comprises: A cover body (101) is used to protect the demonstration mechanism (200); An acrylic plate (102) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cover body (101); The lifting rod (103) is fixedly connected to the top of the cover body (101).

3. The mechanical basic principle demonstration device according to claim 2, characterized in that: An extrusion block (104) is slidably embedded in the opposite side walls of the cover body (101), a moving plate (105) is fixedly connected to the end of the extrusion block (104), and a return spring (106) fixedly connected to the side wall of the cover body (101) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the moving plate (105).

4. The mechanical basic principle demonstration device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting blocks (202) are slidably embedded in the opposite side walls of the base (201), the limiting blocks (202) are slidably engaged with the cover body (101), and two return springs (203) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the ends of the limiting blocks (202).

5. The mechanical basic principle demonstration device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The demonstration mechanism (200) comprises: Branch pipe 2 (212) is fixedly connected to the bottom of hydraulic cylinder 1 (209) and communicates with the interior of hydraulic cylinder 1 (209); A second one-way valve (213) is fixedly arranged on the second branch pipe (212); A transparent tube (214) fixedly connected to the end of the second branch tube (212); The three-way seat (215) is fixedly connected to the end of the transparent tube (214) and communicated with the inside of the transparent tube (214).

6. The mechanical basic principle demonstration device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two hydraulic cylinders (216) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the three-way seat (215), and pistons (217) are slidably sleeved inside the two hydraulic cylinders (216). Connecting rods (218) are fixedly connected at the center positions of the bottoms of the two pistons (217). A pressure plate (219) is fixed between the bottom ends of the two connecting rods (218), and a support frame (220) fixedly connected to the base (201) is fixedly sleeved between the outer walls of the two hydraulic cylinders (216).

7. The mechanical basic principle demonstration device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A control valve (221) is fixedly arranged on the branch pipe 1 (207) and the branch pipe 2 (212). The materials of the hydraulic cylinder 1 (209) and the hydraulic cylinder 2 (216) are both transparent plastics. The diameter of the hydraulic cylinder 2 (216) is twice that of the hydraulic cylinder 1 (209).

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