Blade disc structure runner of water turbine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a water turbine blade disc structure runner, and relates to the field of water turbines. Comprising an upper crown leaf disc and a lower ring leaf disc, upper crown blades are arranged on the upper crown leaf disc, and lower ring blades are arranged on the lower ring leaf disc; the upper crown blades are in one-to-one correspondence with the lower ring blades, and the upper crown blades are matched with the lower ring blades; one side of the matching position of the upper crown inner blade and the lower ring inner blade is an upper crown side, the other side of the matching position of the upper crown inner blade and the lower ring inner blade is a lower ring side, notches are formed in the upper crown side or the lower ring side or two sides, supplementary block blades consistent with the notches in shape are arranged at the notches, and the supplementary block blades are fixedly connected with the upper crown blade and the lower ring blade. And welding seams which are intersected at one point are formed at the joints of the supplementary block blade and the upper crown blade, the supplementary block and the lower ring blade, and the upper crown blade and the lower ring blade. The welding amount, the relief grinding amount and the welding deposited metal amount can be reduced, the manufacturing manufacturability of welding, relief grinding and machining is met, and the operation risk is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of water turbines, and specifically to a runner with a water turbine blade disc structure. Background Art

[0002] Runners are widely used in the hydropower manufacturing industry. The traditional structures of water turbine or pump runners generally adopt the cast-welded structure of the crown, the lower ring and the blades. Due to limitations such as unit capacity, speed, and efficiency, the flow channels of water turbines or pump runners are long and narrow, the blade wrap angle is large, and the space is narrow, resulting in poor welding processability, low production efficiency, and poor manufacturing quality of the runners. The main disadvantages of the cast-welded structure runner of the crown, the lower ring and the blades are as follows: The weld seams are located in the high-stress area of the runner operation, bringing greater operation risks; The crown or the lower ring is used for ring division, and the welding manufacturing process is complex, the manufacturing cycle is long, and it is restricted by the size range of processing equipment and the casting quality.

[0003] The Chinese patent document with the publication number CN116652535A and the publication date of August 29, 2023 discloses a method for manufacturing split runner blades of a low-specific-speed Francis turbine, which indirectly discloses a runner with a water turbine blade disc structure. The runner is cast and processed in four parts: the crown blade disc, the inner lower ring blade disc, the outer lower ring blade disc, and the short blades. The long blades are divided into upper and lower halves along the rotating cutting plane fitting the center line of the crown and the lower ring flow channels. The short blades are the remaining parts of the blades after removing the root transition steps on the crown blade disc side, the inner lower ring blade disc side, and the outer lower ring blade disc side. This invention improves the accessibility of welding, grinding, and non-destructive testing of the runner.

[0004] However, the technical solution with the publication number CN116652535A mentioned above involves a large number of welding operations, including the welding of the crown blade disc and the long blades, the split welding of the long blades, the welding of the crown blade disc and the short blades, the welding of the long blades and the lower ring blade disc, and the welding of the short blades and the lower ring blade disc. The weld quality directly affects the overall performance and life of the runner. Any welding defects (such as cracks, pores, etc.) will have an adverse impact on the operation of the equipment, and the welding amount is relatively large. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model proposes a runner with a water turbine blade disc structure, which can reduce the welding amount, grinding amount, and welding deposited metal amount, and achieve precise segmentation of the runner, meet the manufacturing processability of welding, grinding, and machining, make the weld seams located in the non-high-stress area of the runner operation, and reduce the operation risks.

[0006] The utility model is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] A runner of a water turbine blade disc structure includes a crown blade disc and a band blade disc. A number of crown blades are arranged on the crown blade disc, and a number of band blades are arranged on the band blade disc. The crown blades are spirally distributed at the center point of the crown blade disc, and the band blades are spirally distributed on the band blade disc. The crown blades and the band blades correspond to each other one by one, and the end of the crown blade away from the crown blade disc cooperates with the end of the band blade away from the band blade disc. The crown blade disc and the band blade disc are fixed together at the cooperation position of the crown blade and the band blade. One side of the cooperation position of the crown blade and the band blade is the crown side, and the other side is the band side. A notch is provided on the crown side or the band side or both sides near the center of the runner. A supplementary blade with the same shape as the notch is provided at the notch, and the supplementary blade is fixedly connected to the crown blade and the band blade. A weld seam intersecting at a point is formed at the connection of the supplementary blade and the crown blade, the supplementary blade and the band blade, and the crown blade and the band blade.

[0008] The crown blade disc and the band blade disc are welded and connected at the cooperation position of the crown blade and the band blade.

[0009] One side of the supplementary blade is welded and connected to the crown blade, and the other side is welded and connected to the band blade.

[0010] The connection between the supplementary blade and the crown blade has a smooth transition, and the connection between the supplementary blade and the band blade has a smooth transition.

[0011] The number of the crown blades, the band blades, and the supplementary blades is 7 - 15 pieces.

[0012] The inner crown blade disc and the blade step of the inner crown blade disc are integrally cast, the outer crown blade disc and the blade step of the outer crown blade disc are integrally cast, and the band blade disc and the band blades are integrally cast.

[0013] The thickness of the crown blade and the band blade is the same as that of the supplementary blade.

[0014] The thickness of the supplementary blade is 10 mm - 150 mm.

[0015] The blade wrap angle of the crown blade and the band blade is 30° - 180°.

[0016] The diameters of the crown blade disc and the band blade disc are 1000 mm - 7000 mm.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present utility model are as follows:

[0018] 1. In this utility model, by changing the welding structure of the runner, the runner is designed into three parts: the upper crown blade disc, the lower ring blade disc, and the runner outlet edge supplementary block blade. Adopting the structure of blade disc plus supplementary block can reduce the welding amount, grinding amount, and welding deposited metal amount, and at the same time can reduce the welding residual stress, avoid the high stress area of the runner during operation, and improve the production efficiency. At the same time, the change of the structure changes the weld position, can flexibly adjust the welding and assembly sequence, and the welding processability becomes better, meeting the manufacturing processability of welding, grinding, and machining, making the weld located in the non-high stress area of the runner operation and reducing the operation risk.

[0019] 2. In this utility model, the connection between the supplementary block blade and the upper crown blade and the lower ring blade has a smooth transition, ensuring the stability and reliability of the runner. Description of the Drawings

[0020] The following will further elaborate on this utility model in conjunction with the specification drawings and specific embodiments, where:

[0021] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the runner in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the runner in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the runner in Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 is this utility model Figure 1 the schematic diagram of the A - A cross-section;

[0025] Figure 5 is this utility model Figure 1 the schematic diagram of the B - B cross-section;

[0026] Figure 6 is the overall three-dimensional schematic diagram of the runner in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0027] Markings in the figure:

[0028] 1. Upper crown blade disc, 2. Lower ring blade disc, 3. Supplementary block blade, 4. Lower ring blade, 5. Upper crown blade. Specific Embodiments

[0029] Embodiment 1

[0030] This embodiment provides a runner with a blade disc structure for a water turbine, as Figure 1 , Figures 4 - 6, including an upper crown vane disc 1 and a lower ring vane disc 2. A number of upper crown vanes 5 are arranged on the upper crown vane disc 1, and a number of lower ring vanes 4 are arranged on the lower ring vane disc 2. The upper crown vanes 5 are spirally distributed at the center point of the upper crown vane disc 1, and the lower ring vanes 4 are spirally distributed on the lower ring vane disc 2; the upper crown vanes 5 and the lower ring vanes 4 are in one-to-one correspondence, and the end of the upper crown vane 5 away from the upper crown vane disc 1 cooperates with the end of the lower ring vane 4 away from the lower ring vane disc 2. The upper crown vane disc 1 and the lower ring vane disc 2 are fixed together at the cooperation position of the upper crown vane 5 and the lower ring vane 4; one side of the cooperation position of the upper crown vane 5 and the lower ring vane 4 is the upper crown side, and one side is the lower ring side. A notch is provided on the upper crown side near the runner center, and a supplementary block vane 3 with the same shape as the notch is provided at the notch. The supplementary block vane 3 is fixedly connected to the upper crown vane 5 and the lower ring vane 4. The weld between the supplementary block vane 3 and the upper crown vane 5, the weld between the supplementary block vane 3 and the lower ring vane 4, and the weld between the upper crown vane 5 and the lower ring vane 4 intersect at one point.

[0031] The upper crown vane disc 1 and the lower ring vane disc 2 are welded and connected at the cooperation position of the upper crown vane 5 and the lower ring vane 4.

[0032] One side of the supplementary block vane 3 is welded and connected to the upper crown vane 5, and the other side is welded and connected to the lower ring vane 4.

[0033] The connection between the supplementary block vane 3 and the upper crown vane 5 has a smooth transition, and the connection between the supplementary block vane 3 and the lower ring vane 4 has a smooth transition.

[0034] The number of the upper crown vanes 5, the lower ring vanes 4, and the supplementary block vanes 3 is 7 each.

[0035] The upper crown inner vane disc and the upper crown inner vane disc blade step are integrally cast, the upper crown outer vane disc and the upper crown outer vane disc blade step are integrally cast, and the lower ring vane disc 2 and the lower ring vanes 4 are integrally cast.

[0036] The thickness of the upper crown vanes 5 and the lower ring vanes 4 is the same as the thickness of the supplementary block vanes 3.

[0037] The thickness of the supplementary block vanes 3 is 110 mm.

[0038] The blade wrap angle of the upper crown vanes 5 and the lower ring vanes 4 is 108°.

[0039] The diameters of the upper crown vane disc 1 and the lower ring vane disc 2 are 5000 mm.

[0040] In this embodiment, by changing the welding structure of the runner, the runner is designed into three parts: the crown disk 1, the band disk 2, and the supplementary blade 3 at the outlet edge of the runner. The supplementary blade 3 is arranged at the notch of the crown blade 5. The welding amount is reduced by 60%, the welding deposited metal amount and the grinding amount are reduced by 70%. The production efficiency is higher, and the precise segmentation of the runner is realized, meeting the manufacturing process requirements of welding, grinding and machining. The weld seam is located in the non-high stress area of the runner operation, reducing the operation risk.

[0041] Embodiment 2

[0042] This embodiment provides a runner with a turbine blade disk structure, as Figure 2 , including a crown disk 1 and a band disk 2. A number of crown blades 5 are arranged on the crown disk 1, and a number of band blades 4 are arranged on the band disk 2. The crown blades 5 are spirally distributed at the center point of the crown disk 1, and the band blades 4 are spirally distributed on the band disk 2; the crown blades 5 and the band blades 4 are in one-to-one correspondence, and the end of the crown blade 5 far from the crown disk 1 cooperates with the end of the band blade 4 far from the band disk 2. The crown disk 1 and the band disk 2 are fixed together at the cooperation position of the crown blade 5 and the band blade 4; one side of the cooperation position of the crown blade 5 and the band blade 4 is the crown side, and the other side is the band side. A notch is arranged on the band side near the center of the runner, and a supplementary blade 3 with the same shape as the notch is arranged at the notch. The supplementary blade 3 is fixedly connected with the crown blade 5 and the band blade 4. The weld seams between the supplementary blade 3 and the crown blade 5, the weld seams between the supplementary blade 3 and the band blade 4, and the weld seam between the crown blade 5 and the band blade 4 intersect at one point.

[0043] The crown disk 1 and the band disk 2 are welded and connected at the cooperation position of the crown blade 5 and the band blade 4.

[0044] One side of the supplementary blade 3 is welded and connected with the crown blade 5, and the other side is welded and connected with the band blade 4.

[0045] The connection between the supplementary blade 3 and the crown blade 5 has a smooth transition, and the connection between the supplementary blade 3 and the band blade 4 has a smooth transition.

[0046] The number of the crown blades 5, the band blades 4 and the supplementary blades 3 is 7.

[0047] The inner crown disk and the blade step of the inner crown disk are integrally cast, the outer crown disk and the blade step of the outer crown disk are integrally cast, and the band disk 2 and the band blades 4 are integrally cast.

[0048] The thicknesses of the crown blade 5 and the band blade 4 are the same as the thickness of the supplementary blade 3.

[0049] The thickness of the supplementary block blade 3 is 126 mm.

[0050] The blade wrap angle of the upper crown blade 5 and the lower ring blade 4 is 110°.

[0051] The diameters of the upper crown disk 1 and the lower ring disk 2 are 4100 mm.

[0052] Embodiment 3

[0053] This embodiment provides a runner of a water turbine disk structure, as Figure 3 , including an upper crown disk 1 and a lower ring disk 2. A number of upper crown blades 5 are arranged on the upper crown disk 1, and a number of lower ring blades 4 are arranged on the lower ring disk 2. The upper crown blades 5 are spirally distributed at the center point of the upper crown disk 1, and the lower ring blades 4 are spirally distributed on the lower ring disk 2; the upper crown blades 5 and the lower ring blades 4 correspond to each other one by one, and the end of the upper crown blade 5 far from the upper crown disk 1 cooperates with the end of the lower ring blade 4 far from the lower ring disk 2. The upper crown disk 1 and the lower ring disk 2 are fixed together at the cooperation position of the upper crown blade 5 and the lower ring blade 4; one side of the cooperation position of the upper crown blade 5 and the lower ring blade 4 is the upper crown side, and one side is the lower ring side. A notch is provided on the upper crown side near the center of the runner. A supplementary block blade 3 with the same shape as the notch is provided at the notch. The supplementary block blade 3 is fixedly connected to the upper crown blade 5 and the lower ring blade 4. The weld between the supplementary block blade 3 and the upper crown blade 5, the weld between the supplementary block blade 3 and the lower ring blade 4, and the weld between the upper crown blade 5 and the lower ring blade 4 intersect at one point.

[0054] The upper crown disk 1 and the lower ring disk 2 are welded and connected at the cooperation position of the upper crown blade 5 and the lower ring blade 4.

[0055] One side of the supplementary block blade 3 is welded and connected to the upper crown blade 5, and the other side is welded and connected to the lower ring blade 4.

[0056] The connection between the supplementary block blade 3 and the upper crown blade 5 has a smooth transition, and the connection between the supplementary block blade 3 and the lower ring blade 4 has a smooth transition.

[0057] The numbers of the upper crown blades 5, the lower ring blades 4, and the supplementary block blades 3 are all 9 pieces.

[0058] The upper crown inner disk and the upper crown inner disk blade step are integrally cast, the upper crown outer disk and the upper crown outer disk blade step are integrally cast, and the lower ring disk 2 and the lower ring blade 4 are integrally cast.

[0059] The thicknesses of the upper crown blade 5 and the lower ring blade 4 are the same as the thickness of the supplementary block blade 3.

[0060] The thickness of the supplementary block blade 3 is 70 mm.

[0061] The blade wrap angle of the upper crown blades 5 and the lower ring blades 4 is 98°.

[0062] The diameters of the upper crown disk 1 and the lower ring disk 2 are 3560 mm.

[0063] In this embodiment, by changing the welding structure of the runner, the runner is designed into three parts: the upper crown disk 1, the lower ring disk 2, and the supplementary block blades 3 at the water outlet edge of the runner. The supplementary block blades 3 are arranged at the notches of the upper crown blades 5 and the lower ring blades 4. The welding amount is reduced by 60%, the welding deposited metal amount and the grinding amount are reduced by 70%. The production efficiency is higher, and the precise segmentation of the runner is realized, meeting the manufacturing process requirements of welding, grinding and machining. The weld seam is located in the non-high stress area of the runner operation, reducing the operation risk.

Claims

1. A turbine blade disk structure runner, comprising an upper crown blade disk (1) and a lower ring blade disk (2), characterized in that: The upper crown leaf disc (1) is provided with a plurality of upper crown blades (5), and the lower ring leaf disc (2) is provided with a plurality of lower ring blades (4), the upper crown blades (5) are distributed in a spiral shape at the center point of the upper crown leaf disc (1), and the lower ring blades (4) are distributed in a spiral shape on the lower ring leaf disc (2); The upper crown blade (5) corresponds to the lower ring blade (4) one by one, and one end of the upper crown blade (5) away from the upper crown blade disc (1) cooperates with one end of the lower ring blade (4) away from the lower ring blade disc (2), and the upper crown blade disc (1) and the lower ring blade disc (2) are fixed as a whole at the cooperation point of the upper crown blade (5) and the lower ring blade (4); one side of the cooperation point of the upper crown blade (5) and the lower ring blade (4) is the upper crown side, and the other side is the lower ring side, and the upper crown side or the lower ring side or both sides are provided with a notch near the center of the impeller, and a supplementary block blade (3) having the same shape as the notch is provided at the notch, and the supplementary block blade (3) is fixedly connected to the upper crown blade (5) and the lower ring blade (4), and a weld seam intersecting at one point is formed at the connection points of the supplementary block blade (3) and the upper crown blade (5), the supplementary block blade (3) and the lower ring blade (4), and the upper crown blade (5) and the lower ring blade (4).

2. The turbine blade structure runner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper crown blade disc (1) and the lower ring blade disc (2) are welded and connected at the matching position of the upper crown blade (5) and the lower ring blade (4).

3. The turbine blade structure runner according to claim 2, characterized in that: The supplementary block blade (3) is welded to the upper crown blade (5) on one side, and is welded to the lower ring blade (4) on the other side.

4. The turbine blade structure runner according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connection between the supplementary block blade (3) and the upper crown blade (5) is smoothly transitioned, and the connection between the supplementary block blade (3) and the lower ring blade (4) is smoothly transitioned.

5. A turbine blade disk structure runner according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The number of the upper crown blades (5), the lower ring blades (4) and the supplementary block blades (3) are all 7-15.

6. The turbine blade structure runner according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper crown inner blade disc and the upper crown inner blade disc blade steps are integrally cast, the upper crown outer blade disc and the upper crown outer blade disc blade steps are integrally cast, and the lower ring blade disc (2) and the lower ring blades (4) are integrally cast.

7. The turbine blade structure runner according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the upper crown blade (5) and the lower ring blade (4) is consistent with the thickness of the supplementary block blade (3).

8. The turbine blade structure runner according to claim 7, characterized in that: The thickness of the supplementary block blade (3) is 10 mm to 150 mm.

9. The turbine blade structure runner according to claim 8, characterized in that: The blade wrap angles of the upper crown blades (5) and the lower ring blades (4) are 30°-180°.

10. The turbine blade structure runner according to claim 9, characterized in that: The diameters of the upper crown blade disc (1) and the lower ring blade disc (2) are 1000 mm to 7000 mm.

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