Power supply protection circuit of motor controller and vehicle
By designing a power protection circuit with self-testing capabilities of voltage abnormality and current abnormality in the motor controller, the problem of insufficient protection timeliness of the existing medium and low voltage power supply protection solutions is solved, and more efficient fault protection and lower maintenance costs are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421985184.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-15
AI Technical Summary
The low-voltage power supply protection solutions of existing motor controllers lack voltage stabilization and voltage or current abnormal self-protection, resulting in insufficient protection timeliness, which may cause full circuit failures, increase maintenance costs and affect user experience.
A power protection circuit for motor controllers is designed, including voltage conversion module, power supply processing module, voltage stabilization module and protection module. All modules have the self-test capabilities of voltage abnormalities and current abnormalities, so as to realize the self-protection of low-voltage power protection modules and improve the timeliness of protection.
Through self-test and self-protection mechanisms, the failure of a single module can be avoided to cause full circuit failure, reduce the risk of failure during driving, reduce the cost of replacement of the entire vehicle's electronic control, and ensure the normal operation of the motor controller.
Smart Images
Figure CN223007485U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a power protection circuit of a motor controller and a vehicle. Background Art
[0002] With the increasing demand of consumers for new energy vehicles, motor controllers are widely used in the drive control systems of new energy vehicles. The motor controller is one of the most core components in new energy vehicles, and the reliable design requirements for the power supply of the motor controller circuit board are getting higher and higher. The reliability of the low-voltage power supply protection scheme for the control board of the motor controller is very important for the entire motor controller.
[0003] In the related art, for the low-voltage input power supply of the control board, most of the low-voltage power supply protection schemes do not perform voltage stabilization processing on the low-voltage input power supply, and do not perform self-protection against voltage or current abnormalities on the power supply after voltage stabilization. The protection timeliness is insufficient. A single module failure may cause a failure of the entire circuit, or a short-term recoverable failure. Due to incomplete protection, the entire circuit board may not be able to resume operation; especially for the low-voltage power supply, an abnormal low-voltage power supply will cause both the control board and the drive board of the motor controller to fail to work properly, increasing the after-sales maintenance cost of the electronic control controller, which may affect the user experience and may lead to an increase in user complaints. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] The utility model aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. For this reason, the first object of the utility model is to provide a power protection circuit of a motor controller. Both the voltage stabilization module and the protection module have the self-checking ability for voltage abnormality and current abnormality, and can achieve self-protection when the low-voltage power supply protection module is abnormal, improving the protection timeliness, avoiding the failure of the entire circuit caused by the failure of a single module, and reducing the risk of failure that endangers life safety during user driving; at the same time, for recoverable failures, through self-checking of each module, timely protection can be achieved, and normal operation can be resumed after recovery, reducing the replacement cost of the vehicle's electronic control.
[0005] The second object of the utility model is to provide a vehicle.
[0006] To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the first aspect of the present utility model provides a power protection circuit for a motor controller, including: a voltage conversion module connected to a high-voltage battery, configured to respond to a conversion instruction and convert high-voltage electricity into low-voltage electricity; a power processing module respectively connected to the voltage conversion module and a low-voltage battery, for filtering the low-voltage electricity; a voltage stabilization module connected to the power processing module, for stabilizing the filtered low-voltage electricity and outputting a stable voltage; a protection module connected to the voltage stabilization module, for abnormally monitoring the stable voltage and, when the monitoring result is normal, outputting the stable voltage to supply power to a drive axle; a controller respectively connected to the voltage conversion module, the voltage stabilization module and the protection module, configured to respond to an abnormal signal of the voltage stabilization module and an abnormal signal of the protection module.
[0007] According to the power protection of the motor controller in the embodiment of the present utility model, the voltage conversion module of the circuit responds to the conversion instruction and converts high-voltage electricity into low-voltage electricity; the power processing module filters the low-voltage electricity; the voltage stabilization module stabilizes the filtered low-voltage electricity and outputs a stable voltage; the protection module abnormally monitors the stable voltage and, when the monitoring result is normal, outputs the stable voltage to supply power to the drive axle; the controller responds to the abnormal signals of the voltage stabilization module and the protection module to protect the voltage stabilization module and the protection module. Thus, both the voltage stabilization module and the protection module in this circuit have the self-checking ability for voltage abnormality and current abnormality, and can achieve self-protection when the low-voltage power protection module is abnormal, improving the timeliness of protection, avoiding the failure of the whole circuit caused by the failure of a single module, and reducing the risk of failure endangering the life safety of users during driving; at the same time, for recoverable faults, through self-checking of each module, timely protection can be achieved, and normal operation can be resumed after recovery, reducing the replacement cost of the vehicle's electronic control.
[0008] In addition, the power protection circuit of the motor controller according to the above embodiment of the present utility model may further have the following additional technical features:
[0009] Specifically, the voltage stabilizing module includes: a first voltage dividing unit, the input end of the first voltage dividing unit is connected to the output end of the power supply processing module; a voltage stabilizing chip, the first pin of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected to the output end of the power supply processing module, the second pin of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected to the output end of the first voltage dividing unit, the third pin of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected to the output end of the power supply processing module through a first capacitor, the second pin of the voltage stabilizing chip is also adapted to be connected to the enable pin of the controller, and the fourth pin of the voltage stabilizing chip is also adapted to be connected to the input pin of the controller; a voltage conversion unit, the input end of the voltage conversion unit is respectively connected to the seventh pin of the voltage stabilizing chip and the output end of the power supply processing module, and the first output end of the voltage conversion unit is connected to the eighth pin of the voltage stabilizing chip; a second voltage dividing unit, the input end of the second voltage dividing unit is connected to the second output end of the voltage conversion unit, and the output end of the second voltage dividing unit is connected to the ninth pin of the voltage stabilizing chip.
[0010] Specifically, the first voltage dividing unit includes: a first resistor, one end of the first resistor is connected to the output end of the power supply processing module; a second resistor, one end of the second resistor is connected to the other end of the first resistor and has a first node, the other end of the second resistor is grounded, and the first node is connected to the second pin of the voltage stabilizing chip.
[0011] Specifically, the voltage conversion unit includes: a switching tube, the control end of the switching tube is connected to the seventh pin of the voltage stabilizing chip, a first inductor, one end of the first inductor is connected to the output end of the power supply processing module, the other end of the first inductor is connected to the first end of the switching tube, a second capacitor, one end of the second capacitor is connected to the first end of the switching tube; a second inductor, one end of the second inductor is connected to the other end of the second capacitor, and the other end of the second inductor is grounded; a diode, the positive electrode of the diode is connected to the other end of the second capacitor, and the negative electrode of the diode is respectively connected to the input end of the protection module and the other end of the second inductor through a third capacitor; a third resistor, one end of the third resistor is respectively connected to the second end of the switching tube and the eighth pin of the voltage stabilizing chip, and the other end of the third resistor is grounded.
[0012] Specifically, the voltage stabilizing module further includes: a switching frequency adjusting unit, the switching frequency adjusting unit is connected to the fifth pin of the voltage stabilizing chip and is configured to adjust the switching frequency output by the seventh pin of the voltage stabilizing chip; a soft start unit, the soft start unit is connected to the sixth pin of the voltage stabilizing chip and is configured to adjust the soft start time output by the seventh pin of the voltage stabilizing chip.
[0013] Specifically, the soft start unit includes: a fourth capacitor, one end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the sixth pin of the voltage regulator chip, and the other end of the fourth capacitor is grounded; the switching frequency adjustment unit includes: a sixth resistor and a fifth capacitor connected in series, the other end of the sixth resistor is connected to the fifth pin of the voltage regulator chip, and the other end of the fifth capacitor is grounded.
[0014] Specifically, the protection module includes: a third voltage division unit, the input end of the third voltage division unit is connected to the output end of the voltage regulation module; a protection chip, the second pin and the third pin of the protection chip are connected to the output end of the third voltage division unit, the first pin of the protection chip is connected to the output end of the voltage regulation module, the fifth pin of the protection chip is connected to the output end of the voltage regulation module through a sixth capacitor, the second pin of the protection chip is also adapted to be connected to the enable end of the controller, and the eleventh pin, the twelfth pin and the sixth pin of the protection chip are adapted to be connected to the input pins of the controller; a fourth voltage division unit, the input end of the fourth voltage division unit is connected to the seventh pin of the protection chip, and the output end of the fourth voltage division unit is connected to the drive axle.
[0015] Specifically, the protection module further includes: a voltage start slope adjustment unit, the voltage start slope adjustment unit is connected to the fourth pin of the protection chip and is configured to adjust the voltage start slope of the output voltage of the seventh pin of the protection chip; a threshold adjustment unit, the threshold adjustment unit is connected to the eighth pin of the protection chip and is configured to adjust the overcurrent threshold and short circuit protection threshold of the protection chip.
[0016] Specifically, the voltage start slope adjustment unit includes: a seventh capacitor, one end of the seventh capacitor is connected to the fourth pin of the protection chip, and the other end of the protection chip is connected to the fifth pin of the protection chip; the threshold adjustment unit includes: a twelfth resistor, one end of the twelfth resistor is connected to the eighth pin of the protection chip, and the other end of the twelfth resistor is grounded.
[0017] To achieve the above object, a second aspect embodiment of the present invention proposes a vehicle, including the power protection circuit of the above-mentioned motor controller.
[0018] According to the vehicle of the embodiment of the present invention, through the above-mentioned power protection circuit of the motor controller, the timeliness of protection can be improved, the failure of a single module can be avoided from causing the failure of the entire circuit, and the risk of failure that endangers the life safety of users during driving can be reduced; at the same time, for recoverable faults, through self-checking of each module, protection can be carried out in time, and normal operation can be continued after recovery, reducing the replacement cost of the vehicle's electronic control system.
[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of the present utility model will be given in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the following description, or be learned through the practice of the present utility model. Description of the Drawings
[0020] Figure 1 It is a block diagram of a power protection circuit of a motor controller according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0021] Figure 2 It is a hardware topology diagram of a voltage stabilizing module according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0022] Figure 3 It is a hardware topology diagram of a protection module according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0023] Figure 4 It is a block diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present utility model. Detailed Embodiment
[0024] Embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.
[0025] A power protection circuit of a motor controller and a vehicle proposed according to an embodiment of the present utility model will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0026] Figure 1 It is a block diagram of a power protection circuit of a motor controller according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
[0027] As Figure 1 shown, the power protection circuit 100 of the motor controller according to the embodiment of the present utility model includes: a voltage conversion module 110, a power processing module 120, a voltage stabilizing module 130, a protection module 140, and a controller 150.
[0028] Among them, the voltage conversion module 110 is connected to the high-voltage battery and is configured to respond to a conversion instruction and convert high-voltage electricity into low-voltage electricity. The power supply processing module 120 is respectively connected to the voltage conversion module 110 and the low-voltage battery and is used for filtering the low-voltage electricity. The voltage regulation module 130 is connected to the power supply processing module 120 and is used for regulating the voltage of the filtered low-voltage electricity to output a stable voltage. The protection module 140 is connected to the voltage regulation module 130 and is used for abnormally monitoring the stable voltage, and when the monitoring result is normal, outputting the stable voltage to supply power to the drive axle. The controller 150 is respectively connected to the voltage conversion module 110, the voltage regulation module 130, and the protection module 140 and is configured to respond to the abnormal signals of the voltage regulation module 130 and the protection module 140.
[0029] Specifically, when the low-voltage battery supplies power normally, the low-voltage battery outputs low-voltage electricity to the power supply processing module 120; when the low-voltage battery cannot supply power normally, the controller 150 sends a conversion instruction to the voltage conversion module 110. When the voltage conversion module 110 receives the conversion instruction, the voltage conversion module 110 converts the DC high-voltage electricity provided by the high-voltage battery into DC low-voltage electricity and transports the DC low-voltage electricity to the power supply processing module 120. The power supply processing module 120 filters the low-voltage electricity, filters out the clutter in the DC low-voltage electricity, and outputs the filtered low-voltage electricity to the voltage regulation module 130. The voltage regulation module 130 regulates the low-voltage electricity with relatively large fluctuations to convert it into a stable voltage and outputs it to the protection module 140. The voltage regulation module 130 can also achieve self-protection and can feedback the abnormal signal during a fault to the controller 150. The protection module 140 abnormally monitors the stable voltage. When the stable voltage is normal, the monitoring result is normal, and the protection module 140 outputs the stable voltage to supply power to the drive axle; when the stable voltage is abnormal, the monitoring result is abnormal, and the protection module 140 feedbacks the abnormal signal to the controller 150. The controller 150 can turn off the voltage regulation module 130 according to the abnormal signal of the voltage regulation module 130 and can turn off the protection module 140 according to the abnormal signal of the protection module 140.
[0030] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 2As shown, the voltage stabilizing module 130 includes: a first voltage dividing unit 131, a voltage stabilizing chip U1, a voltage conversion unit 132, and a second voltage dividing unit 133. Among them, the input end of the first voltage dividing unit 131 is connected to the output end of the power supply processing module 120; the first pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U1 is connected to the output end of the power supply processing module 120, the second pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U1 is connected to the output end of the first voltage dividing unit 131, the third pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U1 is connected to the output end of the power supply processing module 120 through a first capacitor C1, the second pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U1 is also adapted to be connected to the enable pin of the controller 150, and the fourth pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U1 is also adapted to be connected to the input pin of the controller 150; the input end of the voltage conversion unit 132 is respectively connected to the seventh pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U1 and the output end of the power supply processing module 120, and the first output end of the voltage conversion unit 132 is connected to the eighth pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U1; the input end of the second voltage dividing unit 133 is connected to the second output end of the voltage conversion unit 132, and the output end of the second voltage dividing unit 133 is connected to the ninth pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U1.
[0031] Specifically, the second pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U1 can receive the En_LV enable signal output by the controller 150. The controller 150 enables or disables the voltage stabilizing chip U1 by outputting En_LV according to the received fault signal Fault_V sent by the voltage stabilizing chip U1 and in combination with the current working state of the whole machine, so as to control the power output, and can avoid damage to the components in the circuit under abnormal conditions.
[0032] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 2 shown, the first voltage dividing unit 131 includes: a first resistor R1, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the output end of the power supply processing module 120; a second resistor R2, one end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the other end of the first resistor R1 and has a first node, the other end of the second resistor R2 is grounded, and the first node is connected to the second pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U1.
[0033] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 2As shown, the voltage conversion unit 132 includes: a switching transistor Q1, the control terminal of the switching transistor Q1 is connected to the seventh pin of the voltage regulator chip U1, a first inductor L1, one end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the output terminal of the power processing module 120, the other end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the first end of the switching transistor Q1, a second capacitor C2, one end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the first end of the switching transistor Q1; a second inductor L2, one end of the second inductor L2 is connected to the other end of the second capacitor C2, the other end of the second inductor L2 is grounded; a diode D1, the positive electrode of the diode D1 is connected to the other end of the second capacitor C2, the negative electrode of the diode D1 is respectively connected to the input terminal of the protection module 140 and the other end of the second inductor L2 through a third capacitor C3; a third resistor R3, one end of the third resistor R3 is respectively connected to the second end of the switching transistor Q1 and the eighth pin of the voltage regulator chip U1, the other end of the third resistor R3 is grounded.
[0034] Specifically, as Figure 2 shown, the power processing module 120 outputs a low-voltage DC power supply V_LBAT to the voltage regulator chip U1. The first capacitor C1 is used to stabilize the power supply of the voltage regulator chip U1. The seventh pin of the voltage regulator chip U1 outputs a PWM signal to control the on and off of the switching transistor Q1. The switching transistor Q1 combines with the first inductor L1, the second inductor L2, the second capacitor C2, the diode D1 and the third capacitor C3 to implement a SEPIC voltage stabilization circuit, and outputs a stable voltage V_LV. Its specific working process is as follows: The switching transistor Q1 switches periodically under the control of the PWM signal. When the switching transistor Q1 is turned on, the low-voltage DC power supply V_LBAT stores energy in the first inductor L1, and the second capacitor C2 releases energy to store energy in the second inductor L2. The third capacitor C3 releases energy to form the output voltage V_LV; when the switching transistor Q1 is turned off, the low-voltage DC power supply V_LBAT releases energy through the first inductor L1 to supply power to the load, and at the same time charges the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3. The second inductor L2 releases energy and supplies power to the load through the diode D1, and at the same time charges the third capacitor C3. The combined power supply effect of V_LBAT, the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 forms a stable output voltage V_LV. By adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM signal, the ratio of the energy stored and released in the inductor can be controlled, and thus the magnitude of the output voltage V_LV can be adjusted. When the switching transistor Q1 is turned on, the current of the switching transistor Q1 flows through the third resistor R3, and the eighth pin of the voltage regulator chip U1 collects the voltage on the third resistor R3. The voltage regulator chip U1 can judge whether there is overcurrent according to the input value of the eighth pin. If there is overcurrent, the voltage regulator chip U1 executes a protection mechanism inside, and the seventh pin of the voltage regulator chip U1 outputs a protection signal, such as hiccup protection, to limit the output current value and avoid burning out devices due to overcurrent in the circuit.
[0035] The DC low-voltage power supply V_LBAT is divided by the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, and the signal is fed back to the second pin of the voltage regulator chip U1 for undervoltage judgment. If the input voltage V_LBAT of the voltage regulator chip U1 is abnormal, the voltage regulator chip U1 executes a protection mechanism internally, and the seventh pin of the voltage regulator chip U1 stops outputting the PWM signal, avoiding unpredictable faults when the input voltage is abnormal and the voltage regulator chip U1 still continues to work.
[0036] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 2 shown, the second voltage dividing unit 133 includes: a fourth resistor R4, one end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the output end of the voltage conversion unit 132; a fifth resistor R5, one end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the other end of the fourth resistor R4 and has a second node, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded, and the second node is connected to the ninth pin of the voltage regulator chip U1.
[0037] Specifically, the stable voltage V_LV output by the voltage regulation module 130 is divided by the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5 and then fed back to the ninth pin of the voltage regulator chip U1. The voltage regulator chip U1 adjusts the duty cycle of the PWM signal output by the seventh pin according to the input value of the ninth pin, so that the voltage V_LV can be stably output according to the preset voltage value.
[0038] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 2 shown, the voltage regulation module 130 further includes: a switching frequency adjustment unit 134, the switching frequency adjustment unit 134 is connected to the fifth pin of the voltage regulator chip U1 and is configured to adjust the switching frequency output by the seventh pin of the voltage regulator chip U1; a soft start unit 135, the soft start unit 135 is connected to the sixth pin of the voltage regulator chip U1 and is configured to adjust the soft start time output by the seventh pin of the voltage regulator chip U1.
[0039] Furthermore, according to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 2 shown, wherein, the soft start unit 135 includes: a fourth capacitor C4, one end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the sixth pin of the voltage regulator chip U1, and the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded; the switching frequency adjustment unit 134 includes: a sixth resistor R6 and a fifth capacitor C5 connected in series, the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the fifth pin of the voltage regulator chip U1, and the other end of the fifth capacitor C5 is grounded.
[0040] Specifically, by setting the capacitance value of the fourth capacitor C4 externally connected to the sixth pin of the voltage regulator chip U1, the soft start time output by the seventh pin of the voltage regulator chip U1 can be set, thereby reducing the voltage fluctuation during startup and improving the stability of the power supply circuit. By setting the sixth resistor R6 and the fifth capacitor C5 externally connected to the fifth pin of the voltage regulator chip U1, the switching frequency output by the seventh pin of the voltage regulator chip U1 can be set, thereby adapting to different application environments and optimizing the EMC performance of the power supply circuit.
[0041] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 3 shown, the protection module 140 includes: a third voltage dividing unit 141, the input end of the third voltage dividing unit 141 is connected to the output end of the voltage regulation module 130; a protection chip U2, the second pin and the third pin of the protection chip U2 are connected to the output end of the third voltage dividing unit 141, the first pin of the protection chip U2 is connected to the output end of the voltage regulation module 130, the fifth pin of the protection chip U2 is connected to the output end of the voltage regulation module 130 through a sixth capacitor C6, the second pin of the protection chip U2 is also adapted to be connected to the enable end of the controller 150, and the eleventh pin, the twelfth pin and the sixth pin of the protection chip U2 are adapted to be connected to the input pins of the controller 150; a fourth voltage dividing unit 142, the input end of the fourth voltage dividing unit 142 is connected to the seventh pin of the protection chip U2, and the output end of the fourth voltage dividing unit 142 is connected to the drive bridge.
[0042] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 3 shown, the third voltage dividing unit 141 includes: a seventh resistor R7, one end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the output end of the voltage regulation module 130; an eighth resistor R8, one end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the other end of the seventh resistor R7 and has a third node, the third node is connected to the second pin of the protection chip U2; a ninth resistor R9, one end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the other end of the eighth resistor R8 and has a fourth node, the fourth node is connected to the third pin of the protection chip U2, and the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is grounded.
[0043] Specifically, the voltage V_LV output by the voltage stabilizing module 130 is input to the protection module 140. The sixth capacitor C6 stabilizes the input voltage V_LV of the protection chip U2. The voltage V_LV is input to the first pin of the protection chip U2. The eighth capacitor C8 externally connected to the ninth pin of the protection chip U2 stabilizes the output voltage V_LV_P of the protection chip U2. The voltage V_LV is divided by the seventh resistor R7, the eighth resistor R8, and the ninth resistor R9. When the input voltage signals received by the second pin and the third pin of the protection chip U2 exceed the threshold value, the protection chip U2 executes the protection mechanism, disconnects the voltage input of the first pin and the voltage output of the seventh pin of the protection chip U2, and does not output the voltage V_LV_P. At the same time, the sixth pin outputs a fault signal Fault_LP to the controller 150. When the voltage of the first pin of the protection chip U2 is out of phase with the voltage of the seventh pin, the voltage input of the first pin and the voltage output of the seventh pin of the protection chip U2 are disconnected, the voltage V_LV_P is not output, and at the same time, the sixth pin outputs a fault signal Fault_LP to the controller 150. The protection chip U2 can monitor the current value output by the protection module 140 and output the monitoring signal to the controller 150 through the twelfth pin. The second pin of the protection chip U2 receives the En_LP enable signal output by the controller 150. The controller 150 enables or disables the protection chip U2 by outputting the enable signal En_LP to the second pin of the protection chip U2 according to the fault signals Fault_LP, Fault_LO and the current monitoring signal IM_LO sent by the eleventh pin, the twelfth pin and the sixth pin of the received protection chip U2, and combines the current working state of the whole machine to control the output of the subsequent power supply, and can avoid damage to the components in the circuit under abnormal conditions.
[0044] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 3 shown, the fourth voltage dividing unit 142 includes: a tenth resistor R10, one end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the seventh pin of the protection chip U2; an eleventh resistor R11, one end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the other end of the tenth resistor R10 and has a fifth node, the fifth node is connected to the tenth pin of the protection chip U2, and the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 is grounded.
[0045] Specifically, the voltage V_LV_P is divided by the tenth resistor R10 and the eleventh resistor R11. When the signal received by the tenth pin of the protection chip U2 exceeds the output signal threshold, the eleventh pin outputs a fault signal Fault_LO to the controller 150.
[0046] According to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 3As shown, the protection module 140 further includes: a voltage start slope adjustment unit 143, which is connected to the fourth pin of the protection chip U2 and is configured to adjust the voltage start slope of the output voltage of the seventh pin of the protection chip U2; a threshold adjustment unit 144, which is connected to the eighth pin of the protection chip U2 and is configured to adjust the overcurrent threshold and short-circuit protection threshold of the protection chip U2.
[0047] Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 3 shown, wherein, the voltage start slope adjustment unit 143 includes: a seventh capacitor C7, one end of the seventh capacitor C7 is connected to the fourth pin of the protection chip U2, and the other end of the protection chip U2 is connected to the fifth pin of the protection chip U2; the threshold adjustment unit 144 includes: a twelfth resistor R12, one end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected to the eighth pin of the protection chip U2, and the other end of the twelfth resistor R12 is grounded.
[0048] Specifically, by adjusting the seventh capacitor C7 externally connected to the fourth pin of the protection chip U2, the voltage start slope of the output voltage V_LV_P of the seventh pin of the protection chip U2 can be adjusted, reducing the voltage fluctuation during startup and improving the stability of the power supply circuit. By adjusting the twelfth resistor R12 externally connected to the eighth pin of the protection chip U2, the overcurrent and short-circuit protection values of the protection chip U2 can be adjusted. When the output current of the seventh pin of the protection chip U2 exceeds the overcurrent preset value, the protection chip U2 executes a protection mechanism to limit the output current value. When the output current value exceeds the short-circuit preset value, the voltage input of the first pin of the protection chip U2 and the voltage output of the seventh pin are disconnected, and the voltage V_LV_P is not output. At the same time, the eleventh pin outputs a fault signal Fault_LO to the controller 150.
[0049] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the voltage conversion module 110 includes a DCDC converter. The DC high voltage provided by the high-voltage battery is converted into DC low voltage through the voltage conversion module 110.
[0050] In summary, for the power supply protection of the motor controller according to the embodiments of the present invention, the circuit voltage conversion module responds to the conversion instruction and converts high-voltage electricity into low-voltage electricity; the power supply processing module filters the low-voltage electricity; the voltage stabilization module stabilizes the filtered low-voltage electricity and outputs a stable voltage; the protection module monitors the stable voltage for abnormalities, and when the monitoring result is normal, outputs the stable voltage to supply power to the drive axle; the controller responds to the abnormal signals of the voltage stabilization module and the protection module to protect the voltage stabilization module and the protection module. Thus, both the voltage stabilization module and the protection module in this circuit have the self-checking ability for voltage abnormalities and current abnormalities, and can achieve self-protection when the low-voltage power supply protection module is abnormal, improving the timeliness of protection, avoiding the failure of a single module from causing the failure of the entire circuit, and reducing the risk of failures endangering the life safety of users during driving; at the same time, for recoverable failures, through self-checking of each module, protection can be timely provided, and normal operation can continue after recovery, reducing the replacement cost of the vehicle's electronic control system.
[0051] Corresponding to the above embodiments, the present invention also provides a vehicle.
[0052] Figure 4 It is a block diagram of a vehicle according to the embodiments of the present invention.
[0053] As Figure 4 shown, the vehicle 200 according to the embodiments of the present invention includes the above-mentioned power supply protection circuit 100 of the motor controller.
[0054] For the vehicle according to the embodiments of the present invention, through the above-mentioned power supply protection circuit of the motor controller, the timeliness of protection can be improved, the failure of a single module from causing the failure of the entire circuit can be avoided, and the risk of failures endangering the life safety of users during driving can be reduced; at the same time, for recoverable failures, through self-checking of each module, protection can be timely provided, and normal operation can continue after recovery, reducing the replacement cost of the vehicle's electronic control system.
[0055] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
[0056] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
[0057] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected to", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0058] Although the embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A power protection circuit for a motor controller, characterized in that: include: A voltage conversion module, the voltage conversion module is connected to the high voltage battery and is configured to respond to a conversion instruction and convert the high voltage electricity into a low voltage electricity; A power processing module, the power processing module is connected to the voltage conversion module and the low-voltage battery respectively, and is used for filtering the low-voltage electricity; A voltage stabilizing module, which is connected to the power processing module and is used to stabilize the low voltage after filtering and output a stable voltage; A protection module, the protection module is connected to the voltage stabilization module, and is used to monitor the stabilization voltage for abnormality, and when the monitoring result is normal, output the stabilization voltage to power the drive axle; A controller is connected to the voltage conversion module, the voltage stabilizing module and the protection module respectively, and is configured to respond to an abnormal signal of the voltage stabilizing module and an abnormal signal of the protection module.
2. The power protection circuit of the motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage stabilizing module comprises: A first voltage dividing unit, wherein an input end of the first voltage dividing unit is connected to an output end of the power processing module; A voltage stabilizing chip, wherein a first pin of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected to an output end of the power processing module, a second pin of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected to an output end of the first voltage dividing unit, a third pin of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected to an output end of the power processing module via a first capacitor, a second pin of the voltage stabilizing chip is further adapted to be connected to an enable pin of the controller, and a fourth pin of the voltage stabilizing chip is further adapted to be connected to an input pin of the controller; A voltage conversion unit, wherein the input end of the voltage conversion unit is respectively connected to the seventh pin of the voltage stabilizing chip and the output end of the power processing module, and the first output end of the voltage conversion unit is connected to the eighth pin of the voltage stabilizing chip; A second voltage dividing unit, wherein the input end of the second voltage dividing unit is connected to the second output end of the voltage conversion unit, and the output end of the second voltage dividing unit is connected to the ninth pin of the voltage stabilizing chip.
3. The power protection circuit of the motor controller according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first voltage dividing unit comprises: A first resistor, one end of which is connected to the output end of the power processing module; A second resistor, one end of the second resistor is connected to the other end of the first resistor and has a first node, the other end of the second resistor is grounded, and the first node is connected to a second pin of the voltage stabilizing chip.
4. The power protection circuit of the motor controller according to claim 2, characterized in that: The voltage conversion unit comprises: A switch tube, wherein the control end of the switch tube is connected to the seventh pin of the voltage regulator chip, a first inductor, one end of which is connected to the output end of the power processing module, and the other end of which is connected to the first end of the switch tube; A second capacitor, one end of the second capacitor is connected to the first end of the switch tube; a second inductor, one end of the second inductor being connected to the other end of the second capacitor, and the other end of the second inductor being grounded; a diode, wherein the anode of the diode is connected to the other end of the second capacitor, and the cathode of the diode is connected to the input end of the protection module and to the other end of the second inductor through a third capacitor; A third resistor, one end of which is connected to the second end of the switch tube and the eighth pin of the voltage stabilizing chip respectively, and the other end of which is grounded.
5. The power protection circuit of the motor controller according to claim 2, characterized in that: The voltage stabilizing module further includes: a switching frequency adjustment unit, the switching frequency adjustment unit being connected to the fifth pin of the voltage stabilizing chip and being configured to adjust the switching frequency output by the seventh pin of the voltage stabilizing chip; A soft start unit is connected to the sixth pin of the voltage stabilizing chip and is configured to adjust the soft start time output by the seventh pin of the voltage stabilizing chip.
6. The power protection circuit of the motor controller according to claim 5, characterized in that: in, The soft start unit comprises: a fourth capacitor, one end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the sixth pin of the voltage stabilizing chip, and the other end of the fourth capacitor is grounded; The switching frequency adjustment unit includes: a sixth resistor and a fifth capacitor connected in series, the other end of the sixth resistor is connected to the fifth pin of the voltage stabilizing chip, and the other end of the fifth capacitor is grounded.
7. The power protection circuit of the motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protection module comprises: A third voltage dividing unit, wherein an input end of the third voltage dividing unit is connected to an output end of the voltage stabilizing module; A protection chip, wherein the second pin and the third pin of the protection chip are connected to the output end of the third voltage dividing unit, the first pin of the protection chip is connected to the output end of the voltage stabilizing module, the fifth pin of the protection chip is connected to the output end of the voltage stabilizing module through a sixth capacitor, the second pin of the protection chip is also suitable for being connected to the enable end of the controller, and the eleventh pin, the twelfth pin and the sixth pin of the protection chip are suitable for being connected to the input pin of the controller; A fourth voltage dividing unit, wherein an input end of the fourth voltage dividing unit is connected to the seventh pin of the protection chip, and an output end of the fourth voltage dividing unit is connected to the driving bridge.
8. The power protection circuit of the motor controller according to claim 7, characterized in that: The protection module further includes: a voltage startup slope adjustment unit, the voltage startup slope adjustment unit being connected to the fourth pin of the protection chip and configured to adjust a voltage startup slope of an output voltage of a seventh pin of the protection chip; A threshold adjustment unit, wherein the threshold adjustment unit is connected to the eighth pin of the protection chip and is configured to adjust an overcurrent threshold and a short-circuit protection threshold of the protection chip.
9. The power protection circuit of the motor controller according to claim 8, characterized in that: in, The voltage startup slope adjustment unit includes: a seventh capacitor, one end of the seventh capacitor is connected to the fourth pin of the protection chip, and the other end of the protection chip is connected to the fifth pin of the protection chip; The threshold adjustment unit includes: a twelfth resistor, one end of the twelfth resistor is connected to the eighth pin of the protection chip, and the other end of the twelfth resistor is grounded.
10. A vehicle, characterized in that: A power protection circuit comprising a motor controller as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.