Urban and rural organic waste energy conversion and fertilizer conversion coupling system

Abstract

The utility model provides an urban and rural organic waste energy conversion and fertilizer conversion coupling system. The urban and rural organic waste is treated to produce green methanol, a biochar-based organic fertilizer, a biochar-based liquid fertilizer, green electric power and pure oxygen. The anaerobic fermentation device is connected with the biogas slurry purification and fertilizer preparation device, the carbon-based organic fertilizer production device and the biogas purification device; the biogas purification device is connected with the methane reforming device and the methanol synthesis device II; the methane reforming device is connected with the methanol synthesis device I; the methanol synthesis device I and the methanol synthesis device II are connected with the methanol condensation device; the methanol condensing device is connected with the methanol rectifying device; the biomass carbonizing device is connected with the biomass charcoal distributing device and the gas-fired boiler; the waste heat boiler is connected with the gasifier, the methane reforming device and the steam turbine generator unit; the biomass charcoal distributing device is connected with the gasifier, the charcoal-based organic fertilizer production device and the biogas slurry purification and fertilizer preparation device; the gasifier is connected with the synthesis gas purification device; the synthesis gas purification device is connected with the methanol synthesis device I; and the device for producing hydrogen and oxygen by electrolyzing water is connected with the methanol synthesis device II and the biomass carbonization device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a coupling system for the energy conversion and fertilization of urban and rural organic waste. Background Art

[0002] According to the China Urban and Rural Construction Statistical Yearbook, in 2021, the sludge output in urban areas above the county level in China exceeded 80 million tons (calculated at 80% moisture content), and it is expected that the urban sludge output in China will exceed 100 million tons in 2025. In 2021, the amount of domestic waste cleared in urban areas above the county level in China reached 320 million tons. Calculated according to the proportion of food waste being 40%, the annual output of food waste (including kitchen waste) in China is about 128 million tons. According to the second national pollution source census, in 2020, the annual output of livestock and poultry manure in China was 3.05 billion tons, and the straw output was about 800 million tons. The total annual output of organic solid waste in China exceeds 4 billion tons.

[0003] Urban and rural organic waste includes perishable waste, agricultural waste, garden waste, forestry waste, etc. It has a large output, complex composition, high moisture content and high nutrient content. At present, whether it is single aerobic fermentation or anaerobic fermentation, there are reasons such as low conversion efficiency and poor economic benefits that limit the process of resource utilization. Therefore, it is urgent to find more effective ways of resource utilization for urban and rural organic solid waste.

[0004] In order to solve China's energy security problem and reduce dependence on oil, for a long time in the past, coal chemical industry has been developed in China, such as coal to oil and coal to methanol. However, with the proposal of the 'dual carbon' goal, the development of coal to methanol is restricted because a large amount of carbon dioxide will be emitted during this process. It takes about 3 tons of carbon dioxide to synthesize 1 ton of methanol. Green methanol is an effective way to solve green development and energy security.

[0005] Carbon-based fertilizer is an ecological and environment-friendly fertilizer with biomass carbon as the matrix, which is prepared by adding organic matter or / and inorganic matter according to the land characteristics of different regions, the growth characteristics of different crops and the principle of scientific fertilization. The basic theory of carbon-based fertilizer is the soil fertilizer carbon-based - organic theory, that is, to increase the content of carbon-based - organic matter in the soil, quickly transform the soil structure, balance salts and moisture, and create a soil environment conducive to the healthy growth of plants through rapid ripening, thereby increasing soil fertility and promoting crop growth. Content of the Utility Model

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies existing in the prior art, and to provide a coupling system for the energy conversion and fertilization of urban and rural organic waste with a reasonable structural design. Through the innovation and organic coordination of multiple industrial technologies, high-value-added green methanol, biochar-based organic fertilizer, biochar-based liquid fertilizer, green electricity and pure oxygen are produced by treating urban and rural organic waste.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present utility model to solve the above problems is as follows: An urban and rural organic waste energy and fertilizer coupling system, characterized in that it includes an anaerobic fermentation device, a biogas slurry purification and fertilizer production device, a carbon-based organic fertilizer production device, a biogas purification and purification device, a methane reforming device, a methanol synthesis device I, a methanol condensation device, a methanol synthesis device II, a methanol rectification device, a biomass carbonization device, a biomass carbon fractionation device, a gasifier, a syngas purification device, a gas-fired boiler, a waste heat boiler, a steam turbine generator set, and an electrolytic water hydrogen and oxygen production device; the outlet of the anaerobic fermentation device is connected to the inlets of the biogas slurry purification and fertilizer production device, the carbon-based organic fertilizer production device, and the biogas purification and purification device; the outlet of the biogas purification and purification device is connected to the inlets of the methane reforming device and the methanol synthesis device II; the outlet of the methane reforming device is connected to the inlet of the methanol synthesis device I; the outlet of the methanol synthesis device I is connected to the inlet of the methanol condensation device; the outlet of the methanol condensation device is connected to the inlet of the methanol rectification device; the outlet of the methanol synthesis device II is connected to the inlet of the methanol condensation device; the outlet of the biomass carbonization device is connected to the inlets of the biomass carbon fractionation device and the gas-fired boiler; the outlet of the gas-fired boiler is connected to the inlet of the waste heat boiler; the outlet of the waste heat boiler is connected to the inlets of the gasifier, the methane reforming device, and the steam turbine generator set; the outlet of the biomass carbon fractionation device is connected to the inlets of the gasifier, the carbon-based organic fertilizer production device, and the biogas slurry purification and fertilizer production device; the outlet of the gasifier is connected to the inlet of the syngas purification device; the outlet of the syngas purification device is connected to the inlet of the methanol synthesis device I; the hydrogen outlet of the electrolytic water hydrogen and oxygen production device is connected to the inlet of the methanol synthesis device II; the oxygen outlet of the electrolytic water hydrogen and oxygen production device is connected to the inlet of the biomass carbonization device.

[0008] The present utility model further includes a methanol storage device, and the outlet of the methanol rectification device is connected to the inlet of the methanol storage device.

[0009] The present utility model further includes a raw material pretreatment device, and the outlet of the raw material pretreatment device is connected to the inlets of the anaerobic fermentation device and the biomass carbonization device.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following advantages and effects:

[0011] The utility model uses urban and rural organic waste as raw materials, and through the innovation and organic coordination of multiple industrial technologies, produces high-value-added green methanol, biochar-based organic fertilizer and biochar-based liquid fertilizer, green electricity, pure oxygen, etc. The urban and rural organic waste is preliminarily sorted and then enters efficient anaerobic fermentation and biomass carbonization devices respectively. The optimal treatment system is selected according to the characteristics of the materials, and the collaborative treatment ability of each system is stronger and the efficiency is higher. The biogas residue and biogas slurry generated by anaerobic technology are combined with the biomass carbon produced by the biomass carbonization device to produce carbon-based fertilizers, which can be used for land improvement, soil remediation and the cultivation of specialty cash crops, giving full play to the maximum environmental and economic benefits. The biogas generated by anaerobic fermentation is purified through a purification device to produce methane and carbon dioxide. Both methane and carbon dioxide can be used as reaction agents for the production of green methanol, making the best use of everything. The combustible gas generates high-temperature and high-pressure steam, which can not only be used as a reaction agent for methane reforming, but also react with biomass carbon to produce syngas for methanol synthesis. It can also generate green electricity through a steam turbine generator and effectively utilize other heat energy in the system, realizing the cascade utilization of energy. The green electricity generated by photovoltaic and wind power, in addition to supplying the internal electricity of the system, can also produce hydrogen by electrolyzing water and produce methanol from hydrogen, solving the problem of difficult storage and transportation of hydrogen. The pure oxygen produced by the electrolytic water hydrogen and oxygen production device can be used in the biomass carbonization device to improve the gasification efficiency and reduce energy loss.

[0012] Through the high-value utilization of waste, not only can the local environment be improved, but also new economic growth points can be created for the local area. Generally speaking, the utility model can realize the high-value utilization of urban and rural organic waste, achieve sustainable development, and contribute to rural revitalization. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the utility model. Detailed Embodiment

[0014] The following further details the present utility model in conjunction with the drawings through embodiments. The following embodiments are explanations of the present utility model, and the present utility model is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0015] The embodiment of the utility model includes a raw material pretreatment device 1, an anaerobic fermentation device 2, a biogas slurry purification and fertilizer production device 3, a biochar-based organic fertilizer production device 4, a biogas purification and purification device 5, a methane reforming device 6, a methanol synthesis device I 7, a methanol condensation device 8, a methanol synthesis device II 9, a methanol rectification device 10, a methanol storage device 11, a biomass carbonization device 12, a biomass carbon distribution device 13, a gasifier 14, a syngas purification device 15, a gas-fired boiler 16, a waste heat boiler 17, a steam turbine generator set 18, and an electrolytic water hydrogen and oxygen production device 19.

[0016] The outlet of the raw material pretreatment device 1 is connected to the inlets of the anaerobic fermentation device 2 and the biomass carbonization device 12.

[0017] The outlet of the anaerobic fermentation device 2 is connected to the inlets of the biogas slurry purification and fertilizer production device 3, the carbon-based organic fertilizer production device 4, and the biogas purification and upgrading device 5.

[0018] The outlet of the biogas purification and upgrading device 5 is connected to the inlets of the methane reforming device 6 and the methanol synthesis device II 9. The outlet of the methane reforming device 6 is connected to the inlet of the methanol synthesis device I 7. The outlet of the methanol synthesis device I 7 is connected to the inlet of the methanol condensation device 8. The outlet of the methanol condensation device 8 is connected to the inlet of the methanol rectification device 10. The outlet of the methanol rectification device 10 is connected to the inlet of the methanol storage device 11. The outlet of the methanol synthesis device II 9 is connected to the inlet of the methanol condensation device 8.

[0019] The outlet of the biomass carbonization device 12 is connected to the inlets of the biomass carbon distributor device 13 and the gas boiler 16. The outlet of the gas boiler 16 is connected to the inlet of the waste heat boiler 17. The outlet of the waste heat boiler 17 is connected to the inlets of the gasifier 14, the methane reforming device 6, and the steam turbine generator set 18.

[0020] The outlet of the biomass carbon distributor device 13 is connected to the inlets of the gasifier 14, the carbon-based organic fertilizer production device 4, and the biogas slurry purification and fertilizer production device 3. The outlet of the gasifier 14 is connected to the inlet of the syngas purification device 15. The outlet of the syngas purification device 15 is connected to the inlet of the methanol synthesis device I 7.

[0021] The hydrogen outlet of the electrolytic water hydrogen and oxygen production device 19 is connected to the inlet of the methanol synthesis device II 9. The oxygen outlet of the electrolytic water hydrogen and oxygen production device 19 is connected to the inlet of the biomass carbonization device 12.

[0022] A working method of an urban and rural organic waste energy and fertilizer coupling system includes the following steps:

[0023] 1) Through the sorting of the raw material pretreatment device 1 for garden waste, food waste, straw, sludge, livestock and poultry manure, and other organic wastes in urban and rural organic wastes, the wastes with high water content, low lignin content, and allowed to enter the agricultural field enter the anaerobic fermentation device 2;

[0024] 2) Through the sorting of the material pretreatment device 1 for garden waste, food waste, straw, sludge, livestock and poultry manure, and other organic wastes in urban and rural organic wastes, the materials with low water content, high lignin content, and not allowed to enter the agricultural field are crushed and then enter the biomass carbonization device 12;

[0025] 3) Introduce the biogas after passing through the anaerobic fermentation device 2 into the biogas purification and upgrading device 5. The methane after purification and upgrading enters the methane reforming device 6, and the carbon dioxide after purification and upgrading enters the methanol synthesis device II 9 as a reactant for methanol synthesis;

[0026] 4) Feed the biogas residue after passing through the anaerobic fermentation device 2 and the biochar produced by the biomass carbonization device 12 into the carbon-based organic fertilizer production device 4 together, and the produced carbon-based organic fertilizer is for external sale;

[0027] 5) Feed a part of the biogas slurry after passing through the anaerobic fermentation device 2 into the biogas slurry purification and fertilizer production device 3, and the other part is used for biogas slurry returning to the field for utilization;

[0028] 6) Use a part of the green electricity generated by wind power generation and solar power generation for the electrical energy utilization of the system, and a part for the electrolytic water hydrogen and oxygen production device 19. The pure oxygen produced by the electrolytic water hydrogen and oxygen production device 19 is connected to the biomass gasification device 12 for combustion assistance to provide energy, and the remaining part can be sold externally. The pure hydrogen produced by the electrolytic water hydrogen and oxygen production device 19 all enters the methanol synthesis device II 9 as a reactant for synthesizing methanol;

[0029] 7) Connect the combustible gas produced by the biomass carbonization device 12 to the gas boiler 16, and then generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam through the waste heat boiler 17;

[0030] 8) Connect a part of the high-temperature and high-pressure steam produced by the waste heat boiler 17 to the methane reforming device 6 as a reactant for methane reforming, a part to the steam turbine generator set 18. The green electricity generated by the steam turbine generator set 18 is used for the electrical energy utilization of the system, and the heat energy generated by the steam turbine generator set is used for the heat energy utilization of the system. Another part is connected to the gasifier 14 to react with the biochar to produce syngas for methanol production;

[0031] 9) Connect all the gaseous methanol produced by the methanol synthesis device I 7 and the methanol synthesis device II 9 to the methanol condensation device 8, and the condensed liquid methanol is connected to the methanol rectification device 10 for refining.

[0032] 10) Connect the biochar produced by the biomass carbonization device 12 to the biomass carbon distribution device 13. The biochar separated out is partly connected to the carbon-based organic fertilizer production device 4, partly connected to the biogas slurry purification and fertilizer production device 3, and another part enters the gasifier 14.

[0033] 11) Connect the syngas produced by the gasifier 14 to the syngas purification device 15, and the purified syngas finally enters the methanol synthesis device I 7 for methanol synthesis.

[0034] 12) Connect the high-concentration methanol produced by the methanol rectification device 8 to the methanol storage device 11 for storage, and finally sell green methanol to the market.

[0035] In addition, it should be noted that for the specific embodiments described in this specification, the shapes and names of the components can be different. The above content described in this specification is only an example of the structure of the present utility model. Any equivalent changes or simple changes made according to the structure, features and principles described in the patent concept of the present utility model are included in the protection scope of the patent of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art to which the present utility model pertains can make various modifications, supplements or use similar ways of substitution to the specific embodiments described, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the present utility model or exceed the scope defined by this claims, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. The coupled system of urban and rural organic waste energy and fertilizer, characterized by: The invention comprises an anaerobic fermentation device, a biogas purifying and fertilizing device, a carbon-based organic fertilizer production device, a biogas purifying and refining device, a methane reforming device, a methanol synthesis device 1, a methanol condensing device, a methanol synthesis device 2, a methanol distillation device, a biomass carbonization device, a biomass charcoal distributing device, a gasifier, a synthesis gas purification device, a gas boiler, a waste heat boiler, a steam turbine generator set and a water electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production device; the outlet of the anaerobic fermentation device is connected to the inlet of the biogas purifying and fertilizing device, the carbon-based organic fertilizer production device and the biogas purifying and refining device; the outlet of the biogas purifying and refining device is connected to the inlet of the methane reforming device and the methanol synthesis device 2; the outlet of the methane reforming device is connected to the inlet of the methanol synthesis device 1; the outlet of the methanol synthesis device 1 is connected to the inlet of the methanol condensing device; the outlet of the methanol condensing device is connected to the inlet of the methanol distillation device The outlet of the methanol synthesis unit 2 is connected to the inlet of the methanol condensation unit; the outlet of the biomass carbonization unit is connected to the inlet of the biomass charcoal distribution unit and the gas boiler; the outlet of the gas boiler is connected to the inlet of the waste heat boiler; the outlet of the waste heat boiler is connected to the inlet of the gasifier, the methane reforming unit and the steam turbine generator set; the outlet of the biomass charcoal distribution unit is connected to the inlet of the gasifier, the carbon-based organic fertilizer production unit and the biogas slurry purification fertilizer production unit; the outlet of the gasifier is connected to the inlet of the synthesis gas purification unit; the outlet of the synthesis gas purification unit is connected to the inlet of the methanol synthesis unit 1; the hydrogen outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production unit is connected to the inlet of the methanol synthesis unit 2; the oxygen outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production unit is connected to the inlet of the biomass carbonization unit, and the pure oxygen produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production unit is connected to the biomass carbonization unit.

2. The urban and rural organic waste energy and fertilizer coupling system according to claim 1 is characterized by: It also includes a methanol storage device, and the outlet of the methanol distillation device is connected to the inlet of the methanol storage device.

3. The urban and rural organic waste energy and fertilizer coupling system according to claim 1 is characterized by: It also includes a raw material pretreatment device, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the anaerobic fermentation device and the biomass carbonization device.

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