Waste residue crushing device

Abstract

The utility model provides a waste residue crushing device and relates to the technical field of electrolytic aluminum. The crushing device comprises a shell with a cylindrical cavity inside, a plurality of groups of passive crushing components and a plurality of groups of active crushing components are respectively arranged on the inner wall and the middle of the cavity from top to bottom, a driving mechanism is arranged in the middle of the shell and drives the plurality of groups of active crushing components to operate, and each passive crushing component comprises a plurality of passive blades arranged on the inner wall of the cavity. The driving crushing assembly comprises rotating columns arranged on the inner side of the driven blade arrangement area, a plurality of driving blades are arranged on the outer walls of the rotating columns, the driving mechanism comprises a base arranged on the lower portion of the cavity, a center shaft located on the inner sides of the multiple rotating columns is arranged on the base, a planetary gear assembly is arranged between the center shaft and the rotating columns, and a motor and a driving disc which are in transmission connection are arranged above the center shaft. The driving disc is in transmission connection with the planetary gear assembly on the inner side of the uppermost rotating column, and a plurality of supporting rods are arranged between the motor and the inner wall of the cavity. According to the utility model, the crushing efficiency is improved, and the crushed waste is uniform in granularity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of electrolytic aluminum, and particularly relates to a waste residue crushing device. Background Art

[0002] Electrolytic aluminum is aluminum obtained through electrolysis. Modern electrolytic aluminum industrial production usually adopts the cryolite-aluminum oxide fused salt electrolysis method. Molten cryolite is the solvent, aluminum oxide is the solute, a carbon body is used as the anode, and aluminum liquid is used as the cathode. After passing a strong direct current, an electrochemical reaction occurs at the two electrodes in the electrolytic cell at 950°C - 970°C, that is, electrolysis.

[0003] In the prior art, waste residues will appear during the electrolytic aluminum process. These waste residues can usually be recycled after being crushed. Currently, the main problems of the existing crushing equipment are low crushing efficiency and uneven particle size after crushing. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to develop a waste residue crushing device that improves the crushing efficiency and makes the particle size of the waste material uniform after crushing.

[0005] The utility model is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A waste residue crushing device includes:

[0007] A housing with a cylindrical cavity inside;

[0008] Multiple groups of passive crushing components, which are arranged on the inner wall of the cavity from top to bottom in sequence;

[0009] Multiple groups of active crushing components, which are arranged in the middle of the cavity from top to bottom in sequence;

[0010] A driving mechanism, which is arranged in the middle of the housing and drives multiple groups of active crushing components to operate;

[0011] Among them, the passive crushing component includes multiple passive blades arranged on the inner wall of the cavity. The active crushing component includes a rotating column arranged inside the area where the passive blades are arranged, and multiple active blades are arranged on the outer wall of the rotating column;

[0012] The driving mechanism includes a base arranged at the lower part of the cavity. A central shaft is arranged on the base inside multiple rotating columns. A planetary gear assembly is arranged between the central shaft and the rotating columns. Above the central shaft, there is a motor and a driving disc connected in transmission. The driving disc is in transmission connection with the planetary gear assembly inside the uppermost rotating column. Multiple support rods are arranged between the motor and the inner wall of the cavity.

[0013] Optionally, multiple discharge ports are arranged on the side wall of the lower part of the housing. The base is arranged inside the discharge ports. The upper and lower parts of the base are in the shape of a coaxial frustum and a cylinder respectively.

[0014] Optionally, the base is slidably arranged, and a cylinder and a plurality of telescopic rods are arranged between the bottom of the base and the bottom of the cavity. A support is arranged outside the motor and connected thereto. A plurality of vertical chutes are arranged on the outer wall of the support. Sliders are slidably arranged in the chutes. The support rods are arranged between the sliders and the side wall of the cavity.

[0015] Optionally, the support, the plurality of rotating columns and the base are in rotational contact in sequence from top to bottom, and the outer walls of the support and the plurality of rotating columns are cylindrical with the same outer diameter.

[0016] Optionally, the planetary gear assembly includes a fixed gear coaxially arranged on the outer wall of the central shaft. A ring gear coaxially connected to the corresponding rotating column is coaxially arranged outside the fixed gear. A plurality of planetary gears are meshed between the ring gear and the fixed gear. A transmission rod is coaxially arranged on the planetary gear. The transmission rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the upper rotating column. The transmission rod in the uppermost rotating column is rotatably connected to the bottom of the driving disc.

[0017] Optionally, the plurality of passive blades are evenly arranged on the inner wall of the cavity and the arrangement area is in a circular ring shape. The plurality of active blades are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the rotating column and the arrangement area is in a circular ring shape corresponding to the arrangement area of the passive blades.

[0018] Optionally, from top to bottom in the cavity of the housing, in multiple groups of corresponding passive crushing assemblies and active crushing assemblies, the sizes of the active blades and the passive blades gradually decrease, the arrangement density gradually increases, and the distance between the active blades and the passive blades gradually decreases.

[0019] Optionally, the rotation speeds of the rotating columns in the cavity of the housing increase sequentially from top to bottom.

[0020] Optionally, a passive retaining ring is arranged on the inner wall of the cavity at the lower part of the passive crushing assembly. An active retaining ring is arranged on the outer wall of the lower part of the rotating column and is located below the passive retaining ring. The inner diameter of the free end of the passive retaining ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the free end of the active retaining ring.

[0021] Optionally, the cross sections of the passive retaining ring and the active retaining ring are triangular, and the top surfaces of the passive retaining ring and the active retaining ring are inclined surfaces and the free ends are the lower ends.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

[0023] The utility model is provided with multiple groups of active crushing components and passive crushing components on the conveying path of waste residue. The sizes of the blades of the multiple groups of active crushing components and passive crushing components gradually decrease, the blade arrangement density gradually increases, and the distance between the blades gradually decreases, so as to realize the graded crushing of waste residue. The cooperation of the arranged active retaining ring and passive retaining ring enables the waste residue to continue to be conveyed to the next stage of crushing only after crushing for a certain time at each stage. The particle size of the waste residue gradually decreases on the conveying path, which not only makes the particle size of the crushing uniform, but also improves the crushing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the driving mechanism.

[0027] Reference numerals: 1, housing; 2, passive blade; 3, passive retaining ring; 4, active blade; 5, active retaining ring; 6, base; 7, discharge port; 8, telescopic rod; 9, cylinder; 10, support; 11, slider; 12, support rod; 13, rotating column; 14, central axis; 15, fixed gear; 16, planetary gear; 17, ring gear; 18, transmission rod; 19, driving disc; 20, motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0028] In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are simply described. As those skilled in the art can recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and descriptions are considered to be exemplary in nature rather than restrictive.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0030] The embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0031] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the present utility model discloses a waste residue crushing device, which includes a housing 1 with an open top. A plurality of discharge ports 7 are provided on the side wall of the lower part of the housing 1. The interior of the housing 1 has a cylindrical cavity. Three groups of passive crushing components are provided on the inner wall of the cavity from top to bottom. Three groups of active crushing components that cooperate with the three groups of passive crushing components are provided from top to bottom in the middle of the cavity. A driving mechanism for driving the operation of the three groups of active crushing components is also provided in the middle of the housing 1.

[0032] The three groups of passive crushing components and the three groups of active crushing components are located between the open top of the housing 1 and the discharge ports 7 at the lower part. The waste residue enters from the open top of the housing 1 and sequentially passes through the three groups of passive crushing components and the three groups of active crushing components downward, and is output from the plurality of discharge ports 7 after being crushed in stages.

[0033] The passive crushing components include a plurality of passive blades 2 provided on the inner wall of the cavity of the housing 1. The plurality of passive blades 2 are evenly arranged on the inner wall of the cavity and the arrangement area is in a circular ring shape. The active crushing components include a rotating column 13 provided inside the arrangement area of the passive blades 2. The rotating column 13 is coaxial with the cavity. A plurality of active blades 4 are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the rotating column 13. The arrangement area of the active blades 4 is also in a circular ring shape, and the arrangement area of the active blades 4 corresponds to that of the passive blades 2.

[0034] The driving mechanism includes a base 6 provided in the cavity inside the discharge port 7. The base 6 can slide vertically in the cavity for lifting. The upper and lower parts of the base 6 are in the shape of a frustum of a cone and a cylinder respectively in the same axis. A plurality of vertically arranged telescopic rods 8 are provided between the bottom of the base 6 and the bottom of the cavity. A vertically arranged cylinder 9 is also provided between the middle of the bottom of the base 6 and the bottom of the cavity to drive its lifting.

[0035] At the top of the base 6, there is a central shaft 14 coaxial with the cavity. The central shaft 14 is inside the rotating column 13. A planetary gear assembly is provided between the central shaft 14 and the rotating column 13. At the upper part of the central shaft 14, there is a disc-shaped driving disc 19 coaxial with the cavity. At the top of the driving disc 19, there is a motor 20 drivingly connected thereto. Outside the motor 20, there is a support 10 connected thereto. The support 10, the rotating columns 13 of the three groups of active crushing assemblies below, and the base 6 are in rotational contact in sequence from top to bottom. And the support 10 and the outer walls of the three rotating columns 13 are cylindrical with the same outer diameter, and the support 10 and the three rotating columns 13 form a cylinder.

[0036] The top of the support 10 is spherical. On the outer wall of the support 10, there are a plurality of vertically opened chutes. Sliding blocks 11 are slidably arranged in the chutes. On the outer walls of the sliding blocks 11, there are support rods 12 connected to the inner wall of the cavity. Through the cooperation of the support rods 12, the sliding blocks 11 and the chutes, the support 10 and the motor 20 can be vertically lifted and lowered without rotation.

[0037] The planetary gear assembly includes a fixed gear 15 coaxially arranged on the outer wall of the central shaft 14. Outside the fixed gear 15, there is a ring gear 17 coaxially connected to the corresponding rotating column 13. Between the ring gear 17 and the fixed gear 15, there are three planetary gears 16 meshed. On the three planetary gears 16, there is a transmission rod 18 coaxially arranged. The transmission rod 18 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the upper rotating column 13. Among the three groups of active crushing assemblies, the transmission rod 18 in the uppermost rotating column 13 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the driving disc 19.

[0038] On the inner wall of the cavity at the lower part of the passive crushing assembly, there is a passive retaining ring 3. On the outer wall of the lower part of the rotating column 13, there is an active retaining ring 5 below the passive retaining ring 3. The cross-sections of the passive retaining ring 3 and the active retaining ring 5 are both triangular, so that the top surfaces of the passive retaining ring 3 and the active retaining ring 5 are both inclined surfaces with the free ends being the lower ends. The inner diameter of the free end of the passive retaining ring 3 is smaller than the outer diameter of the free end of the active retaining ring 5, that is, in the vertical direction, there is an overlapping area between the passive retaining ring 3 and the active retaining ring 5.

[0039] Inside the cavity of the housing 1 from top to bottom, among the three groups of corresponding passive crushing assemblies and active crushing assemblies, the sizes of the active blades 4 and the passive blades 2 gradually decrease, the arrangement density gradually increases, and the distance between the active blades 4 and the passive blades 2 gradually decreases. By adjusting the gear ratio, gear size, etc. of the planetary gear assembly, the rotational speeds of the three rotating columns 13 gradually increase from top to bottom. After the cylinder 9 drives the base 6 to rise and drives the three groups of active crushing assemblies to rise, there is a small distance between the active retaining rings 5 on the three rotating columns 13 and the outer passive retaining rings 3. At this time, the waste residue cannot pass through the gap between the active retaining ring 5 and the passive retaining ring 3. After the cylinder 9 drives the base 6 to descend and drives the three groups of active crushing assemblies to descend, there is a large distance between the active retaining rings 5 on the three rotating columns 13 and the outer passive retaining rings 3. At this time, the waste residue can pass through the gap between the active retaining ring 5 and the passive retaining ring 3.

[0040] When crushing waste residue, the waste residue enters the cavity through the opening at the top of the housing 1. The motor 20 operates to drive the driving disk 19 to rotate. The driving disk 19 drives the planetary gear assembly in the uppermost active crushing assembly. The rotation of the driving disk 19 drives the three transmission rods 18 to perform circular motion. The three transmission rods 18 drive the three planetary gears 16 to perform circular motion on the fixed gear 15. Through meshing with the fixed gear 15, the three planetary gears 16 rotate while performing circular motion. The rotation of the three planetary gears 16 drives the ring gear 17 to rotate. The ring gear 17 drives the corresponding uppermost rotating column 13 to rotate. The uppermost rotating column 13 drives the middle rotating column 13 to rotate through the three transmission rods 18 in the lower planetary gear assembly. The middle rotating column 13 drives the lowermost rotating column 13 to rotate through the three transmission rods 18 in the lower planetary gear assembly. The three rotating columns 13 rotate, and the material is crushed under the cutting and crushing of the passive blades 2 and the active blades 4. The cylinder 9 periodically drives the base 6 to lift and lower, so that the material is successively crushed in the three groups of active crushing assemblies and passive crushing assemblies for a certain time and then conveyed downward through the gap between the active retaining ring 5 and the passive retaining ring 3. It passes through the three groups of active crushing assemblies and passive crushing assemblies from top to bottom in sequence. After the material is subjected to hierarchical crushing, it slides out of the discharge port 7 from the top surface of the base 6 for output.

[0041] The utility model is provided with multiple groups of active crushing assemblies and passive crushing assemblies on the conveying path of the waste residue. The sizes of the blades of the multiple groups of active crushing assemblies and passive crushing assemblies gradually decrease, the blade arrangement density gradually increases, and the spacing between the blades gradually decreases, so as to realize the hierarchical crushing of the waste residue. The cooperation of the provided active retaining ring 5 and the passive retaining ring 3 enables the waste residue to continue to be conveyed downward for the next-level crushing only after being crushed for a certain time at each level. The particle size of the waste residue gradually decreases on the conveying path, which not only makes the particle size of the crushing uniform, but also improves the crushing efficiency.

[0042] The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the utility model, and do not limit the technical solutions of the utility model. As long as the technical solutions that can be realized on the basis of the above embodiments without creative labor shall be regarded as falling within the scope of the patent rights of the utility model.

Claims

1. A waste slag crushing device, characterized in that: include: A shell having a cylindrical cavity therein; Multiple groups of passive crushing components are arranged on the inner wall of the cavity from top to bottom; Multiple groups of active crushing components are arranged in the middle of the cavity from top to bottom; The driving mechanism is arranged in the middle of the housing and drives the multiple groups of active crushing components to operate; The passive crushing assembly comprises a plurality of passive blades arranged on the inner wall of the cavity, the active crushing assembly comprises a rotating column arranged inside the passive blade arrangement area, and a plurality of active blades are arranged on the outer wall of the rotating column; The driving mechanism includes a base arranged at the lower part of the cavity, a central axis located inside a plurality of rotating columns is provided on the base, a planetary gear assembly is provided between the central axis and the rotating columns, a motor and a driving disk with transmission connection are provided above the central axis, the driving disk is transmission-connected to the planetary gear assembly inside the topmost rotating column, and a plurality of support rods are provided between the motor and the inner wall of the cavity.

2. The waste slag crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of discharge ports are arranged on the side wall of the lower part of the shell body, and the base is arranged inside the discharge port. The upper and lower parts of the base are coaxially truncated cone-shaped and cylindrical-shaped, respectively.

3. The waste slag crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base is slidably arranged, and a cylinder and a plurality of telescopic rods are arranged between the bottom of the base and the bottom of the cavity. A support connected to the motor is arranged outside the motor, and a plurality of slide grooves are vertically arranged on the outer wall of the support. A slider is slidably arranged in the slide groove, and the support rod is arranged between the slider and the side wall of the cavity.

4. The waste slag crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support, the plurality of rotating columns and the base are rotated and contacted in sequence from top to bottom, and the support and the outer walls of the plurality of rotating columns are cylindrical with the same outer diameter.

5. The waste slag crushing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The planetary gear assembly includes a fixed gear coaxially arranged on the outer wall of the central shaft, a ring gear coaxially connected to the corresponding rotating column is coaxially arranged on the outer side of the fixed gear, a plurality of planetary gears are meshed between the ring gear and the fixed gear, a transmission rod is coaxially arranged on the planetary gear, the transmission rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the upper rotating column, and the transmission rod in the uppermost rotating column is rotatably connected to the bottom of the driving disk.

6. The waste slag crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of passive blades are evenly arranged on the inner wall of the cavity and the arrangement area is annular, and the plurality of active blades are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the rotating column and the arrangement area is annular corresponding to the arrangement area of ​​the passive blades.

7. The waste slag crushing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: From top to bottom in the shell cavity, in the multiple groups of corresponding passive crushing components and active crushing components, the sizes of the active blades and the passive blades gradually decrease, the arrangement density gradually increases, and the spacing between the active blades and the passive blades gradually decreases.

8. The waste slag crushing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The rotation speed of the rotating column in the shell cavity increases from top to bottom.

9. The waste slag crushing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A passive retaining ring is arranged on the inner wall of the cavity at the lower part of the passive crushing component, and an active retaining ring is arranged on the outer wall of the lower part of the rotating column below the passive retaining ring. The inner diameter of the free end of the passive retaining ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the free end of the active retaining ring.

10. The waste slag crushing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cross-sections of the passive retaining ring and the active retaining ring are triangular, the top surfaces of the passive retaining ring and the active retaining ring are inclined surfaces, and the free ends are lower ends.

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