Low-wear wire and cable plastic extruding machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a low-wear electric wire and cable plastic extruding machine, which relates to the technical field of electric wire and cable production equipment, and comprises a machine barrel, a channel I penetrating along the length direction is arranged at the center of two side walls of the machine barrel along the width direction, the longitudinal section of the channel I is circular, a rotating rod is coaxially arranged in the channel I in the machine barrel, and a rotating shaft is arranged in the rotating rod. A sealing bearing is mounted at one end of the rotating rod; according to the utility model, the stirring rods with different rotating directions are assembled on the rotating rod, so that the spiral grooves with opposite rotating directions can accelerate the stirring and fusion of raw materials during stirring and when the materials come to a heating area, and meanwhile, the flowing direction of the materials can be transiently changed, and the retention and accumulation of the materials between the fixed ring and the machine barrel are reduced; and meanwhile, further breaking of material blocks is facilitated, and the material blocks are more uniformly distributed between the fixing ring and the machine barrel, so that the raw materials are more uniformly stirred and mixed, the abrasion is reduced, and the extrusion molding efficiency is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of wire and cable production equipment, and particularly relates to a low-wear wire and cable extruder. Background Art

[0002] Extrusion refers to the process of extruding molten plastic through a die to form a desired cross-sectional shape. In the wire and cable industry, the insulating layer and sheath layer of cables are usually made of plastic materials such as PVC and PE. A wire and cable extruder is a machine that insulates and sheathes cables through the extrusion process. Its working principle is to put the pre-treated raw materials into the hopper, send them into a closed die cavity by a screw, and extrude them through the die head to form the desired shape, and then quickly cool them through a cooling device to prevent deformation and ensure product quality.

[0003] During extrusion, there may be wear in multiple links. For example, during the conveying of the fixed ring, since the fixed ring runs in one direction, in order to achieve uniform heating, it is necessary to increase the temperature or the number of spiral grooves of the fixed ring. During this period, the plastic particles near the heat source in the heating area may be overheated and then carbonized, which will exacerbate the wear between the fixed ring and the plastic particles. When facing some raw materials of different materials, there may be incompletely melted plastic particles, and the incompletely melted plastic particles and hard fillers may scratch the inner surface of the die cavity.

[0004] In view of this, this application is specifically proposed. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a low-wear wire and cable extruder to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, a low-wear wire and cable extruder provided by the utility model includes a barrel. At the centers of the two side walls of the barrel in the width direction, there are channels one running through in the length direction. The longitudinal section of the channel one is circular. A rotating rod is coaxially arranged in the channel one inside the barrel. One end of the rotating rod is equipped with a sealed bearing, and the outer wall of the sealed bearing is fixedly connected to the opening of the channel one. The rotating rod is axially provided with a through channel two. On the outer arc wall of the rotating rod, there are a number of axially penetrating sliding grooves one distributed in an annular array. A number of fixed rings are slidably connected to the outer arc wall of the rotating rod. The fixed rings on the outer arc wall of the rotating rod are divided into three parts: the front section, the middle section, and the rear section. Among them, on the outer arc walls of several fixed rings located in the middle section, spiral grooves one and spiral grooves two are fixedly connected at intervals. The spiral grooves one and the spiral grooves two have opposite helix directions.

[0007] Further, splines are provided on the inner arc wall of the fixed ring, and the splines are adapted to a plurality of first chutes on the outer arc wall of the rotating rod. A threaded hole is provided at the center of the side wall of the rotating rod away from the sealing bearing, and a fixed cover is threadedly connected in the threaded hole. The outer arc walls of a plurality of the fixed rings located in the front section and the rear section are fixedly connected with first spiral grooves, and two adjacent first spiral grooves can be tightly abutted. A plurality of the fixed rings respectively fixed with the first spiral grooves and the second spiral grooves in the middle section are arranged at intervals.

[0008] Further, one end of the rotating rod close to the sealing bearing is fixedly connected with a belt pulley. The belt pulley is located outside the barrel. The belt pulley is axially provided with a through third channel, and the third channel is coaxially arranged with and communicated with the second channel. A belt is sleeved in the pulley groove of the belt pulley. One end of the inner side wall of the belt away from the belt pulley is sleeved with a belt pulley with the same structure, and a first motor is fixedly connected to the belt pulley away from the barrel.

[0009] Further, a vertically through fourth channel is provided at one end of the top of the barrel close to the belt pulley. A feed hopper is fixedly connected to the opening at the top end of the fourth channel. The feed hopper is arranged close to the rear end. A mold is installed on the side wall of the barrel away from the belt pulley. The discharge port of the mold is coaxially arranged with the rotating rod, and a cooling groove is provided on the side wall of the mold away from the barrel.

[0010] Further, two clamping mechanisms are arranged in the cooling groove along the axial direction of the rotating rod. The clamping mechanism includes a mounting frame detachably connected to the inner side wall of the cooling groove. A fifth channel penetrating along the length direction of the barrel is provided on the side wall of the mounting frame close to the barrel. Limiting plates are fixedly connected to the openings on both sides of the fifth channel.

[0011] Further, an external gear ring is rotatably connected to the inner arc wall of the fifth channel on the mounting frame. The external gear ring is coaxially arranged with the fifth channel and the inner arc wall radius of the external gear ring is greater than the inner arc wall radius of the fifth channel. A plurality of pull rods distributed in an annular array are rotatably connected to one side wall of the external gear ring. One end of the pull rod away from the external gear ring is rotatably connected with a limiting block.

[0012] Further, a plurality of the limiting blocks are all located inside the external gear ring. The longitudinal section of the limiting block is crescent-shaped. One end of the pull rod away from the external gear ring is rotatably connected to the middle of the limiting block. One end of the limiting block is rotatably connected to the limiting plate. A roller is embedded on one side wall of a plurality of the limiting blocks close to each other. The axial direction of the roller is perpendicular to the axial direction of the pull rod.

[0013] Further, a gear is meshed and connected to one side of the top end of the external gear ring. The same rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the side walls of the two gears close to each other. The gears are all located inside the mounting frame. The two ends of the rotating shaft respectively penetrate through the two mounting frames. A second motor is fixedly connected to one side wall of one of the gears away from the rotating shaft. The second motor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mounting frame.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0015] 1. Through the stirring rods with different helix directions assembled on the rotating rod, when stirring, when the material reaches the heating area, the helical grooves with opposite helix directions will accelerate the stirring and fusion between the raw materials. At the same time, it can briefly change the flow direction of the material, reduce the retention and accumulation of the material between the fixed ring and the barrel, thereby improving the fluidity of the material. At the same time, it helps to further break the material agglomerates and make them more evenly distributed between the fixed ring and the barrel. Therefore, the raw materials are stirred and mixed more evenly. At the same rotational speed, a relatively lower temperature can be used to make the raw materials heated evenly. At the same temperature, the task can be completed at a faster speed and with a smaller volume, reducing wear while ensuring the extrusion efficiency.

[0016] 2. Through the clamping mechanism arranged at the die outlet, the extruded cable can pass through the cold water tank straight. At the same time, the rollers made of flexible materials on the clamping mechanism can help position and convey the cable while reducing the friction with the produced cable, avoiding the abrasion of the outer surface caused by the friction between the naturally sagging cable and the inner wall of the cold water tank. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the rotating rod and the fixed ring in a low-wear wire and cable extruder;

[0018] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 The enlarged structural diagram at A in

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic overall structural diagram of a low-wear wire and cable extruder;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the die outlet in a low-wear wire and cable extruder;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the clamping mechanism in a low-wear wire and cable extruder;

[0022] Figure 6 It is an exploded view of the structural diagram of the clamping mechanism in a low-wear wire and cable extruder.

[0023] In the figure:

[0024] 10. Barrel; 11. Die; 12. Feed hopper; 13. Belt pulley; 14. Belt; 15. Motor 1;

[0025] 16. Cooling tank;

[0026] 20. Fixed ring; 21. First spiral groove; 22. Spline; 23. Second spiral groove; 24. Rotating rod

[0027] 30. Installation frame; 31. Limiting plate; 32. Outer gear ring; 33. Gear; 34. Rotating shaft; 35. Pull rod; 36. Limiting block; 37. Roller Specific implementation manner

[0028] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention

[0029] Please refer to Figures 1-6 , the present invention provides a technical solution: including a barrel 10. At the centers of the two side walls of the barrel 10 along the width direction, there are through channels one along the length direction. The longitudinal section of the channel one is circular. A rotating rod 24 is coaxially arranged in the channel one inside the barrel 10. One end of the rotating rod 24 is equipped with a sealing bearing, and the outer wall of the sealing bearing is fixedly connected to the opening of the channel one. The rotating rod 24 is axially provided with a through channel two. On the outer arc wall of the rotating rod 24, there are a number of axially through sliding grooves one distributed in an annular array. A number of fixed rings 20 are slidably connected to the outer arc wall of the rotating rod 24. The fixed rings 20 on the outer arc wall of the rotating rod 24 are divided into three parts: the front section, the middle section, and the rear section. Among them, on the outer arc walls of the several fixed rings 20 located in the middle section, a first spiral groove 21 and a second spiral groove 23 are fixedly connected at intervals. The spiral directions of the first spiral groove 21 and the second spiral groove 23 are opposite

[0030] On the inner arc wall of the fixed ring 20, there is a spline 22, and the spline 22 is adapted to several sliding grooves one on the outer arc wall of the rotating rod 24. A threaded hole is opened at the center of the side wall of the rotating rod 24 away from the sealing bearing, and a fixed cover is threadedly connected in the threaded hole. On the outer arc walls of the several fixed rings 20 located in the front section and the rear section, a first spiral groove 21 is fixedly connected, and two adjacent first spiral grooves 21 can be closely abutted. The several fixed rings 20 respectively fixing the first spiral groove 21 and the second spiral groove 23 in the middle section are arranged at intervals

[0031] One end of the rotating rod 24 close to the sealing bearing is fixedly connected with a belt pulley 13. The belt pulley 13 is located outside the barrel 10. The belt pulley 13 is axially provided with a through channel three. The channel three is coaxially arranged with the channel two and is mutually communicated. A belt 14 is sleeved in the pulley groove of the belt pulley 13. One end of the inner side wall of the belt 14 away from the belt pulley 13 is sleeved with a belt pulley 13 with the same structure, and a motor one 15 is fixedly connected to the belt pulley 13 away from the barrel 10

[0032] It should be noted that: the front section, the middle section, and the rear section divide the fixing rings 20 at different positions in the first channel. The rear section is the feeding section, where the materials have been pretreated and only need to be conveyed to the middle section after entering from the feeding hopper 12. The middle section is the heating section. In order to ensure uniform heating and sufficient heat absorption of the materials in the heating section, the first spiral groove 21 and the second spiral groove 23 are installed at intervals. The rear end is the extrusion section, where the materials that have been heated, stirred, and mixed are extruded from the mold 11 and enter the subsequent steps;

[0033] The second channel and the third channel are used for laying copper wires. That is, the copper wires are inserted from the third channel in advance until they are exposed from the discharge port of the mold 11. Then, when extruding, the molten plastic will wrap around the outer surface of the copper wires and finally be conveyed to the next production link under the fixation of the clamping mechanism through the fifth channel;

[0034] The first spiral groove 21 and the second spiral groove 23 can be regarded as parts of screws with different helix directions. Dividing them into multiple parts not only saves the maintenance cost of damage but also makes replacement more convenient. At the same time, it can be changed according to different equipment or different physical properties of raw materials. For example, for equipment with different feeding positions, it can be selected where to set the middle section. Similarly, for the convenience of installation, the fixing rings 20 in the front section and the rear section can be fixedly connected as a whole. The example shown in the figure is only one case;

[0035] Since the first spiral groove 21 is mainly used for conveying in other parts, when multiple first spiral grooves 21 are abutted against each other, they can form a neat and coherent screw. The main difference between the second spiral groove 23 and the first spiral groove 21 is their different helix directions. Secondly, the second spiral groove 23 is provided with gaps at intervals. The purpose is that the second spiral groove 23 will not block the normal conveying of the materials and avoid affecting the extrusion rate. Since the second spiral groove 23 will generate an opposite spiral driving force when rotating with the first spiral groove 21, it can better stir and shear the materials. The gaps allow the materials to pass through. Therefore, at the same temperature, due to more sufficient stirring, the materials are heated more evenly and the rotation speed is relatively slow, reducing energy consumption. At the same rotation speed, that is, the conveying speed, due to the reverse stirring design, it is not necessary to maintain a high temperature throughout the process to ensure that the materials are heated sufficiently and up to standard, and it is not necessary to have a long heating section to ensure uniform heating. Thus, the floor area of the equipment can be reduced and the cost can be reduced.

[0036] Please refer to Figures 1-6, the present utility model provides a technical solution: a vertically penetrating fourth channel is opened at one end of the top of the barrel 10 near the pulley 13, and a feed hopper 12 is fixedly connected to the opening at the top end of the fourth channel. The feed hopper 12 is arranged near the rear end. A mold 11 is installed on a side wall of the barrel 10 away from the pulley 13. The discharge port of the mold 11 is coaxially arranged with the rotating rod 24. A cooling groove 16 is provided on a side wall of the mold 11 away from the barrel 10;

[0037] Two clamping mechanisms are arranged in the cooling groove 16 along the axial direction of the rotating rod 24. The clamping mechanism includes a mounting frame 30 detachably connected to the inner side wall of the cooling groove 16. A fifth channel penetrating along the length direction of the barrel 10 is opened on a side wall of the mounting frame 30 close to the barrel 10. Limiting plates 31 are fixedly connected to both openings on both sides of the fifth channel;

[0038] An external gear ring 32 is rotatably connected to the inner arc wall of the fifth channel on the mounting frame 30. The external gear ring 32 is coaxially arranged with the fifth channel and the inner arc wall radius of the external gear ring 32 is greater than the inner arc wall radius of the fifth channel. A plurality of pull rods 35 distributed in an annular array are rotatably connected to one side wall of the external gear ring 32. One end of the pull rod 35 away from the external gear ring 32 is rotatably connected to a limiting block 36;

[0039] A plurality of the limiting blocks 36 are all located inside the external gear ring 32. The longitudinal section of the limiting block 36 is crescent-shaped. One end of the pull rod 35 away from the external gear ring 32 is rotatably connected to the middle of the limiting block 36. One end of the limiting block 36 is rotatably connected to the limiting plate 31. A roller 37 is embedded on one side wall of a plurality of the limiting blocks 36 close to each other. The axial direction of the roller 37 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the pull rod 35;

[0040] One side of the top end of the external gear ring 32 is meshed and connected with a gear 33. The same rotating shaft 34 is fixedly connected to one side wall of the two gears 33 close to each other. The gears 33 are all located inside the mounting frame 30. Both ends of the rotating shaft 34 penetrate through the two mounting frames 30 respectively. A second motor is fixedly connected to one side wall of one of the gears 33 away from the rotating shaft 34. The second motor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mounting frame 30.

[0041] It should be noted that: cold water can be externally connected to a water pump and poured into the cooling groove 16. The clamping mechanism is at a certain distance from the discharge port of the mold 11, that is, the extruded cable needs to be cooled by cold water first and then enter the clamping mechanism to assist in leveling.

[0042] Working principle:

[0043] The raw materials enter into the first channel from the feed hopper 12 and fall onto the fixed ring 20. Driven by the motor 1, the belt pulley 13 rotates, and the rotating rod 24 drives several fixed rings 20 to rotate. Then, the first spiral groove 21 rotates along the axis of the rotating rod 24 to generate a spiral thrust, transporting the raw materials while stirring them towards the mold 11. When reaching the middle section, the fixed ring 20 equipped with the second spiral groove 23 generates a reverse spiral conveying force. At the same time, due to the notch provided on the second spiral groove 23, it can assist in enhancing the stirring and shearing effects without blocking the material from passing through. Finally, the materials are extruded from the mold 11, cooled through the clamping mechanism in the cooling tank 16, and then transported to the next production process.

Claims

1. A low-wear wire and cable extruder, comprising a barrel (10), wherein a channel 1 penetrating along the length direction is provided at the center of the two side walls of the barrel (10) along the width direction, and the longitudinal section of the channel 1 is circular, and the characteristics are as follows: A rotating rod (24) is coaxially arranged in the channel 1 in the barrel (10), a sealing bearing is installed at one end of the rotating rod (24), and the outer wall of the sealing bearing is fixedly connected to the opening of the channel 1. The rotating rod (24) is provided with a channel 2 penetrating along the axial direction, and the outer arc wall of the rotating rod (24) is provided with a plurality of slide grooves 1 distributed in an annular array and penetrating along the axial direction, and the outer arc wall of the rotating rod (24) is slidably connected with a plurality of fixing rings (20), and the fixing rings (20) on the outer arc wall of the rotating rod (24) are divided into three parts: a front section, a middle section and a rear section, wherein the outer arc walls of the plurality of fixing rings (20) located in the middle section are fixedly connected with spiral grooves 1 (21) and spiral grooves 2 (23) at intervals, and the spiral grooves 1 (21) and the spiral grooves 2 (23) have opposite rotation directions.

2. A low-wear wire and cable extruder as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner arc wall of the fixing ring (20) is provided with a spline (22), and the spline (22) is matched with a plurality of slide grooves 1 on the outer arc wall of the rotating rod (24). A threaded hole is opened at the center of a side wall of the rotating rod (24) away from the sealing bearing, and a fixing cover is threadedly connected in the threaded hole. The outer arc walls of the plurality of fixing rings (20) located in the front section and the rear section are fixedly connected with spiral grooves 1 (21), and two adjacent spiral grooves 1 (21) can be tightly abutted. The plurality of fixing rings (20) located in the middle section, which respectively fix the spiral grooves 1 (21) and the spiral grooves 2 (23), are arranged at intervals from each other.

3. A low-wear wire and cable extruder as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating rod (24) is fixedly connected to a pulley (13) at one end close to the sealed bearing. The pulley (13) is located outside the barrel (10). The pulley (13) is provided with a third channel extending therethrough in the axial direction. The third channel is coaxially arranged with the second channel and is interconnected. A belt (14) is sleeved in a wheel groove of the pulley (13). A pulley (13) having the same structure is sleeved at one end of an inner wall of the belt (14) away from the pulley (13). A motor (15) is fixedly connected to the pulley (13) away from the barrel (10).

4. A low-wear wire and cable extruder as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A vertically penetrating channel 4 is provided at one end of the top of the barrel (10) near the pulley (13), and a feed hopper (12) is fixedly connected to the top opening of the channel 4, wherein the feed hopper (12) is arranged near the rear end, and a mold (11) is installed on a side wall of the barrel (10) away from the pulley (13), the discharge port of the mold (11) is coaxially arranged with the rotating rod (24), and a cooling groove (16) is provided on a side wall of the mold (11) away from the barrel (10).

5. A low-wear wire and cable extruder as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: Two clamping mechanisms are provided in the cooling groove (16) along the axis direction of the rotating rod (24), and the clamping mechanisms include a mounting frame (30) detachably connected to the inner wall of the cooling groove (16), and a channel five penetrating along the length direction of the barrel (10) is provided on a side wall of the mounting frame (30) close to the barrel (10), and the channel five is fixedly connected to the openings on both sides of the channel five.

6. A low-wear wire and cable extruder as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: An outer gear ring (32) is rotatably connected to the inner arc wall of channel five on the mounting frame (30); the outer gear ring (32) is coaxially arranged with channel five and the inner arc wall radius of the outer gear ring (32) is larger than the inner arc wall radius of channel five; a plurality of pull rods (35) distributed in a ring array are rotatably connected to one side wall of the outer gear ring (32); one end of the pull rod (35) away from the outer gear ring (32) is rotatably connected to a limiting block (36).

7. A low-wear wire and cable extruder as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of the limit blocks (36) are located inside the outer gear ring (32), the limit blocks (36) have a crescent-shaped longitudinal section, one end of the pull rod (35) away from the outer gear ring (32) is rotatably connected to the middle of the limit block (36), one end of the limit block (36) is rotatably connected to the limit plate (31), and a roller (37) is embedded on one side wall of the plurality of limit blocks (36) close to each other, and the axis direction of the roller (37) is perpendicular to the axis direction of the pull rod (35).

8. A low-wear wire and cable extruder as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: A gear (33) is meshedly connected to one side of the top of the outer gear ring (32); a same rotating shaft (34) is fixedly connected to a side wall of the two gears (33) close to each other; the gears (33) are both located inside the mounting frame (30); two ends of the rotating shaft (34) respectively penetrate the two mounting frames (30); a second motor is fixedly connected to a side wall of one of the gears (33) away from the rotating shaft (34); and the second motor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mounting frame (30).

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