Viscosity increasing box

Abstract

The utility model provides a tackifying box. The viscosity increasing box comprises a shell, the shell is provided with a cylindrical surface and a plane, the cylindrical surface faces the tread of a wheel, the circle center of the cylindrical surface is concentric with the wheel, the plane faces the rail top of a steel rail and is parallel to the steel rail, and the cylindrical surface is provided with a laser outlet; the first airflow outlet and the second airflow outlet are located on the two sides of the laser outlet. The first outlet is in sealed connection with an inlet of the nozzle connected with the first airflow outlet through a first pipeline, and the second outlet is in sealed connection with an inlet of the nozzle connected with the second airflow outlet through a second pipeline. The tackifying box provided by the utility model overcomes the defects of sand accumulation, ballast bed hardening, need of regular cleaning, high operation and maintenance cost, low operation efficiency and great increase of sand cost caused by long-term sand spraying in the existing solution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical fields of wheel-rail adhesion technology and laser application technology, and particularly relates to an adhesion increasing box. Background Art

[0002] Theoretically, the single-unit traction capacity of a heavy-haul train can meet the traction of a ten-thousand-ton load. However, in actual operation, when encountering special conditions such as large slopes (10 - 12‰), small curve radii (minimum 400 m), rain and snow days, etc., there is still a problem of insufficient adhesion, and there are risks such as vehicle slipping, rail abrasion, and even coupler fracture. The existing methods to overcome insufficient adhesion are mainly: sand is scattered between the wheel and the rail through a sandblasting system. This is a technology that has been used for decades, and there is no doubt about the effectiveness of adhesion increase. However, the main problems are:

[0003] 1. The sections with insufficient adhesion are basically fixed. When the train passes through this section, sand almost needs to be scattered. Long-term sand scattering causes sand accumulation and ballast hardening, which requires regular cleaning, resulting in high operation and maintenance costs and low operation efficiency;

[0004] 2. Due to environmental protection requirements, the state has explicitly prohibited the excavation of riverbed sand, and only manufactured sand can be used for locomotive sand, resulting in a substantial increase in the cost of sand.

[0005] In summary, the existing solutions have defects such as sand accumulation and ballast hardening caused by long-term sand scattering, which require regular cleaning, resulting in high operation and maintenance costs and low operation efficiency, as well as a substantial increase in the cost of sand. Content of the Utility Model

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides an adhesion increasing box to solve the defects of the existing solutions, including sand accumulation and ballast hardening caused by long-term sand scattering, which require regular cleaning, resulting in high operation and maintenance costs and low operation efficiency, as well as a substantial increase in the cost of sand.

[0007] According to the first aspect of the utility model, an adhesion increasing box is provided, including: a housing, the housing has a cylindrical surface and a flat surface. The cylindrical surface faces the tread of the wheel, and the center of the cylindrical surface is concentric with the wheel. The flat surface faces the top of the rail, and the flat surface is parallel to the rail. A laser outlet is provided on the cylindrical surface, and a first air flow outlet and a second air flow outlet are provided on both sides of the laser outlet. A third air flow outlet and a fourth air flow outlet are provided on the flat surface. Valves are provided on the laser outlet, the first air flow outlet, the second air flow outlet, the third air flow outlet, and the fourth air flow outlet;

[0008] Four nozzles, all four nozzles are located inside the housing, and the outlets of the four nozzles are hermetically connected to the first air flow outlet, the second air flow outlet, the third air flow outlet, and the fourth air flow outlet respectively;

[0009] The laser head is located inside the housing, and the outlet of the laser head is sealingly connected to the laser outlet;

[0010] The flow splitting box has a first inlet, a first outlet, a second outlet, a third outlet and a fourth outlet. The first outlet is sealingly connected to the inlet of the nozzle connected to the first air flow outlet through the first pipeline. The second outlet is sealingly connected to the inlet of the nozzle connected to the second air flow outlet through the second pipeline. The third outlet is sealingly connected to the inlet of the nozzle connected to the third air flow outlet through the third pipeline. The fourth air flow outlet is sealingly connected to the inlet of the nozzle connected to the fourth air flow outlet through the fourth pipeline.

[0011] Optionally, the shapes and sizes of the laser outlet, the first air flow outlet, the second air flow outlet, the third air flow outlet and the fourth air flow outlet are the same as those of the nozzle outlet and are all rectangular. The side lengths of the rectangle are a and b respectively. a is parallel to the axle direction, a:b≥20:1, 30mm≤a≤50mm, 1.5mm≤b≤3mm.

[0012] Optionally, the area of the first inlet is larger than the sum of the areas of the first outlet, the second outlet, the third outlet and the fourth outlet.

[0013] Optionally, the structures of the four nozzles are the same. The nozzle is in a contracted shape. The inlet of the nozzle is circular and the outlet of the nozzle is rectangular. The area of the circle is larger than the area of the rectangle.

[0014] Optionally, the first air flow outlet, the second air flow outlet, the third air flow outlet, the fourth air flow outlet and the laser outlet all have a straight section, and each straight section is connected to the outlet of the corresponding nozzle and the outlet of the laser head;

[0015] The straight sections located at the first air flow outlet and the second air flow outlet are radially aligned with the tread of the wheel, and the straight section forms an angle with the tangent of the cylindrical surface. The acute angle of the angle is 50°-80°;

[0016] The straight sections located at the third air flow outlet and the fourth air flow outlet are radially aligned with the rail, and the straight section forms an angle with the rail head. The acute angle of the angle is 50°-80°;

[0017] The cross-section of each straight section is rectangular and is the same as the shape and size of the nozzle outlet, and its shape and size match the nozzle;

[0018] The area ratio of the circle to the rectangle is 10-40:1.

[0019] Through a viscosity increasing box of the utility model, first of all, the laser head can emit discrete laser with a certain deflection angle, and the laser acts on the tread of the wheel to form laser textured micropits with a specific distribution, increasing the tread roughness and achieving the viscosity increasing effect;

[0020] Secondly, through the settings of the first air flow outlet and the second air flow outlet, impurities on the wheel tread can be cleaned before the laser acts on the wheel tread, enabling the laser to act on the clean wheel tread, ensuring the effect of the laser action, and preventing impurities from entering the laser head.

[0021] The utility model solves the defects of the existing solutions, such as long-term sand spreading causing sand accumulation and roadbed hardening, which require regular cleaning, resulting in high operation and maintenance costs, low operation efficiency, and a significant increase in the cost of sand. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure diagram of an adhesion increasing box provided according to the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a two-dimensional structure diagram of an adhesion increasing box provided according to the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structure diagram of the outer shell of an adhesion increasing box provided according to the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structure diagram of the nozzle of an adhesion increasing box provided according to the utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structure diagram of the laser head of an adhesion increasing box provided according to the utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a structure diagram of the shunt box of an adhesion increasing box provided according to the utility model.

[0028] List of Reference Numerals:

[0029] 10. Outer shell; 20. Nozzle; 30. Laser head; 40. Shunt box; 50. Straight section;

[0030] 1. Cylindrical surface; 2. Plane; 3. Laser outlet; 4. First air flow outlet; 5. Second air flow outlet; 6. Third air flow outlet; 7. Fourth air flow outlet; 8. First inlet; 9. First outlet; 100. Second outlet; 11. Third outlet; 12. Fourth outlet. Detailed Embodiment

[0031] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the utility model clearer, the following will further describe the embodiments of the utility model in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0032] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0033] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] Referring to Figures 1 to 6 , the present utility model provides an adhesion increasing box, which can solve the defects existing in the existing solutions, such as long-term sand scattering causing sand accumulation and roadbed hardening, requiring regular cleaning, high operation and maintenance costs, low operation efficiency, and a significant increase in the cost of sand.

[0035] An adhesion increasing box provided by the present utility model includes: a housing 10, four nozzles 20, a laser head 30, and a flow dividing box 40;

[0036] The housing 10 has a cylindrical surface 1 and a flat surface 2. The cylindrical surface 1 is arranged facing the tread of the wheel, and the center of the cylindrical surface 1 is concentric with the wheel. The flat surface 2 is arranged facing the top of the rail, and the flat surface 2 is parallel to the rail. A laser outlet 3 is provided on the cylindrical surface 1, and a first air flow outlet 4 and a second air flow outlet 5 are provided on both sides of the laser outlet 3. A third air flow outlet 6 and a fourth air flow outlet 7 are provided on the flat surface 2. Valves are provided on the laser outlet 3, the first air flow outlet 4, the second air flow outlet 5, the third air flow outlet 6, and the fourth air flow outlet 7.

[0037] The four nozzles 20 are all located inside the housing 10, and the outlets of the four nozzles 20 are hermetically connected to the first air flow outlet 4, the second air flow outlet 5, the third air flow outlet 6, and the fourth air flow outlet 7 respectively;

[0038] The laser head 30 is located inside the housing 10, and the outlet of the laser head 30 is hermetically connected to the laser outlet 3;

[0039] The flow splitter box 40 has a first inlet 8, a first outlet 9, a second outlet 100, a third outlet 11 and a fourth outlet 12. The first outlet 9 is hermetically connected to the inlet of the nozzle 20 connected to the first air flow outlet 4 through the first pipeline. The second outlet 100 is hermetically connected to the inlet of the nozzle 20 connected to the second air flow outlet 5 through the second pipeline. The third outlet 11 is hermetically connected to the inlet of the nozzle 20 connected to the third air flow outlet 6 through the third pipeline. The fourth air flow outlet 7 is hermetically connected to the inlet of the nozzle 20 connected to the fourth air flow outlet 7 through the fourth pipeline.

[0040] Among them, the outer shell has a cylindrical surface and five planes. The cylindrical surface is arranged facing the tread of the wheel, and the center of the cylindrical surface is concentric with the wheel. One of the planes is arranged facing the top of the rail, and the said plane is arranged parallel to the rail;

[0041] The tackifier box is connected to the control system; four quick-connect interfaces are provided on the surface of the outer shell 10. The four quick-connect interfaces can quickly connect the laser transmission optical fiber, the air path, the water path, and the control cable (circuit) respectively, and connect the laser, the air flow, the cooling water, and the control signal; the outer shell 10 also has other surfaces, and the other surfaces can be planes or curved surfaces that meet the requirements of aerodynamics (pneumatic). Chamfers or sharp corners can be used for transition between different surfaces;

[0042] The distance between the cylindrical surface 1 and the tread of the wheel is between 15 - 20 mm, and the distance between the plane 2 and the top of the rail is between 15 - 20 mm, so that the laser and the air flow output by the laser head 30 can clean and texturize the treads of the wheel and the rail in a short time and at a short distance; among them, the radius of the cylindrical surface 1 is 685 mm.

[0043] In this application, the limitation of the first air flow outlet 4 and the second air flow outlet 5 on both sides of the laser outlet 3 is relative to the rotation direction of the wheel. Therefore, the settings of the first air flow outlet 4 and the second air flow outlet 5 can be used to clean the medium (such as water, ice, sand grains, etc.) on the tread of the wheel whether the wheel rotates forward or backward;

[0044] In this application, the laser head 30 is externally connected to a laser, and the laser beam is input into the laser head 30 through an optical fiber. After the laser input from the optical fiber interface passes through the laser head 30, it emits discrete laser light at a certain deflection angle and acts on the tread of the wheel to form laser texturing micro-pits with a specific morphology and a certain distribution. Among them, in this application, the laser head 30 itself can eject high-speed air flow. After the air path is input into the laser head 30, it outputs simultaneously with the laser at the laser outlet 3 (the laser outlet 3 is the common outlet of the laser and the air flow, and the air and the light are turned on and off simultaneously), so that laser texturing micro-pits with a specific morphology and a certain distribution are formed on the tread of the wheel, and external impurities are blocked from entering the laser head 30;

[0045] The laser head 30 is divided into a pulsed laser head and a continuous laser head. Both the pulsed laser head and the continuous laser head are existing products, and the interface of the laser head 30 is a QBH type interface;

[0046] The first inlet 8 of the flow splitting box 40 is connected to the fan;

[0047] In this application, through the control signal of the control system, the valves corresponding to the laser outlet 3, the first air flow outlet 4, the second air flow outlet 5, the third air flow outlet 6, and the fourth air flow outlet 7 are opened when working and closed when not working, so as to protect the components inside the tackifier box from being contaminated by foreign impurities; when actually applied, when the wheel changes the rotation direction, the first air flow outlet 4 or the second air flow outlet 5 is respectively opened, so that the air flow is always in front of the laser beam, achieving the purpose of cleaning the wheel tread before laser texturing, and when the wheel changes the rotation direction, the different third air flow outlets 6 or the fourth air flow outlets 7 are respectively opened, so that the air flow effectively cleans the rail;

[0048] Furthermore, the first air flow outlet 4, the third air flow outlet 7, and the laser outlet 3 are in a group, the second air flow outlet 5, the third air flow outlet 6, and the laser outlet 3 are in a group, the valves on the first air flow outlet 4, the valves on the third air flow outlet 7, and the valves on the laser outlet 3 are set to open and close simultaneously, and the valves on the second air flow outlet 5, the valves on the third air flow outlet 6, and the valves on the laser outlet 3 are set to open and close simultaneously.

[0049] A tackifier box provided by the present utility model, first of all, through the laser head 30, the laser can be emitted at a certain deflection angle to act on the wheel tread with discrete lasers to form laser textured micro-pits with a specific distribution, increasing the tread roughness and achieving the effect of increasing adhesion;

[0050] Secondly, through the settings of the first air flow outlet 4 and the second air flow outlet 5, the impurities on the wheel tread can be cleaned before the laser acts on the wheel tread, enabling the laser to act on the clean wheel tread, ensuring the effect of the laser action, and blocking the impurities from entering the laser head 30;

[0051] The present utility model solves the defects of the existing solutions, such as long-term sand spraying causing sand accumulation and ballast hardening, which requires regular cleaning, high operation and maintenance costs, low operation efficiency, a large amount of sand grains between the wheel and the rail affecting current collection, and a significant increase in the cost of sand.

[0052] Optionally, the shapes and sizes of the laser outlet 3, the first air flow outlet 4, the second air flow outlet 5, the third air flow outlet 6, and the fourth air flow outlet 7 are the same as those of the outlet of the nozzle 20, all being rectangular. The side lengths of the rectangle are a and b respectively, a is parallel to the axle direction, a:b≥20:1, 30mm≤a≤50mm, 1.5mm≤b≤3mm.

[0053] Among them, the above structure is better sealed and connected, so that the outlet of the nozzle 20 is sealed at the junction between the corresponding air flow outlets, preventing impurities from entering the inside of the tackifier box and protecting the components inside the tackifier box from being contaminated by foreign debris.

[0054] Optionally, the area of the first inlet 8 is larger than the sum of the areas of the first outlet 9, the second outlet 100, the third outlet 11, and the fourth outlet 12.

[0055] Referring to Figure 4 , optionally, the structures of the four nozzles 20 are the same. The nozzle 20 is in a contracted shape. The inlet of the nozzle 20 is circular, and the outlet of the nozzle 20 is rectangular. The area of the circle is larger than the area of the rectangle.

[0056] Referring to Figures 1 to 2 , optionally, the first air flow outlet 4, the second air flow outlet 5, the third air flow outlet 6, the fourth air flow outlet 7, and the laser outlet 3 all have a straight section 50, and each straight section 50 is connected to the outlet of the corresponding nozzle 20 and the outlet of the laser head 30;

[0057] The straight sections 50 located at the first air flow outlet 4 and the second air flow outlet 5 are radially aligned with the tread of the wheel, and the straight section 50 forms an angle with the tangent of the cylindrical surface 1. The acute angle of the angle is 50° - 80°;

[0058] The straight sections 50 located at the third air flow outlet 6 and the fourth air flow outlet 7 are radially aligned with the rail, and the straight section 50 forms an angle with the rail head of the rail. The acute angle of the angle is 50° - 80°;

[0059] The cross-section of each straight section 50 is rectangular, and has the same shape and size as the outlet of the nozzle 20, and its shape and size match those of the nozzle 20;

[0060] The area ratio of the circle to the rectangle is 10 - 40:1.

[0061] Among them, the length range of each straight section 50 is 30 - 50 mm; among them, the above angle limitation can make the straight section 50 just align with the wheel tread and the rail head, resulting in a better cleaning effect on the wheel tread and the rail head, and a better effect of the laser head 30 on texturing the wheel tread.

[0062] Working principle: For the convenience of description, a rectangular coordinate system is set. The positive x direction is the running direction of the locomotive. For the left side of the locomotive driver, the positive y direction points to the outside of the rail. For the right side of the locomotive driver, the positive y direction points to the inside of the rail. The positive z direction is perpendicular to the ground and upward;

[0063] If the locomotive runs in the positive x - direction, for the front - wheel adhesion - increasing box on the left side of the locomotive driver, the valves on the second air - flow outlet 5, the third air - flow outlet 6 and the laser outlet 3 are opened simultaneously. At this time, the air flows out from the second air - flow outlet 5 and the third air - flow outlet 6, and the valves on the first air - flow outlet 4 and the fourth air - flow outlet 7 are closed. The third medium (such as water, ice, sand grains, etc.) on the wheel tread is blown away to clean the tread and remove the interference of impurities on the laser beam. Immediately afterwards, the laser connected to the laser head 30 emits light and is transmitted to the laser head to roughen the wheel tread. The laser head can emit discrete laser light at a certain deflection angle, and the laser acts on the wheel tread to form specific laser - roughened micro - pits with a certain distribution, increasing the tread roughness and achieving the effect of adhesion increase. For the rear - wheel adhesion - increasing box on the left side of the locomotive driver, the valves on the first air - flow outlet 4, the fourth air - flow outlet 7 and the laser outlet 3 are opened simultaneously. At this time, the air flows out from the first air - flow outlet 4 and the fourth air - flow outlet 7, and the valves on the second air - flow outlet 5 and the third air - flow outlet 6 are closed. The third medium (such as water, ice, sand grains, etc.) on the wheel tread is blown away to clean the tread and remove the interference of impurities on the laser beam. Immediately afterwards, the laser connected to the laser head 30 emits light and is transmitted to the laser head to roughen the wheel tread. The laser head can emit discrete laser light at a certain deflection angle, and the laser acts on the wheel tread to form specific laser - roughened micro - pits with a certain distribution, increasing the tread roughness and achieving the effect of adhesion increase.

[0064] If the locomotive runs in the reverse direction of the x-axis (backs up), the front-wheel adhesion enhancement box on the left side of the locomotive driver simultaneously opens the valves on the first air outlet 4, the fourth air outlet 7, and the laser outlet 3. At this time, the air flows out from the first air outlet 4 and the fourth air outlet 7, and the valves on the second air outlet 5 and the third air outlet 6 are closed. The third medium (such as water, ice, sand particles, etc.) on the wheel tread is blown away to clean the tread and remove the interference of impurities on the laser beam. Immediately afterwards, the laser connected to the laser head 30 emits light and is transmitted to the laser head to roughen the wheel tread. The laser head can emit discrete laser light at a certain deflection angle to act on the wheel tread to form specific laser roughening micro-pits with a certain distribution, increasing the tread roughness and achieving the effect of adhesion enhancement. For the rear-wheel adhesion enhancement box on the left side of the locomotive driver, the valves on the second air outlet 5, the third air outlet 6, and the laser outlet 3 are simultaneously opened. At this time, the air flows out from the second air outlet 5 and the third air outlet 6, and the valves on the first air outlet 4 and the fourth air outlet 7 are closed. The third medium (such as water, ice, sand particles, etc.) on the wheel tread is blown away to clean the tread and remove the interference of impurities on the laser beam. Immediately afterwards, the laser connected to the laser head 30 emits light and is transmitted to the laser head to roughen the wheel tread. The laser head can emit discrete laser light at a certain deflection angle to act on the wheel tread to form specific laser roughening micro-pits with a certain distribution, increasing the tread roughness and achieving the effect of adhesion enhancement.

[0065] It should be noted that not all steps and modules in the above-mentioned various processes and system structure diagrams are necessary, and some steps or modules can be ignored according to actual needs. The execution order of each step is not fixed and can be adjusted according to needs. The system structures described in the above-mentioned various embodiments can be physical structures or logical structures, that is, some modules may be implemented by the same physical entity, or some modules may be implemented separately by multiple physical entities, or some components in multiple independent devices may be jointly implemented.

[0066] In the above-mentioned various embodiments, the hardware modules can be implemented mechanically or electrically. The present invention has been shown and described in detail through the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to these disclosed embodiments. Based on the above-mentioned multiple embodiments, those skilled in the art can know that more embodiments of the present invention can be obtained by combining the code review means in the above-mentioned different embodiments, and these embodiments are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A viscosity increasing box, characterized in that: include: A housing (10), the housing (10) comprising a cylindrical surface (1) and a plane (2), the cylindrical surface (1) being arranged towards the tread of a wheel, and the center of the cylindrical surface (1) being concentric with the wheel, the plane (2) being arranged towards the top of a rail, and the plane (2) being arranged parallel to the rail, a laser outlet (3) being provided on the cylindrical surface (1), and a first airflow outlet (4) and a second airflow outlet (5) being provided on both sides of the laser outlet (3), a third airflow outlet (6) and a fourth airflow outlet (7) being provided on the plane (2), and valves being provided on the laser outlet (3), the first airflow outlet (4), the second airflow outlet (5), the third airflow outlet (6) and the fourth airflow outlet (7); Four nozzles (20), the four nozzles (20) are all located inside the housing (10), and the outlets of the four nozzles (20) are respectively sealed and connected to the first airflow outlet (4), the second airflow outlet (5), the third airflow outlet (6) and the fourth airflow outlet (7); a laser head (30), the laser head (30) is located inside the housing (10), and the outlet of the laser head (30) is sealed and connected to the laser outlet (3); A diverter box (40), wherein the diverter box (40) has an inlet No. 1 (8), an outlet No. 1 (9), an outlet No. 2 (100), an outlet No. 3 (11) and an outlet No. 4 (12); the outlet No. 1 (9) is sealedly connected to the inlet of the nozzle (20) connected to the air flow outlet No. 1 (4) via a pipeline No. 1; the outlet No. 2 (100) is sealedly connected to the inlet of the nozzle (20) connected to the air flow outlet No. 2 (5) via a pipeline No. 2; the outlet No. 3 (11) is sealedly connected to the inlet of the nozzle (20) connected to the air flow outlet No. 3 (6) via a pipeline No. 3; and the air flow outlet No. 4 (7) is sealedly connected to the inlet of the nozzle (20) connected to the air flow outlet No. 4 (7) via a pipeline No.

4.

2. A viscosity increasing box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The area of ​​the No. 1 entrance (8) is greater than the sum of the areas of the No. 1 exit (9), the No. 2 exit (100), the No. 3 exit (11) and the No. 4 exit (12).

3. A viscosity increasing box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four nozzles (20) have the same structure. The nozzles (20) are contracted, the inlet of the nozzles (20) is circular, the outlet of the nozzles (20) is rectangular, and the area of ​​the circle is larger than the area of ​​the rectangle.

4. A viscosity increasing box according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first airflow outlet (4), the second airflow outlet (5), the third airflow outlet (6), the fourth airflow outlet (7) and the laser outlet (3) all have a straight section (50), and each of the straight sections (50) is connected to the corresponding outlet of the nozzle (20) and the outlet of the laser head (30); The straight section (50) located at the first airflow outlet (4) and the second airflow outlet (5) is radially aligned with the tread of the wheel, and the straight section (50) forms an angle with the tangent of the cylindrical surface (1), and the acute angle of the angle is 50° to 80°; The straight section (50) located at the third airflow outlet (6) and the fourth airflow outlet (7) is radially aligned with the rail, and the straight section (50) forms an angle with the top of the rail, and the acute angle of the angle is 50° to 80°; The cross section of each straight section (50) is rectangular and has the same shape and size as the outlet of the nozzle (20), and its shape and size match those of the nozzle (20); The area ratio of the circle to the rectangle is 10-40:1.

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