Dam crest wave wall for protecting dam

Abstract

The utility model provides a dam crest wave wall of a protection dam, which comprises a wall body, a plurality of mutually parallel wave dividing plates are arranged on the near-water side of the wall body, the wave dividing plates are vertically arranged and are parallel to the extension direction of the protection dam, the wave dividing plates are sequentially arranged from the near-water side to the back-water side along the direction perpendicular to water flow, and the heights of the wave dividing plates are gradually increased. A gap is formed between every two adjacent wave dividing plates so that a water return groove can be formed, water passing holes penetrating front and back are formed in the bottoms of the water return grooves, and all the water return grooves are sequentially communicated with the water surface through the water passing holes. According to the wave wall, when waves beat on the wave wall, the waves sequentially beat on the different wave dividing plates at intervals from bottom to top, so that the impact force of the waves is removed, a unified beating face cannot be formed, the impact force of the waves is eliminated, the excellent energy dissipation effect is achieved, the structural strength of the wave wall cannot be affected, and the wave wall is convenient to use. The service life is longer; and the safety performance is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of water conservancy projects, in particular to a wave - proof wall on the top of a dam for protecting dikes. Background Art

[0002] In the water conservancy industry, it is usually necessary to build protecting dikes on both sides of the water channels under water storage facilities such as reservoirs, so as to avoid the erosion of the soil and rock on both sides of the water channels by the waves generated by the water when the reservoir discharges flood, playing a protective role. However, in rainy seasons, it may be necessary to increase the flood discharge volume, which may lead to larger waves generated by the flood discharge water volume, and these waves may even overtop the dam crest. Therefore, it is also necessary to install wave - proof walls at key positions (the top of the protecting dikes on both sides closer to the flood discharge point of the reservoir) to prevent the waves from overtopping, playing the roles of wave prevention, flood prevention, and water blocking.

[0003] The wave - proof wall is an important structure for ensuring flood control safety in flood control projects such as dikes and dams, and is installed at the edge of the water - facing side of the dike top or dam top. A stable, firm and leak - proof wave - proof wall can appropriately reduce the super - elevation of the dam and save the project quantity of dam construction. Most of the existing wave - proof walls adopt a vertical wall structure. This structure collides head - on with the waves, often splashing very high waves and water mist. Under the action of the wind, the waves and water mist will still cross over the wall top, bringing adverse effects to the environment behind the dam. When encountering bad weather such as typhoons and floods, the wave - proof wall often needs to bear a large wave pressure, seriously affecting the stability of the wall body. Therefore, a wave - proof wall structure that can dissipate the energy of the waves and reduce its impact force is needed.

[0004] The Chinese utility model patent with the publication number of CN111501663A discloses an energy - dissipating wave - proof wall structure, including a wave - proof wall body, an internal energy - dissipating box of the wave - proof wall, a wall body convex block and a groove for connecting adjacent wave - proof walls, and a through - hole for connecting the foundation insertion bars. When the surging water body enters the internal energy - dissipating box, through the mutual collision between water bodies and the collision between the water body and the wall structure, the energy - dissipating effect of the wave - proof wall is enhanced. The energy - dissipating structure eliminates the energy of the water flow, avoids the damage to the wall body caused by the too - high flow velocity of the water flow, and prolongs the service life of the structure. However, this patent only discharges water into the inner cavity through the energy - dissipating openings arranged on the water - facing side. If the aperture of the energy - dissipating opening is small, then in fact, most of the waves will still impact on the wall body of the wave - proof wall, and only a small part will enter the energy - dissipating opening, making it difficult to achieve sufficient energy - dissipating effect. If the aperture of the energy - dissipating opening is large, it will greatly affect the structural strength of the wall body, making it easy to be damaged when facing large waves. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve a balance between the energy - dissipating effect and its own strength, and a more reasonable wave - proof wall structure is needed. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] In view of the deficiencies existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a wave - proof wall on the top of a dike, which solves the problems in the prior art that when waves collide, very high spray and water mist will be splashed, crossing over the top of the wall and bringing adverse effects to the environment behind the dike, and the relatively large wave pressure affects the stability of the wall body.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the utility model, a wave - proof wall on the top of a dike includes a wall body. The water - facing side of the wall body is a structure that slopes from bottom to top towards the water - back side. A number of mutually parallel wave - dividing plates are arranged on the water - facing side of the wall body. The wave - dividing plates are vertically arranged and parallel to the extending direction of the dike. The wave - dividing plates are arranged in sequence from the water - facing side towards the water - back side along the direction perpendicular to the water flow and their heights gradually increase. Intervals are provided between adjacent wave - dividing plates to form water - return grooves. Water - passing holes penetrating through from front to back are opened at the bottom of the water - return grooves. Among them, the water - passing holes at the bottom of the wave - dividing plate closest to the water surface penetrate through the bottom of the wall body and are connected to the water surface, so that the water - passing holes connect all the water - return grooves to the water surface in sequence.

[0007] Further, the area on the water - facing side of the wall body where the wave - dividing plates are installed is a downward - concave arc - surface structure.

[0008] Further, a top baffle is also arranged at a position on the top of the wall body higher than the highest wave - dividing plate.

[0009] Further, the top baffle is arc - bent from bottom to top towards the water - facing side, so that the overall water - facing side of the wall body forms a bent structure greater than 90°.

[0010] Further, a number of backing plates are also arranged on the water - back side of the wave - dividing plates. The backing plates are correspondingly arranged between adjacent water - passing holes, and the middle part of the backing plate protrudes towards the water - back side.

[0011] Further, the thickness of the backing plate gradually increases from top to bottom, so as to form a supporting structure closely attached to the wave - dividing plate in the direction perpendicular to the water flow.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] In the utility model, mutually parallel wave - dividing plates are arranged on the water - facing side of the wall body. The wave - dividing plates are arranged in sequence from the water - facing side towards the water - back side along the direction perpendicular to the water flow and their heights gradually increase. Therefore, when waves beat on the wave - proof wall, they are successively and intermittently beaten on different wave - dividing plates from bottom to top, thereby dispersing the impact force of the waves, making it impossible to form a unified beating surface, and then eliminating the impact force of the waves. Then, the energy - dissipated water returns to the river through the water - return grooves and water - passing holes, without generating water accumulation. Compared with the traditional energy - dissipation structure, it has a better energy - dissipation effect, does not affect the structural strength of the wave - proof wall itself, and has a longer service life and safety performance. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 It is a side sectional structure diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the wave-splitting plate in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0016] Figure 3 It is a top view schematic diagram of the wave-splitting plate in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0017] In the above-mentioned drawings: 1. Wall; 2. Wave-splitting plate; 3. Water return groove; 4. Water passing hole; 5. Top baffle; 6. Padding plate. Specific implementation manners

[0018] The technical solutions in the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0019] As Figure 1 shown, an embodiment of the present utility model provides a wave breakwall on the top of a dike for protecting the dike. The wave breakwall is made of concrete and is arranged on the edge of the top of the dike close to the water surface, and its bottom is tightly and fixedly connected to the top surface of the dike.

[0020] As Figure 2 shown, in this embodiment, the wave breakwall includes a wall body 1. The water-facing side of the wall body 1 is a structure that slopes from bottom to top towards the water-back side. A number of mutually parallel wave-splitting plates 2 are arranged on the water-facing side of the wall body 1. In this embodiment, three wave-splitting plates 2 are arranged, all of which are located in the middle of the wave breakwall, and a part is left vacant at the position closest to the water surface at the bottom of the wave breakwall. The wave-splitting plates 2 are vertically arranged and parallel to the extension direction of the dike for protecting the dike. The wave-splitting plates 2 are arranged in sequence from the water-facing side towards the water-back side along the direction perpendicular to the water flow and their heights gradually increase. Intervals are provided between adjacent wave-splitting plates 2 to form a water return groove 3. A water passing hole 4 that penetrates from front to back is opened at the bottom of the water return groove 3. The water passing hole 4 at the bottom of the wave-splitting plate 2 closest to the water surface penetrates through the bottom of the wall body 1 and is connected to the water surface, so that the water passing hole 4 connects all the water return grooves 3 to the water surface in sequence. When the waves hit the wave breakwall, they hit different wave-splitting plates 2 at intervals from bottom to top in sequence, thereby dispersing the impact force of the waves and preventing them from forming a unified impact surface, and then eliminating the impact force of the waves. Then, the water after energy dissipation flows back into the river through the water return groove 3 and the water passing hole 4.

[0021] Preferably, in this embodiment, the area on the water-facing side of the wall 1 where the wave-splitting plate 2 is installed is an arc-shaped structure that is concave downward, so that when the water flow falls into the water return groove 3, the arc surface can further dissipate its energy and reduce the impact caused by its falling. Further, a top baffle 5 is also provided at a position where the top of the wall is higher than the highest wave-splitting plate 2. The top baffle 5 is arcuately bent upward toward the water-facing side from bottom to top, so that the overall water-facing side of the wall 1 forms a bent structure greater than 90°. After the wave passes through the wave-splitting plate 2, a part of the waves at the top may still be blocked and float upward. Therefore, the top baffle 5 blocks it, and the water flow is returned to the river by using the arc-shaped structure bent toward the water-facing side and will not cross the top baffle 5.

[0022] As Figure 3 shown, in a further solution, a plurality of backing plates 6 are also provided on the water-back side of the wave-splitting plate 2. The backing plates 6 are correspondingly arranged between adjacent water-passing holes 4, and the middle of the backing plate 6 protrudes toward the water-back side. An inclined funnel-shaped structure facing the water-passing holes 4 is formed between the water-passing holes 4 on the water-back surface of the wave-splitting plate 2 by the backing plates 6, so that the water in the water return groove 3 can more easily flow out through the water-passing holes 4 without accumulating. The thickness of the backing plate 6 gradually increases from top to bottom, forming a supporting structure that closely adheres to the wave-splitting plate 2 in the direction perpendicular to the water flow, further improving the structural strength of the wave-splitting plate 2 so that it is not easily damaged when resisting wave impact.

[0023] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wave-breaking wall on the crest of a dam, characterized in that: It comprises a wall body, wherein the water side of the wall body is a structure inclined from bottom to top toward the backwater side, and a plurality of mutually parallel wave splitters are arranged on the water side of the wall body, wherein the wave splitters are arranged vertically and parallel to the extension direction of the embankment dam, and the wave splitters are arranged in sequence from the water side toward the backwater side in a direction perpendicular to the water flow and the heights gradually increase, and intervals are arranged between adjacent wave splitters to form a return water groove, and water holes penetrating front and back are opened at the bottom of the return water groove, wherein the water hole at the bottom of the wave splitter body closest to the water surface penetrates the bottom of the wall to connect to the water surface, so that the water holes connect all the return water grooves with the water surface in sequence.

2. A wave-breaking wall on the crest of a dam as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The area on the water-facing side of the wall where the wave splitter is installed is a downwardly concave curved surface structure.

3. A wave-breaking wall on the crest of a dam as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A top baffle is also provided at a position on the top of the wall body that is higher than the highest wave splitter plate.

4. A wave-breaking wall on the crest of a dam as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The top baffle is bent in an arc shape from bottom to top toward the water side, so that the water side of the wall body forms a bending structure with an angle greater than 90 degrees as a whole.

5. A wave-breaking wall on the crest of a dam as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of pads are also arranged on the backwater side of the wave splitter, and the pads are correspondingly arranged between adjacent water-passing holes, and the middle part of the pads protrudes toward the backwater side.

6. A wave-breaking wall on the crest of a dam as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the pad gradually increases from top to bottom, so that it forms a supporting structure that is closely attached to the wave splitter in a direction perpendicular to the water flow.

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