Combustion system of engine and engine
By introducing a preheating structure into the engine combustion system, and using the heating section to heat and atomize methanol fuel in the combustion chamber, the problem of difficulty in cold start of methanol engines is solved and better cold start performance is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421902847.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-07
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, it is difficult to start cold when using methanol as fuel, mainly due to the high latent heat of gasification of methanol fuel, which leads to difficulty in starting in a low-temperature environment.
A combustion system for an engine is designed, including a combustion chamber, fuel injection device, preheating structure and spark plugs. The preheating structure includes a heating section located at least in part in the combustion chamber for atomizing fuel from the fuel injector and heating the space within the combustion chamber.
Through heating of the preheating structure, methanol can be rapidly vaporized, the heat required for the high latent heat of methanol gasification can be compensated, and the temperature of the combustion chamber can be increased, which is conducive to the cold start of the engine.
Smart Images
Figure CN223018758U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of engines, and particularly to a combustion system of an engine and an engine. Background Art
[0002] Methanol, as an industrial by-product, is an economical and practical renewable energy source. However, due to the high latent heat of vaporization of methanol fuel, it is difficult for methanol engines to start in low-temperature environments. Because when a methanol engine starts cold in a low-temperature environment, the atomization of methanol fuel needs to absorb more heat from the outside, which will cause the temperature in the cylinder to drop too fast and make starting difficult.
[0003] Therefore, how to solve the problem of difficult cold start of engines using methanol as fuel in the prior art is particularly important. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] In view of this, the present application provides a combustion system of an engine and an engine to solve the problem of difficult cold start of engines using methanol as fuel in the prior art.
[0005] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
[0006] A combustion system of an engine, comprising:
[0007] A combustion chamber;
[0008] A fuel injector for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber;
[0009] A preheating structure including a heating section, and at least part of the heating section is located in the combustion chamber to atomize the fuel from the fuel injector and heat the space in the combustion chamber;
[0010] A spark plug for igniting the mixed gas in the combustion chamber.
[0011] Optionally, the spark plug, the fuel injector and the preheating structure are all installed and connected to the cylinder head.
[0012] Optionally, the preheating structure further includes a threaded section and a screwing part, the threaded section and the heating section are distributed along a first direction and both extend along the first direction, and the screwing part is used to bear torque and rotate the preheating structure;
[0013] The threaded section is threadedly connected to the cylinder head.
[0014] Optionally, the preheating structure further includes a wiring section, the wiring section is used to electrically connect the heating section to an external circuit, and the wiring section, the screwing part, the threaded section and the heating section are distributed in sequence along the first direction.
[0015] Optionally, the heating section extends into the combustion chamber by 3 mm - 6 mm.
[0016] Optionally, both the preheating structure and the coolant temperature sensor for detecting the engine coolant temperature are communicatively connected to the engine control unit;
[0017] When the engine coolant temperature is lower than 80 °C, the engine control unit controls the preheating structure to be energized and generate heat. When the engine coolant temperature reaches or is higher than 80 °C, the engine control unit controls the preheating structure to be de-energized.
[0018] Optionally, both the engine intake passage and the engine exhaust passage communicating with the combustion chamber are mounted and connected to the cylinder head;
[0019] Between the engine intake passage and the engine exhaust passage is the top region, and on the side of the engine intake passage away from the engine exhaust passage is the side region, where:
[0020] The fuel injector is located in the side region, and the preheating structure is located in the top region;
[0021] Or, the fuel injector is located in the top region, and the preheating structure is located in the side region.
[0022] Optionally, when the preheating structure is located in the top region, the angle between the axis of the preheating structure and the bottom surface of the cylinder head is 75° - 85°.
[0023] Optionally, when the preheating structure is located in the side region, the angle between the axis of the preheating structure and the bottom surface of the cylinder head is 15° - 20°.
[0024] An engine includes the combustion system of the engine in any one of the above.
[0025] The combustion system of the engine provided by the present application includes a combustion chamber, a fuel injector, a preheating structure, and a spark plug. The fuel injector is used to inject fuel into the combustion chamber. The preheating structure includes a heating section, and at least part of the heating section is located in the combustion chamber to atomize the fuel from the fuel injector and heat the space in the combustion chamber. The spark plug is used to ignite the mixed gas in the combustion chamber. With such an arrangement, the fuel injector injects methanol into the combustion chamber, the heating section of the preheating structure generates heat in the combustion chamber, and then the spark plug fires to ignite the mixed gas in the combustion chamber. In this way, on the one hand, the preheating structure can quickly vaporize methanol and compensate for the heat required for the high latent heat of vaporization of methanol; on the other hand, the preheating structure can increase the temperature of the combustion chamber, which is beneficial to the cold start of the engine. The combustion system of the engine provided by the present application has a simple structure, low cost, and strong practicability, and solves the problem of difficult cold start of the engine when using methanol as fuel in the prior art. Description of the Drawings
[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on the provided drawings.
[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the combustion system of an engine when the preheating structure is arranged at the top.
[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the combustion system of an engine when the preheating structure is arranged on the side.
[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the preheating structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
[0030] In Figures 1 - 3 :
[0031] 1. Preheating structure; 2. Combustion chamber; 3. Fuel injector; 4. Spark plug; 5. Engine intake duct; 6. Engine exhaust duct;
[0032] 101. Heating section; 102. Wiring section; 103. Threaded section; 104. Screwing part. Detailed implementation manners
[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.
[0034] As Figures 1 - 3 shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a combustion system of an engine, including a combustion chamber 2, a fuel injector 3, a preheating structure 1, and a spark plug 4; the combustion chamber 2 is the engine combustion chamber 2; the fuel injector 3 is used to inject fuel into the combustion chamber 2; the preheating structure 1 includes a heating section 101, the heating section 101 is energized to generate heat, and at least part of the heating section 101 is located in the combustion chamber 2, that is, part or all of the heating section 101 is located in the combustion chamber 2 to atomize the fuel from the fuel injector 3 and heat the space in the combustion chamber 2; the spark plug 4 is used to ignite the mixed gas in the combustion chamber 2.
[0035] With such a setting, the fuel injector 3 injects methanol into the combustion chamber 2. The heating section 101 of the preheating structure 1 generates heat in the combustion chamber 2, and then the spark plug 4 fires to ignite the mixed gas in the combustion chamber 2. In this way, on the one hand, the preheating structure 1 can quickly vaporize methanol and compensate for the heat required for the high latent heat of vaporization of methanol; on the other hand, the preheating structure 1 can increase the temperature of the combustion chamber 2, which is beneficial to the cold start of the engine. The combustion system structure of the engine provided by this application is simple, low-cost, and highly practical, solving the problem of difficult cold start of the engine when using methanol as fuel in the prior art.
[0036] It should be noted that in the combustion system of the engine provided by this application, the temperature of the heating section 101 of the preheating structure 1 can reach 1000°C - 1500°C within 4 seconds, meeting the conditions for atomizing methanol and heating the space of the combustion chamber 2.
[0037] Moreover, the combustion system structure of the engine provided by this application is simple and easy to arrange, and can be quickly developed into a dedicated methanol engine on the basis of existing gasoline engine products, reducing the product development cost.
[0038] Specifically, generally speaking, the combustion chamber 2 is located inside the cylinder head, and the spark plug 4, the fuel injector 3, and the preheating structure 1 are all installed and connected to the cylinder head.
[0039] In a specific embodiment, the preheating structure 1 further includes a threaded section 103 and a screwing part 104. The threaded section 103 and the heating section 101 are distributed along the first direction and both extend along the first direction. The screwing part 104 is fixedly connected to the threaded section 103. The screwing part 104 is used to bear torque and make the whole preheating structure 1 rotate, that is, by screwing the screwing part 104 to drive the whole preheating structure 1 to rotate around the axis; the threaded section 103 is threadedly connected to the cylinder head. The screwing part 104 can be specifically a hexagonal prism shape, also called a tightening hexagon, which is convenient for adapting to existing assembly tools or assembly jigs.
[0040] With such a setting, the cylinder head only needs to be provided with a threaded hole. During assembly, the whole preheating structure 1 is driven to rotate by the screwing part 104, realizing a firm installation connection between the preheating structure 1 and the cylinder head, and the assembly feasibility is high.
[0041] Furthermore, the preheating structure 1 further includes a wiring section 102. The wiring section 102 is used to electrically connect the heating section 101 to the external circuit, that is, the wiring section 102 provides the wiring position between the preheating structure 1 and the external circuit. The wiring section 102, the screwing part 104, the threaded section 103, and the heating section 101 are distributed in sequence along the first direction. That is, the preheating structure 1 can be a plug-like structure, or a rod-like structure. The first direction is the axial direction of the preheating structure 1, and the preheating structure 1 passes through the cylinder head and extends into the combustion chamber 2.
[0042] Of course, it is also feasible that the designed wiring section 102 is bent relative to the screwing part 104, the threaded section 103 and the heating section 101, that is, the wiring section 102 is not extended along the first direction but is bent in a changed direction, so that the overall preheating structure 1 is in an L shape, which also provides an alternative solution when designing the combustion system of the engine based on different engine structures.
[0043] In some more specific embodiments, the heating section 101 can be set to extend into the combustion chamber 2 by 3 mm - 6 mm. Through experiments and verification, with such a design, when methanol is used as fuel, while meeting the cold start conditions, the basic functions of the combustion chamber 2 are ensured not to be affected.
[0044] Regarding how to control the start and stop of the preheating structure 1, in a more specific embodiment, the preheating structure 1 and the liquid temperature sensor for detecting the engine coolant temperature are both communicatively connected to the engine control unit, and the engine control unit is also called the ECU; when the engine control unit receives the signal from the liquid temperature sensor and the engine coolant temperature is lower than 80 °C, the engine control unit controls the preheating structure 1 to be powered on and heated, and when the engine coolant temperature reaches or is higher than 80 °C, the engine control unit controls the preheating structure 1 to be powered off. In this way, the preheating structure 1 only needs to work under the cold start condition of the engine, and the control logic is relatively simple, which can also ensure the stable operation of the engine.
[0045] It should be mentioned that in the common solutions to solve the difficult cold start of methanol engines in the prior art, an auxiliary fuel system is generally adopted, adding a small fuel tank and a set of fuel injection system, which are specifically used for the cold start condition of the engine. After the engine is successfully started, the methanol fuel is replaced to maintain the normal operation of the engine. However, the control logic of the auxiliary fuel system is complex, and the manufacturing cost and maintenance cost are high. Compared with the solutions in the prior art, the combustion system of the engine provided in this application has a simple control logic, low manufacturing cost and low maintenance cost.
[0046] Regarding the layout design of the positional relationship between the preheating structure 1 and other structures of the engine during the implementation process, according to the different layout positions of the fuel injector 3, the preheating structure 1 can be adaptively adjusted according to the structural requirements of the cylinder head. In some more specific embodiments, the engine intake passage 5 and the engine exhaust passage 6 communicating with the combustion chamber 2 are both installed and connected to the cylinder head; between the engine intake passage 5 and the engine exhaust passage 6 is the top region, and on the side of the engine intake passage 5 far from the engine exhaust passage 6 is the side region, where:
[0047] The fuel injector 3 is located in the side region, and the preheating structure 1 is located in the top region;
[0048] Or, the fuel injector 3 is located in the top region, and the preheating structure 1 is located in the side region.
[0049] With such a setting, according to the cylinder head structure design of engines of different models, the preheating structure 1 can be flexibly selected for overhead arrangement or side arrangement. Through experiments and verification, when implemented in the above manner, compatibility design can be completed in the design of various gasoline engines, with high feasibility, and further improve the operability of quickly developing existing gasoline engine products into methanol dedicated engines on this basis.
[0050] In an alternative embodiment, when the preheating structure 1 is located in the top region, the angle α between the axis of the preheating structure 1 and the bottom surface of the cylinder head is 75° - 85°, including the two end values. Please refer to Figure 1 as shown. Through experiments and verification, when the preheating structure 1 is arranged within the above angle range, it can effectively avoid other structures in the engine, and there will be no problem of interference between the preheating structure 1 and other structures, meeting the layout requirements.
[0051] In another alternative embodiment, when the preheating structure 1 is located in the side region, the angle β between the axis of the preheating structure 1 and the bottom surface of the cylinder head is 15° - 20°, including the two end values. Please refer to Figure 2 as shown. Through experiments and verification, when the preheating structure 1 is arranged within the above angle range, it can effectively avoid other structures in the engine, and there will be no problem of interference between the preheating structure 1 and other structures, meeting the layout requirements.
[0052] Based on the above combustion system of the engine, the embodiment of the present application further provides an engine, which includes the above combustion system of the engine, and the engine is a methanol engine. Since the engine has the above combustion system of the engine, the beneficial effects brought by the combustion system of the engine can be seen in the above content and will not be elaborated here.
[0053] The basic principle of the present application has been described above in combination with specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, benefits, effects, etc. mentioned in the present application are only examples and not limitations. It cannot be considered that these advantages, benefits, effects, etc. are essential for each embodiment of the present application. In addition, the above disclosed specific details are only for the purpose of illustration and easy understanding, rather than limitations. The above details do not limit the present application to necessarily adopt the above specific details to be implemented.
[0054] The block diagrams of the devices, apparatuses, equipment, and systems involved in the present application are only illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, and configured in the manner shown in the block diagrams. As those skilled in the art will recognize, these devices, apparatuses, equipment, and systems can be connected, arranged, and configured in any manner. Words such as "comprising", "including", "having", etc. are open-ended terms, meaning "including but not limited to", and can be used interchangeably with each other. The words "or" and "and" used herein refer to the phrase "and / or" and can be used interchangeably with it, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The word "such as" used herein refers to the phrase "such as but not limited to" and can be used interchangeably with it.
[0055] It should also be noted that in the devices, equipment, and methods of the present application, each component or each step can be decomposed and / or recombined. These decompositions and / or recombinations should be regarded as equivalent solutions of the present application.
[0056] The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but rather to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
[0057] It should be understood that the qualifiers "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth", and "sixth" used in the description of the embodiments of the present application are only for more clearly elaborating the technical solutions and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present application.
[0058] The above description has been given for purposes of illustration and description. In addition, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application to the forms disclosed herein. Although multiple example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, changes, additions, and sub-combinations thereof.
Claims
1. A combustion system of an engine, characterized in that: include: Combustion chamber (2); A fuel injector (3) for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber (2); A preheating structure (1) comprising a heating section (101), wherein the heating section (101) is at least partially located in the combustion chamber (2) to atomize the fuel from the fuel injector (3) and heat the space in the combustion chamber (2); A spark plug (4) is used to ignite the mixed gas in the combustion chamber (2).
2. The combustion system of the engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spark plug (4), the fuel injector (3) and the preheating structure (1) are all installed and connected to the cylinder head.
3. The combustion system of the engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preheating structure (1) further comprises a threaded section (103) and a screwing portion (104), wherein the threaded section (103) and the heating section (101) are distributed along a first direction and both extend along the first direction, and the screwing portion (104) is used to bear torque and enable the preheating structure (1) to rotate; The threaded section (103) is threadedly connected to the cylinder head.
4. The combustion system of the engine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preheating structure (1) further comprises a wiring segment (102), wherein the wiring segment (102) is used to electrically connect the heating segment (101) to an external circuit, and the wiring segment (102), the screwing portion (104), the threaded segment (103) and the heating segment (101) are sequentially distributed along the first direction.
5. The combustion system of the engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating section (101) extends into the combustion chamber (2) by 3 mm to 6 mm.
6. The combustion system of the engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preheating structure (1) and a liquid temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the engine coolant are both communicatively connected to the engine control unit; When the engine coolant temperature is lower than 80°C, the engine control unit controls the preheating structure (1) to be powered on for heating; when the engine coolant temperature reaches or exceeds 80°C, the engine control unit controls the preheating structure (1) to be powered off.
7. The combustion system of the engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: An engine intake passage (5) and an engine exhaust passage (6) communicated with the combustion chamber (2) are both mounted and connected to the cylinder head; The area between the engine air intake duct (5) and the engine exhaust duct (6) is a top area, and the side of the engine air intake duct (5) away from the engine exhaust duct (6) is a side area, wherein: The fuel injector (3) is located in the side area, and the preheating structure (1) is located in the top area; Alternatively, the fuel injector (3) is located in the top region, and the preheating structure (1) is located in the side region.
8. The combustion system of the engine according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the preheating structure (1) is located in the top area, the angle between the axis of the preheating structure (1) and the bottom surface of the cylinder head is 75°-85°.
9. The combustion system of the engine according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the preheating structure (1) is located in the side area, the angle between the axis of the preheating structure (1) and the bottom surface of the cylinder head is 15°-20°.
10. An engine, characterized in that: A combustion system comprising an engine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.