Brake and vehicle with same
By designing the pressure in the piston cavity in the electronic brakes is less than the external environment pressure and using negative pressure to achieve piston return, the problem of abnormal piston return in the prior art is solved, and the performance of the brake and the endurance of the entire vehicle are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422210930.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-09
AI Technical Summary
The existing electronic brakes have abnormal or insensitive problems during the piston return process, which leads to difficulty in releasing contact between the brake pad and the brake disc, resulting in excessive drag torque and car dragging and other problems.
By designing that the pressure in the piston cavity is smaller than the ambient pressure outside the piston cavity, the piston's return position is achieved by using negative pressure, which improves the piston's return position ability.
It improves the piston's position return ability, reduces driving lag, and improves the vehicle's battery life.
Smart Images
Figure CN223019254U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicles, and more particularly, to a brake and a vehicle having the brake. Background Art
[0002] In the related art, for an electronic brake, during the braking process of a vehicle, the motor rotates forward to push a piston along a piston cavity through a transmission mechanism. The piston pushes a brake pad, and then the brake pad contacts a brake disc to achieve frictional braking. When the braking is released, the motor rotates reversely to pull the piston back through the transmission mechanism. At the same time, the brake pad releases the contact with the brake disc under the tangential force in the rotation direction of the brake disc, thereby achieving the release of braking. The return of the piston depends on the motor to drive, which easily leads to abnormal or insensitive return of the piston, resulting in difficulties in the brake pad releasing the contact with the brake disc, and thus problems such as excessive drag torque and vehicle drag braking. Therefore, there is room for improvement. Summary of the Utility Model
[0003] The present application aims to at least partially solve one of the above technical problems in the prior art. For this purpose, the present application provides a brake that can use negative pressure to achieve the return of the piston.
[0004] The present application also provides a vehicle having the above brake.
[0005] The brake according to an embodiment of the present application includes: a brake caliper, a piston, and a driving device. The brake caliper includes a caliper body, and a piston cavity is formed on the caliper body. The piston is movably disposed in the piston cavity to participate in braking or return. The piston has a braking end for abutting against a brake pad, and the braking end can extend out of the piston cavity. The pressure in the piston cavity is less than the ambient pressure outside the piston cavity. The driving device is used to drive the piston close to the brake pad, and the driving device can also be separated from the piston.
[0006] For the brake according to an embodiment of the present application, by designing the pressure in the piston cavity to be less than the ambient pressure outside the piston cavity, when braking is not required, the piston can return under the action of negative pressure, improving the return ability of the piston, which is beneficial to reducing driving drag and enhancing the endurance of the whole vehicle.
[0007] According to some embodiments of the present application, a suction port is provided on the caliper body. One end of the suction port communicates with the piston cavity, and the other end of the suction port communicates with the outside of the piston cavity. A valve is provided in the suction port to change the amount of gas inside the piston cavity.
[0008] According to some embodiments of the present application, the valve is a one-way valve, and the one-way valve allows the gas in the piston cavity to flow out of the piston cavity.
[0009] According to some embodiments of the present application, the number of the suction ports is one.
[0010] According to some embodiments of the present application, the number of the suction ports is plural, and a corresponding valve is provided at each suction port.
[0011] According to some embodiments of the present application, the piston chamber includes a chamber body and a chamber protrusion. The chamber protrusion is connected to the chamber body and protrudes radially outward from the chamber body. The piston is movably disposed in the chamber body, and the suction port is provided on the chamber wall of the chamber protrusion.
[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, a sealing ring is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the piston and the chamber wall of the piston chamber to seal the gap between the piston and the piston chamber.
[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, the piston has an end plate and a cylinder body. The cylinder body is connected to the end plate and extends away from the brake pad. The end plate forms the braking end, and a cavity is formed in the cylinder body. A part of the driving device is located in the cavity.
[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the brake further includes a brake disc, and the brake caliper further includes a brake pad. The brake pad is mounted on the caliper body and can reciprocate in a first direction. When the piston reciprocates in the first direction, it is adapted to approach the brake pad to push the brake pad to brake the brake disc, or move away from the brake pad to separate the brake pad from the brake disc.
[0015] A vehicle according to another embodiment of the present application includes the above-mentioned brake.
[0016] For a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application, by designing the pressure in the piston chamber to be less than the ambient pressure outside the piston chamber, when braking is not required, the piston can return under the action of negative pressure, improving the piston's return ability, which is beneficial to reducing driving drag and enhancing the overall vehicle endurance.
[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the following description, or be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a brake according to an embodiment of the present application.
[0019] Reference Numerals:
[0020] Brake 10, brake caliper 1, caliper body 11, piston chamber 111, chamber body 1111, chamber protrusion 1112, suction port 112, brake pad 12, brake disc mounting space 13, piston 2, end plate 21, cylinder body 22, drive device 3, valve 4, sealing ring 5. Detailed implementation manners
[0021] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, in which the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application.
[0022] In the description of the present application, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
[0023] The following will be combined with Figure 1 Describe in detail the brake 10 according to the embodiment of the present application and the vehicle having the brake 10.
[0024] Refer to Figure 1 As shown, the brake 10 according to the embodiment of the present application may include a brake caliper 1, a piston 2, and a drive device 3.
[0025] Among them, the brake caliper 1 includes a caliper body 11. A piston chamber 111 is formed on the caliper body 11. The piston 2 is movably disposed in the piston chamber 111 to participate in braking or returning. The piston 2 has a braking end for abutting against the brake pad 12. The braking end can extend out of the piston chamber 111. The pressure in the piston chamber 111 is less than the ambient pressure outside the piston chamber 111. The drive device 3 is used to drive the piston 2 close to the brake pad 12, and the drive device 3 can also be separated from the piston 2.
[0026] Refer to Figure 1As shown, the piston chamber 111 extends in the first direction (the F1 - F2 direction), and the piston 2 is arranged inside the piston chamber 111. The piston 2 can reciprocate in the first direction. The F1 end of the piston 2 is the braking end, and the braking end can extend out of the piston chamber 111 to abut against the brake pad 12. The F2 end of the piston 2 extends into the piston chamber 111. The piston 2 can move in the F1 direction under the driving action of the driving device 3 to participate in braking, so that the braking end pushes the brake pad 12 towards the brake disc. When the brake pad 12 contacts the brake disc, it hinders the rotation of the brake disc to achieve the braking of the brake disc. When the brake 10 is used to brake the wheel, the braking of the wheel can also be achieved. When the driving device 3 is separated from the piston 2, the piston 2 can move in the F2 direction under the action of the negative pressure inside the piston chamber 111 to achieve return, so that the piston 2 is separated from the brake pad 12. When the brake disc rotates, the brake pad 12 is separated from the brake disc.
[0027] For the brake 10 according to the embodiment of the present application, by designing the pressure inside the piston chamber 111 to be less than the ambient pressure outside the piston chamber 111, when braking is not required, the piston 2 can return under the action of negative pressure, improving the return ability of the piston 2, which is beneficial to reducing driving drag and enhancing the overall vehicle endurance.
[0028] In some embodiments of the present application, a suction port 112 is provided on the caliper body 11. One end of the suction port 112 communicates with the piston chamber 111, and the other end of the suction port 112 communicates with the outside of the piston chamber 111. A valve 4 is provided in the suction port 112 to change the gas volume inside the piston chamber 111. Specifically, at least a part of the gas inside the piston chamber 111 can be pumped out through the valve 4 so that the pressure inside the piston chamber 111 is less than the ambient pressure outside the piston chamber 111, generating a return assist force for the piston 2. Compared with the related art solution of using a motor to drive the piston 2 to return, the brake 10 of the present application uses negative pressure to achieve the return of the piston 2, which can achieve faster return of the piston 2, smaller caliper drag, and better energy consumption performance of the whole vehicle.
[0029] In some embodiments, the inside of the piston chamber 111 is a vacuum environment. In a vacuum environment, the movement resistance of the components inside the piston chamber 111 is smaller, improving the operating efficiency of the entire mechanism. At the same time, in a vacuum environment, the erosion of foreign matters such as water vapor in the air on the components inside the piston chamber 111 is avoided, protecting the internal components.
[0030] In some embodiments of the present application, the valve 4 is a one-way valve. The one-way valve allows the gas in the piston chamber 111 to flow out of the piston chamber 111, but does not allow the gas outside the piston chamber 111 to flow back into the piston chamber 111. Thus, a negative pressure state can be ensured inside the piston chamber 111, which is beneficial to the return of the piston 2 when braking needs to be released. The setting of the one-way valve facilitates the extraction of gas from the piston chamber 111 to the outside by the outside world, and realizes the return assistance generated by the air pressure difference inside and outside the piston chamber 111.
[0031] Specifically, a one-way valve is assembled at the suction port 112. The one-way valve connects the piston chamber 111 with the outside world. The outside world can evacuate the piston chamber 111 from here. The sealing ring 5 and the one-way valve isolate the piston chamber 111 from the outside world together. When the air pressure in the piston chamber 111 < the atmospheric pressure outside, the pressure difference between the two will form the return assistance for the piston 2. When controlling the air pressure magnitude (also called the degree of vacuum) in the piston chamber 111, the magnitude of the return assistance for the piston 2 can be adjusted. That is, different magnitudes of return assistance can be achieved according to different degrees of vacuum extracted.
[0032] In some embodiments of the present application, the number of suction ports 112 is one, as Figure 1 shown.
[0033] In some embodiments of the present application, the number of suction ports 112 is multiple, and a corresponding valve 4 is provided at each suction port 112. By increasing the number of suction ports 112, the speed of establishing negative pressure in the piston chamber 111 can be accelerated, and the efficiency can be improved.
[0034] In some embodiments of the present application, the piston chamber 111 includes a cavity body 1111 and a cavity protrusion 1112. The cavity protrusion 1112 is connected to the cavity body 1111, and the cavity protrusion 1112 protrudes radially outward along the cavity body 1111. The piston 2 is movably arranged in the cavity body 1111, and the suction port 112 is arranged on the cavity wall of the cavity protrusion 1112. In this way, the installation of the valve 4 in the suction port 112 is relatively easy, and the valve 4 is not easily collided with the piston 2, which is beneficial to improving the service lives of the valve 4 and the piston 2.
[0035] In some embodiments of the present application, a sealing ring 5 is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the piston 2 and the cavity wall of the piston chamber 111 to seal the gap between the piston 2 and the piston chamber 111. In this way, the piston chamber 111 is a cavity with good airtightness. After a negative pressure state is established in the piston chamber 111, the negative pressure state is not easily invalidated. Refer to Figure 1 shown. The sealing ring 5 is arranged at the opening position of the F1 end of the piston chamber 111. Optionally, the sealing ring 5 can be installed on the outer peripheral surface of the piston 2 or on the clamp body 11.
[0036] Optionally, the sealing ring 5 can be a rubber ring or a silica gel ring, etc.
[0037] In some embodiments of the present application, the piston 2 has an end plate 21 and a cylinder body 22. The cylinder body 22 is connected to the end plate 21 and extends away from the brake pad 12. The end plate 21 forms a braking end, and a cavity is formed inside the cylinder body 22. A part of the driving device 3 is located in the cavity. Thus, the internal space of the piston 2 can be fully utilized, and at the same time, problems such as heavy weight and high cost caused by designing the piston 2 as a solid structure can be avoided. As Figure 1 shown, the end plate 21 seals the F1 end of the cylinder body 22, and the F2 end of the cylinder body 22 is open, facilitating the driving device 3 to extend into the cavity. The part of the driving device 3 located in the cavity can push the end plate 21 to move in the direction of the brake pad 12 (i.e., in the F1 direction).
[0038] In some embodiments of the present application, the brake 10 further includes a brake disc, and the brake caliper 1 further includes a brake pad 12. The brake pad 12 is installed on the caliper body 11, and the brake pad 12 can reciprocate in a first direction. When the piston 2 reciprocates in the first direction, it is adapted to approach the brake pad 12 to push the brake pad 12 to brake the brake disc, or move away from the brake pad 12 to separate the brake pad 12 from the brake disc. The caliper body 11 has a brake disc installation space 13, and the brake disc is arranged in the brake disc installation space 13. When it is necessary to brake the brake disc, the piston 2 moves in the F1 direction to push the brake pad 12 closer to the brake disc, so that the brake pad 12 contacts the brake disc and the brake disc stops rotating. When it is not necessary to brake the brake disc, since the pressure in the piston chamber 111 is less than the ambient pressure outside the piston chamber 111, the piston 2 can move in the F2 direction under the action of negative pressure to achieve return. The brake pad 12 releases contact with the brake disc along with the tangential force in the rotation direction of the brake disc, thereby achieving the release of braking.
[0039] In other words, when the piston 2 reciprocates in the first direction, it can approach the brake pad 12 and then can push the brake pad 12 to brake the brake disc, or move away from the brake pad 12 to separate the brake pad 12 from the brake disc. Specifically, when there is a braking requirement, the piston 2 is adapted to approach the brake pad 12 under the driving action of the driving device 3 to push the brake pad 12 to brake the brake disc. From the moment the piston 2 contacts the brake pad 12, the piston 2 and the brake pad 12 move synchronously. When braking is cancelled, the piston 2 moves away from the brake pad 12 under the negative pressure action of the piston chamber 111, and the piston 2 retracts into the piston chamber 111. The brake pad 12 disengages from the brake disc under the high-speed rotation of the brake disc, thereby releasing the braking.
[0040] Optionally, the brake pad 12 may include a friction material layer, a friction base layer, and a backing plate. The backing plate is installed on the caliper body 11, the friction base layer is arranged on the backing plate, and the friction material layer is arranged on the side of the friction base layer close to the brake disc installation space 13. The friction material layer has good wear resistance, and it is convenient to replace the new friction material layer after the friction material layer is worn.
[0041] In some embodiments of the present application, the driving device 3 may include a motor and a transmission mechanism.
[0042] Optionally, the transmission mechanism may be a lead screw-nut mechanism. When braking is required, the motor rotates forward to drive the lead screw to rotate forward, and the rotation of the lead screw drives the nut to move in the F1 direction, thereby pushing the piston 2 closer to the brake pad 12. When braking needs to be released, the motor rotates in the reverse direction to drive the lead screw to rotate in the reverse direction, and the rotation of the lead screw drives the nut to move in the F2 direction. The nut is separated from the piston 2, and the piston 2 moves in the F2 direction under the action of negative pressure to move away from the brake pad 12 to achieve return. A guiding structure may be provided between the nut and the piston 2 to ensure the linear movement of the nut and the piston 2.
[0043] Alternatively, optionally, the transmission mechanism may be a screw-sleeve structure. When braking is required, the motor rotates forward to drive the screw to rotate forward, and the rotation of the screw drives the sleeve to move in the F1 direction, thereby pushing the piston 2 closer to the brake pad 12. When braking needs to be released, the motor rotates in the reverse direction to drive the screw to rotate in the reverse direction, and the rotation of the screw drives the sleeve to move in the F2 direction. The sleeve is separated from the piston 2, and the piston 2 moves in the F2 direction under the action of negative pressure to move away from the brake pad 12 to achieve return. A guiding structure may be provided between the sleeve and the piston 2 to ensure the linear movement of the sleeve and the piston 2.
[0044] A vehicle according to another embodiment of the present application includes the brake 10 of the above embodiment.
[0045] For a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application, by designing the pressure in the piston chamber 111 to be less than the ambient pressure outside the piston chamber 111, when braking is not required, the piston 2 can return under the action of negative pressure, improving the return ability of the piston 2, which is beneficial to reducing driving drag and enhancing the overall vehicle endurance.
[0046] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.
[0047] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "installed", "connected", "linked", "fixed", etc. shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or capable of communicating with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0048] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.
[0049] Although the embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limitations on this application. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.
Claims
1. A brake, characterized in that: include: A brake caliper (1), the brake caliper (1) comprising a caliper body (11), the caliper body (11) being provided with a piston chamber (111); A piston (2), the piston (2) being movably arranged in the piston chamber (111) to participate in braking or returning, the piston (2) having a braking end for abutting against a brake pad (12), the braking end being able to extend out of the piston chamber (111), the pressure in the piston chamber (111) being lower than the ambient pressure outside the piston chamber (111); A driving device (3), wherein the driving device (3) is used to drive the piston (2) to approach the brake pad (12), and the driving device (3) can also be separated from the piston (2).
2. The brake according to claim 1, characterized in that The caliper body (11) is provided with a suction port (112), one end of the suction port (112) is connected to the piston chamber (111), and the other end of the suction port (112) is connected to the outside of the piston chamber (111), and a valve (4) is provided in the suction port (112), and the amount of gas in the piston chamber (111) is changed by the valve (4).
3. The brake according to claim 2, characterized in that The valve (4) is a one-way valve, which allows the gas in the piston chamber (111) to flow out of the piston chamber (111).
4. The brake according to claim 2, characterized in that The number of the suction port (112) is one.
5. The brake according to claim 2, characterized in that There are a plurality of suction ports (112), and each suction port (112) is provided with a corresponding valve (4).
6. The brake according to claim 2, characterized in that The piston chamber (111) comprises a chamber body (1111) and a chamber protrusion (1112); the chamber protrusion (1112) is connected to the chamber body (1111) and protrudes outward in the radial direction of the chamber body (1111); the piston (2) is movably arranged in the chamber body (1111); and the suction port (112) is arranged on the chamber wall of the chamber protrusion (1112).
7. The brake according to claim 1, characterized in that A sealing ring (5) is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the piston (2) and the cavity wall of the piston cavity (111) to seal the gap between the piston (2) and the piston cavity (111).
8. The brake according to claim 1, characterized in that The piston (2) comprises an end plate (21) and a cylinder (22), wherein the cylinder (22) is connected to the end plate (21) and extends to a side away from the brake pad (12), wherein the end plate (21) forms the brake end, and a cavity is formed in the cylinder (22), wherein a part of the drive device (3) is located in the cavity.
9. The brake according to claim 1, characterized in that The brake further comprises a brake disc, and the brake caliper (1) further comprises a brake pad (12), wherein the brake pad (12) is mounted on the caliper body (11) and is capable of reciprocating in a first direction, and when the piston (2) reciprocates in the first direction, it is suitable for approaching the brake pad (12) to push the brake pad (12) to brake the brake disc, or moving away from the brake pad (12) to separate the brake pad (12) from the brake disc.
10. A vehicle, characterized in that: A brake comprising the brake according to any one of claims 1 to 9.