Multi-way valve, valve body assembly, power assembly and electric vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of new energy automobiles, in particular to a multi-way valve, a valve body assembly, a power assembly and an electric vehicle. The multi-way valve comprises a valve body and a valve element. The valve body comprises a containing cavity, the containing cavity comprises three cavities which are adjacently arranged in the first direction, any two adjacent cavities are communicated through a communicating hole, and the radial size of the communicating hole is smaller than that of each cavity in the direction perpendicular to the first direction. The valve element can be contained in the containing cavity in a reciprocating motion mode in the first direction, and the valve element comprises a rod part and end parts connected to the two ends of the rod part in the first direction; in the direction perpendicular to the first direction, the radial size of the rod part is smaller than that of the communicating hole, and the outer circumferential face of the end part is used for being matched with the inner circumferential face of the communicating hole to block the communicating hole; the multi-way valve further comprises four openings, two of the four openings are communicated with two of the openings in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the other one of the four openings is communicated with the two openings at the same time. The multi-way valve is simple and reliable, and liquid path switching can be simply and efficiently achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of new energy vehicles, and particularly to a multi-way valve, a valve body assembly, a powertrain, and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the booming development of new energy vehicles, the importance and complexity of the temperature control system of the powertrain have been gradually increasing, and the liquid cooling pipeline design of the temperature control system has become more complex. In order to use a temperature control system to control the temperature at different positions of the entire powertrain, it is usually necessary to set a multi-way valve in the liquid cooling pipeline of the temperature control system to achieve diversion, confluence, or adjustment of the flow path of the liquid in the liquid pipeline.

[0003] However, the design of the multi-way valve in the prior art is relatively complex, which affects the working efficiency of the powertrain during the process of adjusting the liquid cooling path. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The present application provides a multi-way valve, a valve body assembly, a powertrain, and an electric vehicle. The multi-way valve can simply and conveniently realize the switching of the conduction states of different liquid paths, and when applied to the temperature control system of the powertrain, it can improve the working efficiency of the powertrain.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a multi-way valve, which can be applied to the liquid path adjustment of the temperature control system of the powertrain. The multi-way valve includes a valve body and a valve core. The valve body includes a receiving cavity, and the receiving cavity includes three chambers arranged adjacent to each other along a first direction. Any two adjacent chambers are communicated through a communication hole. Along a direction perpendicular to the first direction, the radial dimension of the communication hole is smaller than the radial dimension of the chamber. The valve core is reciprocally movably received in the receiving cavity along the first direction. The valve core includes a rod portion and end portions connected to both ends of the rod portion along the first direction. Along a direction perpendicular to the first direction, the radial dimension of the rod portion is smaller than the radial dimension of the communication hole, and the outer peripheral surface of the end portion is used to cooperate with the inner peripheral surface of the communication hole to block the communication hole. The multi-way valve further includes four openings, and two of the chambers are respectively communicated with two of the openings in a one-to-one correspondence, and the other chamber is simultaneously communicated with two openings.

[0006] In the above multi-way valve, under the cooperation of a driving component driving the valve core and a reset component providing a reset force for the valve core, the valve core can reciprocally move along the first direction in the receiving cavity of the valve body, so that the end portion of the valve core cooperates with different communication holes in the valve body to conduct at least two of the three chambers, and the four openings are in different communication states, realizing different conduction states of the multi-way valve. The cooperation mode of the valve body and the valve core of the multi-way valve is simple and reliable, and can simply and efficiently realize the switching of the liquid path.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the four openings include three first openings and one second opening. Among them, the three first openings respectively penetrate the inner surface and the outer surface of the valve body perpendicular to the first direction, and the three first openings are in one-to-one communication with the three chambers. The three first openings are arranged at intervals in the first direction, and the second opening and one of the first openings are simultaneously in communication with one chamber. The layout of the three first openings can save space and reduce the volume of the multi-way valve.

[0008] Possibly, the four openings include a second opening that penetrates the inner surface and the outer surface of the valve body perpendicular to the first direction. The four openings are all formed on the valve body, which can be applicable to the scenario of liquid inlet and outlet along the circumferential direction of the valve body, and can simplify the manufacturing process of the multi-way valve.

[0009] Possibly, the four openings include a second opening that penetrates the surface of the valve body where the valve core is exposed and the surface of the valve core located in the accommodating cavity. Specifically, a conduction channel can be formed on the valve core to any chamber of the valve body to form the second opening. This implementation form of the second opening can be applicable to the scenario of liquid inlet and outlet along the axial direction of the valve body.

[0010] In a possible implementation, along the first direction, the three chambers include a first chamber and two second chambers respectively located on both sides of the first chamber, and the distance between the two second chambers is less than the axial dimension of the rod portion of the valve core. When the valve core moves in the valve body, the first chamber can be in communication with at least one of the chambers to ensure the liquid path conduction of the multi-way valve.

[0011] In a possible implementation, along the first direction, the axial dimension of the first chamber is greater than the axial dimension of any one of the second chambers. The first chamber can be used as the liquid inlet chamber to ensure smooth liquid path conduction.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the accommodating cavity further includes two communication cavities. Along the first direction, one end of each second chamber away from the communication hole is in communication with a communication cavity. Along the direction perpendicular to the first direction, the radial dimension of the communication hole is equal to the radial dimension of the communication cavity, and the outer peripheral surface of each end is matched with the inner peripheral surface of at least one of a communication hole and a communication cavity, which can radially limit the end of the valve core to ensure the stability of the movement of the valve core.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the two ends of the valve core respectively at least partially extend into the two second chambers; among a set of mutually cooperating second chambers, communication cavities and ends, along the first direction, the axial dimension of the end is less than the axial dimension of the second chamber and the axial dimension of the communication cavity, and the axial dimension of the end is greater than the sum of the axial dimensions of the second chamber and the communication cavity, so that the valve core can have sufficient axial movement space in the accommodating cavity to realize the conduction of different liquid paths.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the axial dimension of each opening is less than or equal to the axial dimension of the chamber connected to the opening, and the liquid flow rate through the opening will not cause an impact on the structure of the valve body.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present application provides a valve body assembly, which includes a housing and any one of the multi-way valves provided in the first aspect above. The multi-way valve is accommodated in the housing. The housing includes a plurality of partitions, and each partition is used to cooperate with the outer wall of the valve body to divide the internal space of the housing into a plurality of liquid chambers. The plurality of openings of the multi-way valve are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of liquid chambers and are connected. The housing includes a plurality of liquid channels, and each liquid channel is used to connect one liquid chamber. This valve body assembly can achieve the integration of the multi-way valve to facilitate assembly.

[0016] In a third aspect, the present application provides a powertrain, which includes a motor and a temperature management system. The motor includes a stator and a rotor. The temperature management system includes an oil pan, a heat exchanger module, a first heat dissipation channel, a second heat dissipation channel, a control valve assembly, and a bypass pipeline. The control valve assembly is any one of the multi-way valves provided in the first aspect or the valve body assembly provided in the second aspect. The oil pan is connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger module to supply cooling oil to the heat exchanger module, and the heat exchanger module is used to exchange heat for the cooling oil. The bypass pipeline is used to be connected in parallel with the heat exchanger module. The first heat dissipation channel and the second heat dissipation channel are connected in parallel between the outlet of the heat exchanger module and the oil pan. The first heat dissipation channel is used to dissipate heat from the stator, and the second heat dissipation channel is used to dissipate heat from the rotor. The control valve assembly is used to adjust the flow distribution of the cooling oil in the first heat dissipation channel and the bypass pipeline. The multi-way valve is simple and reliable, and the powertrain can simply and efficiently achieve the switching of the temperature management method, thereby improving the operating efficiency of the powertrain.

[0017] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides an electric vehicle, which includes wheels and the powertrain provided in the third aspect above. The power output end of the powertrain is drivingly connected to the wheels to drive the vehicle to move. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the temperature control system architecture of a powertrain provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3a It is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-way valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3b It is an exploded view of a multi-way valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3cPartial structural sectional view of a multi-way valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4a Schematic structural diagram of the valve body of a multi-way valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4b Schematic sectional structural diagram of the valve body of a multi-way valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 5a Schematic structural diagram of the valve core of a multi-way valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5b Schematic sectional structural diagram of the valve core of a multi-way valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 6a Schematic sectional structural diagram of the cooperation between the valve body and the valve core of a multi-way valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6b Schematic sectional structural diagram of the cooperation between the valve body and the valve core of a multi-way valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7a Schematic diagram of the principle of the cooperation and movement between the valve body and the valve core of a multi-way valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 7b Schematic diagram of the principle of the cooperation and movement between the valve body and the valve core of a multi-way valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7c Schematic diagram of the principle of the cooperation and movement between the valve body and the valve core of a multi-way valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 8 Partial structural sectional view of a multi-way valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 9 Partial structural sectional view of a multi-way valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 10a Schematic diagram of the principle of the cooperation and movement between the valve body and the valve core of a multi-way valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 10b Schematic diagram of the principle of the cooperation and movement between the valve body and the valve core of a multi-way valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 10c Schematic diagram of the principle of the cooperation and movement between the valve body and the valve core of a multi-way valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 11a Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a spool of a multi-way valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 11b Partial structure sectional view of a multi-way valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 12 Schematic structure diagram of a valve body assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the temperature control system architecture of a powertrain provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 14a Schematic diagram of the heat dissipation principle of a powertrain under a first working condition provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 14b Schematic diagram of the heat dissipation principle of a powertrain under a second working condition provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Reference numerals:

[0044] 100 - multi-way valve; 101 - valve body; 1011 - annular groove; 1012 - through hole; 1013 - mounting hole; 102 - spool; 1021 - rod part; 1022, 1022a, 1022b - end parts; 1023 - receiving groove; 1024 - guide through hole; 10241 - main hole passage; 10242 - branch hole passage; 103 - driving assembly; 1031 - power output end; 104 - reset assembly; 1041 - fixing seat; 1042 - fixing circlip; 1043 - spring; 105 - sealing ring; 200 - housing; 201 - outer shell; 202 - partition board;

[0045] 10 - powertrain; 20 - transmission mechanism; 30 - wheel;

[0046] 1 - oil pan; 2 - heat exchanger; 21 - first heat exchange channel; 22 - second heat exchange channel; 3 - motor controller; 4 - motor; 41 - stator; 42 - rotor; 5 - oil pump; 6 - control valve assembly. Detailed implementation manners

[0047] In the field of new energy vehicles, the layout of the powertrain tends to be in an integrated form of three - in - one or multi - in - one. Specifically, the motor controller, the motor, and the reducer are integrated together to facilitate miniaturization and integration, and also improve efficiency. The temperature control system of the powertrain includes an oil circuit for controlling the temperature of the motor and the reducer and a water circuit for controlling the temperature of the motor controller. The temperature control of the powertrain generally adjusts the cooling working medium in the oil circuit through a multi - way valve to achieve flow splitting, flow merging, and flow rate adjustment.

[0048] Based on this, the embodiments of the present application provide a multi-way valve, a valve body assembly, a powertrain, and an electric vehicle. The multi-way control valve assembly is simple and convenient to operate, and can improve the efficiency of the powertrain when applied to the temperature control system of the powertrain.

[0049] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] The terms used in the following embodiments are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. As used in the specification and appended claims of the present application, the singular forms "a", "an", "the", "above-mentioned", "said", and "this" are also intended to include forms such as "one or more", unless clearly indicated to the contrary in the context.

[0051] Reference to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" etc. described in this specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, statements such as "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in other some embodiments", "in still other embodiments" etc. that appear in different places in this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways. The terms "comprising", "including", "having", and their variants all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways.

[0052] Figure 1 An electric vehicle in the field of new energy is shown. The electric vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. Referring to Figure 1 , the vehicle provided by the embodiments of the present application includes a powertrain 10, a transmission mechanism 20, and wheels 30. The powertrain 10 drives the wheels 30 through the transmission mechanism 20. Among them, the powertrain 10 is used to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, and the transmission mechanism 20 is used to transmit and connect the powertrain 10 and the wheels 30 to drive the wheels 30 to rotate to realize the movement of the vehicle.

[0053] Figure 2 The basic architecture of the temperature control system of the powertrain 10 is shown. As Figure 2As shown, the powertrain 10 has an all-in-one structure, including an oil pan 1, a heat exchanger 2, a motor controller 3, a motor 4, and an oil pump 5. The motor controller 3 can also be abbreviated as the electronic control. Specifically, the motor controller 3 may include one or a combination of a microcontroller unit (MCU), an on-board charger (OBC), a DC-to-DC converter (DCDC), a power distribution unit (PDU), a vehicular communication unit (VCU), a battery management system (BMS), and a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heater.

[0054] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 As shown, the temperature control system of the powertrain 10 includes a first circuit L1 and a second circuit L2. The first circuit L1 and the second circuit L2 exchange heat through the heat exchanger 2. The first circuit L1 is used to circulate a first cooling medium, which is generally lubricating oil or cooling oil. The second circuit L2 is used to circulate a second cooling medium, which is generally a liquid such as water. The heat exchanger 2 includes a first heat exchange channel 21 and a second heat exchange channel 22. The first heat exchange channel 21 is connected to the first circuit L1, and the second heat exchange channel 22 is connected to the second circuit L2. The first cooling medium in the first heat exchange channel 21 and the second cooling medium in the second heat exchange channel 22 can exchange heat in the heat exchanger 2 to achieve heat exchange between the first circuit L1 and the second circuit L2. Generally, the temperature of the second cooling medium is lower than that of the first cooling medium, and the heat exchange between the first circuit L1 and the second circuit L2 can cool down the first cooling medium. The flow direction of the first cooling medium can be opposite to that of the second cooling medium, which can improve the heat exchange rate. The heat exchanger 2 is generally also called an oil-water heat exchanger. The first circuit L1 is the oil circuit of the powertrain 10, and the second circuit L2 is the water circuit of the powertrain 10.

[0055] Specifically, the first heat exchange channel 21 of the heat exchanger 2 and the oil pan 1 are connected in series to form the above-mentioned first loop L1. The first heat exchange channel 21 can be considered as a part of the first loop L1, or it can be considered that the first heat exchange channel 21 is connected in series to the first loop L1. The oil pump 5 is connected in series between the oil pan 1 and the inlet of the heat exchanger 2. The lubricating oil stored in the oil pan 1 can be pumped into the first heat exchange channel 21 of the heat exchanger 2 through the oil pump 5. The motor 4 is connected in series between the oil pan 1 and the outlet of the heat exchanger 2. The first cooling medium flowing out of the first heat exchange channel 21 of the heat exchanger 2 can flow to the motor 4 to dissipate heat and lubricate the motor, and finally return to the oil pan 1 to enter the next cycle.

[0056] Figure 2 Only the basic architecture of the temperature control system of the powertrain 10 is shown. In an actual scenario, the temperature control system of the powertrain 10 will be deformed based on the basic forms of the first loop L1 and the second loop L2 to form a network for temperature control. The flow direction and flow rate of the first cooling medium in the first loop L1 and the second cooling medium in the second loop L2 of the powertrain 10 can be realized by multi-way valves in different forms for liquid diversion, confluence, and flow rate adjustment, so as to meet the temperature control strategies of the powertrain 10 in different scenarios.

[0057] Figure 3a A multi-way valve 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application can be applied to Figure 2 the temperature control system of the powertrain 10 shown, specifically not limited to the first loop L1 or the second loop L2.

[0058] As Figure 3a shown, the multi-way valve 100 includes a valve body 101, a valve core 102, a driving component 103, and a reset component 104. The valve body 101 includes a receiving cavity Q and four openings K communicating with the receiving cavity Q. The valve core 102 is reciprocally movable along a first direction and is received in the receiving cavity Q. The driving component 103 is fixed to the valve body 101. The driving component 103 can output a force pointing to the valve core 102 along the first direction to drive the valve core 102 to move away from the driving component 103 along the first direction. The reset component 104 is connected between the valve body 101 and the valve core 102. When the valve core 102 is driven by the driving component 103 to move away from the driving component 103, the reset component 104 can provide a reset force for the valve core 102. In Figure 5a the exemplified multi-way valve 100 shown, the valve body 101 is in a sleeve shape similar to a cylinder. The axial direction of the valve body 101 is the first direction, and the four openings K communicate with the receiving cavity Q along the radial direction of the valve body 101. A sealing ring 105 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the valve body 101. When the valve body 101 is applied and installed, the sealing ring 105 can be used to cooperate with an external structure to isolate the driving component 103 from the liquid.

[0059] Figure 3b An exploded view of a multi-way valve 100. As Figure 3b shown, the multi-way valve 100 is exploded along the first direction. The valve body 101 is in the shape of a cylindrical sleeve. The accommodating cavity Q of the valve body 101 is of a rotational body shape. The spatial shape of the accommodating cavity Q can be formed by a planar graph rotating one week around a rotation axis parallel to the first direction, and this rotation axis is collinear with the axis of the valve body 101 along the first direction. The valve core 102 can be accommodated in the accommodating cavity Q of the valve body 101. An annular groove 1011 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of one end of the valve body 101 close to the driving assembly 103, and the sealing ring 105 is used to be embedded in the annular groove 1011. The driving assembly 103 has a power output end 1031, and this power output end 1031 can output a driving force along the first direction. The driving assembly 103 can be an electromagnetic driving structure or a phase change material driving structure. The reset assembly 104 includes a fixed seat 1041, a fixed circlip 1042 and a spring 1043. The fixed seat 1041 can be fixed to the valve body 101 through the fixed circlip 1042. One end of the spring 1043 is fixed to the fixed seat 1041, and the other end of the spring 1043 is used to connect the valve core 102.

[0060] Figure 3c A partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a multi-way valve 100. As Figure 3c shown, the valve core 102 is accommodated in the accommodating cavity Q of the valve body 101, and the driving assembly 103 and the reset assembly 104 are respectively located at both ends of the valve body 101 along the first direction. Along the first direction, the power output end 1031 of the driving assembly 103 extends into the accommodating cavity Q of the valve body 101 and abuts against one end of the valve core 102. The fixed seat 1041 of the reset assembly 104 is fixed to the end of the valve body 101 far from the driving assembly 103 through the fixed circlip 1042, and the spring 1043 extends into the accommodating cavity Q of the valve body 101 and is connected to the other end of the valve core 102. Exemplarily, the spring 1043 can be partially wound around the valve core 102. With the cooperation of the driving assembly 103 driving the valve core 102 and the reset assembly 104 providing a reset force for the valve core 102, the valve core 102 can reciprocate in the accommodating cavity Q of the valve body 101 along the first direction. The cooperation between the valve core 102 and the valve body 101 can enable four openings to be in different communication states, realizing different conduction states of the multi-way valve 100.

[0061] Figure 4a A structural schematic diagram of the valve body 101 of a multi-way valve 100. As Figure 4aAs shown, the four openings K of the valve body 101 are all communicated with the accommodating cavity Q along the radial direction of the valve body 101, and the radial direction of the valve body 101 is perpendicular to the first direction. The four openings K are respectively exemplified as three first openings K1 and one second opening K2. The three first openings K1 are arranged at intervals in sequence along the first direction, which is beneficial to simplifying the structural design of the valve body 101, saving layout space, and thus reducing the volume of the valve body 101. The four openings are all formed on the valve body 101, which can simplify the manufacturing process of the multi-way valve 100. The multi-way valve 100 is applicable to the scenario of liquid inlet and outlet along the circumferential direction of the valve body 101.

[0062] Along the circumferential direction of the valve body 101, the central angles corresponding to each first opening K1 can be equal. Along the radial direction of the valve body 101, the second opening K2 is exemplarily opposite to one of the first openings K1. Along the first direction, one end of the valve body 101 facing the driving assembly 103 has a through hole 1012. The through hole 1012 penetrates the valve body 101 along the first direction and is communicated with the accommodating cavity Q. The power output end 1031 of the driving assembly 103 can pass through the through hole 1012 and extend into the accommodating cavity Q. Along the first direction, the other end of the valve body 101 away from the through hole 1012 has a mounting hole 1013. The mounting hole 1013 penetrates the valve body 101 along the first direction and is communicated with the accommodating cavity Q. The mounting hole 1013 is used for mounting the fixing seat 1041 and the fixing circlip 1042 of the reset assembly 104. The spring 1043 can pass through the mounting hole 1013 and extend into the accommodating cavity Q.

[0063] Figure 4b It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the valve body 101 of the multi-way valve 100. This cross-section extends along the radial direction of the valve body 101 and cuts the valve body 101 through the axis line of the valve body 101. As Figure 4bAs shown, the accommodating cavity Q includes three chambers q1 arranged adjacent to each other in the first direction, and any two adjacent chambers q1 are connected through a communication hole q2. The radial dimension of the communication hole q2 perpendicular to the first direction is smaller than the radial dimension of the chamber q1 perpendicular to the first direction. Here, the chamber q1 and the communication hole q2 are exemplified as cylindrical, and the cross-sections of the chamber q1 and the communication hole q2 perpendicular to the first direction are both circular and their axes are collinear. The radius r11 of the chamber q1 perpendicular to the first direction is greater than the radius r12 of the communication hole q2 perpendicular to the first direction. Of course, the chamber q1 and the communication hole q2 may also be other shapes, and the radial dimensions of the chamber q1 and the communication hole q2 can be considered as the radial dimensions at the same angle perpendicular to the first direction. In some embodiments, at any angle perpendicular to the first direction, the radial dimension of the chamber q1 is greater than the radial dimension of the communication hole q2, such that a stepped shape in a ring form is formed between the chamber q1 and the communication hole q2. Along the radial direction of the valve body 101, the three first openings K1 are respectively and correspondingly connected to the three chambers q1. The second opening K2 is exemplarily connected to the chamber q1 close to the mounting hole 1013, and the axial dimension h12 of the second opening K1 in the first direction may be equal to the axial dimension of the first opening K1 connected to this chamber q1. The axial dimension h11 of the middle chamber q1 is greater than the axial dimension h12 of any one of the chambers q1 on both sides.

[0064] Among them, along the first direction, the axial dimension of each opening K is less than or equal to the axial dimension of the chamber q1 connected to this opening K. Adjusting the size of the opening K can adjust the flow rate passing through this opening K. Exemplarily, along the first direction, the axial dimension of each first opening K1 is equal to the axial dimension h11 of the chamber q1 correspondingly connected to this first opening K1. Among the three first openings K1, the axial dimension h11 of the middle first opening K1 is greater than the axial dimensions h12 of the two first openings K1 on both sides. The axial dimensions h12 of the two first openings K1 on both sides may be equal. The first opening K1 can be used as a liquid inlet to ensure smooth liquid path conduction.

[0065] The accommodation cavity Q further includes two communication cavities, each of which is respectively communicated with two chambers q1 on both sides. The two communication cavities are respectively denoted as the first communication cavity q3 and the second communication cavity q4. Along the first direction, the first communication cavity q3 is used to communicate the chamber q1 near the through hole 1012 with the through hole 1012, and the second communication cavity q4 is used to communicate the chamber q1 near the mounting hole 1013 with the mounting hole 1013. The first communication cavity q3 and the second communication cavity q4 are both exemplified as cylindrical. The cross-sections of the first communication cavity q3 and the second communication cavity q4 perpendicular to the first direction are both circular and collinear with the axes of the respective chambers q1. The radius r13 of the first communication cavity q3 perpendicular to the first direction and the radius r14 of the second communication cavity q4 perpendicular to the first direction are equal to the radius r12 of the communication hole q2 perpendicular to the first direction. Along the first direction, the axial dimension h13 of the first communication cavity q3 and the axial dimension h14 of the second communication cavity q4 are both smaller than the axial dimension h11 of any one of the chambers q1.

[0066] It can be considered that along the first direction, the accommodation cavity Q at least includes the connected second communication cavity q4, three chambers q1 communicated through two communication holes q2, and the first communication cavity q3. The axial dimension H of the accommodation cavity Q is at least greater than or equal to the sum of the axial dimensions of the second communication cavity q4, three chambers q1 communicated through two communication holes q2, and the first communication cavity q3.

[0067] Figure 5a It is a schematic structural diagram of the valve core 102 of a multi-way valve 100. As Figure 5a shown, the valve core 102 includes a rod portion 1021 and end portions 1022 connected to both ends of the rod portion 1021 along the first direction. The rod portion 1021 and the end portions 1022 are both exemplified as cylindrical. The radial dimension of the rod portion 1021 perpendicular to the first direction is smaller than the radial dimension of the end portions 1022 perpendicular to the first direction. The outer peripheral surface of the end portions 1022 is used to cooperate with the communication hole q2 of the valve body 101. Along the first direction, one end of the valve core 102 away from the driving assembly 103 has a receiving groove 1023, and this receiving groove 1023 can be used for a part of the spring 1043 of the reset assembly 104 to extend into.

[0068] Figure 5bFIG. 0 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the valve core 102 of the multi-way valve 100. This cross-section extends along the radial direction of the valve core 102 and cuts through the axis of the valve core 102. The cross-sections of the rod portion 1021 and the end portion 1022 perpendicular to the first direction are both circular and their axes are collinear. The radius r21 of the rod portion 1021 perpendicular to the first direction is smaller than the radius r22 of the end portion 1022 perpendicular to the first direction, and the radii r22 of the two end portions 1022 perpendicular to the first direction are equal. Along the first direction, the axial dimension h21 of the rod portion 1021 is greater than the axial dimension h22 of any one of the end portions 1022, and the axial dimensions h22 of the two end portions 1022 may be equal or unequal. Along the first direction, the axial dimension H2 of the valve core 102 is smaller than the axial dimension H1 of the accommodation cavity Q of the valve body 101.

[0069] Based on Figure 4a and Figure 4b the structure of the valve body 101 exemplified in Figure 5a and Figure 5b the structure of the valve core 102 exemplified in Figure 6a FIG. 13 exemplifies the cross-sectional structure of the cooperation between the valve core 102 and the valve body 101. As shown in Figure 6a FIG. 15, the valve core 102 is reciprocally movably accommodated in the accommodation cavity Q along the first direction. The outer peripheral surfaces of the two end portions 1022 of the valve core 102 are respectively used to cooperate with the inner walls of the two communication holes q2 of the valve body 101. When any one of the end portions 1022 of the valve core 102 cooperates with a communication hole q2, this end portion 1022 can block the communication hole q2, so that the chambers q1 on both sides of the communication hole q2 cannot communicate. Among them, the cooperation between the end portion 1022 and the communication hole q2 includes structural errors and process errors. When a part of the rod portion 1021 of the valve core 102 is located in the chamber q1, a space that can accommodate liquid can be formed between the outer peripheral surface of the rod portion 1021 and the chamber q1. When a part of the end portion 1022 of the valve core 102 is located in the chamber q1, a space that can accommodate liquid can be formed between the outer peripheral surface of the end portion 1022 and the chamber q1.

[0070] Figure 6bIt is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the cooperation between the valve core 102 and the valve body 101 of the multi-way valve 100. The radius r22 of the end 1022 perpendicular to the first direction is equal to the radius r12 of the communication hole q2 perpendicular to the first direction, so that the end 1022 of the valve core 102 can pass through the communication hole q2. When the outer peripheral surface of the end 1022 cooperates with the inner wall of the communication hole q2, the end 1022 can block the communication hole q2. Alternatively, the radius r22 of the end 1022 perpendicular to the first direction is slightly smaller than the radius r12 of the communication hole q2 perpendicular to the first direction. When the end 1022 cooperates with the communication hole q2, the gap between the end 1022 and the communication hole q2 cannot allow liquid to flow through. The radius r21 of the rod portion 1021 of the valve core 102 perpendicular to the first direction is smaller than the radius r22 of the end 1022 perpendicular to the first direction, so that a space capable of accommodating liquid can be formed between the outer peripheral surface of the rod portion 1021 and the chamber q1. The radius r11 of the chamber q1 of the valve body 101 perpendicular to the first direction is larger than the radius r12 of the communication hole q2 perpendicular to the first direction, so that a space capable of accommodating liquid can be formed between the outer peripheral surface of the end 1022 and the chamber q1.

[0071] The three chambers q1 of the valve body 101 respectively include a middle first chamber and two second chambers located on both sides of the first chamber. For the convenience of illustration, the first chamber is the middle chamber q12, and the two second chambers are the left chamber q13 and the right chamber q11 respectively. The communication hole q2 between the middle chamber q12 and the right chamber q11 is exemplified as the first communication hole q21, and the communication hole q2 between the left chamber q13 and the middle chamber q12 is exemplified as the second communication hole q22. The end 1022a of the valve core 102 facing the through hole 1012 is partially accommodated in the right chamber q11, the end 1022b of the valve core 102 facing the through hole 1012 is partially accommodated in the left chamber q13, and the rod portion 1021 of the valve core 102 sequentially passes through the left chamber q13, the second communication hole q22, the middle chamber q12, the first communication hole q21, and the right chamber q11 in the first direction to connect the two ends 1022. Along the first direction, the axial dimension h21 of the rod portion 1021 of the valve core 102 is greater than the sum of the axial dimensions of the first communication hole q21, the middle chamber q12, and the second communication hole q22, that is, the axial dimension h21 of the rod portion 1021 of the valve core 102 is greater than the axial distance between the left chamber q13 and the right chamber q11, so that the end 1022a of the valve core 102 can extend into the right chamber q11 and the end 1022b can extend into the left chamber q13. The axial dimension h21 of the rod portion 1021 of the valve core 102 is less than the sum of the axial dimensions of the left chamber q13, the second communication hole q22, the middle chamber q12, the first communication hole q21, and the right chamber q11, so that at least part of the end 1022a of the valve core 102 is accommodated in the right chamber q11, at least part of the end 1022b is accommodated in the left chamber q13, and the middle chamber q12 is always in communication with at least one of the right chamber q11 and the left chamber q13. The axial dimension h22 of the end 1022a of the valve core 102 facing the through hole 1012 is greater than the axial dimension of the right chamber q11, the axial dimension h22 of the end 1022a of the valve core 102 facing the through hole 1012 is greater than the axial dimension h13 of the first communication chamber q3 in the first direction, and the axial dimension h22 of the end 1022b of the valve core 102 facing the through hole 1012 is less than the sum of the axial dimension of the right chamber q11 and the axial dimension h13 of the first communication chamber q3 in the first direction. The axial dimension h22 of the end 1022b of the valve core 102 facing the mounting hole 1013 is greater than the axial dimension h11 of the left chamber q13, the axial dimension h22 of the end 1022b of the valve core 102 facing the mounting hole 1013 is greater than the axial dimension h14 of the second communication chamber q4 in the first direction, and the axial dimension h22 of the end 1022b of the valve core 102 facing the mounting hole 1013 is less than the sum of the axial dimension h11 of the left chamber q13 and the axial dimension h14 of the second communication chamber q4 in the first direction. The valve core 102 can have sufficient axial movement space in the accommodation cavity Q to realize the conduction of different liquid paths.

[0072] When the valve core 102 moves in the accommodating cavity Q of the valve body 101 along the first direction, at least part of the end 1022a of the valve core 102 is located in the right chamber q11, and cooperates with at least one of the first communication cavity q3 and the first communication hole q21 to realize radial limitation of the end 1022a. At least part of the end 1022b of the valve core 102 is located in the left chamber q13, and cooperates with at least one of the second communication cavity q4 and the second communication hole q22, so as to radially limit the end 1022b. The cooperation between the two ends 1022 of the valve core 102 and the valve body 101 can ensure that the valve core 102 remains stable radially when moving along the first direction. When the valve core 102 moves in the accommodating cavity Q of the valve body 101 along the first direction, the middle cavity q12 is communicated with at least one of the left cavity q13 and the right cavity q11, which can ensure that the multi-way valve 100 can keep at least two openings K conducting.

[0073] Based on the structural cooperation relationship between the valve core 102 and the valve body 101, when the valve core 102 moves in the valve body 101 along the first direction, the cooperation relationship between the end 1022 of the valve core 102 and the communication hole q2 of the valve body 101 can change the communication state between different cavities q1, and further change the communication state of different openings of the multi-way valve 100. Next, in combination with the attached Figures 7a to 7c An exemplary description of the working principle of the multi-way valve 100 will be given.

[0074] As Figures 7a to 7c shows the cooperation state between the valve core 102 and the valve body 101 of the multi-way valve 100 at two working positions. The three first openings K1 of the valve body 101 are respectively exemplified as the left opening K11, the middle opening K12 and the right opening K13 along the first direction. The left opening K11 is communicated with the left chamber q11, the middle opening K12 is communicated with the middle chamber q12, and the right opening K13 is communicated with the right chamber q13. The second opening K2 is communicated with the left chamber q11, and the second opening K2 can be communicated with the left opening K11 through the left chamber q11.

[0075] As Figure 7aAs shown in the figure, the multi-way valve 100 is in the first working position. The end 1022a of the valve core 102 facing the through hole 1012 cooperates with the first communication hole q21 and closes the first communication hole q21. The intermediate chamber q12 is isolated from the right chamber q11. A part of the outer peripheral surface of the end 1022b of the valve core 102 facing the mounting hole 1013 is located in the left chamber q13, and there is a certain gap between the end 1022b and the second communication hole q22, so that the left chamber q13 and the intermediate chamber q12 can be communicated through the second communication hole q22. The connection between the left chamber q13 and the intermediate chamber q12 enables the left opening K11, the intermediate opening K12, and the second opening K2 to be communicated. At this time, the multi-way valve 100 can be in a "one-in-two-out" or "two-in-one-out" conduction state. That is to say, one of the left opening K11, the intermediate opening K12, and the second opening K2 can be used as an inlet, and the other two can be used as outlets. Or, two of the left opening K11, the intermediate opening K12, and the second opening K2 can be used as inlets, and the other one can be used as an outlet.

[0076] As Figure 7b shown in the figure, the multi-way valve 100 is in the second working position. A part of the outer peripheral surface of the end 1022a of the valve core 102 facing the through hole 1012 is located in the right chamber q11, and there is a certain gap between the end 1022a and the first communication hole q21, so that the right chamber q11 and the intermediate chamber q12 can be communicated through the first communication hole q21. The connection between the right chamber q11 and the intermediate chamber q12 enables the right opening K13 to be communicated with the intermediate opening K12. The end 1022b of the valve core 102 facing the mounting hole 1013 cooperates with the second communication hole q22 to close the second communication hole q22, so that the left chamber q13 is isolated from the intermediate chamber q12. At this time, the multi-way valve 100 can be in a "one-in-one-out" conduction state. That is to say, one of the right opening K13 and the intermediate opening K12 can be used as an inlet, and the other one can be used as an outlet.

[0077] As Figure 7cAs shown in the figure, the multi-way valve 100 is in the third working position. The part of the outer peripheral surface of the valve core 102 facing the end 1022a of the through hole 1012 is located in the right chamber q11, and there is a certain gap between the end 1022a and the first communication hole q21, so that the right chamber q11 and the middle chamber q12 can be communicated through the first communication hole q21. The communication between the right chamber q11 and the middle chamber q12 enables the right opening K13 to be communicated with the middle opening K12. The part of the outer peripheral surface of the valve core 102 facing the end 1022b of the mounting hole 1013 is located in the left chamber q13, and there is a certain gap between the end 1022b and the second communication hole q22, so that the left chamber q13 and the middle chamber q12 can be communicated through the second communication hole q22. The communication between the left chamber q13 and the middle chamber q12 enables the left opening K11, the middle opening K12, and the second opening K2 to be communicated. At this time, the four openings K of the multi-way valve 100 are all communicated, and the inlet and outlet directions of each opening K can be not limited. The multi-way valve 100 may achieve the conduction states of "one inlet and three outlets", "one outlet and three inlets", and "two inlets and two outlets".

[0078] When the multi-way valve 100 switches between the first working position and the second working position, it will go through the state of the third working position. The third working position can be regarded as the transition state of the multi-way valve 100 when switching between the first working position and the second working position. Taking the multi-way valve 100 that can achieve the states of the first working position and the second working position as an example, the multi-way valve 100 is equivalent to a two-position four-way valve.

[0079] In some embodiments, as Figure 8 shown in the partial cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of a multi-way valve 100, the second opening K2 is opposite to a first opening K1 close to the driving component 103, and the second opening K2 and the first opening K1 are both communicated with the right chamber q11. Figure 8 The multi-way valve 100 shown can achieve the switching between the first working position and the second working position as well as the multi-way valve 100 provided in the above embodiments, and it is also a two-position four-way valve.

[0080] In some embodiments, as Figure 9 shown in the partial cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of a multi-way valve 100, the second opening K2 is opposite to the middle first opening K1, and the second opening K2 and the first opening K1 are both communicated with the middle chamber q12. When the valve core 102 moves in the first direction in the valve body 101, the second opening K2 and the first opening K1 are always in the normally open state. Figures 10a to 10c This is the working state schematic diagram of the multi-way valve 100.

[0081] As Figure 10aAs shown, the multi-way valve 100 is in the first working position. The end 1022a of the valve core 102 facing the through hole 1012 cooperates with the first communication hole q21 and closes the first communication hole q21. The intermediate chamber q12 is isolated from the right chamber q11. A part of the outer peripheral surface of the end 1022b of the valve core 102 facing the mounting hole 1013 is located in the left chamber q13, and there is a certain gap between the end 1022b and the second communication hole q22, so that the left chamber q13 and the intermediate chamber q12 can be communicated through the second communication hole q22. The communication between the left chamber q13 and the intermediate chamber q12 enables the left opening K11, the intermediate opening K12, and the second opening K2 to be communicated. At this time, the multi-way valve 100 can be in a "one-in-two-out" or "two-in-one-out" conduction state. That is to say, one of the left opening K11, the intermediate opening K12, and the second opening K2 can be used as an inlet, and the other two can be used as outlets. Or, two of the left opening K11, the intermediate opening K12, and the second opening K2 can be used as inlets, and the other one can be used as an outlet.

[0082] As Figure 10b shown, the multi-way valve 100 is in the second working position. A part of the outer peripheral surface of the end 1022a of the valve core 102 facing the through hole 1012 is located in the right chamber q11, and there is a certain gap between the end 1022a and the first communication hole q21, so that the right chamber q11 and the intermediate chamber q12 can be communicated through the first communication hole q21. The communication between the right chamber q11 and the intermediate chamber q12 enables the right opening K13 to be communicated with the intermediate opening K12 and the second opening K2. The end 1022b of the valve core 102 facing the mounting hole 1013 cooperates with the second communication hole q22 to close the second communication hole q22, isolating the left chamber q13 from the intermediate chamber q12. At this time, the multi-way valve 100 can be in a "one-in-two-out" or "two-in-one-out" conduction state. That is to say, one of the right opening K13, the intermediate opening K12, and the second opening K2 can be used as an inlet, and the other two can be used as outlets. Or, two of the right opening K13, the intermediate opening K12, and the second opening K2 can be used as inlets, and the other one can be used as an outlet.

[0083] As Figure 10cAs shown, the multi-way valve 100 is in the third working position. The part of the outer peripheral surface of the valve core 102 facing the end 1022a of the through hole 1012 is located in the right chamber q11, and there is a certain gap between the end 1022a and the first communication hole q21, so that the right chamber q11 and the middle chamber q12 can be communicated through the first communication hole q21. The communication between the right chamber q11 and the middle chamber q12 enables the right opening K13 to be communicated with the middle opening K12 and the second opening K2. The part of the outer peripheral surface of the valve core 102 facing the end 1022b of the mounting hole 1013 is located in the left chamber q13, and there is a certain gap between the end 1022b and the second communication hole q22, so that the left chamber q13 and the middle chamber q12 can be communicated through the second communication hole q22. The communication between the left chamber q13 and the middle chamber q12 enables the left opening K11, the middle opening K12, and the second opening K2 to be communicated. At this time, the four openings K of the multi-way valve 100 are all communicated, and the inlet and outlet directions of each opening K can be not limited. The multi-way valve 100 may achieve the conduction states of "one inlet and three outlets", "one outlet and three inlets", and "two inlets and two outlets".

[0084] In some embodiments, such as Figure 11a As shown in a valve core 102, the valve core 102 has a through hole 1024 passing through the valve core 102. One end of the through hole 1024 is communicated with the receiving groove 1023, and the other end extends to the end surface of the end 1022 of the valve core 102 away from the receiving groove 1023 and is communicated with the end surface. Among them, the through hole 1024 is in a dendritic shape, specifically including a main hole 10241 and at least two branch holes 10242. One end of each branch hole 10242 is communicated with the main hole 10241, and the other end of each branch hole is respectively communicated with the end surface of the end 1022 of the valve core 102 away from the receiving groove 1023. The main hole 10241 is communicated between the receiving groove 1023 and at least two branch holes 10242.

[0085] Figure 11b The structure of the multi-way valve 100 with the valve core 102 shown in 11a. As Figure 11b shown, the valve core 102 is assembled in the valve body 101. The receiving groove 1023 and the through hole 1024 of the valve core 102 can serve as one of the openings K of the multi-way valve 100. This opening K is communicated with the rightmost first opening K1 through the right chamber q11. When the valve core 102 moves in the receiving cavity Q of the valve body 101 in the first direction, the opening K formed by the receiving groove 1023 and the through hole 1024 is always communicated with the opening K close to the driving component 103 through a receiving cavity Q. The multi-way valve 100 is applicable to the scenario of liquid inlet and outlet along the axis of the multi-way valve 100.

[0086] Figure 11a and Figure 11bIn the multi-way valve 100 shown, the opening K formed by the receiving groove 1023 and the guide through-hole 1024 can be regarded as the second opening K2, and the three openings on the valve body 101 can be regarded as three first openings K1. The cooperation of these three first openings K1 and the second opening K2 with the valve core 102 can achieve Figure 8 the two-position four-way function of the multi-way valve 100 shown. Specifically, the second opening K2 is equivalent to being connected to the right chamber q11 near the driving assembly 103 simultaneously with the opening K near the driving assembly 103. The function of this multi-way valve 100 is the same as that of Figure 8 the multi-way valve 100 shown, and it is also a two-position four-way valve.

[0087] Of course, when the second opening K2 formed by the receiving groove 1023 and the guide through-hole 1024 is connected to the left chamber q13 near the reset assembly 104, the function of this multi-way valve 100 is the same as that of Figure 3a the multi-way valve 100 shown. When the second opening K2 formed by the receiving groove 1023 and the guide through-hole 1024 is connected to the middle chamber q12, the function of this multi-way valve 100 is the same as that of Figure 9 the multi-way valve 100 shown. In specific applications, different structural forms of the valve core 102 can be replaced and matched with the valve body 101 to realize different structural forms of the multi-way valve 100.

[0088] It should be noted that for the multi-way valve 100 provided in the embodiments of the present application, the angles at which each opening K extends along the circumferential direction of the valve body 101 can be the same or different. Adjusting the size of the opening K can adjust the flow rate passing through this opening K. Along the first direction, the axial dimension of each opening K is less than or equal to the axial dimension of the chamber q1 connected to this opening K, and the liquid flow rate passing through the opening K will not cause an impact on the structure of the valve body 101, thus prolonging the service life of the valve body 101. The shape of each opening K is not limited in the present application and is shown as square. When manufacturing the multi-way valve 100, such openings K are easier to process and implement.

[0089] For the multi-way valve 100 provided in the embodiments of the present application, the structure and cooperation between the valve core 102 and the valve body 101 are relatively simple and easy to implement. The on-off and cooperation of the four openings K of the multi-way valve 100 can be achieved only by the linear movement of the valve core 102.

[0090] In specific applications, the multi-way valve 100 can be applied in an integrated module structure for convenient assembly. Figure 12 This is a valve body assembly provided in the embodiments of the present application, and this valve body assembly is an integrated module of the above multi-way valve 100. As Figure 12 shown, this valve body assembly includes a housing 200 and the multi-way valve 100 accommodated in the housing 200. The multi-way valve 100 is arranged with Figure 3aTaking the structure of the multi-way valve 100 shown as an example for illustration. The housing 200 includes an outer shell 201 and a plurality of partition plates 202. Each partition plate 202 is used to cooperate with the outer wall of the valve body 101 to divide the internal space of the housing 200 into a plurality of liquid chambers V. A plurality of openings K of the multi-way valve 100 are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of liquid chambers V and are connected. The housing 200 further includes a plurality of liquid channels t, and each liquid channel t is used to communicate with one liquid chamber V. That is to say, each opening K of the multi-way valve 100 can be connected to one liquid channel t through one liquid chamber V. An isolation chamber G is also formed in the housing 200, and a part of the driving assembly 103 of the multi-way valve 100 can be accommodated in the isolation chamber G. The partition plate 202 between the isolation chamber G and the liquid chamber V abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the valve body 101 where the sealing ring 105 is provided. The sealing ring 105 can be closely matched with the partition plate 202 to isolate the spaces on both sides of the sealing ring 105, preventing the liquid in the liquid chamber V from entering the isolation chamber G and reducing the safety hazard of the driving assembly 103.

[0091] When the valve body assembly is applied, each liquid chamber V is filled with liquid through the corresponding liquid channel t. When the valve body assembly is applied to the first circuit L1 of the temperature control system of the powertrain 10, the liquid can be the first cooling medium in the first circuit L1. When the valve body assembly is applied to the second circuit L2 of the temperature control system of the powertrain 10, the liquid can be the second cooling medium in the second circuit L2.

[0092] Figure 13 This is a temperature control system architecture of a powertrain 10 provided by an embodiment of the present application. Among them, the motor 4 includes a stator 41 and a rotor 42. The powertrain 10 includes a first heat dissipation channel s1 for supplying oil for heat dissipation to the stator 41 and a second heat dissipation channel s2 for supplying oil for heat dissipation to the rotor 42. The first heat dissipation channel s1 and the second heat dissipation channel s2 are connected in parallel between the outlet of the heat exchanger 2 and the oil pan 1. It can be considered that the first heat dissipation channel s1 and the second heat dissipation channel s2 are connected in parallel and then connected to the first circuit L1. The first cooling medium flowing out of the heat exchanger 2 can flow to the stator 41 and the rotor 42 through the first heat dissipation channel s1 and the second heat dissipation channel s2 respectively. The powertrain 10 further includes a bypass pipeline p, and the bypass pipeline p is connected in parallel at both ends of the first heat dissipation channel s1 of the heat exchanger 2. In some scenarios, the bypass pipeline p can bypass the first heat dissipation channel s1 to reduce the heat exchange between the first circuit L1 and the second circuit L2. The bypass pipeline p can be a separate pipeline or integrated on the housing of the heat exchanger 2. The powertrain 10 further includes a control valve assembly 6 arranged between the outlet of the heat exchanger 2 and the motor 4.

[0093] The control valve assembly 6 is a four-way valve, including four openings, namely the first port a1, the second port a2, the third port a3, and the fourth port a4. The first port a1 is communicated with the first heat exchange channel 21 of the heat exchanger 2, the second port a2 is communicated with the bypass pipeline p, the third port a3 is communicated with the second heat dissipation channel s2, and the fourth port a4 is communicated with the first heat dissipation channel s1. The control valve assembly 6 is adjusted according to the working conditions of the powertrain 10, so that the control valve assembly 6 can adjust the flow distribution of the first cooling medium in the first loop L1. When the circulation direction of the first cooling medium in the first loop L1 is determined, the first port a1 and the second port a2 are equivalent to the inlets of the control valve assembly 6, and the third port a3 and the fourth port a4 are equivalent to the outlets of the control valve assembly 6. The control valve assembly 6 can be the multi-way valve 100 in the above embodiment or the valve body assembly in the above embodiment. When the control valve assembly 6 is the Figure 3a multi-way valve 100 shown above, one of the left openings K11 and the second opening K2 of the multi-way valve 100 serves as the first port a1 and is communicated with the outlet of the first heat exchange channel 21 of the heat exchanger 2, and the other of the left openings K11 and the second opening K2 serves as the third port a3 and is communicated with the second heat dissipation channel s2. The right opening K13 is equivalent to the second port a2 and is communicated with the bypass pipeline p, and the middle opening K12 is equivalent to the fourth port a4 and is communicated with the first heat dissipation channel s1. By controlling the switching of the multi-way valve 100 between the first working position and the second working position, the switching of the temperature management mode of the powertrain 10 between the first working condition and the second working condition can be realized. The cooperation mode of the valve body 101 and the valve core 102 of the multi-way valve 100 is simple and reliable, and the powertrain 10 can simply and efficiently realize the switching of the temperature management mode, thereby improving the operating efficiency of the powertrain 10.

[0094] As Figure 14aAs shown, the powertrain 10 is in the first operating condition. The temperature of the motor 4 in the powertrain 10 is relatively high, and the first cooling medium in the first circuit L1 is required to dissipate heat from the stator 41 and the rotor 42. The first cooling medium in the first circuit L1 needs to exchange heat with the second cooling medium in the second circuit L2 at the heat exchanger 2 to maintain a relatively low temperature. At this time, the control valve assembly 6 is in the first working position, conducting the first port a1, the third port a3, and the fourth port a4, and closing the second port a2. At this time, the lubricating oil in the oil pan 1 flows along the first circuit L1 to the first heat exchange channel 21 of the heat exchanger 2 under the drive of the oil pump 5, enters the control valve assembly 6 through the first port a1, enters the second heat dissipation channel s2 through the third port a3, enters the first heat dissipation channel s1 through the fourth port a4, and finally returns to the oil pan 1. The first cooling medium in the first circuit L1 can exchange heat with the second cooling medium in the first heat exchange channel 21 and the second heat exchange channel 22 to cool down the first cooling medium. The first cooling medium with reduced temperature can flow through the control valve assembly 6 to the stator 41 and the rotor 42 of the motor 4 to dissipate heat from the stator 41 and the rotor 42, ensuring that the motor 4 does not overheat, and the powertrain 10 maintains a good working state and a safe state. Among them, the bypass pipeline p is in an idle state, and the first cooling medium will not flow through the bypass pipeline p to the control valve assembly 6.

[0095] As Figure 14b As shown, the powertrain 10 is in the second operating condition. The temperature of the first cooling medium in the first circuit L1 is relatively low, and the oil resistance is relatively large. It is necessary to reduce the churning loss of the entire system and reduce the drag burden of the motor 4. The first heat exchange channel 21 of the heat exchanger 2 can be bypassed, and oil is not supplied to the rotor 42. At this time, the control valve assembly 6 is in the second working position, conducting the second port a2 and the fourth port a4, and closing the first port a1 and the third port a3. The lubricating oil in the oil pan 1 flows along the first circuit L1 to the bypass pipeline p under the drive of the oil pump 5, enters the control valve assembly 6 through the second port a2, enters the first heat dissipation channel s1 through the fourth port a4, and finally returns to the oil pan 1. The first cooling medium in the first circuit L1 will not exchange heat with the second cooling medium in the first heat exchange channel 21 and the second heat exchange channel 22 of the heat exchanger 2, and the first cooling medium can maintain a relatively high temperature. At the same time, the first cooling medium cannot flow to the rotor 42, and the rotation of the rotor 42 is basically not affected by the blockage of the first cooling medium, reducing the drag burden of the motor 4. After the first cooling medium exchanges heat with the stator 41 through the first heat dissipation channel 21, the temperature will also increase to a certain extent, thereby reducing the viscosity of the first cooling medium, reducing the churning loss of the system, reducing the power consumption of the oil pump, and improving the efficiency of the powertrain 10.

[0096] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-way valve, characterized in that: The multi-way valve comprises a valve body and a valve core; The valve body comprises an accommodating cavity, the accommodating cavity comprises three chambers arranged adjacently along a first direction, any two adjacent chambers are connected via a connecting hole, and a radial dimension of the connecting hole is smaller than a radial dimension of the chamber along a direction perpendicular to the first direction; The valve core is accommodated in the accommodation cavity so as to be reciprocatingly movable along a first direction, and the valve core comprises a rod portion and end portions connected to both ends of the rod portion along the first direction; in a direction perpendicular to the first direction, the radial dimension of the rod portion is smaller than the radial dimension of the communicating hole, and the outer circumferential surface of the end portion is used to cooperate with the inner circumferential surface of the communicating hole to block the communicating hole; The multi-way valve further comprises four openings, wherein two of the chambers are respectively communicated with two of the openings in a one-to-one correspondence, and another of the chambers is communicated with the two openings at the same time.

2. The multi-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four openings include three first openings and one second opening The three first openings respectively penetrate the inner surface and the outer surface of the valve body in a direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the three first openings are connected to the three chambers in a one-to-one correspondence; The three first openings are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and the second opening and one of the first openings are communicated with one of the chambers at the same time.

3. The multi-way valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second opening passes through the inner surface and the outer surface of the valve body along a direction perpendicular to the first direction.

4. The multi-way valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second opening penetrates the valve core and exposes a surface of the valve body and a surface of the valve core located in the accommodating cavity.

5. The multi-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the first direction, the three chambers include a first chamber and two second chambers respectively located on both sides of the first chamber, and the distance between the two second chambers is smaller than the axial dimension of the rod portion of the valve core.

6. The multi-way valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: Along the first direction, an axial dimension of the first chamber is larger than an axial dimension of any one of the second chambers.

7. The multi-way valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: The accommodating cavity further comprises two communicating cavities, and along the first direction, one end of each of the second chambers away from the communicating hole is communicated with one of the communicating cavities; Along a direction perpendicular to the first direction, the radial dimension of the communicating hole is equal to the radial dimension of the communicating cavity, and the outer circumferential surface of each of the end portions cooperates with the inner circumferential surface of at least one of the communicating hole and the communicating cavity.

8. The multi-way valve according to claim 7, characterized in that: The two ends of the valve core at least partially extend into the two second chambers respectively; Between a group of mutually matching second chambers, the connecting chamber and the end, along the first direction, the axial dimension of the end is smaller than the axial dimension of the second chamber and the axial dimension of the connecting chamber, and the axial dimension of the end is larger than the sum of the axial dimension of the second chamber and the axial dimension of the connecting chamber.

9. The multi-way valve according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The axial dimension of each opening is smaller than or equal to the axial dimension of the chamber connected to the opening.

10. A valve body assembly, characterized in that: It comprises a housing and a multi-way valve according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the multi-way valve is accommodated in the housing; The housing comprises a plurality of partitions, each of which is used to cooperate with the outer wall of the valve body to divide the internal space of the housing into a plurality of liquid chambers, and the plurality of openings of the multi-way valve are connected to the plurality of liquid chambers in a one-to-one correspondence; The housing includes a plurality of liquid channels, each of which is used to communicate with one of the liquid chambers.

11. A powertrain, characterized in that: The powertrain includes a motor and a heat dissipation system, and the motor includes a stator and a rotor; The heat dissipation system comprises an oil pan, a heat exchanger module, a first heat dissipation channel, a second heat dissipation channel, a control valve assembly, and a bypass pipe, wherein the control valve assembly is the multi-way valve according to any one of claims 1 to 9 or the valve body assembly according to claim 10; The oil pan is connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger module to supply cooling oil to the heat exchanger module, and the heat exchanger module is used to exchange heat for the cooling oil; the bypass pipe is used to connect the heat exchanger module in parallel; the first heat dissipation channel and the second heat dissipation channel are connected in parallel between the outlet of the heat exchanger module and the oil pan, the first heat dissipation channel is used to dissipate heat for the stator, and the second heat dissipation channel is used to dissipate heat for the rotor; the control valve assembly is used to adjust the flow distribution of the cooling oil in the first heat dissipation channel and the bypass pipe.

12. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: The electric vehicle comprises wheels and the power assembly as claimed in claim 11, wherein a power output end of the power assembly is drivingly connected to the wheels.

Images