Double-pipe heat exchanger capable of preventing low-temperature frost crack
By installing an automatic drainage device on the water pipe of the casing heat exchanger, the floating ball and gate design automatically discharges the water in the water pipe when the power is cut off, the problem of the casing heat exchanger being frozen due to the freezing of water, achieving the anti-freezing effect in the event of power outage or forgetting to close the switch.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421607961.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-09
AI Technical Summary
In the event of power outage or forgetting to close the switch, the casing heat exchanger is prone to freezing and cracking due to the freezing of water, and existing anti-freezing measures fail in these cases.
An automatic drainage device is designed, including an electromagnet, a gate plate and a float ball. When the electromagnet is powered off, the buoyancy of the float ball raises the gate plate, the drain opening is opened, and the water in the water pipe can be discharged, thereby preventing freezing and cracking.
In the event of power outage or power outage, the automatic drainage device can effectively discharge water in the water pipe, prevent freezing and cracking, and reduce losses caused by power outage or forgetting to close the switch.
Smart Images
Figure CN223020993U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of air conditioning equipment, and particularly relates to a casing heat exchanger for preventing low-temperature freezing and cracking. Background Art
[0002] The water-side heat exchanger of an air conditioner is one of the main components of a heat pump, and is used for heat exchange between a refrigerant and circulating water at the indoor terminal; the inside of the casing heat exchanger is a refrigerant pipe, and the outside is a water pipe. In winter, the relatively low ambient temperature will cause the water in the water pipe to freeze. Since the volume of water will increase during the freezing process, if the casing heat exchanger is filled with water, the ice with an enlarged volume will easily crack the water pipe or the refrigerant pipe, resulting in mutual penetration of the refrigerant and water. To prevent this phenomenon, electric heating and water pump circulation are mostly used in the market to prevent the frozen water in the water pipe from freezing, so as to protect the casing heat exchanger from cracking.
[0003] However, if there is a power outage or the switch is forgotten to be closed, etc., at this time, the electric heating device or the water pump circulation device will not work on the water-side heat exchanger, and the water-side heat exchanger will still be damaged due to water freezing, thus failing to play the role of preventing freezing and cracking. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a casing heat exchanger for preventing low-temperature freezing and cracking, which can prevent the casing heat exchanger from being frozen and cracked at low temperature when the equipment is filled with water and not powered on, and reduce the loss caused by the freezing and cracking of the casing heat exchanger due to power failure or forgetting to close the switch.
[0005] The utility model includes a water pipe and a refrigerant pipe sleeved inside the water pipe. A drain port is provided on the pipe wall of the water pipe, and an automatic drainage device is installed at the drain port. The automatic drainage device is in a closed state when powered on and in an open state when powered off. When the automatic drainage device is opened, the water in the water pipe can be discharged from the drain port, thereby preventing freezing and cracking.
[0006] Preferably, the automatic drainage device includes a housing, an electromagnet is provided below the housing, and a gate plate that can be attracted by the electromagnet is movably installed inside the housing; a floating ball immersed in the water in the water pipe is provided inside the gate plate, and the buoyancy of the floating ball in the water is greater than the gravity of the gate plate.
[0007] Preferably, the gate plate is made of a strong magnetic material.
[0008] Preferably, a permanent magnet block is installed at the bottom of the gate plate, and the magnetic pole direction at the bottom of the permanent magnet block is opposite to the magnetic pole direction at the upper part of the electromagnet.
[0009] Preferably, the inside of the gate plate is a hollow structure.
[0010] Preferably, the surface of the gate plate is coated with anti-rust paint.
[0011] Preferably, a plurality of floating balls are provided and are evenly spaced on the inner side of the gate plate.
[0012] Preferably, the floating ball is made of rubber material and has a hollow structure inside.
[0013] Preferably, the water pipe spirals upward to form an arc-rectangular shape with arcs at both ends and a straight line segment in the middle.
[0014] Preferably, a first solenoid valve is connected to the water inlet of the water pipe, and a second solenoid valve is connected to the water outlet of the water pipe. Both the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve are normally closed solenoid valves.
[0015] In summary, the present utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0016] 1. A drain port is provided on the water pipe, and an automatic drainage device is installed at the drain port. The automatic drainage device includes a housing. An electromagnet is provided below the housing. A gate plate that can be attracted by the electromagnet is movably installed inside the housing. When the electromagnet is energized, the electromagnet generates magnetism, and the electromagnet can firmly attract the gate plate, so that the water in the water pipe does not leak out, without affecting the heat exchange of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger and the normal water circulation; when the electromagnet is de-energized, the magnetism of the electromagnet disappears, and the electromagnet has no attraction to the gate plate. The buoyancy of the floating ball located on the side of the gate plate causes the gate plate to rise, the drain port opens, and the water in the water pipe can be discharged from the drain port, thereby preventing the water pipe from freezing and cracking;
[0017] 2. The inside of the gate plate is designed to be hollow, making the gate plate lighter in weight and easier to be floated by the floating ball. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger for preventing low-temperature freezing and cracking according to the present utility model;
[0019] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram with the automatic drainage device removed;
[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the automatic drainage device;
[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the housing and the gate plate Figure 1 ;
[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the housing and the gate plate Figure 2 .
[0023] In the figure: 1, water pipe; 2, refrigerant pipe; 3, drain port; 4, automatic drainage device; 401, housing; 402, electromagnet; 403, gate plate; 404, floating ball; 5, first solenoid valve; 6, second solenoid valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0024] The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0025] All orientations mentioned in this specification are based on the orientation of a casing heat exchanger for preventing low-temperature freeze cracking during normal operation of the present utility model, without limiting its orientation during storage and transportation. It only represents the relative positional relationship and does not represent the absolute positional relationship.
[0026] As Figures 1 to 5 Collectively shown, a casing heat exchanger for preventing low-temperature freeze cracking includes a water pipe 1 and a refrigerant pipe 2 sleeved inside the water pipe 1. A solenoid valve I 5 is connected to the water inlet of the water pipe 1, and a solenoid valve II 6 is connected to the water outlet of the water pipe 1. Both the solenoid valve I 5 and the solenoid valve II 6 are normally closed solenoid valves. When the casing heat exchanger is powered off, the electromagnet 402 closes, cutting off the passage between the casing heat exchanger and the remaining pipe fittings, forming a sealed space inside the casing heat exchanger, and external water flow cannot flow into the casing heat exchanger.
[0027] The water pipe 1 spirals upward in a helical shape to form an arc rectangle shape with both ends being arcs and the middle being a straight section; a drain port 3 is provided on the pipe wall of the water pipe 1, and an automatic drainage device 4 is installed at the drain port 3. The automatic drainage device 4 is arranged at the straight section of the arc rectangle, making the connection between the automatic drainage device 4 and the water pipe 1 more convenient and firm; the automatic drainage device 4 includes a housing 401, an electromagnet 402 is provided below the housing 401, and a shutter 403 that can be attracted by the electromagnet 402 is movably installed inside the housing 401. When the electromagnet 402 is powered on, the electromagnet 402 generates magnetism and can firmly attract the shutter 403, while when the electromagnet 402 is powered off, the magnetism of the electromagnet 402 disappears and the electromagnet 402 has no attraction to the shutter 403; the shutter 403 is arranged along the center line direction of the water pipe 1 at this location, and the size of the shutter 403 is adapted to the size of the drain port 3 for blocking the drain port 3 when closed.
[0028] A floating ball 404 immersed in the water inside the water pipe 1 is provided on the inner side of the shutter 403. A plurality of floating balls 404 are provided and are evenly spaced on the inner side of the shutter 403. The floating balls 404 are made of rubber material and have a hollow structure inside. The buoyancy of the floating balls 404 in water is greater than the gravity of the shutter 403; when the casing heat exchanger is powered off, the magnetism of the electromagnet 402 disappears, the electromagnet 402 has no attraction to the shutter 403, the floating balls 404 float in the water inside the water pipe 1, and the buoyancy of the floating balls 404 causes the shutter 403 to rise, opening the drain port 3, and the water inside the water pipe 1 can be discharged from the drain port 3, thereby preventing freeze cracking.
[0029] Furthermore, the inside of the shutter 403 is a hollow structure, making the shutter 403 lighter in weight and easier to be floated by the floating balls 404.
[0030] In one embodiment, the gate plate 403 is made of a ferromagnetic material. Ferromagnetic materials refer to materials made of magnetic substances such as iron, nickel, cobalt, etc., such as ferrites, neodymium iron boron, cobalt iron, etc. They have characteristics such as high magnetic permeability and magnetic impedance, good saturation magnetization intensity, and Curie point. When the gate plate 403 is made of a ferromagnetic material, the surface of the gate plate 403 is coated with anti-rust paint to prevent corrosion of the metal material.
[0031] In another embodiment, a permanent magnet block is installed at the bottom of the gate plate 403. The magnetic pole direction at the bottom of the permanent magnet block is opposite to the magnetic pole direction at the upper part of the electromagnet 402. The permanent magnet block is made of a magnet. A magnet refers to a device with magnetism made by processing a magnetic material, which is divided into two types: permanent magnet and electromagnet 402. A permanent magnet already has magnetism during manufacturing, while an electromagnet 402 needs to obtain magnetism by applying current. When a permanent magnet block is installed at the bottom of the gate plate 403, the gate plate 403 can be made of materials such as metal, rubber, or plastic. When the gate plate 403 is made of a metal material, anti-corrosion treatment is required. When the gate plate 403 is made of materials such as rubber or plastic, its weight can be made lighter.
[0032] During use, when the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is powered on, the solenoid valve I 5 and the solenoid valve II 6 are in the open state. At this time, the entire shell-and-tube heat exchanger is connected to other pipelines, and the internal cold water can circulate normally. At the same time, the electromagnet 402 in the automatic drainage device 4 is powered on, and the electromagnet 402 generates magnetism. The electromagnet 402 can firmly attract the gate plate 403 to close the drain port 3, and the liquid in the water pipe 1 will not leak. When the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is powered off, the solenoid valve I 5 and the solenoid valve II 6 are in the closed state. At this time, the water circuit part in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is closed, and external water flow cannot flow into the shell-and-tube heat exchanger. At the same time, the solenoid valve I 5 and the solenoid valve II 6 are powered off, and the magnetism of the electromagnet 402 disappears. The electromagnet 402 has no attraction to the gate plate 403, and the gate plate 403 rises under the buoyancy of the float 404 to open the drain port 3, and the water flow in the water pipe 1 is discharged. When the drainage volume reaches a certain range, the gate plate 403 will slowly close as the liquid level in the water pipe 1 drops, forming a part of the cavity inside the water pipe 1 to prevent the low-temperature water from freezing and cracking.
[0033] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions, or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the essence of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A shell and tube heat exchanger that prevents low-temperature freezing and cracking, characterized in that: The invention comprises a water pipe (1) and a refrigerant pipe (2) sleeved inside the water pipe (1); a drain port (3) is provided on the pipe wall of the water pipe (1); an automatic drain device (4) is installed at the drain port (3); the automatic drain device (4) is in a closed state when power is on and in an open state when power is off; when the automatic drain device (4) is opened, water in the water pipe (1) can be discharged from the drain port (3), thereby preventing freezing and cracking.
2. A low-temperature frost cracking-proof shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic drainage device (4) comprises a housing (401), an electromagnet (402) is provided below the housing (401), a gate (403) which can be attracted by the electromagnet (402) is movably installed in the housing (401); a floating ball (404) immersed in the water in the water pipe (1) is provided on the inner side of the gate (403), and the buoyancy of the floating ball (404) in the water is greater than the gravity of the gate (403).
3. A low-temperature frost cracking-proof shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gate plate (403) is made of a strong magnetic material.
4. A low-temperature frost cracking-proof shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: A permanent magnet block is installed at the bottom of the gate plate (403), and the magnetic pole direction of the bottom of the permanent magnet block is opposite to the magnetic pole direction of the upper part of the electromagnet (402).
5. A low-temperature frost cracking-resistant shell-and-tube heat exchanger as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The interior of the gate plate (403) is a hollow structure.
6. A low-temperature frost cracking-resistant shell-and-tube heat exchanger as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The surface of the gate plate (403) is coated with anti-rust paint.
7. A low-temperature frost cracking-proof shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of the floating balls (404) are evenly spaced and arranged on the inner side of the gate plate (403).
8. A low-temperature frost cracking-resistant shell-and-tube heat exchanger as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The floating ball (404) is made of rubber material and has a hollow structure inside.
9. The low-temperature frost cracking-resistant shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water pipe (1) spirals upward to form an arc-shaped rectangular shape with arcs at both ends and a straight line segment in the middle.
10. The low-temperature frost cracking-resistant shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet of the water pipe (1) is connected to a solenoid valve 1 (5), and the water outlet of the water pipe (1) is connected to a solenoid valve 2 (6). Both the solenoid valve 1 (5) and the solenoid valve 2 (6) are normally closed solenoid valves.