Indoor test device for researching instability mechanism of bedding slope of water-sensitive soft rock

Abstract

The utility model discloses an indoor test device for water-sensitive soft rock bedding side slope instability mechanism research, which relates to the field of soft rock side slope simulation test, and comprises a water tank and a rack which are arranged on a bearing platform, a test platform and a water collecting tank are arranged in the water tank, and the test platform is higher than the water collecting tank and lower than the upper edge of the water tank. The test platform is provided with a clamp for clamping a sample, the clamp is connected with a microseismic simulation device, the rack above the test platform is connected with a spraying device, the rack obliquely above the test platform is connected with an image acquisition device directly facing the sample, and the spraying device comprises a sprayer, a water tank, a water pump and a water inlet pipe. According to the device, a reasonable stability analysis model is constructed by simulating the real condition of a road in a natural environment, fully considering the defect that the hydraulic environment induces weakening of the mechanical property of soft rock and combining vibration generated when a vehicle passes through, so that the stability of the road is improved. And the stress deformation change rule and the failure mechanism of the highway soft rock bedding slope can be disclosed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of soft rock slope simulation tests, and particularly relates to a device for indoor tests on the instability mechanism of water-sensitive soft rock bedding slopes. Background Technique

[0002] China is in a period of rapid development of highway construction, and highway construction is increasingly extending to mountainous areas with complex geological and topographical conditions. There are a large number of high-fill and deep-excavation sections along highways, especially in mountainous areas with complex topography or transitional zones between plains and mountains. These sections usually require large-scale earthwork projects, including excavation and filling, due to large topographical undulations and complex geological conditions. Such projects not only increase the construction difficulty but may also lead to stability problems such as landslides and settlements, and corresponding engineering measures need to be taken to ensure the safety and stability of the roadbed. Water-sensitive soft rock bedding slopes play an important role in civil engineering such as highway construction. They usually exist in slopes or side slopes of infrastructure such as roads, railways, and dams. Due to their unique physical and chemical properties, these rock and soil masses are prone to softening, swelling, or liquefaction under the action of moisture, thus significantly affecting the stability of the slopes. Understanding the specific mechanism of the instability of water-sensitive soft rock bedding slopes helps to formulate effective emergency response and repair strategies and reduce losses caused by disasters.

[0003] The existing technology lacks methods and devices that can simulate the instability mechanism of water-sensitive soft rock bedding slopes in a natural environment. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a device for indoor tests on the instability mechanism of water-sensitive soft rock bedding slopes to solve the above problems. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a device for indoor tests on the instability mechanism of water-sensitive soft rock bedding slopes to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following solution: A device for indoor tests on the instability mechanism of water-sensitive soft rock bedding slopes, including a water tank and a frame arranged on a loading platform. The water tank is located inside the frame. The water tank is provided with a test platform and a sump. The test platform is higher than the sump and lower than the upper edge of the water tank. A fixture for clamping a specimen is arranged on the test platform. The fixture is connected to a microseismic simulation device. A spraying device is connected to the frame above the test platform. An image acquisition device facing the specimen is connected to the frame obliquely above the test platform. The spraying device includes a sprayer and a water tank. A water inlet pipe is connected between the sprayer and the water tank, and a water pump is connected to the water inlet pipe.

[0006] Preferably, the fixture includes a fixed clamping plate, a first movable clamping plate, a second movable clamping plate and a clamping mechanism. The first movable clamping plate and the second movable clamping plate slide towards each other on one side of the fixed clamping plate facing the water tank, and the clamping mechanism is respectively connected to the sides of the first movable clamping plate and the second movable clamping plate away from each other. The clamping mechanism drives the first movable clamping plate and the second movable clamping plate to approach or move away from each other.

[0007] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a motor base fixed on one side of the fixed clamping plate facing the water tank, a rotary motor and a slider fixed on the motor base, a sliding rack slidably connected to the slider, and a connecting seat fixed at one end of the sliding rack. A gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotary motor. The sliding rack meshes with the gear, and the rotary motor drives the rack to reciprocate along its length direction on the slider through the gear.

[0008] Preferably, the fixed clamping plate is connected to the micro-vibration simulation device, and a frequency collector is installed on the fixed clamping plate.

[0009] Preferably, pressure sensors are provided on the opposite sides of the first movable clamping plate and the second movable clamping plate facing each other.

[0010] Preferably, a flow meter is provided on the water inlet pipe.

[0011] Preferably, a housing is provided on the periphery of the frame. The micro-vibration simulation device includes at least one vibration motor fixed inside the housing, and the power output end of the vibration motor is connected to the fixture.

[0012] Preferably, a humidity sensor is fixedly connected at any position inside the housing.

[0013] Preferably, a blowing device fixed on the frame and facing the specimen is further provided in the space inside the housing.

[0014] Preferably, a wave maker is installed on one side of the water tank away from the test platform.

[0015] The present utility model discloses the following technical effects:

[0016] The test device of the present utility model can reveal the stress and deformation change law and failure mechanism of the soft rock bedding slope of the highway by simulating the real situation faced by the road in the natural environment, fully consider the deficiency of the weakening of the mechanical properties of soft rock induced by the hydraulic environment, and combine the vibration generated when the vehicle passes through to construct a reasonable stability analysis model, which can reveal the instability failure mechanism of the soft rock slope under the action of hydraulic coupling, and is very helpful for improving the monitoring, early warning and prevention levels of soft rock slope disasters. Description of the Drawings

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 Front view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 Front view of an embodiment of the present invention after removing the frame and the rear vertical plate;

[0021] Figure 4 Right view of an embodiment of the present invention after removing the frame and the rear vertical plate;

[0022] Figure 5 Stereogram of an embodiment of the present invention after removing the frame and the rear vertical plate;

[0023] Figure 6 is Figure 5 Partial enlarged view of part A in

[0024] In the figure: 1, bearing platform; 2, water tank; 3, frame; 4, sump; 5, test platform; 6, first movable clamping plate; 7, sprinkler; 8, specimen; 9, second movable clamping plate; 10, fixed clamping plate; 11, clamping mechanism; 12, rear vertical plate; 13, drain valve; 14, vibration motor; 15, water pump; 16, water tank; 17, water inlet pipe; 18, water level scale; 19, image acquisition device; 111, motor base; 112, rotating motor; 113, slider; 114, sliding rack; 115, gear; 116, connecting seat. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific implementation manners.

[0027] Refer toFigures 1 to 6 As shown in the figure, the present utility model provides a device for indoor test on the instability mechanism of water-sensitive soft rock bedding slopes, including a bearing platform 1, a water tank 2, a frame 3, a fixture, a microseismic simulation device, a spraying device, an image acquisition device 19, etc. Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the device specifically includes a water tank 2 arranged on the bearing platform 1. The top of the water tank 2 is open. Inside the water tank 2, there is a sump 4 with a relatively large depth and a test platform 5 with a relatively small depth. The test platform 5 can be a flat plate fixedly connected at half the depth of the water tank 2, or a stepped platform integrally formed inside the water tank 2. The height of the sump 4 is lower than that of the test platform 5, which can timely drain the water above the test platform 5 into the sump 4, keeping the test platform 5 in a non-ponding state. The upper surface of the test platform 5 is lower than the open mouth of the water tank 2. When enough water is put into the water tank 2, the test platform 5 can also be submerged, making the specimen 8 on the test platform 5 in water. Thus, it can simulate both the state of timely drainage and the state of being soaked in water.

[0028] A frame-shaped frame 3 is fixedly connected to the bearing platform 1. The frame 3 is formed by splicing (welding or bolt connection) multiple channel steels. The frame 3 is placed around the water tank 2 to form supports from the four sides and the top of the water tank 2. A housing is installed around the four sides and the top surface of the frame 3. The housing specifically includes a front door, a rear vertical plate 12, side plates, and a top plate (the front door, side plates, and top plate are not shown in the figure). Among them, the front door and side plates are made of transparent materials for facilitating the observation of the internal test situation.

[0029] A fixture is arranged on the test platform 5 of the water tank 2 for clamping the specimen 8. The fixture specifically includes a fixed clamping plate 10 arranged in parallel and at intervals with the rear vertical plate 12. The fixed clamping plate 10 is located above the rear side plate of the water tank 2, and two first movable clamping plates 6 and second movable clamping plates 9 spaced at intervals along the length direction of the fixed clamping plate 10 are slidably connected in opposite directions on the side facing the test platform 5 in the water tank 2. Clamping mechanisms 11 are arranged on the opposite sides of the first movable clamping plate 6 and the second movable clamping plate 9. The clamping mechanisms 11 can drive the first movable clamping plate 6 and the second movable clamping plate 9 to approach each other to complete the clamping of the specimen 8, or drive the two to move away from each other to facilitate the insertion of the specimen 8 and the adjustment of the clamping pressure.

[0030] A drain port is provided in the sump 4 of the water tank 2, and a drain valve 13 is installed at the drain port. By controlling the opening and closing size of the drain valve 13, the water levels in the sump 4 and the water tank 2 are controlled.

[0031] On the front surface of the water tank 2, that is, the operation surface of the device, a transparent water level scale 18 is provided. Water level graduations are marked on the water level scale 18 for facilitating the observation and control of the water level in the water tank 2.

[0032] The spraying device includes a sprayer 7 on the frame 3 directly above the fixture. The sprayer 7 covers the entire test platform 5 and is used to simulate the impact of rain on the specimen 8. The sprayer 7 is connected to a water pump 15 through a water inlet pipe 17. The water pump 15 is connected to a water tank 16 through a pipeline. The water in the water tank 16 is pumped into the sprayer 7 by the water pump 15, and the sprayer 7 evenly sprays the water on the specimen 8 to simulate the impact of rainy weather on the soft rock bedding slope.

[0033] A flow meter (not shown in the figure) is provided on the water inlet pipe 17 to control and measure the amount of sprayed water, thereby providing data for the calculation of test results.

[0034] The microseismic simulation device includes a vibration motor 14 arranged between the rear vertical plate 12 and the fixed clamping plate 10. The vibration motor 14 is fixedly connected to the rear vertical plate 12, and its motor output shaft is connected to the fixed clamping plate 10. When the vibration motor 14 operates, it generates vibration on the fixed clamping plate, and the fixed clamping plate 10 transmits the vibration to the specimen 8, thereby simulating the impact of various vibrations, including vehicles passing on the road, on the soft rock bedding slope. The number of vibration motors 14 is set according to needs. For example, multiple vibration motors 14 can be set, and one or more vibration motors 14 can be selectively turned on according to the test requirements of vibration magnitude.

[0035] As Figure 6 shown, the clamping mechanism 11 specifically includes a motor base 111 fixedly connected to one side of the fixed clamping plate 10 facing the water tank 2, a rotary motor 112 and a slider 113 fixedly connected to the motor base 111, a sliding rack 114 slidably connected to the slider 113, and a connecting seat 116 fixedly connected to one end of the sliding rack 114. Taking the clamping mechanism 11 on one side of the second movable clamping plate 9 as an example, the connecting seat 116 is fixedly connected to the side of the second movable clamping plate 9 away from the first movable clamping plate 6. A gear 115 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotary motor 112. The sliding rack 114 meshes with the gear 115. When the rotary motor 112 operates, it drives the gear 115 to rotate forward / backward, driving the rack to reciprocate along its length direction on the slider 113. When the clamping mechanism 11 operates, it pushes the second movable clamping plate 9 closer to the first movable clamping plate 6. At the same time, another clamping mechanism 11 fixedly connected to one side of the first movable clamping plate 6 operates synchronously, pushing the first movable clamping plate 6 closer to the second movable clamping plate 9, and the specimen 8 placed on the test platform 5 is fixed by the extrusion of the first movable clamping plate 6 and the second movable clamping plate 9.

[0036] For a further optimized solution, after the front door is closed, the entire test device is within the enclosed space formed by the housing. A humidity sensor is fixedly connected at any position on the inner side of the housing. The humidity sensor is used to monitor the humidity value within the enclosed space. Water vapor is sprayed into the enclosed space through the sprayer 7. When the set humidity value is reached, the spraying stops. At this time, the specimen 8 is subjected to a vibration test under the preset humidity condition to test under what humidity and vibration conditions the soft rock bedding slope will become unstable.

[0037] For a further optimized solution, an exhaust fan is provided above or on the side of the housing to discharge the water vapor within the enclosed space and reduce the internal humidity.

[0038] For a further optimized solution, a frequency collector is installed on the fixed clamping plate 10 to measure the vibration frequency of the microseismic simulation device.

[0039] For a further optimized solution, a blowing device fixedly connected to the frame 3 is also provided within the space inside the housing. The blowing device is specifically an acceleration fan and is arranged facing the specimen 8, so as to add the influencing factor of wind blowing during the test.

[0040] For a further optimized solution, a small wave maker is installed on one side of the water tank 2 away from the test platform 5 to generate water waves flowing towards the test platform 5, simulating the water flow scouring at the bottom of the soft rock bedding slope.

[0041] For a further optimized solution, pressure sensors are provided on the opposite sides of the first movable clamping plate 6 and the second movable clamping plate 9 to monitor the lateral pressure generated by the specimen 8 during the test.

[0042] For a further optimized solution, the pressure sensor is a thermocouple closely attached to the inner sides of the first movable clamping plate 6 and the second movable clamping plate 9 (the opposite sides of the first movable clamping plate 6 and the second movable clamping plate 9).

[0043] The details not elaborated in this utility model are all well-known conventional technical means in the art.

[0044] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing this utility model and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to this utility model.

[0045] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An indoor test device for studying the instability mechanism of water-sensitive soft rock slope along the layer, characterized in that: The invention comprises a water tank (2) and a frame (3) arranged on a supporting platform (1), wherein the water tank (2) is located in the frame (3), a test platform (5) and a water collecting tank (4) are arranged in the water tank (2), the test platform (5) is higher than the water collecting tank (4) and lower than the upper edge of the water tank (2), a fixture for clamping a sample (8) is arranged on the test platform (5), and the fixture is connected to a microseismic simulation device, a spray device is connected to the frame (3) above the test platform (5), an image acquisition device (19) facing the sample (8) is connected to the frame (3) obliquely above the test platform (5), and the spray device comprises a sprayer (7) and a water tank (16), a water inlet pipe (17) is connected between the sprayer (7) and the water tank (16), and a water pump (15) is connected to the water inlet pipe (17).

2. The indoor test device for studying the instability mechanism of water-sensitive soft rock slope along the layer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The clamp comprises a fixed clamp (10), a first movable clamp (6), a second movable clamp (9) and a clamping mechanism (11); the first movable clamp (6) and the second movable clamp (9) slide towards each other on a side of the fixed clamp (10) facing the water tank (2); and the sides of the first movable clamp (6) and the second movable clamp (9) away from each other are respectively connected to the clamping mechanism (11); the clamping mechanism (11) drives the first movable clamp (6) and the second movable clamp (9) to move closer to or away from each other.

3. The indoor test device for studying the instability mechanism of water-sensitive soft rock slope along the layer according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (11) comprises a motor seat (111) fixedly connected to a side of the fixed clamping plate (10) facing the water tank (2), a rotating motor (112) and a sliding block (113) fixedly connected to the motor seat (111), a sliding rack (114) slidably connected to the sliding block (113), and a connecting seat (116) fixedly connected to one end of the sliding rack (114); the output shaft of the rotating motor (112) is fixedly connected to a gear (115); the sliding rack (114) is meshed with the gear (115); and the rotating motor (112) drives the rack to slide back and forth on the sliding block (113) along its length direction via the gear (115).

4. The indoor test device for studying the instability mechanism of water-sensitive soft rock slope along the layer according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The fixing clamp (10) is connected to the microseismic simulation device, and a frequency collector is installed on the fixing clamp (10).

5. The indoor test device for studying the instability mechanism of water-sensitive soft rock slope along the layer according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Pressure sensors are provided on the facing surfaces of the first movable clamping plate (6) and the second movable clamping plate (9).

6. The indoor test device for studying the instability mechanism of water-sensitive soft rock slope along the layer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water inlet pipe (17) is provided with a flow meter.

7. The indoor test device for studying the instability mechanism of water-sensitive soft rock slope along the layer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A cover is provided on the periphery of the frame (3); the micro-seismic simulation device comprises at least one vibration motor (14) fixedly connected to the inner side of the cover; the power output end of the vibration motor (14) is connected to the clamp.

8. The indoor test device for studying the instability mechanism of water-sensitive soft rock slope along the layer according to claim 7 is characterized in that: A humidity sensor is fixedly connected at any position inside the cover shell.

9. The indoor test device for studying the instability mechanism of water-sensitive soft rock slope along the layer according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The space inside the housing is also provided with a blowing device which is fixed to the frame (3) and faces the sample (8).

10. The indoor test device for studying the instability mechanism of water-sensitive soft rock slope along the layer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A wave maker is installed on a side of the water tank (2) away from the test platform (5).

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