Ion trap device and quantum computing equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides an ion trap device and quantum computing equipment comprising the ion trap device, and the ion trap device comprises an ion trap; the cavity is used for sealing the ion trap; the plane window is arranged on the side wall of the cavity; the spherical reflector is arranged in the cavity and is concave towards the plane window, the curvature radius of the spherical reflector is twice of the focal length of the spherical reflector, and ions trapped in the ion trap are arranged at the curvature center of the spherical reflector; the diffraction limit aspherical lens is arranged on the side, close to the plane window, in the cavity, and the spherical reflector, the ion and the diffraction limit aspherical lens are coaxially arranged. By using the ion trap device provided by the utility model, the fluorescence collection efficiency of the ion trap can be improved without using an objective lens, and for quantum computing equipment, more accurate, more reliable and more efficient quantum computing can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of quantum computers, and particularly relates to an ion trap device and a quantum computing device including the ion trap device. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the research and development and application of ion trap-based quantum computers are being accelerated. Such a quantum computing device mainly uses an ion trap to trap ions and manipulate their quantum states to achieve the storage and manipulation of qubits. At the same time, it also uses quantum entanglement to achieve quantum parallel computing and quantum state transmission, and reads the state of qubits by measuring the physical properties of ions, thereby completing quantum computing tasks. Since reading the state of qubits is a necessary step in the output of quantum computing, it is necessary to collect the fluorescence photons emitted by ions from the ion trap. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an ion trap device and a quantum computing device including the ion trap device.

[0004] The utility model provides an ion trap device, which includes: an ion trap; a cavity for sealing the ion trap; a planar window provided on the side wall of the cavity; a spherical mirror provided inside the cavity and concave towards the planar window, the radius of curvature of the spherical mirror being twice the focal length of the spherical mirror, and the ions trapped in the ion trap being arranged at the center of curvature of the spherical mirror; a diffraction-limited aspherical lens provided on one side inside the cavity close to the planar window, wherein the spherical mirror, the ions, and the diffraction-limited aspherical lens are coaxially arranged.

[0005] Preferably, the ions radiate fluorescence into the surrounding space with equal probability in a 4π solid angle.

[0006] Preferably, the aperture of the spherical mirror is adapted to the aperture of the diffraction-limited aspherical lens.

[0007] Preferably, the distance between the ions and the diffraction-limited aspherical lens is the focal length of the diffraction-limited aspherical lens.

[0008] Preferably, the ions are one of ytterbium ions, calcium ions, and barium ions.

[0009] Preferably, the ion trap is one of a blade trap, a quadrupole trap, and a needle electrode trap.

[0010] Preferably, the spherical mirror is made of one of fused quartz, sapphire, ceramic, and stainless steel.

[0011] Preferably, the surface of the spherical mirror is coated with a reflective film for enhancing the reflection of fluorescence.

[0012] Preferably, the surface of the spherical mirror and the surface of the diffraction-limited aspherical lens facing the ion side are coated with indium tin oxide film for reducing charge accumulation.

[0013] The utility model can at least double the fluorescence collection efficiency of the ion trap without using an objective lens. For a quantum computing device, the utility model can significantly improve the accuracy and efficiency of quantum state detection, thereby improving the fidelity of qubit state reading, enhancing the coherence of qubits, improving the fidelity of quantum gate operations, and accelerating its quantum computing process, etc., which will contribute to realizing more accurate, reliable and efficient quantum computing. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Through the following description with reference to the drawings, the above objects and features of the utility model will become clearer.

[0015] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the ion trap device of the utility model is shown. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment

[0016] Next, embodiments of the utility model will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0017] Refer to Figure 1 , the ion trap device of the utility model at least includes an ion trap (not shown in the figure), a cavity 101, a planar window 102, a spherical mirror 103 and a diffraction-limited aspherical lens 104.

[0018] In Figure 1 the shown ion trap device, the cavity 101 is used to seal the ion trap; the planar window 102 is arranged on the side wall of the cavity 101; the spherical mirror 103 is arranged inside the cavity 101 and concave towards the planar window 102, the radius of curvature of the spherical mirror 103 is twice the focal length of the spherical mirror 103, and the ion 100 trapped in the ion trap is arranged at the center of curvature of the spherical mirror 103; the diffraction-limited aspherical lens 104 is arranged inside the cavity 101 on the side close to the planar window 102, wherein, the spherical mirror 103, the ion 100 and the diffraction-limited aspherical lens 104 are coaxially arranged. The coaxial arrangement can ensure that the collected fluorescence is transmitted along the same optical axis, optimize the focusing effect of the fluorescence, reduce the stray light in the optical path, improve the fluorescence collection efficiency and focusing quality, and achieve efficient photon collection.

[0019] In Figure 1In the illustrated ion trap device, the fluorescence emitted by the ions 100 trapped in the ion trap can be collected by the spherical mirror 103 on the left side and the diffraction-limited aspherical lens 104 on the right side respectively. Since the ions 100 trapped in the ion trap are arranged at the center of curvature of the spherical mirror 103, the fluorescence radiated by the ions 100 within the aperture range of the spherical mirror 103 on the left side can be reflected back to the ions 100 along the original path by the spherical mirror 103, and coincides with the fluorescence radiated within the aperture range of the diffraction-limited aspherical lens 104 on the right side. Together, they are collimated by the diffraction-limited aspherical lens 104 on the right side into parallel light perpendicular to the planar window 102, and then transmitted through the planar window 102 provided on the side wall of the cavity to a light detection device (not shown in the figure) for detection.

[0020] Therefore, by using the ion trap device provided by the present utility model, not only can the fluorescence emitted by the ions trapped in the ion trap towards the window side be collected, but also the fluorescence emitted by the ions towards the other side opposite to the window can be collected, so that the fluorescence collection efficiency of the ion trap is increased by at least two times. In addition, by using the ion trap device provided by the present utility model, the collected fluorescence can also be vertically incident into the planar window from inside the cavity, so as to minimize the optical loss caused by the refraction of the collected fluorescence when passing through the planar window, thereby further improving the fluorescence collection efficiency of the ion trap.

[0021] In Figure 1 In the illustrated ion trap device, the ion trap can be sealed in a cryogenic ultra-high vacuum environment inside the cavity. Such a vacuum environment helps to improve the performance, stability and application range of the ion trap.

[0022] In Figure 1 In the illustrated ion trap device, the ions 100 can radiate fluorescence into the surrounding space with equal probability at a 4π solid angle. This can ensure that the fluorescence signal can cover a very large angular range, further improving the fluorescence collection efficiency of the ion trap.

[0023] In Figure 1 In the illustrated ion trap device, the aperture of the spherical mirror 103 can be adapted to the aperture of the diffraction-limited aspherical lens 104 to reduce the loss of fluorescence during collection due to the mismatch of their apertures. For example, if the aperture of the spherical mirror is smaller than the aperture of the diffraction-limited aspherical lens, then some of the fluorescence emitted from the ions will not be captured by the spherical mirror, resulting in the loss of this fluorescence; conversely, if the aperture of the spherical mirror is too large and the aperture of the diffraction-limited aspherical lens is small, then even if the spherical mirror can capture more fluorescence, the diffraction-limited aspherical lens cannot focus and transmit all the fluorescence reflected by the spherical mirror, which will also cause optical loss.

[0024] In Figure 1In the illustrated ion trap device, the distance between the ion 100 and the diffraction-limited aspherical lens 104 can be set to the focal length of the diffraction-limited aspherical lens 104. This can ensure that the fluorescence is accurately focused by the diffraction-limited aspherical lens, avoiding the loss of part of the energy of the fluorescence due to scattering, diffraction, etc. during the collection process caused by the deviation of the distance between the two from the focal length.

[0025] In Figure 1 In the illustrated ion trap device, the ion 100 can be a ytterbium ion, a calcium ion, a barium ion, or other microparticles suitable for being trapped in the ion trap, and the present invention is not limited thereto. The ion trap for trapping the ion 100 can be a blade trap, a quadrupole trap, a needle electrode trap, or other types of ion traps, and the present invention is also not limited thereto.

[0026] In Figure 1 In the illustrated ion trap device, the spherical mirror 103 can be made of materials such as, but not limited to, fused quartz, sapphire, ceramic, and stainless steel. These materials each have their unique advantages. Fused quartz has high transparency and good ultraviolet transmittance, sapphire has high hardness and good thermal conductivity, ceramic materials have high purity and excellent ion storage capacity, and stainless steel has good stability and workability. The most suitable material can be selected according to the specific working environment requirements and conditions to prepare the spherical mirror.

[0027] In Figure 1 In the illustrated ion trap device, the surface of the spherical mirror 103 can be coated with a reflective film for enhancing the reflection of fluorescence to further improve the fluorescence collection efficiency of the ion trap. In addition, the surface of the spherical mirror 103 and the surface of the diffraction-limited aspherical lens 104 facing the ion 100 can also be coated with an indium tin oxide (ITO) film for reducing charge accumulation to reduce the influence of the accumulated charge on the fluorescence collection efficiency and quality. The accumulation of these accumulated charges on the surface of the spherical mirror can form an electrostatic field, which can interfere with the propagation of fluorescence photons, causing some fluorescence photons to be reflected, scattered, or absorbed, thereby reducing the fluorescence collection efficiency.

[0028] The ion trap device provided by the present utility model can be applied to a quantum computing device that uses an ion trap to achieve qubit storage and operation, so as to improve the fluorescence collection efficiency of the ion trap. For a quantum computing device, an improvement in fluorescence collection efficiency means that more fluorescence photons can be collected, thereby improving the accuracy and precision of qubit state reading. This is crucial for performing quantum gate operations, implementing quantum algorithms, and verifying quantum computing results. Additionally, an improvement in fluorescence collection efficiency also means that enough fluorescence photons can be collected in a shorter time to determine the state of a qubit. This can significantly accelerate the qubit reading speed and further improve the execution efficiency of quantum computing. Moreover, an improvement in fluorescence collection efficiency also helps to more accurately read the state of a qubit, thereby reducing the decrease in qubit fidelity caused by reading errors. High-fidelity qubits are the basis for performing high-precision quantum computing and quantum error correction.

[0029] Therefore, using a quantum computing device including the present utility model can more accurately read the state of a qubit, reduce errors, improve the accuracy and reliability of quantum computing, and promote the development of quantum computing applications.

[0030] Although the present utility model has been shown and described with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications and transformations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application as defined by the claims.

Claims

1. An ion trap device, characterized in that: include: Ion trap; A cavity, used to seal the ion trap; A plane window is arranged on the side wall of the cavity; A spherical reflector is arranged inside the cavity and concave toward the plane window, the radius of curvature of the spherical reflector is twice the focal length of the spherical reflector, and the ions trapped in the ion trap are arranged at the center of curvature of the spherical reflector; A diffraction-limited aspheric lens is arranged inside the cavity on one side close to the plane window. Wherein, the spherical reflector, the ions and the diffraction-limited aspheric lens are coaxially arranged.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The ions radiate fluorescence with equal probability into the surrounding space at a solid angle of 4π.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The aperture of the spherical reflector is adapted to the aperture of the diffraction-limited aspheric lens.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The distance between the ions and the diffraction-limited aspheric lens is the focal length of the diffraction-limited aspheric lens.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The ion trap includes at least one of a blade trap, a quadrupole trap and a needle trap.

6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The spherical reflector is made of one of fused quartz, sapphire, ceramic and stainless steel.

7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The surface of the spherical reflector is coated with a reflective film for enhancing reflection of fluorescent light.

8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The surface of the spherical reflector and the surface of the diffraction-limited aspherical lens facing the ions are plated with a tin-doped indium oxide film for reducing charge accumulation.

9. A quantum computing device, characterized in that An ion trap device comprising any one of claims 1-8.

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