Liquid cooling plate, battery module, battery system and electric vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to a power battery, in order to solve the problems of cooling of a battery cell of the power battery and smoke discharge during thermal runaway, the utility model provides a liquid cooling plate, a battery module, a battery system and an electric vehicle, the liquid cooling plate is in a square shape, and a liquid cooling flow channel and a flue which are not communicated with each other are arranged in the liquid cooling plate; a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet are formed in the positions, located at the two ends of the liquid cooling flow channel, of the top face of the liquid cooling plate respectively, a smoke outlet communicated with the flue is formed in the top face of the liquid cooling plate, and a plurality of smoke inlet holes communicated with the flue are formed in the bottom face of the liquid cooling plate. According to the utility model, the liquid cooling plate is also provided with the flue, and high-temperature flue gas particles sprayed out of the battery cells can be guided and discharged out of the module box body when the battery cells in the battery module are subjected to thermal runaway, so that the thermal runaway of the battery cells caused by the high-temperature flue gas particles is prevented from spreading to other battery cells.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a power battery, and more specifically, to a liquid cooling plate, a battery module, a battery system and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] An electric vehicle is powered by a battery system, and the battery system includes one or more battery boxes. A single battery box contains multiple battery modules.

[0003] During charging and discharging of the electric vehicle during operation, the battery cells will generate heat. If the temperature of the battery cells is too high, the battery performance will be reduced, and even thermal runaway of the battery cells may occur. For the heat generated by the battery during use, it is necessary to cool the battery cells to take away the heat generated by them to ensure the performance of the battery cells and reduce the occurrence of thermal runaway of the battery cells.

[0004] When a battery cell undergoes thermal runaway, high-temperature flue gas and solid particles will be ejected outward from its explosion-proof valve. In a battery module, if the high-position flue gas and solid particles cannot be discharged outside the battery box in time, the high-temperature flue gas and solid particles will increase the temperature of the battery cells in contact with them, ultimately leading to their thermal runaway, and thus the thermal runaway spreads to the entire battery module or even the entire battery system.

[0005] Therefore, in an electric vehicle, how to effectively cool the battery cells to reduce the occurrence of thermal runaway and at the same time effectively contain the spread of thermal runaway when an individual battery cell undergoes thermal runaway is Summary of the Utility Model

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is the cooling of the battery cells of the power battery and the containment of thermal runaway, and to provide a liquid cooling plate, a battery module, a battery system and an electric vehicle.

[0007] A liquid cooling plate of the utility model is in a square shape, and a liquid cooling flow channel and a flue are arranged inside it. A coolant inlet and an outlet corresponding to and communicating with both ends of the liquid cooling flow channel, and a smoke exhaust port communicating with the flue are arranged on the top surface of the liquid cooling plate, and a plurality of smoke inlet holes communicating with the flue are arranged on the bottom surface of the liquid cooling plate.

[0008] In the liquid cooling plate of the present utility model, the liquid cooling plate includes a substrate and a flow channel structure plate whose bottom surface is hermetically connected to the substrate in a fitting manner; on the bottom surface of the flow channel structure plate, there are liquid cooling grooves and flue grooves that jointly form the corresponding liquid cooling channels and flue channels with the substrate; the coolant inlet, outlet, and smoke exhaust port are arranged on the flow channel structure plate. Or the liquid cooling plate includes a substrate, a flow channel structure plate whose bottom surface is hermetically connected to the substrate in a fitting manner, and a flue cover plate; on the bottom surface of the flow channel structure plate, there are liquid cooling grooves that jointly form the liquid cooling channels with the substrate; on the top surface of the flow channel structure plate, there are flue grooves, and the flue cover plate is hermetically connected to the top surface of the flow channel structure plate and covers the notch of the flue groove; the smoke inlet hole is located at the bottom of the flue groove and penetrates through the substrate and the flow channel structure plate; the coolant inlet and outlet are arranged on the flow channel structure plate, and the smoke exhaust port is arranged on the flue cover plate.

[0009] In the liquid cooling plate of the present utility model, the smoke inlet holes are arranged longitudinally in a columnar shape, and on each side of the transverse direction of each smoke inlet hole, there is an electrode avoidance hole that penetrates the liquid cooling plate up and down, and a liquid cooling groove is arranged between adjacent columns of electrode avoidance holes and columns of smoke inlet holes, and two adjacent liquid cooling grooves are communicated with each other at one end of the groove.

[0010] In the liquid cooling plate of the present utility model, on one side of the liquid cooling groove adjacent to the corresponding electrode avoidance hole, there is a liquid cooling groove convex part that protrudes laterally towards the gap between two adjacent electrode avoidance holes.

[0011] In the liquid cooling plate of the present utility model, on one side of the liquid cooling groove away from the liquid cooling groove convex part, there is a liquid cooling groove concave part that is recessed laterally towards the liquid cooling groove convex part.

[0012] In the liquid cooling plate of the present utility model, there is more than one column of smoke inlet holes arranged, and the liquid cooling grooves are connected end to end at the ends, and the coolant inlet and outlet are arranged at both ends of the liquid cooling grooves connected end to end.

[0013] The technical solution for the present utility model to achieve its purpose is: a battery module, including a module box body, a module box cover arranged on the module box body, a plurality of battery cells arranged in the module box body, and in addition, including the aforementioned liquid cooling plate, the liquid cooling plate is in the module box body and is located on top of each battery cell, and each smoke inlet hole on the liquid cooling plate corresponds to and is communicated with the explosion-proof valve of each battery cell; each coolant inlet, outlet, and smoke exhaust port are all connected with connectors extending to the outside of the module box body.

[0014] The technical solution for the present utility model to achieve its purpose is: a battery system, which has a plurality of the aforementioned battery modules.

[0015] The technical solution for the present utility model to achieve its purpose is: an electric vehicle, which has the aforementioned battery system or has the aforementioned battery module.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, in the present utility model, the liquid cooling plate is further provided with a flue. When a thermal runaway occurs in the battery cells of the battery module, the high-temperature flue gas particles ejected from the battery cells can be guided out of the module box, thereby preventing the thermal runaway caused by the high-temperature flue gas particles from spreading to other battery cells. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the liquid cooling plate in Embodiment 1.

[0018] Figure 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of the liquid cooling plate in Embodiment 1.

[0019] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the flow channel structure plate in Embodiment 1.

[0020] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the substrate in Embodiment 1.

[0021] Figure 5 is a partial sectional view of the liquid cooling plate in Embodiment 1.

[0022] Figure 6 is a partially enlarged view of the flow channel structure plate in Embodiment 1.

[0023] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the liquid cooling plate in Embodiment 2.

[0024] Figure 8 is an exploded schematic diagram of the liquid cooling plate in Embodiment 2.

[0025] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the flow channel structure plate in Embodiment 2.

[0026] Figure 10 is a partial sectional view of the liquid cooling plate in Embodiment 2.

[0027] Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery module in Embodiment 3.

[0028] Figure 12 is an exploded view of the battery module in Embodiment 3.

[0029] Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery cell in Embodiment 3.

[0030] Figure 14 is a schematic installation structure diagram of the liquid cooling plate in the battery module in Embodiment 3.

[0031] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the electric vehicle in Embodiment 4.

[0032] Names and serial numbers of components in the figures:

[0033] Liquid cooling plate 100, liquid cooling channel 110, flue 120, electrode avoidance hole 130, liquid cooling joint 111, flue gas joint 121.

[0034] Substrate 10, smoke inlet hole 11, first electrode avoidance hole 12, first flue gas hole 13.

[0035] Flow channel structure plate 20, liquid cooling tank 21, flue tank 22, second electrode avoidance hole 23, coolant inlet 24, coolant outlet 25, smoke exhaust port 26, liquid cooling tank protrusion 27, liquid cooling tank depression 28, second flue gas hole 29.

[0036] Flue cover plate 30.

[0037] Battery module 200, module box body 210, module box cover 220, flue gas seal ring 250.

[0038] Cell 230, explosion-proof valve 231, cell positive electrode 232, cell negative electrode 233.

[0039] CCS integrated bus bar 240, information acquisition circuit board 241, bus bar 242, voltage acquisition chip 243.

[0040] Battery system 300, controller 400, motor 500. Specific implementation mode

[0041] The following describes the specific implementation plan with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] Embodiment 1.

[0043] Figures 1 to 6 The structure of the liquid cooling plate in Embodiment 1 is shown.

[0044] As Figure 1 shown, in this embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 100 is square in shape, and there are non-connected liquid cooling channels 110 and flue 120 inside it. A coolant inlet 24 and a coolant outlet 25 corresponding to the two ends of the liquid cooling channel 110 are provided on the top surface of the liquid cooling plate 100. A smoke exhaust port 26 communicating with the flue 120 is provided on the top surface of the liquid cooling plate 100. A plurality of smoke inlet holes 11 communicating with the flue 120 are provided on the bottom surface of the liquid cooling plate 100. Liquid cooling joints 111 are installed at both the coolant inlet 24 and the coolant outlet 25, and a flue gas joint 121 is installed at the smoke exhaust port 26.

[0045] As Figure 2 Figure 3As shown, the liquid cooling plate 100 includes a substrate 10 and a flow channel structure plate 20 whose bottom surface is hermetically connected to the substrate 10 in a fitting manner. Liquid cooling grooves 21 and flue grooves 22 are provided on the bottom surface of the flow channel structure plate 20, which together with the substrate 10 form corresponding liquid cooling channels 110 and flue channels 120. A coolant inlet 24, a coolant outlet 25, and a smoke exhaust port 26 are provided on the flow channel structure plate 20.

[0046] As Figure 4 shown, a smoke inlet hole 11 communicating with the flue channel 120 is provided on the substrate 10, and the smoke inlet holes 11 are arranged longitudinally in a columnar shape. Figure 4 There are two columns of smoke inlet holes 11 provided on the substrate 10 as shown in the figure. The smoke inlet holes 11 in the same column are arranged at equal intervals. As Figure 3 shown, corresponding to the two columns of smoke inlet holes 11, there are two flue grooves 22 on the flow channel structure plate 20, and a smoke exhaust port 26 is provided on each flue groove 22. When space permits, the two flue grooves can communicate with each other.

[0047] As Figure 4 shown, a first electrode avoidance hole 12 is provided on each side of each smoke inlet hole 11 in the transverse direction, and there are two columns of first electrode avoidance holes 12 on the substrate corresponding to one column of smoke inlet holes 11. There is a second electrode avoidance hole 23 on the flow channel structure plate 20 corresponding to each first electrode avoidance hole 12. When the flow channel structure plate 20 is connected to the substrate 10 in a fitting manner, the first electrode avoidance hole 12 and the second electrode avoidance hole 23 are coaxially aligned and connected to form an electrode avoidance hole 130 penetrating the liquid cooling plate.

[0048] Corresponding to one flue groove 22, two liquid cooling grooves 21 are arranged on the flow channel structure plate 20. The two liquid cooling grooves 21 are arranged on both sides in the transverse direction of the flue groove 22 and are connected to each other at one end, and the liquid cooling grooves 21 are located between the second electrode avoidance hole column and the flue groove 22. As Figure 3 shown, the four liquid cooling grooves 21 on the flow channel structure plate 20 are connected end to end in sequence, and the coolant inlet 24 and the coolant outlet 25 are respectively arranged at both ends of the liquid cooling grooves 21 after end-to-end connection.

[0049] In other embodiments, the smoke inlet holes 11 can also be one column, the corresponding flue channel 120 is one, the liquid cooling grooves 21 are two, the two liquid cooling channels 110 are connected at one end, and the coolant inlet 24 and the coolant outlet 25 are respectively arranged at the other ends of the two liquid cooling grooves.

[0050] As Figure 5As shown, the substrate 10 is a metal plate, facilitating heat transfer to absorb heat. The flow channel structure plate 20 is a metal plate, which forms a liquid cooling groove 21 and a flue groove 22 through stamping. The openings of the liquid cooling groove 21 and the flue groove 22 are located at the bottom surface of the flow channel structure plate 20 (the surface that fits with the substrate). After the flow channel structure plate 20 is hermetically connected to the substrate 10, the edges of the openings of the liquid cooling groove 21 and the flue groove 22 are in contact with the substrate 10 to be sealed, thereby forming a liquid cooling channel 110 and a flue 120. The first electrode avoidance hole 12 and the second electrode avoidance hole 23 are coaxially aligned and communicated to form an electrode avoidance hole 130 penetrating the liquid cooling plate.

[0051] As Figure 6 shown, on the side of the liquid cooling groove 21 adjacent to the corresponding second electrode avoidance hole 23, there is a liquid cooling groove protruding portion 27 protruding laterally towards the gap between two adjacent second electrode avoidance holes 23. The setting of the liquid cooling groove protruding portion 27 makes the liquid cooling channel 110 bend towards the gap between two adjacent second electrode avoidance holes 23, so that the area covered by the liquid cooling channel 110 on the substrate 10 is larger, facilitating better heat exchange between the coolant in the liquid cooling channel 110 and the substrate 10, thereby improving the cooling efficiency.

[0052] On the side of the liquid cooling groove 21 away from the liquid cooling groove protruding portion 27, there is a liquid cooling groove recessed portion 28 recessed laterally towards the liquid cooling groove protruding portion 27. The setting of the liquid cooling groove recessed portion 28 is used to change the flow direction of the coolant in the liquid cooling groove 21, so that the coolant flows towards the liquid cooling groove protruding portion 27 at this position, thereby making the coolant flow evenly everywhere in the liquid cooling channel 110.

[0053] In this embodiment, the flue 120 is integrated in the liquid cooling plate 100. The liquid cooling plate 100 is installed in the battery module 200. When the battery cell 230 has a thermal runaway and ejects high-temperature flue gas, the flue can guide the high-temperature flue gas to flow out of the battery module to avoid the spread of the thermal runaway of the battery cell. The flue is integrated in the liquid cooling plate, with a compact structure, facilitating layout and installation.

[0054] Embodiment Two.

[0055] Figures 7 to 10 Shows the structure of the liquid cooling plate 100 in Embodiment Two.

[0056] Compared with Embodiment One, as Figure 7 Figure 8 shown, the difference of the liquid cooling plate 100 in this embodiment is that in addition to the substrate 10 and the flow channel structure plate 20 whose bottom surface is hermetically connected to the substrate 10, the liquid cooling plate 100 further includes a flue cover plate 30.

[0057] As Figure 8As shown, a plurality of first flue gas holes 13 arranged longitudinally in columns are provided on the substrate 10. Corresponding to each first flue gas hole 13, a first electrode avoidance hole 12 is provided on each side of the substrate in the transverse direction of the first flue gas hole 13.

[0058] As Figure 9 shown, the flow channel structure plate 20 is a metal plate, and a liquid cooling groove 21 with a notch located at the bottom surface is formed by stamping. When the flow channel structure plate 20 is attached to the substrate 10, the liquid cooling groove 21 and the substrate 10 form a liquid cooling flow channel 110.

[0059] On the top surface of the flow channel structure plate 20, a flue groove 22 with an upward notch is formed at the position between two liquid cooling grooves 21 due to the upward protrusion of the liquid cooling grooves. The flue cover plate 30 is hermetically connected to the top surface of the flow channel structure plate 20 and covers the notch of the flue groove 22. The flue cover plate 30 and the flue groove 22 together form a flue 120, and a smoke exhaust port 26 is provided on the flue cover plate 30.

[0060] A plurality of second flue gas holes 29 are provided at the bottom of the flue groove 22. When the flow channel structure plate 20 is attached to the substrate 10, the second flue gas holes 29 correspond to and are coaxially aligned with the first flue gas holes 13 on the substrate 10, forming a smoke inlet hole 11 penetrating through the substrate 10 and the flow channel structure plate 20.

[0061] In this embodiment, the flue 120 is integrated in the liquid cooling plate 100. The liquid cooling plate 100 is installed in the battery module. When the battery cell has a thermal runaway and ejects high-temperature flue gas, the flue can guide the high-temperature flue gas out of the battery module to prevent the spread of the thermal runaway of the battery cell. The flue 120 is integrated in the liquid cooling plate, with a compact structure, which is convenient for layout and installation. In this embodiment, the flue 120 is composed of the flue groove 22 on the flow channel structure plate 20 and the flue cover plate 30. There is only the thickness of the flow channel structure plate 20 between the flue 120 and the liquid cooling flow channel 110. The liquid cooling groove and the flue groove are formed by stamping, with a simple structure and more convenient layout.

[0062] Embodiment Three.

[0063] Figures 11 to 14 Shows the structure of the battery module 200 in Embodiment Three.

[0064] As Figure 11 and Figure 12 shown, the battery module 200 includes a module box body 210, a module cover plate 220 cooperating with the module box body 210, a plurality of battery cells 230 installed in the module box body 210, a liquid cooling plate 100, and a CCS integrated bus bar 240.

[0065] As Figure 12 shown, two columns of battery cells 230 are arranged in the module box body 210 with the top surfaces of the battery cells 230 facing upward. As Figure 13As shown in the figure, an explosion-proof valve 231 is provided in the middle of the top surface of the battery cell 230. On both sides of the explosion-proof valve 231 are the positive electrode 232 and the negative electrode 233 of the battery cell respectively. When the battery cells 230 are arranged in the module box body 210, the explosion-proof valves 231 of the battery cells 230 are arranged in a columnar shape at equal intervals, and the positive electrode 232 and the negative electrode 233 of the battery cells also are each arranged in a columnar shape at equal intervals.

[0066] As Figure 12 shown in the figure, the liquid cooling plate 100 is installed on the top of each battery cell 230, and the CCS integrated busbar 240 is arranged on the liquid cooling plate 100.

[0067] As Figure 14 shown in the figure, the liquid cooling plate 100 is arranged on the top of the battery cell 230. The smoke inlet holes 11 at the bottom of the flue 120 are connected to the explosion-proof valves 231 on the battery cells 230 one by one. A flue sealing ring 250 is provided at the connection part. The flue 120 is communicated with the explosion-proof valves 231 of each battery cell 230 through the smoke inlet holes 11.

[0068] The CCS integrated busbar 240 includes an information acquisition circuit board 241, a busbar 242, and a voltage acquisition sheet 243. The information acquisition circuit board 241 and the busbar 242 are arranged above the liquid cooling plate 100. The positive electrode 232 and the negative electrode 233 of the battery cell each protrude upward through the electrode avoidance holes 130 on the liquid cooling plate 100. The busbar 242 is electrically connected to the positive electrode 232 and the negative electrode 233 of the battery cell to connect each battery cell 230 in series. The voltage acquisition sheet 243 is electrically connected to the information acquisition circuit board 241 and the busbar 242 to acquire the voltage data of each battery cell 230.

[0069] In this embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 100 is the liquid cooling plate 100 in Embodiment 2. In other embodiments, it may also be the liquid cooling plate 100 in Embodiment 1.

[0070] As Figure 11 shown in the figure, the liquid cooling joint 111 on the liquid cooling plate 100 extends to the outside of the module box body 210 and is connected to the battery cooling system. When the battery module 200 is charging and discharging, the battery cooling system delivers coolant to the liquid cooling plate 100 to cool the electromagnetic module. The flue gas joint 121 extends to the outside of the module box body 210. When a certain battery cell in the battery module 200 has a thermal runaway, the high-temperature flue gas of its spray valve is guided to the outside of the module box body to prevent the adjacent battery cells from being affected.

[0071] This embodiment also provides a battery system, and this battery system has at least one of the above battery modules.

[0072] Embodiment 4.

[0073] Figure 15 Shows the electric vehicle in Embodiment 4.

[0074] An electric vehicle, which includes a battery system 300, and the battery system 300 includes at least one battery module 200 in Embodiment 3. The electric vehicle can be a construction machine, such as a loader, an excavator, etc., or a road vehicle, such as a truck, a bus, etc.

[0075] As Figure 15 shown, the battery system 300 is electrically connected to the motor 500 through the controller 400 to provide driving power for the motor 500.

[0076] In the present utility model, the flue 120 is integrated in the liquid cooling plate 100, making the whole structure simple and convenient for layout and installation.

Claims

1. A liquid cooling plate, in a square shape, characterized in that: A liquid cooling channel and a flue are arranged inside it. A coolant inlet and outlet corresponding to the two ends of the liquid cooling channel and a smoke exhaust port connected to the flue are arranged on the top surface of the liquid cooling plate. A plurality of smoke inlet holes connected to the flue are arranged on the bottom surface of the liquid cooling plate.

2. The liquid cooling plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid cooling plate includes a base plate and a flow channel structural plate whose bottom surface is sealed and connected to the base plate; a liquid cooling groove and a flue groove which together with the base plate form corresponding to the liquid cooling flow channel and the flue are arranged on the bottom surface of the flow channel structural plate; a cooling liquid inlet and outlet and a smoke exhaust port are arranged on the flow channel structural plate.

3. The liquid cooling plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid cooling plate comprises a base plate, a flow channel structure plate whose bottom surface is fitted and sealed with the base plate, and a flue cover plate; a liquid cooling groove which together with the base plate forms the liquid cooling flow channel is arranged on the bottom surface of the flow channel structure plate; a flue groove is arranged on the top surface of the flow channel structure plate, and the flue cover plate is fitted and sealed with the top surface of the flow channel structure plate and covers the notch of the flue groove; The smoke inlet is located at the bottom of the flue groove and penetrates the base plate and the flow channel structural plate; the coolant inlet and outlet are arranged on the flow channel structural plate, and the smoke exhaust port is arranged on the flue cover plate.

4. The liquid cooling plate according to any one of claims 2 to 3, characterized in that: The smoke inlet holes are arranged longitudinally in a column shape, and an electrode avoidance hole that passes through the liquid cooling plate from top to bottom is provided on both sides of each smoke inlet hole in the horizontal direction. A liquid cooling groove is arranged between adjacent electrode avoidance hole columns and smoke inlet hole columns, and two adjacent liquid cooling grooves are connected to each other at one end of the groove.

5. The liquid cooling plate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The liquid cooling groove has a liquid cooling groove protrusion on one side adjacent to the corresponding electrode avoidance hole, which protrudes laterally toward the gap between the two adjacent electrode avoidance holes.

6. The liquid cooling plate according to claim 5, characterized in that: A side of the liquid cooling groove away from the liquid cooling groove protrusion has a liquid cooling groove recessed portion that is laterally recessed toward the liquid cooling groove protrusion.

7. The liquid cooling plate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The smoke inlet holes are arranged in more than one row, and the liquid cooling grooves are connected end to end at the ends, and the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet are arranged at both ends of the liquid cooling grooves connected end to end.

8. A battery module, comprising a module box, a module box cover arranged on the module box, and a plurality of battery cells arranged in the module box, characterized in that: It also includes a liquid cooling plate as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the liquid cooling plate is located in the module box and on the top of each battery cell, and each smoke inlet hole on the liquid cooling plate is connected to the explosion-proof valve of each battery cell; each coolant inlet and outlet and smoke exhaust port are connected to a connector extending to the outside of the module box.

9. A battery system, characterized in that: A plurality of battery modules as claimed in claim 8 are provided.

10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: A battery system as claimed in claim 9 or a plurality of battery modules as claimed in claim 8.

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