Power battery pack

Abstract

The utility model discloses a power battery pack and belongs to the technical field of battery packs. The power battery pack comprises a box body, an exhaust channel assembly and a pressure release valve, the box body is provided with a mounting cavity and an exhaust cavity which are adjacently arranged, multiple groups of battery cells are arranged in the mounting cavity, the exhaust cavity is located at one end of the box body in the length direction, the exhaust channel assembly is arranged in the exhaust cavity, and the pressure release valve is arranged in the box body. The pressure release valve is communicated with the exhaust channel assembly; the exhaust channel assembly comprises a main body, the main body is arranged in the exhaust cavity, multiple layers of partition plates are arranged below the main body in the gas exhaust direction, and the partition plates and the main body form multiple filtering cavities. Solid particulate matter sedimentation can be carried out on gas generated by thermal runaway through the multiple filtering cavities, it is guaranteed that gas reaching the position of the pressure release valve does not contain solid particulate matter basically, and it is guaranteed that the pressure release valve can exhaust gas normally; the problem that an existing pressure release valve is prone to being blocked by solid particles is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of battery packs, in particular to a power battery pack. Background Art

[0002] The statements herein only provide background art related to the utility model and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] The power battery pack is a core component of new energy vehicles. Heat is generated during the charging and discharging process of the battery. If the battery temperature rises rapidly under certain conditions and exceeds its designed safe operating range, thermal runaway will occur. When the battery pack undergoes thermal runaway, a large amount of gas is generated. Currently, in order to prevent the battery pack from exploding, a pressure relief valve is usually installed. When the air pressure in the battery pack is greater than the pressure relief threshold, the excess gas can be discharged through the pressure relief valve.

[0004] However, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cells inside the battery pack, not only gas is discharged, but also solid particles such as broken positive electrodes, negative electrodes, and diaphragms inside are discharged. These solid particles will be discharged to the outside of the battery pack through the pressure relief valve along with the gas. During the discharge process, these solid particles will block the exhaust holes of the pressure relief valve, resulting in poor exhaust and reducing the exhaust volume of the pressure relief valve. To solve this problem, a metal filter screen is usually added to the inner surface of the pressure relief valve to filter solid particles. Since the solid particles have an adsorption effect, they will cause the filter screen to be blocked, further affecting the exhaust volume of the pressure relief valve. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the embodiments of the utility model is to provide a power battery pack, which is designed with multiple filter chambers for filtering solid particles. When the solid particles pass through the filter chambers, they will remain at the bottom of the chambers. And relatively pure gas passes through the top of the chambers. Through layer-by-layer filtration, only a very small amount of particles will finally reach the pressure relief valve, ensuring that the pressure relief valve can exhaust normally during thermal runaway.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A power battery pack, comprising:

[0008] A box body, the box body has an adjacent installation cavity and an exhaust cavity, multiple groups of battery cells are arranged in the installation cavity, and the exhaust cavity is located at one end of the box body along the length direction;

[0009] An exhaust channel assembly, the exhaust channel assembly is arranged in the exhaust cavity;

[0010] A pressure relief valve, the pressure relief valve is arranged on the box body, and the pressure relief valve is communicated with the exhaust channel assembly;

[0011] Among them, the exhaust passage assembly includes a main body disposed in the exhaust cavity. A plurality of partition plates are arranged below the main body along the gas discharge direction, and the partition plates and the main body form a plurality of filter chambers.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, when a thermal runaway occurs in the battery cells in the battery pack, the airflow passes through the exhaust passage assembly, is multi-stage filtered through a plurality of filter chambers, and then enters the pressure relief valve, and is discharged to the outside of the battery pack through the pressure relief valve; so that the content of solid particles in the airflow entering the pressure relief valve is extremely small, avoiding affecting the exhaust performance of the pressure relief valve.

[0013] In some embodiments, a plurality of exhaust holes are formed in the upper part of the partition plate, and the plurality of exhaust holes are evenly distributed along the length direction of the partition plate.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the airflow uniformly enters the filter chamber through the exhaust holes on the partition plate.

[0015] In some embodiments, the aperture of the exhaust hole gradually decreases along the gas discharge direction.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the exhaust holes on the partition plate close to the battery cells are designed to be relatively large, and the exhaust holes on the partition plate close to the pressure relief valve are designed to be relatively small, thereby realizing the hierarchical filtration of solid particles and increasing the filtration efficiency.

[0017] In some embodiments, there is a certain distance between the top of the partition plate and the bottom surface of the main body.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, a gap is formed between the partition plate and the main body, and the gap is used as an exhaust hole for exhaust, simplifying the manufacturing process of the exhaust passage assembly.

[0019] In some embodiments, the partition plate is inclined, and the partition plate forms an angle along the width direction of the box body.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the partition plate is inclined at a certain angle towards the battery cells to increase the filtration performance.

[0021] In some embodiments, the main body includes a first plate body and a second plate body. The first plate body is horizontally arranged, and the second plate body is vertically arranged;

[0022] One end of the first plate body is connected to the inner side wall of the exhaust cavity, the other end of the first plate body is connected to one end of the second plate body, and the other end of the second plate body is connected to the bottom surface of the exhaust cavity.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, a main body with an L-shaped structure is formed to better connect with the exhaust cavity and the partition plate to form a plurality of filter chambers.

[0024] In some embodiments, the first plate body and the second plate body are of an integral structure.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the structural stability of the main body is improved.

[0026] In some embodiments, a plurality of heat insulation plates are arranged in the installation cavity, and the plurality of heat insulation plates are evenly distributed along the width direction of the installation cavity, and there is an installation space for the battery cells between adjacent heat insulation plates.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the heat transfer between adjacent battery cell groups is reduced.

[0028] In some embodiments, multiple groups of the battery cells are evenly distributed along the width direction of the installation cavity.

[0029] In some embodiments, any group of the battery cells includes a plurality of the battery cells, and the plurality of battery cells are evenly distributed along the length direction of the installation cavity.

[0030] The technical solutions provided by the present utility model at least have the following technical effects or advantages:

[0031] 1. For the technical solution provided by the present utility model, the exhaust passage is divided into multiple filtering chambers by using a partition plate. Based on the principle that solid particulate matter will sink during the exhaust process, the separation of solid particulate matter from the exhaust gas flow is realized, and hierarchical filtration is achieved by using multiple filtering chambers, so that the probability of solid particulate matter being discharged decreases exponentially, greatly improving the filtration efficiency.

[0032] 2. For the technical solution provided by the present utility model, the air inlet is relatively small, the gas flow rate is fast, and the gas flow rate slows down after entering the filtering chamber, which is beneficial to the sinking of solid particulate matter for separation. Thus, the gas passes through the upper part of the filtering chamber, and the particulate matter is deposited in the lower part.

[0033] 3. For the technical solution provided by the present utility model, when the partition plate is installed, the top can be inclined slightly towards the inside of the battery pack by a certain angle to improve the filtration performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification are used to provide a further understanding of the present utility model, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present utility model are used to explain the present utility model and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present utility model.

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0036] Figure 2 is an exploded structural diagram provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0037] Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0038] Figure 4 is a transverse sectional view provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0039] Figure 5 is an inner side view provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0040] Figure 6 is another inner side view provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0041] In the figure: 1. Exhaust passage assembly; 11. Main body; 12. Third partition; 121. Exhaust hole; 2. Box body; 3. Pressure relief valve; 4. Electric core.

[0042] The distances or dimensions between each part are exaggerated for showing the positions of each part, and the schematic diagram is only for illustration. Detailed implementation manners

[0043] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further illustration of the present utility model. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present utility model have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present utility model belongs.

[0044] Embodiment 1

[0045] The solid particles generated by the thermal runaway of the power battery pack will block the pressure relief valve 3 and affect its exhaust performance. To solve the above technical problems, the present utility model proposes a power battery pack that uses a filter chamber structure to achieve the step-by-step sinking and separation of solid particles.

[0046] Combined with Figures 1 - 5 , the power battery pack includes a box body 2, an exhaust passage assembly 1 and a pressure relief valve 3. The interior of the box body 2 has an adjacent installation cavity and an exhaust cavity along the same length direction. The installation cavity and the exhaust cavity are separated by an installation plate. The height of the installation plate is lower than the thickness of the box body 2 and the height of the electric core 4. That is to say, there is a gap between the installation plate and the upper cover plate of the box body 2; the installation cavity is used to place the electric core 4, the exhaust cavity is located at one end of the box body 2 along the length direction, the exhaust passage assembly 1 is installed in the exhaust cavity, the pressure relief valve 3 is installed on the box body 2, and the pressure relief valve 3 is communicated with the exhaust passage assembly 1. When the electric core 4 in the battery pack has a thermal runaway, the air flow enters the pressure relief valve 3 after being filtered by the exhaust passage assembly 1 and is discharged to the outside of the battery pack through the pressure relief valve 3.

[0047] As an implementation manner, the exhaust passage assembly 1 includes a main body 11. The main body 11 includes a horizontally arranged first plate body and a vertically arranged second plate body. One end of the first plate body is connected to the inner side wall of the exhaust cavity, the other end of the first plate body is connected to one end of the second plate body, and the other end of the second plate body is connected to the bottom surface of the exhaust cavity; one side edges of the first plate body and the second plate body are connected to the inner wall of the exhaust cavity (i.e., the side plate at the end of the box body 2 where the pressure relief valve 3 is installed). The first plate body and the second plate body form an L-shaped integral structure, and three partitions are vertically installed below the main body 11. For the convenience of description, they are respectively named the first partition, the second partition, and the third partition 12.

[0048] The first partition, the second partition, and the third partition 12 are equally spaced along the gas discharge direction. The first partition is located on the other side edge of the first plate body. Three filter chambers are formed between the first partition, the second partition, the third partition 12, and the main body 11. A plurality of exhaust holes 121 are formed at the tops of the first partition, the second partition, and the third partition 12, and the plurality of exhaust holes 121 are evenly distributed along the length direction of the partition. Here, the height and aperture of the exhaust holes 121 on each partition are equal to ensure uniform discharge of the air flow.

[0049] When the battery cell 4 is in thermal runaway, the generated air flow enters the exhaust cavity through the gap between the mounting plate and the box body 2. The air flow enters the first filter chamber through the first partition. In the first filter chamber, most of the particulate matter sinks under the action of gravity and cannot pass through the exhaust holes 121 of the second partition, but is deposited at the bottom of the first filter chamber. Similarly, when the air flow passes through each filter chamber, a part of the solid particulate matter will be deposited at the bottom of the filter chamber, without affecting the gas flow at the top of the chamber; thus, it can be ensured that the gas reaching the position of the pressure relief valve 3 basically does not carry solid particulate matter, ensuring that the pressure relief valve 3 can exhaust normally.

[0050] Furthermore, in order to reduce the heat transfer between the battery cells 4, three heat insulation plates are vertically installed along the length direction of the installation cavity in the installation cavity. The three heat insulation plates are evenly distributed along the width direction of the installation cavity. There is an installation space for the battery cells 4 between adjacent heat insulation plates and between the heat insulation plates and the installation cavity. A plurality of battery cells 4 are placed in the installation cavity along the length direction of the installation cavity.

[0051] Embodiment 2

[0052] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that since the first partition is close to the battery cell 4, the aperture of the exhaust holes 121 on the first partition is larger than the aperture of the exhaust holes 121 on the second partition, and the aperture of the exhaust holes 121 on the second partition is larger than the aperture of the exhaust holes 121 on the third partition 12; thus, the first partition close to the inside of the battery pack can filter out larger particulate matter, and the third partition 12 close to the pressure relief valve 3 can filter out smaller particulate matter, increasing the filtration efficiency and preventing the exhaust passage assembly 1 from being blocked.

[0053] Embodiment III

[0054] Combined with Figure 6 , the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment I is that in this embodiment, there is a certain gap between the first partition, the second partition and the third partition 12 and the upper bottom surface of the main body 11, which serves as a ventilation hole at the top of the partition, and the height of the gap gradually decreases along the gas discharge direction.

[0055] Using the gap between the partition and the main body 11 as a ventilation hole reduces the manufacturing process of the power battery pack.

[0056] Embodiment IV

[0057] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment I is that the first partition, the second partition and the third partition 12 are inclined at a certain angle towards the inside of the battery pack to increase the filtering performance.

[0058] Although the specific implementation manners of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not a limitation to the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that based on the technical solutions of the present invention, various modifications or deformations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative efforts are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power battery pack, characterized in that: include: A box body, the box body having a mounting cavity and an exhaust cavity arranged adjacent to each other, a plurality of groups of battery cells are arranged in the mounting cavity, and the exhaust cavity is located at one end of the box body along the length direction; An exhaust channel component, wherein the exhaust channel component is disposed in the exhaust cavity; A pressure relief valve, the pressure relief valve is arranged on the box body, and the pressure relief valve is communicated with the exhaust channel assembly; The exhaust channel assembly includes a main body, which is arranged in the exhaust cavity. A plurality of partitions are arranged below the main body along the gas exhaust direction, and the partitions and the main body form a plurality of filter chambers.

2. The power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of exhaust holes are provided on the upper portion of the partition, and the plurality of exhaust holes are evenly distributed along the length direction of the partition.

3. The power battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that: The aperture of the exhaust hole gradually decreases along the gas exhaust direction.

4. The power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a certain distance between the top of the partition and the bottom surface of the main body.

5. The power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition is arranged to be inclined, and the partition forms an angle along the width direction of the box body.

6. The power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body includes a first plate body and a second plate body, the first plate body is horizontally arranged, and the second plate body is vertically arranged; One end of the first plate is connected to the inner wall of the exhaust cavity, the other end of the first plate is connected to one end of the second plate, and the other end of the second plate is connected to the bottom surface of the exhaust cavity.

7. The power battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first plate body and the second plate body are an integral structure.

8. The power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of heat insulation boards are arranged in the installation cavity, and the plurality of heat insulation boards are evenly distributed along the width direction of the installation cavity, and there is installation space for the battery core between adjacent heat insulation boards.

9. The power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of groups of battery cells are evenly distributed along the width direction of the installation cavity.

10. The power battery pack according to claim 9, characterized in that: Any group of the battery cells includes a plurality of the battery cells, and the plurality of the battery cells are evenly distributed along the length direction of the installation cavity.

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