Rapid turn-off system and photovoltaic energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a rapid turn-off system and a photovoltaic energy storage system, and relates to the technical field of turn-off devices. The rapid turn-off system comprises a turn-off device and an emitter. Wherein the turn-off device is connected with the photovoltaic module and is used for performing turn-off control on the photovoltaic module; the emitter is connected with a power supply port in the energy storage inverter system so as to receive power supplied by an energy storage battery in the energy storage inverter system based on the power supply port, and the emitter is used for sending a control signal to the turn-off device. According to the rapid turn-off system, the power supply requirement of the emitter is still guaranteed in the power failure scene of the power grid, so that the energy conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved, the generating capacity of the photovoltaic module is improved, and the application scene of the rapid turn-off system is expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of disconnectors, and particularly to a fast shutdown system and a photovoltaic energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] A Rapid Shutdown System (RSS) is a safety function design mainly used to enhance the safety of a photovoltaic power generation system, especially for the protection of fire-fighting and emergency repair personnel. When the system needs maintenance or in an emergency situation such as a fire, the rapid shutdown system can quickly reduce the DC voltage of the photovoltaic array, so that the array voltage drops to a safe level within a limited time, allowing maintenance personnel to safely approach and handle the accident site without worrying about the risk brought by high voltage.

[0003] In related technologies, the transmitter device of the rapid shutdown system (RSS) usually obtains power from the grid side, and thus sends a shutdown instruction to the RSD (Rapid Shutdown Device) based on the detection data of the current transformer to achieve component-level shutdown and ensure the safe operation of other photovoltaic components and inverters. However, when the rapid shutdown system is applied to a photovoltaic energy storage system, if the grid side power outage causes the RSS transmitter to stop working, it will cause the photovoltaic module string to be unable to provide energy for the inverter, resulting in low energy conversion efficiency and low power generation of the photovoltaic modules, and the application scenario of the rapid shutdown system is relatively narrow.

[0004] In view of the above problems in related technologies, no effective solution has been proposed yet. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] A fast shutdown system and a photovoltaic energy storage system provided by an embodiment of the present utility model can at least solve the problem in related technologies that when the grid side power outage occurs, the fast shutdown system cannot work, resulting in the photovoltaic modules being unable to provide energy for the inverter, with low energy conversion efficiency, low power generation of the photovoltaic modules, and a relatively narrow application scenario of the fast shutdown system.

[0006] To solve the above problems, in one aspect of an embodiment of the present utility model, a fast shutdown system is provided, including a disconnector and a transmitter; wherein,

[0007] The disconnector is connected to the photovoltaic module and is used to perform shutdown control on the photovoltaic module;

[0008] The transmitter is connected to the power supply port in the energy storage inverter system to receive power from the energy storage battery in the energy storage inverter system based on the power supply port, and the transmitter is used to send a control signal to the disconnector.

[0009] In some of these embodiments, the number of disconnect switches is the same as the number of photovoltaic modules or the number of component strings corresponding to the photovoltaic modules.

[0010] In some of these embodiments, the rapid shutdown system is connected to string-type photovoltaic modules. In the string-type photovoltaic modules, multiple photovoltaic modules each connected to a disconnect switch are connected in series; wherein,

[0011] The negative output terminal of the first edge photovoltaic module is connected to the negative input terminal of the energy storage inverter system via the negative bus, and the positive output terminal of the first edge photovoltaic module is connected to the negative output terminal of an adjacent intermediate photovoltaic module;

[0012] The negative output terminal of the second edge photovoltaic module is connected to the positive output terminal of an adjacent intermediate photovoltaic module, and the positive output terminal of the second edge photovoltaic module is connected to the positive input terminal of the energy storage inverter system via the positive bus.

[0013] In some of these embodiments, the rapid shutdown system further includes a current transformer. The current transformer is disposed on the negative bus between the photovoltaic module and the energy storage inverter system and is configured to receive an electrical energy signal containing the output current value of the photovoltaic module sent by the disconnect switch via the negative bus; the current transformer is connected to the transmitter and is configured to send the electrical energy signal to the transmitter.

[0014] In some of these embodiments, the number of current transformers is multiple. Among the multiple current transformers: one current transformer is disposed on the negative bus, and the remaining current transformers are connected in series with the photovoltaic modules.

[0015] In some of these embodiments, the transmitter is further configured to receive power supply from the photovoltaic module or the power grid based on the power supply port.

[0016] In some of these embodiments, the rapid shutdown system further includes a backup power supply. The transmitter is connected to the power supply terminal of the backup power supply to receive power supply from the backup power supply.

[0017] To solve the above problems, one aspect of the embodiments of the present utility model provides a photovoltaic energy storage system, including a photovoltaic module, an energy storage inverter system, and any one of the above rapid shutdown systems; wherein,

[0018] The photovoltaic module is connected in series with the disconnect switch in the rapid shutdown system and is connected to the energy storage inverter system;

[0019] The transmitter in the rapid shutdown system is connected to the power supply port in the energy storage inverter system to receive power supply from the energy storage battery in the energy storage inverter system based on the power supply port. The transmitter is further configured to send a control signal to the disconnect switch.

[0020] In some of these embodiments, the energy storage inverter system is connected to the power grid, and the transmitter is further configured to receive power supply from the power grid based on the power supply port.

[0021] Advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model: By adopting a fast shutdown system including a disconnector and a transmitter; wherein, the disconnector is connected to the photovoltaic module and is used for controlling the shutdown of the photovoltaic module; the transmitter is connected to the power supply port in the energy storage inverter system to receive the power supply from the energy storage battery in the energy storage inverter system based on the power supply port, and the transmitter is used to send a control signal to the disconnector, overcoming the problem in the related art that since the transmitter of the fast shutdown system draws power from the grid side, when the grid side power outage occurs, the fast shutdown system cannot work, resulting in the photovoltaic module being unable to supply energy to the inverter, with low energy conversion efficiency, low power generation of the photovoltaic module, and narrow application scenarios of the fast shutdown system. Based on the above fast shutdown system, it is realized that the transmitter of the fast shutdown system is powered by the energy storage battery through the power supply port of the energy storage inverter system. Even when the grid side power outage occurs, the normal operation of the transmitter can be ensured, the energy conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved, the power generation of the photovoltaic module is increased, and the technical effect of expanding the application scenarios of the fast shutdown system is achieved.

[0022] Details of one or more embodiments of the present utility model are presented in the following drawings and description to make other features, objectives, and advantages of the present utility model more concise and understandable. Description of the Drawings

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following described drawings are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a circuit topology schematic diagram of a fast shutdown system according to an embodiment of the embodiments of the present utility model.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a circuit topology schematic diagram of a fast shutdown system according to another embodiment of the embodiments of the present utility model. Detailed Embodiments

[0026] Embodiments of the present utility model will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although some embodiments of the present utility model are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present utility model can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to more thoroughly and completely understand the present utility model. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present utility model are only for exemplary purposes and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] The transmitter device of the Rapid Shutdown System (RSS) is responsible for generating and sending control signals to trigger the system to enter the safe mode. When an external shutdown command (such as a signal from a fire alarm system or a manual control device) is received, the transmitter immediately sends a shutdown instruction to the disconnect device connected to each component in the photovoltaic array, causing the disconnect device to quickly disconnect the circuit and stop the current flow, thereby reducing the output voltage of the photovoltaic module to a safe level. In the related art, the transmitter usually obtains power from the grid side, and based on the detection data of the current transformer, sends a shutdown instruction to the RSD to achieve component-level shutdown and ensure the safe operation of other photovoltaic modules and inverters. However, when the rapid shutdown system is applied to a photovoltaic energy storage system, if the power outage on the grid side causes the RSS transmitter to stop working, it will result in the photovoltaic module string being unable to provide energy for the inverter, with low energy conversion efficiency and low power generation of the photovoltaic module, resulting in a narrow application scenario for the rapid shutdown system.

[0028] To solve the above problems, embodiments of the present utility model provide a rapid shutdown system, as Figure 1 shown. The rapid shutdown system mainly includes: a disconnect device and a transmitter; wherein, the disconnect device is connected to the photovoltaic module and is used to perform shutdown control on the photovoltaic module; the transmitter is connected to the power supply port in the energy storage inverter system to receive power from the energy storage battery in the energy storage inverter system based on the power supply port, and the transmitter is used to send a control signal to the disconnect device.

[0029] Among them, in the rapid shutdown system RSS provided by the embodiments of the present utility model, the shut-off device is directly connected to the photovoltaic module. Its main responsibility is to quickly reduce the output voltage and current passing through the photovoltaic module to a safe level (usually the voltage is reduced to about 1V or lower) when receiving a shutdown instruction. Wireless remote communication is achieved between the transmitter and the shut-off device. Based on the power data including the output voltage of the photovoltaic module sent by the shut-off device, the transmitter can generate a shutdown instruction and send the shutdown control instruction to the corresponding shut-off device. In the above rapid shutdown system RSS, by connecting the transmitter to the power supply port of the energy storage inverter system and taking the transmitter as a load of the energy storage inverter, power is supplied to the transmitter through the energy storage battery in the energy storage inverter system, so that even when there is a power outage on the grid side or the power supply on the grid side is unstable, the transmitter can still operate using the energy provided by the energy storage battery. This avoids the impact of grid power outage on the operation of the transmitter and the shut-off device.

[0030] As Figure 1 shown, taking the transmitter as a load of the energy storage inverter, the energy storage inverter system can convert the direct current input from the photovoltaic module or the direct current input from the energy storage battery into alternating current and then transmit it to the RSS transmitter via the EPS (Emergency Power Supply, emergency power supply system) power supply port through EPS_L (live wire) and EPS_N (neutral wire) to ensure the power consumption requirements of the RSS transmitter when there is a power outage on the grid side.

[0031] Based on the above rapid shutdown system, it is ensured that even when there is no mains input, the rapid shutdown system can still work normally, thus ensuring that the photovoltaic module can generate electricity normally. During the power generation period of the photovoltaic module, the above rapid shutdown system can ensure that the voltage and current of the photovoltaic module are quickly reduced to a safe level when necessary. Through the above settings, the maximization of the utilization of solar energy resources is achieved on the premise of ensuring the safety of the photovoltaic module and the inverter, improving the overall energy conversion efficiency and actual power generation. And when there is a power outage or a fault on the grid side, the inverter can switch to the off-grid mode and store the power input from the photovoltaic module into the energy storage battery, enabling the rapid shutdown system to also have good application prospects in the energy storage inverter, achieving the effect of expanding the application scenarios of the rapid shutdown system.

[0032] In some of the embodiments, the number of shut-off devices is the same as the number of photovoltaic modules or the number of component strings corresponding to the photovoltaic modules.

[0033] With the above settings, the fast shutdown system provided by the embodiments of the present utility model can achieve string-level shutdown and component-level shutdown based on the setting of the number of disconnect switches. Specifically, when a disconnect switch is equipped for each photovoltaic module, component-level fast shutdown can be achieved, which means that when the system needs to be shut down, the output of each photovoltaic module can be accurately controlled with the finest granularity, and the voltages of all photovoltaic modules can be quickly reduced to a safe level. Among them, string-level shutdown can reduce the component cost required for the fast shutdown system, while component-level shutdown can provide more refined control capabilities, greatly enhancing the safety of the system in emergency situations.

[0034] In some of these embodiments, the fast shutdown system is connected to string-type photovoltaic modules. In the string-type photovoltaic modules, multiple photovoltaic modules respectively connected with disconnect switches are connected in series; among them, the negative output terminal of the first edge photovoltaic module is connected to the negative input terminal of the energy storage inverter system via the negative bus, and the positive output terminal of the first edge photovoltaic module is connected to the negative output terminal of an adjacent intermediate photovoltaic module; the negative output terminal of the second edge photovoltaic module is connected to the positive output terminal of an adjacent intermediate photovoltaic module, and the positive output terminal of the second edge photovoltaic module is connected to the positive input terminal of the energy storage inverter system via the positive bus.

[0035] Based on the above settings, when the photovoltaic system needs maintenance or a certain part fails, the component-level shutdown capability allows the staff to isolate the problem component separately for inspection or replacement without shutting down the entire photovoltaic array, which not only reduces the downtime but also simplifies the maintenance process, improving the availability and maintenance efficiency of the system. In addition, in the case of uneven light conditions or partial shading of some components, although the component-level shutdown system does not directly improve the power generation efficiency, it can cooperate with the intelligent monitoring system to more finely manage the output of each component, avoiding the impact of individual component problems on the performance of the entire string, and indirectly contributing to maintaining or optimizing the overall power generation efficiency of the system. At the same time, this design also increases the flexibility of the system configuration, facilitating future expansion or transformation.

[0036] In some of these embodiments, the fast shutdown system further includes a current transformer, where the current transformer is disposed on the negative bus between the photovoltaic module and the energy storage inverter system and is used to receive the electrical energy signal containing the output current value of the photovoltaic module sent by the disconnect switch via the negative bus; the current transformer is connected to the transmitter and is used to send the electrical energy signal to the transmitter.

[0037] As Figure 2As shown in the figure, the embodiment of the present utility model also provides a fast shutdown system including a disconnector, a current transformer, and a transmitter. Among them, the current transformer is arranged on the negative bus connecting the photovoltaic module and the energy storage inverter system. The disconnector sends an electrical energy signal containing the output current value of the photovoltaic module to the current transformer based on the negative bus, and the current transformer then sends the electrical energy signal to the transmitter. The control command generated by the transmitter based on the electrical energy signal can be sent to the corresponding disconnector via the negative bus again. Based on the above settings, the transmitter and the disconnector can implement PLC (Power Line Communication), use the power line for data transmission and control, improve the system integration and space utilization rate; PLC communication can effectively resist the noise and interference on the power line, ensure the accurate transmission of data, and PLC communication can also achieve long-distance transmission and has a high response speed.

[0038] In some of these embodiments, the number of current transformers is multiple. Among the multiple current transformers: one current transformer is arranged on the negative busbar, and the remaining current transformers are connected in series with the photovoltaic modules.

[0039] By arranging the current transformer on the negative bus, the total output current of the entire photovoltaic array can be monitored, which helps to evaluate the overall performance and power quality of the photovoltaic system. And the remaining current transformers connected in series with each photovoltaic module respectively provide more detailed current monitoring, which can accurately identify the current anomalies of any single or partial components, such as the current drop caused by shading, aging or damage, which helps to quickly locate the fault point and realize refined management and maintenance. Based on the above settings, component-level current monitoring is realized, which can timely detect potential overcurrent situations, prevent the fire risk caused by excessive current, and improve the system safety. At the same time, through continuous analysis of the current data, the health status and performance degradation trend of the components can be predicted, preventive maintenance can be implemented, and the service life of the photovoltaic system can be extended.

[0040] On the other hand, the component-level current monitoring data can help the system to perform dynamic adjustment. For example, when the efficiency of some components decreases due to shading and other reasons, the output of other components can be adjusted through the intelligent inverter to maintain the efficient operation of the entire system. This optimization can improve the overall energy conversion efficiency and power generation.

[0041] According to a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present utility model, as the scale of the photovoltaic system expands or the structure is adjusted, the position of the current transformer can be added or adjusted to ensure that the newly added components can also be effectively monitored, providing a basis for the scalability and flexibility of the system.

[0042] In some of these embodiments, the transmitter is also used to receive power supply from the photovoltaic module or the power grid based on the power supply port.

[0043] The above embodiments achieve redundant setting of the power supply for the transmitter, that is, the transmitter can be powered by the grid side, the energy storage battery, or the photovoltaic module. In the event of a grid fault or power outage, the energy storage battery can seamlessly take over and provide uninterrupted power supply for the transmitter; when the energy storage battery has insufficient power, the grid side can supply power to the transmitter, thus ensuring that the fast shutdown system is always on standby, capable of promptly responding and executing safety operations, and improving the reliability and safety of the entire photovoltaic system. In practical applications, the most economical power supply source can be flexibly selected according to factors such as grid electricity price and the power status of the energy storage battery. For example, the energy storage battery can be used to power the transmitter at night or during peak electricity price periods, effectively utilizing resources and reducing costs.

[0044] In some of these embodiments, the fast shutdown system further includes a backup power supply, and the transmitter is connected to the power supply terminal of the backup power supply to receive power supply from the backup power supply.

[0045] The presence of the backup power supply ensures that even during a failure or maintenance of the main power supply (such as the grid or the energy storage battery), the transmitter can still obtain a stable power supply, thereby enabling continuous monitoring of the system status and immediately sending a fast shutdown command when needed, avoiding safety risks caused by power interruption. Further, the backup power supply can be designed for fast switching and can seamlessly take over from the main power supply within milliseconds, minimizing potential harm or damage through immediate response. In a photovoltaic system where safety is of utmost importance, the setting of the backup power supply is an additional safeguard for the fast shutdown system, enhancing the system's ability to handle extreme situations.

[0046] The above fast shutdown system provided by the embodiments of the present utility model adopts a fast shutdown system including a shutdown device and a transmitter. Among them, the shutdown device is connected to the photovoltaic module for shutdown control of the photovoltaic module; the transmitter is connected to the power supply port in the energy storage inverter system to receive power supply from the energy storage battery in the energy storage inverter system, and the transmitter is used to send a control signal to the shutdown device. It overcomes the problems in the related art that since the transmitter of the fast shutdown system draws power from the grid side, when the grid side has a power outage, the fast shutdown system cannot work, resulting in the photovoltaic module being unable to supply energy to the inverter, with low energy conversion efficiency, low power generation of the photovoltaic module, and a narrow application scenario of the fast shutdown system. Based on the above fast shutdown system, power is supplied to the transmitter of the fast shutdown system through the energy storage battery based on the power supply port of the energy storage inverter system. Even when the grid side has a power outage, the normal operation of the transmitter can be guaranteed, the energy conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved, the power generation of the photovoltaic module is increased, and the technical effect of expanding the application scenario of the fast shutdown system is achieved.

[0047] The embodiments of the present utility model also provide a photovoltaic energy storage system, as Figure 2As shown in the figure, the photovoltaic energy storage system includes: a photovoltaic module, an energy storage inverter system, and any one of the above-mentioned fast shutdown systems; wherein, the photovoltaic module is connected in series with the disconnector in the fast shutdown system and is connected to the energy storage inverter system; the transmitter in the fast shutdown system is connected to the power supply port in the energy storage inverter system to receive the power supply of the energy storage battery in the energy storage inverter system based on the power supply port, and the transmitter is further configured to send a control signal to the disconnector.

[0048] Based on the above photovoltaic energy storage system, by integrating the above fast shutdown system between the photovoltaic module and the energy storage inverter system, especially the design that can achieve component-level shutdown, the voltage of the photovoltaic array can be immediately reduced to a safe level in case of an emergency, significantly reducing the risk of accidents such as fires and protecting the safety of personnel and property.

[0049] In some of the embodiments, the fast shutdown system further includes a current transformer, wherein the current transformer is disposed on the negative bus between the photovoltaic module and the energy storage inverter system for receiving the electrical energy signal containing the output current value of the photovoltaic module sent by the disconnector via the negative bus; the current transformer is connected to the transmitter for sending the electrical energy signal to the transmitter.

[0050] Among them, the setting of the current transformer can monitor the current value of the photovoltaic module in real time, which not only helps system maintenance and fault troubleshooting, but also provides a data basis for intelligent scheduling and power management, improving the response speed and reliability of the system. Further, the component-level current monitoring enables the system to adapt to light changes faster and optimize energy output. The direct connection between the transmitter and the energy storage battery ensures that the fast shutdown system can still operate even in the case of grid faults or at night without external power supply, enabling the photovoltaic module to continuously input electrical energy to the energy storage inverter, and temporarily storing or immediately feeding back to the grid through the energy storage system, improving the overall utilization rate of energy and the self-sufficiency ability of the system.

[0051] The above design of the photovoltaic energy storage system integrates photovoltaic modules, energy storage, and intelligent control, forming a highly integrated and intelligent microgrid system. This design facilitates the adoption of advanced energy management software to achieve remote monitoring, data analysis, and automatic optimization, improving the intelligent level and operation and maintenance efficiency of the system.

[0052] In some of the embodiments, the energy storage inverter system is connected to the grid, and the transmitter is further configured to receive the power supply of the grid based on the power supply port.

[0053] Through the above settings, a redundant setting for the power supply of the transmitter is achieved. That is, either the energy storage battery or the photovoltaic module can supply power to the transmitter via the power supply port of the energy storage inverter system, or the power grid side can supply power to the transmitter. When the power of the energy storage battery is insufficient, the power grid side can supply power to the transmitter, thereby ensuring that the fast shutdown system is always in a standby state, can respond and execute safety operations in a timely manner, and improves the reliability and safety of the entire photovoltaic system.

[0054] It should be noted that the term "including" and its variants used in the embodiments of the present invention are open-ended, that is, "including but not limited to". The term "based on" is "at least partially based on". The term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments". The modifications of "one" and "multiple" mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention are illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that unless clearly specified otherwise in the context, it should be understood as "one or more".

[0055] The term "embodiment" in this specification means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The phrase appears in various positions in the specification does not necessarily mean the same embodiment, nor does it mean being independent or alternative to other embodiments and mutually exclusive. The various embodiments in this specification are described in a related manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments are referred to each other. In particular, for device, equipment, and system embodiments, since they are basically similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts refer to the partial description of the method embodiments.

[0056] The above-described embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present invention. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A rapid shutdown system, characterized in that: It includes a shut-off device and a transmitter; wherein, The switch is connected to the photovoltaic assembly and is used to control the photovoltaic assembly to be switched off; The transmitter is connected to a power supply port in the energy storage inverter system to receive power from an energy storage battery in the energy storage inverter system based on the power supply port. The transmitter is used to send a control signal to the switch.

2. The rapid shutdown system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the circuit breakers is consistent with the number of the photovoltaic components, or is consistent with the number of component strings corresponding to the photovoltaic components.

3. The rapid shutdown system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rapid shutdown system is connected to a string photovoltaic assembly, in which a plurality of photovoltaic assemblies respectively connected to the shut-off devices are connected in series; wherein, The negative output terminal of the first edge photovoltaic assembly is connected to the negative input terminal of the energy storage inverter system via a negative bus, and the positive output terminal of the first edge photovoltaic assembly is connected to the negative output terminal of an adjacent middle photovoltaic assembly; The negative output terminal of the second edge photovoltaic assembly is connected to the positive output terminal of an adjacent middle photovoltaic assembly, and the positive output terminal of the second edge photovoltaic assembly is connected to the positive input terminal of the energy storage inverter system via a positive bus.

4. The rapid shutdown system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rapid shutdown system also includes a mutual inductor, wherein the mutual inductor is arranged on the negative bus between the photovoltaic component and the energy storage inverter system, and is used to receive the electric energy signal containing the output current value of the photovoltaic component sent by the shutdown device via the negative bus; the mutual inductor is connected to the transmitter, and is used to send the electric energy signal to the transmitter.

5. The rapid shutdown system according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are multiple mutual inductors, and among the multiple mutual inductors: one mutual inductor is arranged on the negative bus, and the remaining mutual inductors are connected in series with the photovoltaic components.

6. The rapid shutdown system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmitter is further configured to receive power from the photovoltaic assembly or a power grid based on the power supply port.

7. The rapid shutdown system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rapid shutdown system also includes a backup power supply, and the transmitter is connected to a power supply end of the backup power supply to receive power from the backup power supply.

8. A photovoltaic energy storage system, characterized in that: It comprises a photovoltaic module, an energy storage inverter system and a rapid shutdown system as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; wherein: The photovoltaic assembly is connected in series with the switch in the rapid shutdown system and is connected with the energy storage inverter system; The transmitter in the fast shutdown system is connected to the power supply port in the energy storage inverter system to receive power from the energy storage battery in the energy storage inverter system based on the power supply port. The transmitter is also used to send a control signal to the switch.

9. The photovoltaic energy storage system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The energy storage inverter system is connected to a power grid, and the transmitter is further used to receive power from the power grid based on the power supply port.

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