X-direction guide rail mechanism of machine tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanical machine tools, in particular to an X-direction guide rail mechanism of a machine tool, which comprises a cross beam, a damping mechanism, a bearing mechanism, a limiting mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a fastening mechanism, a fixing mechanism and a turning and milling mechanism. The vibration attenuation through holes increase the propagation path of vibration, so that energy loss is increased, and the propagation efficiency of vibration is reduced. The vibration reduction mechanism reduces vibration caused by operation of the turning and milling mechanism so as to improve the workpiece machining accuracy of the turning and milling mechanism. The vibration reduction through holes are further used for reducing the X-direction guide rail mechanism of the machine tool, so that the moving difficulty of the machine tool is reduced, the portability of the machine tool is improved, and the operation efficiency of the X-direction guide rail mechanism is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of machine tools, in particular to an X-direction guide rail mechanism of a machine tool. Background Technique

[0002] Vertical multi-axis composite machine tools can complete machining processes such as turning, milling, and drilling of complex parts in one clamping, and can realize milling of complex curved surfaces through multi-axis linkage.

[0003] Vertical multi-axis composite machine tools can perform complex machining operations on multiple axes. In a vertical multi-axis composite machine tool, the X-direction guide rail mechanism plays an important role. The X-direction guide rail mechanism enables the workpiece or tool to be accurately positioned and moved in the X-axis direction. This allows the machine tool to perform operations such as cutting, ·, and drilling in the horizontal direction, thereby completing the all-round machining of the workpiece. Through the movement of the X-direction guide rail mechanism, the machine tool can machine a larger range of workpieces.

[0004] Chinese Patent Publication No.: CN 215847292 U discloses a multi-functional combined machine tool, including a machine tool chassis, a workbench, a first driving device, a machine frame, a moving plate, a second driving device, a mounting seat, and a third driving device; the workbench is arranged on the top of the machine tool chassis, and the first driving device is used to drive the workbench to move back and forth along the machine tool chassis; the machine frame is installed on the top of the machine tool chassis, and the machine frame is located behind the workbench; the moving plate is movably installed on the front side of the machine frame, and the second driving device is used to drive the moving plate to move left and right along the machine frame; the mounting seat is movably installed on the moving plate, and the third driving device is used to drive the mounting seat to move up and down along the moving plate, and different tools can be replaced on the mounting seat; it can be seen that the above technical solution has the following problems: the influence of additional devices for self-checking on the X-direction guide rail mechanism on the machining accuracy of the machine tool is not considered, which in turn affects the machining efficiency of the machine tool. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] Therefore, the utility model provides an X-direction guide rail mechanism of a machine tool to overcome the problem that in the prior art, the influence of additional devices for self-checking on the X-direction guide rail mechanism on the machining accuracy of the machine tool is not considered, which in turn affects the machining efficiency of the machine tool.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides an X-direction guide rail mechanism of a machine tool, including:

[0007] Cross beam,

[0008] A vibration damping mechanism, which includes a plurality of vibration damping through holes opened on the side surface of the cross beam for reducing vibration caused by milling;

[0009] A bearing mechanism, which includes a plurality of recesses opened in parallel on one side of the cross beam for providing an installation space;

[0010] A limiting mechanism, which includes a number of protruding parts arranged at intervals with respect to each recessed part, and each protruding part is provided with an X-direction slide rail for limiting.

[0011] A transmission mechanism, which includes an X-direction lead screw arranged in the recessed part and a transmission motor connected to the X-direction lead screw for controlling the rotation of the X-direction lead screw.

[0012] A fastening mechanism, a number of screw installation positions arranged in each recessed part for fixing the transmission motor.

[0013] A fixing mechanism, which includes a first fixing part and a second fixing part symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the cross beam.

[0014] A turning and milling mechanism, which includes a moving plate and a number of X-direction saddle slides arranged on one side of the moving plate, and each X-direction saddle slide is correspondingly connected to each of the X-direction slide rails.

[0015] A tool changing mechanism, which is located on one side of the upper part of the cross beam and includes a tool magazine for automatically changing tools.

[0016] Further, the turning and milling mechanism further includes,

[0017] A tool spindle, which is arranged on the side of the moving plate away from each X-direction saddle slide for controlling the tool to process the workpiece.

[0018] The tool magazine and the tool spindle are located on the same side of the cross beam.

[0019] Further, the fixing mechanism further includes,

[0020] A fixing connection plate, which is located between the fixing parts for improving the stability of the cross beam.

[0021] A number of connecting installation holes, each of which is opened on the fixing connection plate.

[0022] Each fixing part is a protruding mounting seat located on the left and right sides below the cross beam.

[0023] Further, the number of the recessed parts is two, and an X-direction lead screw is arranged in each recessed part, and each screw installation position is respectively arranged on the left and right sides of each recessed part.

[0024] Further, two first longitudinal guide rails and two second longitudinal guide rails are arranged in parallel in sequence from left to right on the side of the moving plate away from each X-direction saddle slide;

[0025] A first longitudinal saddle slide is arranged on each first longitudinal guide rail;

[0026] A second longitudinal saddle slide is arranged on each second longitudinal guide rail.

[0027] Further, a turntable for rotating in the y-axis direction is installed on the first longitudinal saddle, and the rotating shaft of the turntable is connected to the tool spindle;

[0028] A rotary tool turret for automatic tool change is installed on the second longitudinal saddle.

[0029] Further, the limiting mechanism further includes

[0030] a plurality of sliding blocks, each sliding block is arranged on the corresponding X-direction slide rail to cooperate with each of the X-direction saddles to control the movement of the moving plate;

[0031] The number of X-direction slide rails is three. The three X-direction slide rails are installed in the same installation plane, and the distance between the two lower X-direction slide rails is smaller than the distance between the two upper linear guide rails.

[0032] Further, a plurality of lifting rings are symmetrically arranged on the top of the cross beam to facilitate the movement of the cross beam;

[0033] A linear grating ruler for measuring the real-time position of the X-direction saddle is further provided on the front side of the top of the cross beam.

[0034] Further, each fixing part includes

[0035] a plurality of fixing and mounting holes arranged at the bottom of the fixing part;

[0036] Fixing protrusions for improving the stability of the cross beam are provided at the bottom of each fixing part.

[0037] Further, a gasket for adjusting the vertical angle is provided at the connection between the X-direction saddle and the sliding block.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: through a plurality of vibration damping through holes opened in the vibration damping mechanism, the cross beam contains a plurality of holes or voids. The vibration damping through holes increase the propagation path of vibration, thereby increasing the dissipation of energy and reducing the vibration propagation efficiency. The vibration damping mechanism reduces the vibration caused by the operation of the turning and milling mechanism to improve the machining accuracy of the turning and milling mechanism for workpieces. Each vibration damping through hole is also used to reduce the X-direction guide rail mechanism of the machine tool, so as to reduce the difficulty of moving the machine tool and improve the portability of the machine tool, and further improve the operation efficiency of the X-direction guide rail mechanism.

[0039] Further, the cross beam can complete the assembly of various devices through the bearing mechanism to improve the diversity of functions of the X-direction guide rail mechanism, thereby improving the processing efficiency.

[0040] Further, by setting the fixing connection plate and a plurality of connection and mounting holes, the fixing mechanism effectively improves the stability of the cross beam, thereby reducing the counterweight of the machine tool and increasing the portability of the machine tool.

[0041] Further, when the transmission mechanism controls the moving plate to move to the corresponding position, the distance measuring sensor obtains the distance between it and the edge of the moving plate, so as to realize the self-inspection of the operating condition of the moving plate through the comparison of the distances, meet the processing requirements of fine parts, and improve the processing accuracy of the machine tool.

[0042] Further, through a number of lifting rings symmetrically arranged on the top of the cross beam, it is convenient to move the cross beam and increases the portability of the machine tool Description of the Drawings

[0043] Figure 1 It is the front view of the cross beam of the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0044] Figure 2 It is the side view of the cross beam of the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0045] Figure 3 It is the top view of the cross beam of the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0046] Figure 4 It is the front view of the turning and milling mechanism of the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0047] In the figure: 1. Cross beam; 21. Vibration damping through hole; 32. Concave part; 41. Convex part; 42. X-direction slide rail; 43. Slide block; 51. X-direction lead screw; 52. Transmission motor; 61. Lead screw installation position; 71. First fixing part; 72. Second fixing part; 73. Fixed installation hole; 74. Fixed connecting plate; 81. Lifting ring; 91. Moving plate; 92. Tool spindle; 93. Tool magazine; 94. First longitudinal guide rail; 95. Second longitudinal guide rail; 96. Turntable; 97. Rotary tool turret. Detailed Embodiment

[0048] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0049] The preferred embodiments of the present utility model will be described below with reference to the drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principle of the present utility model and do not limit the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0050] It should be noted that in the description of the present utility model, the terms indicating the direction or position relationship such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", etc. are based on the direction or position relationship shown in the drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0051] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 as shown, which are respectively the front view of the cross beam, the side view of the cross beam, the top view of the cross beam, and the front view of the turning and milling mechanism in the embodiment of the present utility model; an X-axis guide rail mechanism of a machine tool in the embodiment of the present utility model includes a cross beam 1, a vibration damping mechanism, a bearing mechanism, a limiting mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a fastening mechanism, a fixing mechanism, a turning and milling mechanism, and a tool changing mechanism. Among them, the vibration damping mechanism is provided on the cross beam 1 to reduce the vibration caused by milling and also to reduce the counterweight of the cross beam 1; the bearing mechanism is provided on one side of the cross beam 1 to provide an installation space; the limiting mechanism and the bearing mechanism are provided on the same side of the cross beam 1 to limit the movement of the turning and milling mechanism; the transmission mechanism is provided in the bearing mechanism to control the movement of the turning and milling mechanism; the fastening mechanism is provided in the bearing mechanism to fix the transmission mechanism and other components provided in the bearing mechanism; the fixing mechanism is located at the bottom of the cross beam 1 to fixedly connect the X-axis guide rail mechanism and the main body base of the machine tool; the turning and milling mechanism is connected to the cross beam to perform milling on the workpiece to be processed; the tool changing mechanism is located on one side of the upper part of the cross beam 1 to automatically change tools.

[0053] When the X-axis guide rail mechanism of the machine tool operates, the fixing mechanism supports the bearing mechanism, the transmission mechanism fixed by the fastening mechanism in the bearing mechanism drives the turning and milling mechanism to move, the turning and milling mechanism moves along a predetermined trajectory under the restriction of the limiting mechanism, and when the turning and milling mechanism runs to a predetermined point, the turning and milling mechanism processes the workpiece. In this case, the vibration damping mechanism reduces the vibration caused by the operation of the turning and milling mechanism to improve the machining accuracy of the turning and milling mechanism for the workpiece. When different tools are required to process the workpiece, the tool magazine 93 automatically changes the tool for the tool spindle 92.

[0054] Through a number of vibration damping through-holes 21 opened by the vibration damping mechanism, a number of holes or voids are included in the cross beam 1, reducing the overall rigidity of the structure. The vibration damping through-holes 21 increase the propagation path of vibration, thereby increasing the dissipation of energy and reducing the propagation efficiency of vibration. The vibration damping mechanism reduces the vibration caused by the operation of the turning and milling mechanism to improve the accuracy of the turning and milling mechanism in machining workpieces. Each vibration damping through-hole 21 is also used to reduce the X-direction guide rail mechanism of the machine tool, so as to reduce the difficulty of moving the machine tool and improve the portability of the machine tool, and further improve the operating efficiency of the X-direction guide rail mechanism.

[0055] Specifically, the vibration damping mechanism includes a number of vibration damping through-holes 21, and each vibration damping through-hole 21 is opened on the side surface of the cross beam 1 to reduce the vibration caused by milling and reduce the weight of the machine tool to improve the portability of the machine tool.

[0056] When the turning and milling mechanism processes the workpiece, each vibration damping through-hole 21 reduces the vibration caused by the operation of the turning and milling mechanism to improve the accuracy of the turning and milling mechanism in machining the workpiece. When the machine tool is moved, the overall weight of the machine tool is effectively reduced by opening a number of vibration damping through-holes 21.

[0057] Specifically, the bearing mechanism includes a number of recessed portions 32, and each recessed portion 32 is parallelly opened on one side of the cross beam 1 to provide an installation space;

[0058] Specifically, the limiting mechanism includes a number of protruding portions 41, a number of X-direction slide rails 42 and a number of sliding blocks 43. Each protruding portion 41 is spaced from each recessed portion 32 on the same side of the cross beam 1. Each X-direction slide rail 42 is arranged on the surface of each protruding portion 41, and the number of X-direction slide rails 42 is the same as the number of protruding portions 41. Each X-direction slide rail 42 is used to cooperate to complete the limitation of the turning and milling mechanism; each sliding block 43 is arranged on the corresponding X-direction slide rail 42 to control the movement of the turning and milling mechanism.

[0059] When the X-direction guide rail mechanism operates, the turning and milling mechanism is restricted from moving along a predetermined path through the X-direction slide rails 42 arranged on each protruding portion 41 and the sliding blocks 43 arranged on each X-direction slide rail 42.

[0060] Specifically, the transmission mechanism includes an X-direction lead screw 51 and a transmission motor 52; wherein, the X-direction lead screw 51 is arranged in the recessed portion 32, and the transmission motor 52 is connected to the X-direction lead screw 51 to control the rotation of the X-direction lead screw 51.

[0061] When the transmission mechanism operates, the transmission motor 52 installed in the recessed portion 32 through the fastening mechanism is started. The transmission motor 52 drives the X-direction lead screw 51 that is also installed in the same recessed portion 32 through the fastening mechanism to rotate. The rotation of the X-direction lead screw 51 is connected to the turning and milling mechanism, and the turning and milling mechanism is driven to move while the X-direction lead screw 51 rotates.

[0062] Specifically, there are three X-direction slide rails 42, and the three X-direction slide rails 42 are installed in the same installation plane. The distance between the two lower X-direction slide rails 42 is smaller than the distance between the two upper linear guide rails.

[0063] Specifically, the fastening mechanism includes a number of screw rod mounting positions 61 for fixing the drive motor 52. There are two recessed parts 32, and an X-direction screw rod 51 is provided in each recessed part 32. Each screw rod mounting position 61 is respectively arranged on the left and right sides of each recessed part 32.

[0064] The transmission mechanism is fixed in the recessed part 32 through the fastening mechanism.

[0065] Specifically, the fixing mechanism includes a first fixing part 71 and a second fixing part 72, which are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the cross beam 1 to stably connect the X-direction guide rail mechanism to the machine tool.

[0066] Each fixing part is a protruding mounting seat located on the left and right sides below the cross beam 1.

[0067] The X-direction guide rail mechanism is stably connected to the machine tool through the first fixing part 71 and the second fixing part 72 of the fixing mechanism.

[0068] Specifically, the turning and milling mechanism includes a moving plate 91, a number of X-direction saddle (not shown in the figure), and a tool spindle 92. Each X-direction saddle is arranged on one side of the moving plate 91 and is correspondingly connected to each of the X-direction slide rails 42 to complete the connection between the turning and milling mechanism and the cross beam 1. The tool spindle 92 is arranged on the side of the moving plate 91 away from each X-direction saddle to control the tool to process the workpiece.

[0069] Each X-direction saddle is correspondingly connected to each moving block. The X-direction saddle moves on the X-direction slide rail 42 through the moving block to drive the moving plate 91 to move, so as to drive the tool spindle 92 arranged on the moving plate 91 to run to the corresponding position to control the tool to process the workpiece.

[0070] Specifically, the fixing mechanism further includes a fixing connecting plate 74 and a number of connecting mounting holes (not shown in the figure). The fixing connecting plate 74 is located between the fixing parts to improve the stability of the cross beam 1, and each connecting mounting hole is opened on the fixing connecting plate 74 to assist in fixing the cross beam 1 to the machine tool body.

[0071] Specifically, on the side of the moving plate 91 away from each X-direction saddle, two first longitudinal guide rails 94 and two second longitudinal guide rails 95 are arranged in parallel from left to right in sequence.

[0072] A first longitudinal saddle (not shown in the figure) is provided on each first longitudinal guide rail 94.

[0073] A second longitudinal saddle (not shown in the figure) is provided on each second longitudinal guide rail 95.

[0074] Specifically, a turntable 96 for rotating in the y-axis direction is installed on the first longitudinal saddle, and the rotating shaft of the turntable 96 is connected to the tool spindle 92;

[0075] A rotary tool turret 97 for automatic tool change is installed on the second longitudinal saddle.

[0076] Specifically, a number of lifting rings 81 are symmetrically arranged on the top of the cross beam 1 to facilitate the movement of the cross beam 1.

[0077] Specifically, a linear grating scale (not shown in the figure) for measuring the real-time position of the X-axis saddle is further provided on the front side of the top of the cross beam 1;

[0078] When the turning and milling mechanism starts to run, the linear grating scale monitors the specific positions of the X-axis saddles in real time, and determines whether the displacement of the turning and milling mechanism is accurate based on the displacement situation.

[0079] Specifically, each fixing part includes a number of fixing mounting holes 73 provided at the bottom of the fixing part.

[0080] Specifically, fixing protrusions (not shown in the figure) for improving the stability of the cross beam 1 are provided at the bottom of each fixing part;

[0081] Specifically, a gasket (not shown in the figure) for adjusting the vertical angle is provided at the junction of the X-axis saddle and the sliding block 43;

[0082] By providing the gasket, it is ensured that the turning and milling mechanism is perpendicular to the horizontal plane to improve the machining accuracy of the workpiece. By providing the gasket, the jitter during the movement and machining of the turning and milling mechanism is reduced, and the stability of the tool operation is improved.

[0083] So far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in combination with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or replacements to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or replacements will all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0084] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention; for those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An X-guide rail mechanism for a machine tool, characterized in that: include: beam, A vibration reduction mechanism, comprising a plurality of vibration reduction through holes provided on the side surface of the beam for reducing vibration caused by milling; A bearing mechanism, comprising a plurality of recessed portions arranged in parallel on one side of the crossbeam to provide installation space; The limiting mechanism comprises a plurality of raised portions spaced apart from the recessed portions, and each raised portion is provided with an X-direction slide rail for limiting the position; A transmission mechanism, comprising an X-axis screw rod disposed in the recessed portion and a transmission motor connected to the X-axis screw rod for controlling the rotation of the X-axis screw rod; A fastening mechanism, several of which are arranged in each recessed portion to fix the screw mounting position of the transmission motor; A fixing mechanism, comprising a first fixing portion and a second fixing portion symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the crossbeam; The turning and milling mechanism comprises a moving plate and a plurality of X-direction slide saddles arranged on one side of the moving plate, each X-direction slide saddle being correspondingly connected to each of the X-direction slide rails; The tool changing mechanism is located on one side of the upper part of the cross beam and comprises a tool magazine for automatic tool changing.

2. The X-guide rail mechanism of a machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turning and milling mechanism also includes: A tool spindle, which is arranged on the side of the movable plate away from each X-axis slide saddle, and is used to control the tool to process the workpiece; The tool magazine and tool spindle are located on the same side of the beam.

3. The X-guide rail mechanism of a machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism further comprises: A fixed connecting plate, which is located between the fixing parts to improve the stability of the crossbeam; A plurality of connection and mounting holes, each of which is provided on the fixed connection plate; Each fixing part is a protruding mounting seat located on the left and right sides below the cross beam.

4. The X-guide rail mechanism of a machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are two recessed parts, each of which is provided with an X-axis screw rod, and the screw rod mounting positions are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of each recessed part.

5. The X-guide rail mechanism of a machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The movable plate is provided with two first longitudinal guide rails and two second longitudinal guide rails in parallel from left to right on a side away from each X-direction saddle; Each first longitudinal guide rail is provided with a first longitudinal saddle; Each second longitudinal guide rail is provided with a second longitudinal saddle.

6. The X-guide rail mechanism of a machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: A turntable for rotating about the y-axis direction is installed on the first longitudinal saddle, and the rotating shaft of the turntable is connected to the tool spindle; A rotary turret for automatic tool change is installed on the second longitudinal slide saddle.

7. The X-guide rail mechanism of a machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism further includes: A plurality of sliding blocks, each of which is arranged on a corresponding X-direction slide rail, and is used to cooperate with each of the X-direction slide saddles to control the movement of the movable plate; There are three X-direction slide rails, which are installed in the same installation plane. The spacing between the two X-direction slide rails at the bottom is smaller than the spacing between the two linear guide rails at the top.

8. The X-guide rail mechanism of a machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of lifting rings are symmetrically arranged on the top of the crossbeam to facilitate the movement of the crossbeam; A linear grating ruler for measuring the real-time position of the X-axis saddle is also provided on the front side of the top of the crossbeam.

9. The X-guide rail mechanism of a machine tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: Each fixed part includes: A plurality of fixing installation holes arranged at the bottom of the fixing part; The bottom of each fixing part is provided with a fixing protrusion for improving the stability of the crossbeam.

10. The X-guide rail mechanism of a machine tool according to claim 9, characterized in that: A gasket for adjusting the vertical angle is provided at the connection between the X-direction sliding saddle and the sliding block.

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