Hydraulic directional positioning and clamping device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydraulic directional positioning and clamping device which comprises a workpiece centering and pressing mechanism and an angular positioning mechanism. The workpiece centering and pressing mechanism comprises a machine body, a centering fixing disc and three hydraulic lever pressing oil cylinder assemblies. The hydraulic lever pressing oil cylinder assembly comprises a hydraulic lever pressing oil cylinder and a pressing lever. The center of the machine body comprises a round cavity, the reverse end of the speed reducer shaft body is arranged on the round cavity of the machine body in a matched mode, the centering fixing disc is in a circular ring shape, is placed around the round cavity and is arranged at the reverse end of the speed reducer shaft body in a sleeved mode, and three fixing disc notches are formed in the periphery of the centering fixing disc and are matched with the hydraulic lever pressing oil cylinder. The pressing lever can downwards press the reverse end of the speed reducer shaft body; the angular positioning mechanism comprises a profiling sliding block assembly and a hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder assembly. The profiling sliding block assembly is in clearance fit with one supporting leg. An oil cylinder pull rod of the hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder assembly is connected with a swing lever of the profiling sliding block assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of combined machining of reducer shafts, and particularly relates to a hydraulic directional positioning and clamping device. Background Art

[0002] In the field of machining, especially in the machining and assembly processes of precision components such as reducer shafts, the directional positioning and clamping of workpieces are crucial steps. Traditionally, the clamping of such workpieces mostly uses mechanical fixtures or simple hydraulic fixtures, but these methods often have some deficiencies.

[0003] Such as Figure 8 As shown, when the existing reducer shaft body 1 is combinedly machined and the holes on both the front and back sides of the shaft body are machined, due to the relatively high symmetry requirements of the three bearing mounting holes 102 relative to the three support legs 101 on the shaft body, a very high-precision positioning device is required for positioning the machining mounting holes.

[0004] Insufficient positioning accuracy: Traditional mechanical fixtures rely on manual adjustment and positioning, which are easily affected by the skills and experience of operators, resulting in low positioning accuracy and affecting machining quality.

[0005] Uneven clamping force: Although some hydraulic fixtures can provide a large clamping force, due to unreasonable structural design, the clamping force distribution is uneven, which easily causes the workpiece to deform or vibrate during machining.

[0006] Low automation level: Most of the existing clamping devices require manual operation, making it difficult to achieve automated production, reducing production efficiency and increasing labor costs.

[0007] Complex structure and high cost: Although some high-precision fixtures can meet the positioning requirements, they have complex structures and high manufacturing costs, which are not conducive to large-scale popularization and application.

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, there is an urgent need in the market for a clamping device that can not only ensure high positioning accuracy and uniform clamping force, but also achieve automated production, has a relatively simple structure and a moderate cost. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a hydraulic directional positioning and clamping device for clamping a reducer shaft body. The reducer shaft body includes two ends, and three support legs are provided between the two ends. Three bearing mounting holes are provided on both the front and back ends.

[0010] It includes a workpiece centering and pressing mechanism and an angular positioning mechanism;

[0011] The workpiece centering and pressing mechanism includes a body, a centering fixed disk, and three hydraulic lever pressing oil cylinder assemblies;

[0012] The hydraulic lever pressing oil cylinder assembly includes a hydraulic lever pressing oil cylinder and a pressing lever;

[0013] A circular cavity is included in the center of the body. The opposite end of the reducer shaft body fits onto the circular cavity of the body. The centering fixing disk is in a circular ring shape, placed around the circular cavity and sleeving the opposite end of the reducer shaft body. Three fixing disk notches are arranged in a circumferential array on the centering fixing disk and fit with the hydraulic lever pressing oil cylinder. The pressing lever can press down the opposite end of the reducer shaft body;

[0014] The angular positioning mechanism includes a profiling slider assembly and a hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder assembly. The profiling slider assembly has a clearance fit with one of the support legs;

[0015] The oil cylinder pull rod of the hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder assembly is connected to the swing lever of the profiling slider assembly.

[0016] Furthermore, the hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder assembly further includes a hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder, an oil cylinder pull rod, a hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder seat, a hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder fixing seat, an oil cylinder seat swing bearing, and an oil cylinder seat fixing cover plate;

[0017] An oil cylinder pull rod is arranged on the hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder. The hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder is placed on the hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder seat. An oil cylinder seat swing bearing is arranged on the hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder seat. The hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder swings at an angle around the center seat of the oil cylinder seat swing bearing;

[0018] A protrusion is arranged on the upper part of the hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder fixing seat. The protrusion sleeves the oil cylinder seat swing bearing. The oil cylinder seat fixing cover plate is arranged above the oil cylinder seat swing bearing. The hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder seat sleeves the outside of the oil cylinder seat swing bearing. The oil cylinder pull rod is connected to the oil cylinder seat fixing cover plate through a pull rod nut; a pull rod pin shaft and a pull rod nut connect the swing lever and the oil cylinder pull rod.

[0019] Furthermore, the profiling slider assembly further includes a profiling slider, a profiling slider seat, a profiling slider cover plate, and a swing lever;

[0020] The profiling slider is movably arranged between the profiling slider cover plate and the profiling slider seat. A profiling slider pin shaft is movably penetrated through the profiling slider cover plate. The profiling slider pin shaft movably connects the profiling slider and the swing lever.

[0021] Beneficial Effects

[0022] For the clamping requirements of the reducer shaft body, the hydraulic directional positioning clamping device of the present invention realizes remarkable beneficial effects through a workpiece centering and pressing mechanism and an angular positioning mechanism with unique designs, which are specifically embodied in the following aspects:

[0023] Improve positioning accuracy: The workpiece centering and clamping mechanism adopts a hydraulic lever clamping oil cylinder assembly. Through three evenly distributed hydraulic lever clamping oil cylinders and clamping levers, it can accurately and evenly apply clamping force to the opposite end of the reducer shaft body, effectively avoiding workpiece deformation or displacement caused by uneven clamping force and significantly improving the positioning accuracy.

[0024] Enhance clamping stability: The circular design of the centering fixed disk and the fit between the fixed disk notch on it and the hydraulic lever clamping oil cylinder not only simplifies the structure but also enhances the clamping stability. At the same time, the use of the hydraulic system enables the clamping force to be adjusted according to actual needs, further improving the reliability and stability of clamping.

[0025] Achieve angular precise positioning: The angular positioning mechanism realizes the precise adjustment and positioning of the angular direction of the reducer shaft body through the clearance fit between the profiling slider assembly and the support leg, and the connection between the oil cylinder pull rod of the hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder assembly and the swing lever. This design enables the device to adapt to reducer shaft bodies of different specifications and shapes, improving the versatility and flexibility of the device.

[0026] Improve the degree of automation: The entire clamping process is controlled by a hydraulic system, without manual intervention, realizing automated production. This not only improves production efficiency but also reduces labor costs, which is conducive to the intelligentization and modernization of the production line.

[0027] Optimize the structural design: The structural design of the present invention is compact and reasonable, and the cooperation between components is close. It not only ensures the realization of functions but also reduces manufacturing costs. At the same time, the use of the hydraulic system also reduces mechanical wear and noise, improving the overall performance and service life of the equipment.

[0028] In summary, the hydraulic directional positioning and clamping device described in the present invention shows significant beneficial effects in terms of positioning accuracy, clamping stability, angular positioning ability, degree of automation, and structural design, and has broad application prospects and market value. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a hydraulic directional positioning and clamping device clamping a reducer shaft body;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the angular positioning system of a hydraulic directional positioning and clamping device;

[0031] Figure 3 It is another perspective structural schematic diagram of the angular positioning system of a hydraulic directional positioning and clamping device;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a sectional view of the angular positioning system of a hydraulic directional positioning and clamping device in the A-A direction;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a sectional view in the B-B direction of the angular positioning system of a hydraulic directional positioning and clamping device;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a sectional view in the C-C direction of the angular positioning system of a hydraulic directional positioning and clamping device;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the body structure in a hydraulic directional positioning and clamping device;

[0036] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reducer shaft body. Specific embodiments

[0037] The present utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present utility model, but do not limit the present utility model in any form. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present utility model, several adjustments and improvements can still be made. These all belong to the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0038] As Figures 1-8 shown, a hydraulic directional positioning and clamping device clamps the reducer shaft body 1. The reducer shaft body 1 includes positive and negative ends, and three support legs 101 are arranged between the positive and negative ends. Three bearing mounting holes 102 are provided on both the positive and negative ends.

[0039] It is characterized in that it includes a workpiece centering and pressing mechanism and an angular positioning mechanism;

[0040] The workpiece centering and pressing mechanism includes a body 2, a centering fixed disk 3, and three hydraulic lever pressing oil cylinder assemblies;

[0041] The hydraulic lever pressing oil cylinder assembly includes a hydraulic lever pressing oil cylinder 4 and a pressing lever 5;

[0042] The center of the body 2 includes a circular cavity 201. The negative end of the reducer shaft body 1 fits on the circular cavity 201 of the body. The centering fixed disk 3 is circular and is placed around the circular cavity 201 and sleeved on the negative end of the reducer shaft body 1. Three fixed disk notches 301 are arranged in a circumferential array on the centering fixed disk 3 and fit with the hydraulic lever pressing oil cylinder 4. The pressing lever 5 can press down the negative end of the reducer shaft body 1;

[0043] The angular positioning mechanism includes a profiling slider assembly and a hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder assembly. The profiling slider assembly has a clearance fit with one of the support legs 101;

[0044] The oil cylinder pull rod 6 of the hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder assembly is connected to the swing lever 7 of the profiling slider assembly.

[0045] Preferably, the hydraulic telescopic cylinder assembly further includes a hydraulic telescopic cylinder 8, a cylinder tie rod 6, a hydraulic telescopic cylinder seat 9, a hydraulic telescopic cylinder fixing seat 10, a cylinder seat swing bearing 11, and a cylinder seat fixing cover plate 12;

[0046] A cylinder tie rod 6 is provided on the hydraulic telescopic cylinder 8. The hydraulic telescopic cylinder 8 is placed on the hydraulic telescopic cylinder seat 9. A cylinder seat swing bearing 11 is provided on the hydraulic telescopic cylinder seat 9. The hydraulic telescopic cylinder 8 swings around the central seat angle of the cylinder seat swing bearing 11;

[0047] A protrusion 1001 is provided on the upper part of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder fixing seat 10. The cylinder seat swing bearing 11 is sleeved outside the protrusion 1001. The cylinder seat fixing cover plate 12 is provided above the cylinder seat swing bearing 11. The hydraulic telescopic cylinder seat 9 is sleeved outside the cylinder seat swing bearing 11. The cylinder tie rod 6 is connected to the cylinder seat fixing cover plate 12 through a tie rod nut 13; A tie rod pin 14 and a tie rod nut 13 connect the swing lever 7 and the cylinder tie rod 6.

[0048] Preferably, the profiling slider assembly further includes a profiling slider 15, a profiling slider seat 16, a profiling slider cover plate 17, and a swing lever 7;

[0049] The profiling slider 15 is movably arranged between the profiling slider cover plate 17 and the profiling slider seat 16. A profiling slider pin 18 is movably penetrated through the profiling slider cover plate 17. The profiling slider pin 18 movably connects the profiling slider 15 and the swing lever 7.

[0050] Preferably, the profiling slider 15 is movably arranged at the center of the upper part of the profiling slider seat 16. The profiling slider cover plates 17 are fixedly connected to both sides of the upper part of the profiling slider seat 16;

[0051] A fixing groove 1601 is provided at the center of the upper part of the profiling slider seat 16. The front end of the profiling slider 15 is a profiling groove 1501, and the rear end is a strip-shaped block 1502. The strip-shaped block 1502 fits with the fixing groove 1601;

[0052] A sliding groove 1701 is provided in the middle of the profiling slider cover plate 17. The profiling slider pin 18 is slidably arranged in the sliding groove 1701. A pin hole 1503 is provided on the strip-shaped block 1502. The lower end of the profiling slider pin 18 is connected to the pin hole 1503;

[0053] Above the profiling slider cover plate 17, the swing lever 7 is provided. A lever fixed shaft 19 is provided on the swing lever 7, and the swing lever 7 rotates around the lever fixed shaft 19. A lever slider 701 is provided on the swing lever 7. The lever slider 701 is connected to the upper end of the profiling slider pin shaft 18. A lever pressing plate 20 is provided above the lever slider 701.

[0054] The swing lever 7 extends the profiling slider 15 forward in the fixed groove 1601 through the lever slider 701 and the profiling slider pin shaft 18. The profiling groove 1501 at the front end of the profiling slider 15 cooperates with a support leg 101 of the workpiece, and a support leg 101 of the workpiece is fixed in the profiling groove 1501, that is, fixed at the opening of the angular fixing slider.

[0055] Preferably, the machine body 2 includes a base 202 and a fixed seat 203. A circular cavity 201 is provided in the center of the fixed seat 203. Three through holes 204 are arranged in an array around the circular cavity 201, corresponding to the three bearing mounting holes 102.

[0056] Preferably, the profiling slider 15 is in clearance fit with the support leg 101, and the clearance is less than the positional tolerance requirement between the bearing mounting hole 102 and the support leg 101.

[0057] The hydraulic orientation positioning clamping device further includes a hydraulic system. The power source of the hydraulic system mainly relies on the hydraulic power station and energy storage equipment carried by the machine tool itself. The hydraulic control system adopts a control oil circuit with two inlets and two outlets. Here, it is described that the peripheral hydraulic pipelines required according to the workpiece processing procedures, or two methods of making oil holes in the machine body, are designed and manufactured based on the principle of not interfering with the workpiece processing.

[0058] Installation method: First, assemble the workpiece positioning system, centering fixed disk, and hydraulic lever pressing oil cylinder onto the machine body according to the design drawings. Then install the angular positioning system onto the machine body in the specified position sequence, and ensure that the moving parts of each part of the system can move in place. Then connect the oil pipeline of the centering system and the angular system to the connection port of the machine tool hydraulic system respectively, and confirm that the hydraulic power source is correctly transmitted to each moving oil cylinder. After confirmation, connect the hydraulic system to the machine, and time the centering pressing oil cylinder and the angular positioning system oil cylinder respectively. The main point is that the action time of the angular positioning system is slightly prior to the action of the workpiece centering hydraulic oil cylinder, so that the workpiece is oriented first and then pressed.

[0059] Implementation method: Before installing the workpiece on the machine, whether it is manually installed or automatically installed, it should be determined that the direction of any one of the three support legs of the workpiece faces the opening direction of the angular slider of the angular positioning system. The workpiece is installed at the center position of the centering and fixing disk. Press the pressing button of the machine tool hydraulic power station. The angular positioning system acts preferentially, pushing out the oil cylinder pull rod outward under the hydraulic power of the hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder, driving the small end of the swing lever to rotate around the lever fixed shaft. At the same time, the hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder will swing at an angle around the center seat of the swing bearing on the hydraulic telescopic oil cylinder seat to eliminate the torsional binding force between the lever and the telescopic oil cylinder. The swing lever extends the profiling slider forward in the fixed groove of the profiling slider seat through the lever slider and the slider pin shaft, and cooperates with a support leg of the workpiece through the profiling groove at the front end of the profiling slider to fix a support leg of the workpiece in the opening of the angular fixed slider, completing the angular positioning. Immediately afterwards, the pressing levers of the three pressing hydraulic cylinders will simultaneously press down and clamp the workpiece. The operator or the manipulator releases the workpiece and withdraws, and the workpiece installation is completed and then processing is carried out. After the workpiece is removed and the processing is completed, the operator or the manipulator holds the workpiece and presses the release button of the machine tool hydraulic system. The angular positioning system also acts preferentially, and the profiling slider separates from the workpiece support leg and returns to its original position. Then the three hydraulic pressing cylinders release the workpiece, and the operator or the manipulator removes the workpiece, completing this processing procedure of the workpiece.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic directional positioning clamping device for clamping a reducer shaft (1), wherein the reducer shaft (1) comprises two ends, three support legs (101) are arranged between the two ends, and three bearing mounting holes (102) are arranged on both ends. It is characterized in that It includes a workpiece centering and clamping mechanism and an angular positioning mechanism; The workpiece centering and clamping mechanism comprises a machine body (2), a centering fixed plate (3), and three hydraulic lever clamping cylinder assemblies; The hydraulic lever clamping cylinder assembly comprises a hydraulic lever clamping cylinder (4) and a clamping lever (5); The body (2) includes a circular cavity (201) in the center, and the reverse end of the reducer shaft (1) fits in the circular cavity (201) of the body. The centering fixed disk (3) is annular and is placed around the circular cavity (201) and sleeved on the reverse end of the reducer shaft (1). Three fixed disk notches (301) arranged on the circumference of the centering fixed disk (3) fit in with the hydraulic lever clamping cylinder (4), and the clamping lever (5) can press down the reverse end of the reducer shaft (1); The angular positioning mechanism comprises a profiled slider assembly and a hydraulic telescopic cylinder assembly, wherein the profiled slider assembly is clearance-matched with one of the supporting legs (101); The cylinder pull rod (6) of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder assembly is connected to the swing lever (7) of the contoured slider assembly.

2. A hydraulic directional positioning clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic telescopic cylinder assembly further comprises a hydraulic telescopic cylinder (8), a cylinder pull rod (6), a hydraulic telescopic cylinder seat (9), a hydraulic telescopic cylinder fixing seat (10), a cylinder seat swing bearing (11), and a cylinder seat fixing cover plate (12); The hydraulic telescopic cylinder (8) is provided with a cylinder pull rod (6), the hydraulic telescopic cylinder (8) is placed on the hydraulic telescopic cylinder seat (9), a cylinder seat swing bearing (11) is provided on the hydraulic telescopic cylinder seat (9), and the hydraulic telescopic cylinder (8) swings around the center seat angle of the cylinder seat swing bearing (11); A protrusion (1001) is provided on the upper part of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder fixing seat (10), the cylinder seat swing bearing (11) is arranged outside the protrusion (1001), the cylinder seat fixing cover plate (12) is arranged above the cylinder seat swing bearing (11), the hydraulic telescopic cylinder seat (9) is sleeved outside the cylinder seat swing bearing (11), the cylinder pull rod (6) is connected to the cylinder seat fixing cover plate (12) through a pull rod nut (13); the pull rod pin (14) and the pull rod nut (13) connect the swing lever (7) and the cylinder pull rod (6).

3. A hydraulic directional positioning clamping device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The profiling slider assembly further comprises a profiling slider (15), a profiling slider seat (16), a profiling slider cover plate (17), and a swing lever (7); The profiling slider (15) is movably arranged between the profiling slider cover plate (17) and the profiling slider seat (16); a profiling slider pin (18) is movably arranged on the profiling slider cover plate (17); and the profiling slider pin (18) movably connects the profiling slider (15) with the swing lever (7).

4. A hydraulic directional positioning clamping device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A profiling slider (15) is movably arranged in the center of the upper part of the profiling slider seat (16), and profiling slider cover plates (17) are fixedly connected to both sides of the upper part of the profiling slider seat (16); A fixing groove (1601) is arranged at the center of the upper part of the profiling slider seat (16); the front end of the profiling slider (15) is the profiling groove (1501), and the rear end is a strip block (1502); the strip block (1502) fits in the fixing groove (1601); A sliding groove (1701) is provided in the middle of the profiling slider cover plate (17), the profiling slider pin (18) is slidably arranged in the sliding groove (1701), a pin hole (1503) is provided on the bar block (1502), and the lower end of the profiling slider pin (18) is connected to the pin hole (1503); The swing lever (7) is arranged above the profiling slider cover plate (17), a lever fixing shaft (19) is arranged on the swing lever (7) and the swing lever (7) rotates around the lever fixing shaft (19), a lever slider (701) is arranged on the swing lever (7), the lever slider (701) is connected to the upper end of the profiling slider pin shaft (18), and a lever pressure plate (20) is arranged above the lever slider (701); The swing lever (7) extends the profiled slider (15) forward in the fixing groove (1601) via the lever slider (701) and the profiled slider pin (18), and the profiled groove (1501) at the front end of the profiled slider (15) cooperates with a support leg (101) of the workpiece to fix the support leg (101) of the workpiece in the profiled groove (1501).

5. The hydraulic directional positioning clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine body (2) comprises a base (202) and a fixing seat (203); a circular cavity (201) is arranged in the center of the fixing seat (203); three through holes (204) are arranged in an array around the circular cavity (201), corresponding to the three bearing mounting holes (102).

6. The hydraulic directional positioning clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contoured sliding block (15) is clearance-matched with the support leg (101), and the clearance is smaller than the position tolerance requirement between the bearing mounting hole (102) and the support leg (101).

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