Artificial wetland with sewage treatment effect

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and discloses a constructed wetland with a sewage treatment effect, which comprises an aeration grit chamber and a constructed wetland, a movable cover plate is arranged at the top of the aeration grit chamber, an aeration fan is fixedly connected to the top end of the left side of the aeration grit chamber, an aeration pipe is fixedly connected to the output end of the aeration fan, and the aeration pipe is fixedly connected to the output end of the aeration fan. Aeration holes are formed in the bottom end of the aeration pipe, the outer wall of the aeration pipe is electrically connected with a power transmission line, the left end of the power transmission line is electrically connected with a solar photovoltaic device, the top of the right side of the aerated grit chamber penetrates through and is fixedly connected with a conveying pipe, and an inclined plane is arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the aerated grit chamber; the top of the inner wall of the constructed wetland is fixedly connected with a vegetation layer. According to the utility model, the aerated grit chamber, the aeration fan, the aeration pipe and the aeration holes are arranged, the aerated grit chamber is mainly used for collecting wastewater and pretreating, and after bottom aeration, the quality and quantity of water entering the constructed wetland are uniform and stable, so that the treatment capacity of the constructed wetland is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to an artificial wetland with sewage treatment effect. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the treatment of ecological clean small watersheds has received increasing attention from the state and local governments. The decentralized sewage in small watersheds, especially domestic sewage in the urban-rural fringe and directly discharged sewage in rural agglomerations, is the main cause of river pollution, black and odorous water bodies, and eutrophication. According to the different sewage generation amounts and collection rates in the area, the decentralized sewage treatment technologies in small watersheds mainly include oxidation ditch method, A / O treatment process, oxidation pond treatment technology, three-compartment septic tank, artificial wetland, etc. The decentralized sewage treatment in small watersheds generally should follow the principles of adapting to local conditions, being easy to maintain and manage, having low operation costs, and simple process flow. Specifically, which process to choose needs to comprehensively consider costs and the effectiveness of technologies, and select one technology or a combination of multiple technologies.

[0003] Due to the characteristics of large total amount, decentralized discharge, high pollution degree, large changes in water volume and quality, and being far from municipal sewage pipelines and large sewage treatment plants of decentralized domestic sewage, it is generally discharged into nearby rivers and lakes without any treatment, causing serious environmental pollution. Decentralized sewage such as rural domestic sewage has become an important factor in the pollution of natural water bodies. A miniaturized water purification process suitable for the characteristics of decentralized domestic sewage has become an urgent need. The artificial wetland water purification system is particularly suitable for the current sewage treatment situation in rural areas and small and medium-sized towns in China due to its advantages such as simple process, low energy consumption, and being easy to construct and manage decentralized, and has become one of the optimal processes for rural domestic sewage treatment.

[0004] Considering that due to the limitations of its own structure, it is difficult to achieve aerobic and anaerobic conditions in traditional artificial wetlands, resulting in a low total nitrogen removal rate, and it is necessary to perform aerobic and anaerobic treatment on artificial wetlands to improve the operation effect of artificial wetlands. However, the existing artificial wetland technologies currently have problems such as low filtration efficiency, unstable treatment effect, high investment cost, and high operation cost. Therefore, an artificial wetland with sewage treatment effect is proposed to solve the above problems. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] In order to make up for the above deficiencies, the utility model provides an artificial wetland with sewage treatment effect, aiming to improve the problems of low filtration efficiency, unstable treatment effect, high investment cost, and high operation cost existing in the existing artificial wetland technologies in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions: An artificial wetland with sewage treatment effect, including an aerated grit chamber and an artificial wetland. The top of the aerated grit chamber is hinged with a movable cover plate. The left top end of the aerated grit chamber is fixedly connected with an aeration fan. The output end of the aeration fan is fixedly connected with an aeration pipe. The bottom end of the aeration pipe is provided with aeration holes. The outer wall of the aeration pipe is electrically connected with a power transmission line. The left end of the power transmission line is electrically connected with a solar photovoltaic device. The right top of the aerated grit chamber is penetrated and fixedly connected with a delivery pipe. The bottom of the inner wall of the aerated grit chamber is provided with an inclined plane. The top of the inner wall of the artificial wetland is fixedly connected with a vegetation layer. The bottom of the vegetation layer is provided with a filter layer. The right side of the artificial wetland is fixedly connected with a water outlet pipe.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0008] The filter layer includes a zeolite filler filter layer. The right side of the zeolite filler filter layer is fixedly connected with a first partition plate. The right side of the first partition plate is fixedly connected with a vermiculite filler filter layer. The right side of the vermiculite filler filter layer is fixedly connected with a second partition plate. The right side of the second partition plate is fixedly connected with a quartz sand filler filter layer. The bottom of the quartz sand filler filter layer is fixedly connected with a gravel layer.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0010] The outer wall of the aeration pipe is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the aerated grit chamber. The inner wall of the aerated grit chamber is fixedly connected with a coarse pore size grid. The inner wall of the aerated grit chamber is fixedly connected with a fine pore size grid.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0012] The zeolite filler filter layer is filled with zeolite materials.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0014] The vermiculite filler filter layer is filled with vermiculite materials.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0016] The quartz sand filler filter layer is filled with quartz sand materials.

[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0018] The gravel layer is filled with pebble materials and gravel materials.

[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0020] There are three groups of gravel layers, and the three groups of gravel layers are arranged in an array along the bottom of the inner wall of the artificial wetland.

[0021] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. In the utility model, by setting an aerated grit chamber, an aeration blower, an aeration pipe and aeration holes, the aerated grit chamber is mainly used for collecting wastewater and pre-treatment, ensuring the water quality and quantity of the wastewater entering the constructed wetland. If the collected wastewater is the unqualified tail water treated by a sewage treatment plant, after bottom aeration, the wastewater pollutants are fully mixed and evenly distributed, making the water quality and quantity entering the constructed wetland uniform and stable. If the collected wastewater is untreated wastewater, it will first undergo pre-treatment such as sedimentation, chemical dosing and pH adjustment in the aerated grit chamber, and then enter the constructed wetland for treatment. In addition, the aeration pipe and aeration holes arranged at the bottom of the aerated grit chamber can play a role in raising the water temperature in autumn and winter, ensuring the treatment capacity of the constructed wetland.

[0023] 2. In the utility model, by setting a vegetation layer and a filter layer, a three-stage interval matrix filter area is formed in the filter layer of the constructed wetland, progressing layer by layer. Through filtration and adsorption by different fillers, the indexes such as COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and heavy metals in the wastewater are effectively reduced, improving the effluent water quality to meet the Class V surface water standard. Moreover, the three-stage partition of the filter layer in the constructed wetland is based on the mutual conversion of gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy, without the need to add an additional power system, forming a water flow circulation inside the constructed wetland and strengthening the purification effect of the wastewater quality.

[0024] 3. In the utility model, by setting a solar photovoltaic device and a power transmission line, the aeration blower is driven, reducing energy consumption and achieving the effect of reducing pollution and carbon emissions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the overall structure of a constructed wetland with sewage treatment effect proposed by the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the aerated grit chamber of a constructed wetland with sewage treatment effect proposed by the utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a constructed wetland with sewage treatment effect proposed by the utility model.

[0028] LEGEND DESCRIPTION:

[0029] 1. Aeration grit chamber; 2. Constructed wetland; 3. Aeration pipe; 4. Aeration holes; 5. Movable cover plate; 6. Vegetation layer; 7. Filter layer; 8. Zeolite packing filter layer; 9. Vermiculite packing filter layer; 10. Quartz sand packing filter layer; 11. Gravel layer; 12. Outlet pipe; 13. Delivery pipe; 14. Solar photovoltaic device; 15. Power transmission line; 16. Inclined plane; 17. Aeration blower; 18. First partition; 19. Second partition; 20. Coarse aperture grille; 21. Fine aperture grille. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] Refer to Figure 1 - Figure 2 An embodiment provided by the present invention: A constructed wetland with sewage treatment effect, including an aeration grit chamber 1 and a constructed wetland 2. Anti-seepage walls are provided around and at the bottom of the aeration grit chamber 1 and the constructed wetland 2, and the material of the anti-seepage wall is selected as concrete. An inlet is provided at the top of the aeration grit chamber 1, and a movable cover plate 5 is hinged at the top of the aeration grit chamber 1. By providing the movable cover plate 5, it is convenient to open or close the top opening of the aeration grit chamber 1 so that air can enter the aeration grit chamber 1 during aeration. An aeration blower 17 is fixedly connected to the left top end of the aeration grit chamber 1. By starting the aeration blower 17, the aeration pipe 3 starts to aerate. The output end of the aeration blower 17 is fixedly connected to the aeration pipe 3. Two groups of aeration pipes 3 are provided, and aeration holes 4 are opened at the bottom end of the aeration pipe 3. The aeration holes 4 are arranged at the lower part of the aeration pipe 3, which can complete the bottom aeration of the aeration grit chamber 1. The outer wall of the aeration pipe 3 is electrically connected to a power transmission line 15. Through the power transmission line 15, the electric power generated by the solar photovoltaic device 14 is transmitted to the aeration blower 17. The left end of the power transmission line 15 is electrically connected to the solar photovoltaic device 14. The solar photovoltaic device 14 is a prior art, which includes a photovoltaic panel, a support structure, an inverter, a battery energy storage system, etc. The solar photovoltaic device 14 is used to convert solar energy into electric energy for storage.

[0032] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3, a delivery pipe 13 penetrates and is fixedly connected to the right top of the aerated grit chamber 1. A water pump is arranged on the delivery pipe 13. By starting the water pump, the delivery pipe 13 can transport the wastewater inside the aerated grit chamber 1 to the constructed wetland 2. An inclined surface 16 is arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the aerated grit chamber 1. The bottom of the aerated grit chamber 1 is in a two-sided slope shape, with the deepest part being trapezoidal, and a sand collection tank is reserved to facilitate the collection and disposal of solid substances such as sand and gravel in the wastewater. A vegetation layer 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the constructed wetland 2. The vegetation layer 6 is mainly composed of aquatic plants and attached soil. Aquatic plants such as reeds, cattails, rush, yellow iris, and softstem bulrush, which are suitable for local growth, are selected for planting. The soil suitable for growth is below the aquatic plants, and the soil thickness is about 30 cm. A filter layer 7 is arranged at the bottom of the vegetation layer 6. The plant roots of the vegetation layer 6 are attached with aerobic microorganisms, and the nitrification reaction is relatively comprehensive. A water outlet pipe 12 is fixedly connected to the right side of the constructed wetland 2. The absorbed and filtered water is discharged from the constructed wetland 2 through the water outlet pipe 12.

[0033] Refer to Figure 3 , the filter layer 7 includes a zeolite filler filter layer 8. The zeolite filler filter layer 8 fully performs functions such as plant absorption, filtration adsorption, and microbial decomposition on the wastewater. A first partition plate 18 is fixedly connected to the right side of the zeolite filler filter layer 8. Both the first partition plate 18 and the second partition plate 19 are impermeable partition plates. A vermiculite filler filter layer 9 is fixedly connected to the right side of the first partition plate 18. The vermiculite filler filter layer 9 performs the synergistic action of plants and microorganisms on the wastewater treated by the zeolite filler filter layer 8 to further strengthen the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus removal. A second partition plate 19 is fixedly connected to the right side of the vermiculite filler filter layer 9. The zeolite filler filter layer 8, the vermiculite filler filter layer 9, and the quartz sand filler filter layer 10 are separated by the first partition plate 18 and the second partition plate 19. A quartz sand filler filter layer 10 is fixedly connected to the right side of the second partition plate 19. Through the denitrification effect of the quartz sand filler filter layer 10, the denitrification treatment is further strengthened to remove the total nitrogen in the wastewater and further improve the effluent quality. A gravel layer 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the quartz sand filler filter layer 10. The quartz sand filler filter layer 10 and the gravel layer 11 are rich in denitrifying bacteria, which effectively reduce the content of nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen in the wastewater and further improve the effluent index.

[0034] Refer to Figure 2 , the outer wall of the aeration pipe 3 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the aerated grit chamber 1. Through the fixing effect of the aeration pipe 3, the aeration pipe 3 is prevented from falling off. A coarse pore size grille 20 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the aerated grit chamber 1. A fine pore size grille 21 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the aerated grit chamber 1. By arranging the coarse pore size grille 20 and the fine pore size grille 21, the wastewater in the aerated grit chamber 1 is filtered to intercept the suspended solids and floating substances from the wastewater.

[0035] Refer to Figure 3, the zeolite packing filter layer 8 is filled with zeolite materials. The zeolite packing filter layer 8 uses zeolite with a particle size of 2-3 mm, which has good adsorption performance for COD and ammonia nitrogen in wastewater, and the adsorption effect reaches more than 80%. The zeolite packing filter layer 8 further adsorbs the wastewater infiltrated from the modified coal gangue packing filter layer, and 80% of the pollutants in the wastewater are removed. The vermiculite packing filter layer 9 is filled with vermiculite materials. The vermiculite packing filter layer 9 uses vermiculite with a particle size of 2-3 mm, which has good adsorption performance for harmful substances such as heavy metals and ammonia nitrogen in wastewater, and the adsorption effect reaches more than 80%.

[0036] Refer to Figure 3 , the quartz sand packing filter layer 10 is filled with quartz sand materials. The quartz sand packing filter layer 10 uses quartz sand with a particle size of about 1.2 mm. As the main raw material for deep bed filtration, quartz sand has the function of denitrification and can simultaneously remove suspended solids and nitrates. After the deep adsorption of the quartz sand packing filter layer 10, the pollutants in the wastewater are basically eliminated, and at the same time, the turbidity and chromaticity of the wastewater are reduced.

[0037] Refer to Figure 3 , the gravel layer 11 is filled with pebble materials and gravel materials. The gravel layer 11 uses pebbles and gravel with a size of 2-4 mm, and the thickness is about 20 cm. The gravel layer 11 has large gaps and good supporting properties, providing a good carrier for microbial film formation. There are three groups of gravel layers 11, and the three groups of gravel layers 11 are arranged in an array along the bottom of the inner wall of the constructed wetland 2. By setting three groups of gravel layers 11, they correspond to the zeolite packing filter layer 8, the vermiculite packing filter layer 9, and the quartz sand packing filter layer 10 respectively, and are separated by the first partition plate 18 and the second partition plate 19 at the same time.

[0038] Working principle: When the wastewater to be treated is the tail water after being treated by a sewage treatment plant for upgrading, by starting the aeration blower 17, the air holes 4 provided on the aeration pipe 3 can complete the bottom aeration in the aeration grit chamber 1. After the wastewater in the aeration grit chamber 1 is pretreated, by starting the water pump, the conveying pipe 13 introduces the wastewater into the constructed wetland 2 to ensure the stability of the water quality and quantity of the wastewater entering the constructed wetland 2.

[0039] When the wastewater to be treated is the wastewater that has not been treated by a sewage treatment plant, the coarse pore size grille 20 and the fine pore size grille 21 provided in the aeration grit chamber 1 filter the wastewater, intercepting the suspended solids and floating substances from the wastewater. At the same time, since the bottom of the aeration grit chamber 1 is in a two-sided slope shape, the deepest part is trapezoidal, and a sand collection tank is reserved to collect and dispose of the solid substances such as sand and gravel in the wastewater. After aeration and grit removal, the organic pollutants attached to the sand grains are removed. Under the action of the centrifugal force of the swirl, the denser sand grains are thrown to the outside and sink into the sand collection tank. Subsequently, after adding medicine and adjusting the pH value of the wastewater, the water pump is started to introduce the treated wastewater into the constructed wetland 2.

[0040] The wastewater entering the constructed wetland 2 enters the zeolite packing filter layer 8. Due to the function of the first partition plate 18, after the wastewater in the zeolite packing filter layer 8 undergoes sufficient plant absorption, filtration adsorption, microbial decomposition and other effects, it enters the vermiculite packing filter layer 9 from above the first partition plate 18. In the vermiculite packing filter layer 9, through the synergistic effect of plants and microorganisms, the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus removal is further enhanced. After the wastewater is fully treated, it enters the quartz sand packing filter layer 10 from above the second partition plate 19. In the quartz sand packing filter layer 10, through the denitrification of quartz sand, the denitrification treatment is further enhanced, and the total nitrogen in the wastewater is removed, further improving the effluent quality. Since the plant roots of the vegetation layer 6 are attached with aerobic microorganisms, the nitrification reaction is relatively comprehensive, and the quartz sand packing filter layer 10 and the gravel layer 11 are rich in denitrifying bacteria, effectively reducing the contents of nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen in the wastewater and further improving the effluent index. Finally, the treated wastewater is discharged from the constructed wetland 2 through the outlet pipe 12.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An artificial wetland with sewage treatment effect, comprising an aerated grit chamber (1) and an artificial wetland (2), characterized in that: The top of the aerated grit chamber (1) is hinged with a movable cover plate (5); the top left side of the aerated grit chamber (1) is fixedly connected to an aeration fan (17); the output end of the aeration fan (17) is fixedly connected to an aeration pipe (3); the bottom end of the aeration pipe (3) is provided with an aeration hole (4); the outer wall of the aeration pipe (3) is electrically connected to a power transmission line (15); the left end of the power transmission line (15) is electrically connected to a solar photovoltaic device (14); the top right side of the aerated grit chamber (1) is penetrated by and fixedly connected to a delivery pipe (13); the bottom of the inner wall of the aerated grit chamber (1) is provided with an inclined surface (16); the top inner wall of the artificial wetland (2) is fixedly connected to a vegetation layer (6); the bottom of the vegetation layer (6) is provided with a filter layer (7); and the right side of the artificial wetland (2) is fixedly connected to a water outlet pipe (12).

2. The artificial wetland with sewage treatment effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter layer (7) comprises a zeolite filler filter layer (8), a first partition plate (18) being fixedly connected to the right side of the zeolite filler filter layer (8), a vermiculite filler filter layer (9) being fixedly connected to the right side of the first partition plate (18), a second partition plate (19) being fixedly connected to the right side of the vermiculite filler filter layer (9), a quartz sand filler filter layer (10) being fixedly connected to the right side of the second partition plate (19), and a gravel layer (11) being fixedly connected to the bottom of the quartz sand filler filter layer (10).

3. The artificial wetland with sewage treatment effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the aeration pipe (3) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the aeration grit chamber (1); the inner wall of the aeration grit chamber (1) is fixedly connected to a coarse-aperture grid (20); and the inner wall of the aeration grit chamber (1) is fixedly connected to a fine-aperture grid (21).

4. The artificial wetland with sewage treatment effect according to claim 2, characterized in that: The zeolite filler filter layer (8) is filled with zeolite material.

5. The artificial wetland with sewage treatment effect according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vermiculite filler filter layer (9) is filled with vermiculite material.

6. The artificial wetland with sewage treatment effect according to claim 2, characterized in that: The quartz sand filler filter layer (10) is filled with quartz sand material.

7. The artificial wetland with sewage treatment effect according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gravel layer (11) is filled with pebble material and gravel material.

8. The artificial wetland with sewage treatment effect according to claim 7, characterized in that: The gravel layers (11) are provided in three groups, and the three groups of gravel layers (11) are distributed in an array along the bottom of the inner wall of the artificial wetland (2).

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