Anti-blocking aeration backwashing device, cleaning system and constructed wetland substrate backwashing system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly discloses an anti-blocking aeration backwashing device, a cleaning system and an artificial wetland substrate backwashing system, which adopt airflow backwashing to replace water flow washing, and utilize the characteristic that bubbles naturally float in water to take away obstructions in gaps of a substrate layer, so as to achieve the purpose of preventing blockage. Meanwhile, each layer of the matrix is also protected from being dispersed and mixed; blockage in the aeration device is prevented through a gravity self-sealing air guide structure, and long-term maintenance is facilitated; each filter layer of the constructed wetland is cleaned through the aeration devices which are distributed in an array manner, so that the cleaning efficiency is high, and the substrate layer of the constructed wetland system is effectively prevented from being blocked; an aeration system and a backwashing system are combined into a whole, and backwashing is carried out while aeration is carried out, so that the construction cost and the operation cost are saved, and the system is suitable for popularization and promotion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and more specifically to an aeration backwashing device for preventing blockage, a cleaning system and an artificial wetland matrix backwashing system. Background Art

[0002] Constructed wetlands are artificially designed and constructed wastewater treatment systems that simulate natural wetland ecosystems. Their fundamental principle is to utilize natural elements such as soil, plants, and microorganisms within wetlands to purify wastewater through a triple process of physical, chemical, and biological purification. This treatment method offers the advantages of low investment, low operating costs, and environmental friendliness, making it particularly suitable for wastewater treatment in rural areas and small towns. Furthermore, constructed wetlands offer a positive ecological landscape effect, contributing to the overall quality of the surrounding environment.

[0003] Aeration equipment can effectively improve the wastewater treatment capacity of constructed wetland systems by rapidly transferring oxygen from the air into the water, increasing the dissolved oxygen content. The aeration process not only promotes the growth and metabolism of aerobic microorganisms within the wetland, accelerating the decomposition and removal of pollutants, but also eliminates harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide and methane. Furthermore, aeration promotes convection and exchange within the water, enhancing water mixing and achieving a more even distribution of microorganisms, which facilitates their degradation. Therefore, aeration equipment has become widely used in landscape construction and aquaculture, such as constructed wetlands and hydroponic crops, playing a vital role in water purification.

[0004] The design and application of aeration equipment requires consideration of numerous factors, including aeration parameters, duct layout, and maintenance. Proper aeration parameter settings ensure efficient wetland system operation while reducing energy consumption and operating and maintenance costs. Furthermore, aeration equipment must exhibit excellent corrosion resistance and stability to accommodate the complexity and variability of wetland environments.

[0005] One of the prominent problems with existing aeration devices is that, in order to prevent the air guide channel from being easily blocked, it can only be installed in the water body above the matrix layer. Due to the complex and changeable wetland environment, the water body may contain a large amount of suspended matter, sediment and other impurities. After the aeration is completed, these impurities are easily deposited in the air guide channel due to the backflow of water, causing the channel to be blocked. Once the air guide channel is blocked, it will not only affect the aeration effect and reduce the purification capacity of the wetland system, but may also cause equipment damage and increase maintenance costs. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve and optimize the existing aeration devices. This can be done by improving the structural design of the aeration equipment and adding anti-blocking measures. In addition, the improved aeration nozzle also needs to be able to be installed in the matrix layer, so that while aerating, it can also achieve the function of backwashing to clear the gaps in the matrix layer to maintain the stability of the sewage treatment capacity of the artificial wetland. Utility Model Content

[0006] The present invention aims to overcome at least one of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and provides an aeration backwashing device, a cleaning system and an artificial wetland matrix backwashing system for preventing blockage, so as to solve the problem that the efficiency of the existing artificial wetland matrix layer used for water filtration decreases due to blockage after long-term use.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present utility model is to provide an aeration backwashing device for preventing blockage, which is characterized by comprising: an air guide body, a jet plane is provided on the top of the air guide body, and a plurality of air guide channels are distributed on the jet plane; an air outlet cavity and an air supply cavity are provided in a connected manner in the air guide body, and the air outlet cavity is communicated with the air guide channel; a movable counterweight sealing block for controlling the connection between the air outlet cavity and the air supply cavity is provided in the air guide body; an air inlet is provided on the air guide body, and the air inlet is communicated with the air supply cavity.

[0008] The above-mentioned device has a simple structure. The impact of the airflow on the jet plane can form a strong scouring force, which can prevent the air guide channel and the outside of the aeration device from being blocked while achieving the basic function of aeration. The counterweight sealing block realizes the on-off control between the air outlet chamber and the air supply chamber through gravity self-sealing, achieving the effect of preventing backflow and blockage. The pores of the air guide channel are small, and impurity particles such as suspended matter and silt are not easy to enter. Even if impurity particles enter the air outlet chamber, they move upward with the airflow during aeration and are blocked by the counterweight sealing block after the aeration is completed, thereby effectively preventing the blockage of pipes or equipment in the long term, reducing maintenance costs and improving the operating efficiency and stability of the entire system. Existing backwashing devices generally use water flushing. The utility model uses airflow backwashing, taking advantage of the natural floating characteristics of bubbles in water to remove obstructions in the gaps between the substrate layers, while also protecting the various layers of the substrate from being dispersed or mixed. This system combines the aeration system and the backwashing system into one, performing backwashing during aeration, saving construction costs and operating costs.

[0009] Furthermore, at least one side of the counterweight closure block facing the air jet plane is curved. When the air outlet cavity and the air supply cavity are connected, the counterweight closure block is suspended between the air jet plane and the air supply cavity. The curved surface of the counterweight closure block facilitates directing a portion of the airflow from the inner wall of the air outlet cavity toward the axis, ensuring uniform airflow through the multiple air guide channels on the air jet plane. This allows for a rapid response after air supply begins, allowing the air guide channels to quickly release a large amount of airflow and prevent blockage.

[0010] Furthermore, the counterweight sealing block comprises a flexible wrapping layer and a counterweight core disposed within the flexible wrapping layer. The height of the counterweight sealing block is less than or equal to the height of the air outlet cavity. The flexible wrapping layer prevents the counterweight sealing block from colliding with the air injection plane or the air guide cavity and enhances the sealing effect. Limiting the height of the counterweight sealing block effectively controls its movement trajectory, ensuring that it remains suspended between the air injection plane and the air supply cavity during aeration. This optimizes on / off switching, improves response speed, and prevents backflow.

[0011] Furthermore, the jet plane is positioned above the air guide body, and the cross-section of the air outlet cavity gradually increases from bottom to top, being no smaller than that of the air supply cavity. This gradual increase in the cross-section of the air outlet cavity guides and expands the air supply plane, facilitating the gradual diffusion of gas during flow, resulting in a uniform airflow distribution and improving the operating efficiency of the device. The cross-section of the air outlet cavity gradually decreases downward, facilitating the self-reset of the counterweight closure block.

[0012] Furthermore, the air guide channels are vertically arranged and evenly distributed on the jet plane; the cross-section of the air guide channels is circular with a diameter of 0.5 cm to 3 cm, effectively preventing sedimentation and blockage while enhancing the flushing force to ensure that the gas can be ejected smoothly through the air guide channels.

[0013] Furthermore, the counterweight sealing block is spherical, the air outlet cavity is truncated cone-shaped, and the air supply cavity is cylindrical. When the counterweight sealing block is engaged with the air supply cavity, the height of the counterweight sealing block within the air supply cavity is one-quarter to one-sixth of the height of the counterweight sealing block. This design ensures a good sealing effect when the counterweight sealing block engages with the air supply cavity, while reducing manufacturing difficulty and cost.

[0014] Another object of the present invention is to provide a cleaning system for preventing blockage, comprising an air source and an air supply network, and an aeration device for preventing blockage, the air supply network being connected to the air inlet of the aeration device. This system can generate bubble impact to eliminate blockages and is suitable for use in situations requiring regular cleaning or preventing blockage.

[0015] In the cleaning system design, aeration devices are arranged vertically and arranged in an array, with the spray plane facing horizontally upward. This design amplifies the impact force and creates a uniform force, which not only effectively eliminates blockages but also increases the oxygen content in the water and promotes biological action.

[0016] Another object of the present invention is to provide a constructed wetland matrix backwash system, comprising a green layer and a water layer disposed below the green layer, and including the aforementioned anti-clogging cleaning system, wherein the aeration device is disposed between the green layer and the water layer. This design utilizes the aeration device within the water layer to generate a large number of bubbles. These bubbles act on the roots of the green layer, promoting rapid adsorption by the green layer; they also increase the oxygen content of the water, promoting biological action, and facilitating water purification.

[0017] Furthermore, a matrix layer is provided between the green layer and the water layer. The matrix layer is divided, from top to bottom, into a soil filter layer, a sand filter layer, a carbon residue filter layer, and a gravel filter layer. The aeration devices are arranged in a planar array within the matrix layer. This layered arrangement and distribution utilizes the force of gas injection and rising bubbles to impact each filter layer, eliminating blockages between the filter layers and maintaining the stability of the constructed wetland matrix layer's sewage treatment capacity.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] The utility model provides an aeration device, a cleaning system and a wetland system for preventing blockage, which adopt air flow backwashing instead of water flow flushing, and utilize the natural floating property of air bubbles in water to carry away blockages in the gaps between substrate layers, while also protecting the substrate layers from being dispersed and mixed; a gravity-self-sealed air guide structure is used to prevent blockage in the aeration device, thereby facilitating long-term maintenance; an array-distributed aeration device is used to clean the filter layers of the artificial wetland, with high cleaning efficiency, effectively preventing blockage in the substrate layer of the artificial wetland system; the aeration system and the backwashing system are combined into one, and backwashing is performed during aeration, thereby saving construction costs and operating costs, and being suitable for popularization and promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the gas guide body of Example 1 of the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 These are the top view and side view of the air guide body of Example 1 of the present utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the wetland system of Example 1 of the present utility model.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals: water layer 1000 , green plant layer 2000 , air guide body 1100 , air supply network 1200 , jet plane 1110 , air guide channel 1111 , air outlet cavity 1120 , air supply cavity 1130 , counterweight sealing block 1140 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The drawings in this utility model are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model. To better illustrate the following embodiments, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced in size, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the products. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted from the drawings.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides an aeration device for preventing blockage, including an air guide body 1100, the top of the air guide body 1100 is provided with an air jet plane 1110, and a plurality of air guide channels 1111 are distributed on the air jet plane 1110; the air guide body 1100 is provided with a connected air outlet cavity 1120 and an air supply cavity 1130, and the air outlet cavity 1120 is connected to the air guide channel 1111; the air guide body 1100 is provided with a movable counterweight sealing block 1140 for controlling the connection between the air outlet cavity 1120 and the air supply cavity 1130; the air guide body 1100 is provided with an air inlet, and the air inlet is connected to the air supply cavity 1130.

[0027] The above-mentioned device has a simple structure. The impact of the airflow on the jet plane 1110 can generate a strong scouring force, which can prevent the air guide channel 1111 and the outside of the aeration device from being blocked while achieving the basic function of aeration. The counterweight sealing block 1140 realizes the on-off control between the air outlet chamber 1120 and the air supply chamber 1130 by gravity self-sealing, achieving the effect of preventing backflow and blocking. In terms of preventing blockage within the device, the pores of the air guide channel 1111 are relatively small, and impurity particles such as suspended matter and silt are not easily entered. Even if impurity particles enter the air outlet chamber 1120, they move upward with the airflow during aeration and are blocked by the counterweight sealing block 1140 after the aeration is completed. This effectively prevents the blockage of pipelines or equipment in the long term, reduces maintenance costs, and improves the operating efficiency and stability of the entire system.

[0028] At least one side of the counterweight sealing block 1140 facing the air jet plane 1110 is curved. When the air outlet cavity 1120 and the air supply cavity 1130 are connected, the counterweight sealing block 1140 is suspended between the air jet plane 1110 and the air supply cavity 1130. The curved surface structure of the counterweight sealing block 1140 facilitates guiding part of the airflow from the inner wall of the air outlet cavity 1120 toward the axis, ensuring that the airflow flows evenly through the multiple air guide channels 1111 on the air jet plane 1110. This allows for a quick response after air supply begins, allowing the air guide channels 1111 to quickly release a large amount of airflow and prevent blockage.

[0029] The counterweight sealing block 1140 has a diameter of 32 mm and a height less than that of the air outlet cavity 1120. It comprises a flexible rubber coating and a steel counterweight core disposed within the flexible coating. The rubber coating serves both corrosion protection and sealing functions. The flexible coating prevents the counterweight sealing block 1140 from colliding with and damaging the jet plane 1110 or the air guide cavity, while also enhancing the sealing effect. Limiting the height of the counterweight sealing block 1140 effectively controls its trajectory, ensuring that it remains suspended between the jet plane 1110 and the air supply cavity 1130 during aeration. This optimizes on-off switching, improves response speed, and prevents backflow.

[0030] The jet plane 1110 is arranged above the air guide body 1100, with an outer diameter of 67.2mm and an inner diameter of 62mm. The air supply cavity 1130 has an outer diameter of 32mm, an inner diameter of 28mm, and a length of 25mm; the air outlet cavity 1120 has a height of 31.5mm, and its bottom cross-section is consistent with the cross-section of the air supply cavity 1130, and then gradually increases from bottom to top. The cross-section of the air outlet cavity 1120 gradually increases from bottom to top, so that the air supply plane is guided and expanded, which is conducive to ensuring that the gas can gradually diffuse during the flow process, forming a uniform airflow distribution, and improving the operating efficiency of the device. The cross-section of the air outlet cavity 1120 gradually decreases downward, which is conducive to guiding the counterweight sealing block 1140 to reset itself.

[0031] The air guide channels 1111 are vertically arranged and evenly distributed on the jet plane 1110. The cross-section of the air guide channels 1111 is circular with a diameter of 3 mm, effectively preventing sedimentation and blockage while enhancing the flushing force, ensuring that the gas can be ejected smoothly through the air guide channels 1111.

[0032] The counterweight sealing block 1140 is spherical, the air outlet cavity 1120 is truncated cone-shaped, and the air supply cavity 1130 is cylindrical. When the counterweight sealing block 1140 and the air supply cavity 1130 are engaged, the height of the counterweight sealing block 1140 within the air supply cavity 1130 is between one-quarter and one-sixth of the height of the counterweight sealing block 1140. This design ensures a good sealing effect when the counterweight sealing block 1140 and the air supply cavity 1130 are engaged, while reducing manufacturing difficulty and cost.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment also provides a cleaning system for preventing blockage, comprising an air source and an air supply network 1200, and an aeration device for preventing blockage, as described above. The air supply network 1200 is connected to the air inlet of the aeration device. This system can generate bubble impact to eliminate blockages and is suitable for scenarios requiring regular cleaning or anti-blockage.

[0034] In the cleaning system design, aeration devices are arranged vertically and arranged in an array, with the spray plane facing horizontally upward. This design amplifies the impact force and creates a uniform force, which not only effectively eliminates blockages but also increases the oxygen content in the water and promotes biological action.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment also provides a wetland system for water purification, comprising a green plant layer 2000 and a water layer 1000 disposed below the green plant layer 2000, and further comprising the aforementioned cleaning system for preventing blockage, wherein the aeration device is disposed between the green plant layer 2000 and the water layer 1000. The above design utilizes the aeration device within the water layer 1000 to generate a large number of bubbles. On the one hand, the bubbles act on the roots of the green plant layer 2000, promoting rapid adsorption of the green plant layer 2000; on the other hand, the oxygen content of the water is increased, promoting biological action, and facilitating water purification.

[0036] A matrix layer is provided between the green plant layer 2000 and the water layer 1000. The matrix layer is divided into, from top to bottom, a soil filter layer, a sand filter layer, a carbon residue filter layer, and a gravel filter layer. The aeration devices are arranged in a planar array within the matrix layer. This layered arrangement and distribution utilizes the force of gas injection and rising bubbles to impact each filter layer, eliminating blockages between the filter layers and improving cleaning and anti-blocking efficiency.

[0037] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the specific implementation methods of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the claims of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aeration backwash device for preventing blockage, characterized in that: include: An air guide body, wherein a jet plane is provided on the top of the air guide body, and a plurality of air guide channels are distributed on the jet plane; The air guide body is provided with a connected air outlet cavity and an air supply cavity, and the air outlet cavity is connected to the air guide channel; the air guide body is provided with a movable counterweight sealing block for controlling the connection between the air outlet cavity and the air supply cavity; the air guide body is provided with an air inlet, and the air inlet is connected to the air supply cavity.

2. The aeration backwashing device for preventing blockage according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one side of the counterweight closing block facing the air jet plane is an arc surface. When the air outlet cavity and the air supply cavity are connected, the counterweight closing block is suspended between the air jet plane and the air supply cavity.

3. The aeration backwashing device for preventing blockage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The counterweight closing block includes: a flexible wrapping layer and a counterweight core arranged in the flexible wrapping layer. The height of the counterweight closing block is less than or equal to the height of the air outlet cavity.

4. The aeration backwashing device for preventing blockage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air jet plane is arranged above the air guide body, and the cross section of the air outlet cavity gradually increases from bottom to top, and the cross section of the air outlet cavity is not smaller than that of the air supply cavity.

5. An aeration backwashing device for preventing blockage according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The air guide channels are vertically arranged and evenly distributed on the air jet plane; the cross-section of the air guide channels is circular and has a diameter of 0.5 cm to 3 cm.

6. An aeration backwashing device for preventing blockage according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The counterweight closing block is spherical, the air outlet cavity is truncated cone, and the air supply cavity is cylindrical. When the counterweight closing block cooperates with the air supply cavity, the height of the counterweight closing block in the air supply cavity is one quarter to one sixth of the height of the counterweight closing block.

7. A cleaning system for preventing blockage, comprising an air source and an air supply network, characterized in that: It also includes an aeration device for preventing blockage according to any one of several claims 1 to 6, and the air supply pipe network is connected to the air inlet of the aeration device.

8. The anti-blocking cleaning system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The aeration devices are arranged vertically to form an array distribution, with the spraying plane facing horizontally upwards.

9. A constructed wetland matrix backwash system, comprising a green layer and a water layer disposed below the green layer, characterized in that: It also includes a cleaning system for preventing blockage according to any one of claims 7-8, wherein the aeration device is arranged between the green plant layer and the water layer.

10. The artificial wetland matrix backwashing system according to claim 9, characterized in that: A matrix layer is provided between the green plant layer and the water layer. The matrix layer is divided into a soil filter layer, a sand filter layer, a carbon residue filter layer and a gravel filter layer from top to bottom. The aeration device is distributed in a planar array within the matrix layer.

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