Glass antenna and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a glass antenna and a vehicle. A glass body of the glass antenna comprises an outer glass plate and an inner glass plate which are arranged in a stacked mode, an antenna unit comprises an antenna branch knot, a grounding conductor and a feed port, and part of the antenna branch knot is located between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate. The other part of the antenna stub extends out of the glass body through the edge of the outer glass plate and the edge of the inner glass plate and is electrically connected with the feed port, and the other part of the grounding conductor is located between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate. The other part of the grounding conductor extends out of the glass body through the edge of the outer glass plate and the edge of the inner glass plate and is grounded, the feed port is located outside the glass body, and at least part of the antenna branch knot and at least part of the grounding conductor are arranged in a coplanar mode and form a coupling gap. The glass antenna and the vehicle provided by the utility model are beneficial to considering radiation and sealing performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of vehicles, and particularly to a glass antenna and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In the vehicle industry, the methods of installing antennas are mainly divided into two categories. One is to place a box antenna at the position of the center console below the front windshield, and the other is to set a printed antenna on the inner surface of the front windshield and connect it to in-vehicle electrical components (Telematics BOX, T-BOX) through a coaxial cable.

[0003] For the first antenna installation scheme mentioned above, the antenna radiation needs to pass through the encapsulated housing first, then through the center console, and then radiate outward through the front windshield. During the radiation process, the energy loss is relatively large.

[0004] For the second antenna installation scheme mentioned above, the coaxial cable connecting the printed antenna and the in-vehicle T-BOX needs to pass through the sealing strip of the front windshield, or through the interior trim panel and the body sheet metal, which is likely to affect the sealing performance of the vehicle, and the antenna radiation is also seriously interfered. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a glass antenna and a vehicle that are conducive to balancing radiation and sealing performance.

[0006] On the one hand, this application provides a glass antenna, including:

[0007] A glass body, the glass body includes an outer glass plate and an inner glass plate arranged in a stacked manner; and

[0008] An antenna unit, the antenna unit includes antenna branches, a grounding conductor, and a feeding port. Part of the antenna branches are located between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate, and the other part of the antenna branches extend out of the glass body through the edge between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate and are electrically connected to the feeding port. Part of the grounding conductor is located between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate, and the other part of the grounding conductor extends out of the glass body through the edge between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate and is grounded. The feeding port is located outside the glass body, and at least part of the antenna branches and at least part of the grounding conductor are arranged coplanarly and form a coupling gap.

[0009] In a possible embodiment, the antenna stub includes a main radiation stub, a feed radiation stub, and a feed transmission stub. The main radiation stub and the feed radiation stub are both located between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate. One end of the feed radiation stub is connected to the main radiation stub, and the other end is connected to the feed transmission stub. The feed transmission stub is located outside the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate, and the feed transmission stub is connected to the feed port. The ground conductor includes a first ground segment and a second ground segment connected to each other. The first ground segment is located between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate, and the second ground segment is located outside the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate and is grounded. The main radiation stub, the feed radiation stub, and the first ground segment are coplanarly arranged and form a first coupling gap. The feed transmission stub and the second ground segment are coplanarly arranged and form a second coupling gap.

[0010] In a possible embodiment, the first ground segment includes a first sub-ground segment, a second sub-ground segment, a third sub-ground segment, a fourth sub-ground segment, and a fifth sub-ground segment that are sequentially bent and connected. The first sub-ground segment and the third sub-ground segment are oppositely arranged. The second sub-ground segment and the fourth sub-ground segment are oppositely arranged. The fifth sub-ground segment and the third sub-ground segment are oppositely arranged. The second ground segment includes a sixth sub-ground segment, a seventh sub-ground segment, and an eighth sub-ground segment that are sequentially bent and connected. The sixth sub-ground segment and the eighth sub-ground segment are oppositely arranged. The sixth sub-ground segment is connected to one end of the first sub-ground segment away from the second sub-ground segment. The eighth sub-ground segment is connected to one end of the fifth sub-ground segment away from the fourth sub-ground segment. The first sub-ground segment and the fifth sub-ground segment are respectively spaced on opposite sides of the feed radiation stub. The second sub-ground segment, the third sub-ground segment, and the fourth sub-ground segment surround the main radiation stub. The sixth sub-ground segment, the seventh sub-ground segment, and the eighth sub-ground segment surround the feed transmission stub.

[0011] In a possible embodiment, the main radiation stub includes a first main radiation segment and a second main radiation segment. The first main radiation segment and the second main radiation segment are respectively connected to opposite sides of the feed radiation stub. The electrical length of the first main radiation segment is different from the electrical length of the second main radiation segment.

[0012] In a possible embodiment, the main radiation stub is rectangular, and the width of the main radiation stub is greater than the width of the feed radiation stub.

[0013] In a possible embodiment, the main radiation stub includes a first edge and a second edge which are oppositely arranged. The feeding radiation stub is connected to the first edge, and at least one of the first edge and the second edge has a first sub-edge and a second sub-edge whose extending directions intersect.

[0014] In a possible embodiment, the antenna stub further includes a tuning radiation stub. The tuning radiation stub is located between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate, and is arranged coplanarly with the main radiation stub and the feeding radiation stub. The extending direction of the tuning radiation stub intersects with the extending direction of the feeding radiation stub.

[0015] In a possible embodiment, the antenna unit further includes a dielectric substrate. The dielectric substrate includes a first substrate portion and a second substrate portion which are connected. The first substrate portion is located between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate and is used for carrying the main radiation stub, the feeding radiation stub and the first grounding segment. The second substrate portion is located outside the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate and is used for carrying the feeding transmission stub and the second grounding segment.

[0016] In a possible embodiment, the antenna unit supports low frequency bands, medium frequency bands and high frequency bands.

[0017] On the other hand, the present application also provides a vehicle including the glass antenna described above.

[0018] The glass antenna and the vehicle provided by the present application include a glass body and an antenna unit. Since some antenna stubs in the antenna unit are located between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate of the glass body, and some grounding conductors are located between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate of the glass body, the antenna stubs and the grounding conductors can directly radiate outward through the outer glass plate, and the energy loss during the radiation process is reduced. Another part of the antenna stubs extends outside the glass body between the edge of the outer glass plate and the edge of the inner glass plate, and another part of the grounding conductors extends outside the glass body between the edge of the outer glass plate and the edge of the inner glass plate. The antenna stub located outside the glass body is electrically connected to the feeding port located outside the glass body, and the grounding conductor located outside the glass body is grounded. Therefore, when connecting the antenna unit to the vehicle-mounted T-BOX through a coaxial cable, the coaxial cable can avoid the sealant strip provided on the inner surface of the glass body and can avoid the vehicle body components located inside the glass body, so as to avoid affecting the sealing performance of the vehicle and can reduce the interference of the metal in the vehicle body components to the antenna unit. In addition, since at least part of the antenna stubs and at least part of the grounding conductors are arranged coplanarly and form a coupling gap, both the antenna stubs and the grounding conductors can participate in radiation, and the grounding conductor can serve as the boundary of the antenna stub to suppress the surface wave generated by the antenna stub, thereby further improving the radiation performance. Description of the Drawings

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the accompanying drawings required for the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 For Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a body assembly, an in-vehicle T-BOX, and a glass antenna in the vehicle shown;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a glass antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional diagram of a glass antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 For Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit in the glass antenna shown;

[0025] Figure 6 For Figure 4 Another schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit in the glass antenna shown;

[0026] Figure 7 For Figure 4 Another schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit in the glass antenna shown;

[0027] Figure 8 For Figure 4 Another schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit in the glass antenna shown;

[0028] Figure 9 For Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a ground conductor in the antenna unit shown;

[0029] Figure 10 For Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of an antenna stub in the antenna unit shown;

[0030] Figure 11 For Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of an antenna stub in the antenna unit shown;

[0031] Figure 12 For Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of an antenna stub in the antenna unit of the glass antenna shown;

[0032] Figure 13 For Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of an antenna stub in the antenna unit shown;

[0033] Figure 14 is Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of the antenna branches in the antenna unit shown;

[0034] Figure 15 Another cross-sectional schematic diagram of the glass antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 16 is Figure 3 The echo loss curve graph of the glass antenna shown;

[0036] Figure 17 is Figure 6 The current distribution diagram when the antenna unit shown supports the low-frequency band;

[0037] Figure 18 is Figure 6 The current distribution diagram when the antenna unit shown supports the medium-frequency band;

[0038] Figure 19 is Figure 6 The current distribution diagram when the antenna unit shown supports the high-frequency band.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0040] Vehicle 1000; Glass antenna 100; Glass body 10; Antenna unit 20; Body assembly 30; Vehicle-mounted electrical component 40; Coaxial cable 50; Body sheet metal 301; Sealing strip 302; Outer glass plate 101; Inner glass plate 102; Bonding layer 103; First surface 110; Second surface 112; Third surface 120; Fourth surface 121; Antenna branch 201; Ground conductor 202; Feeding port 203; Encapsulation cover 60; Main radiation branch 210; Feeding radiation branch 211; Feeding transmission branch 212; First grounding section 220; Second grounding section 221; First sub-grounding section 222; Second sub-grounding section 223; Third sub-grounding section 224; Fourth sub-grounding section 225; Fifth sub-grounding section 226; Sixth sub-grounding section 227; Seventh sub-grounding section 228; Eighth sub-grounding section 229; First main radiation section 213; Second main radiation section 214; First edge 2101; Second edge 2102; Tuning radiation branch 205; Dielectric substrate 206; First substrate part 260; Second substrate part 261. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] Next, the technical solutions provided by the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described in the present application are only a part of the embodiments, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments described in the present application without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0042] Reference to "embodiment" in this application means that the specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The phrase appearing in various positions in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment to other embodiments. Those skilled in the art can explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0043] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example: A component or device comprising one or more components is not limited to the one or more components listed, but optionally further includes one or more components not listed but inherent in the product exemplified, or one or more components that it should have based on the described function.

[0044] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided for an embodiment of this application, Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram of a body assembly 30, an in-vehicle T-BOX, and a glass antenna 100 in the vehicle 1000 shown, Figure 3 a schematic structural diagram of a glass antenna 100 provided for an embodiment of this application, Figure 4 a schematic cross-sectional diagram of a glass antenna 100 provided for an embodiment of this application. The vehicle 1000 includes a body assembly 30, in-vehicle electrical components 40, and a glass antenna 100. The glass antenna 100 includes a glass body 10 and an antenna unit 20. The body assembly 30 may include a body sheet metal 301, an interior trim panel, and a sealing strip 302 sealed between the edge of the inner surface of the glass body 10 and the body sheet metal 301 and the interior trim panel. The in-vehicle electrical components 40 may include an in-vehicle T-BOX.

[0045] Among them, the glass body 10 can be used as the front windshield, rear windshield, door glass, sunroof glass, triangular window glass, etc. of the vehicle 1000. The glass body 10 includes an outer glass plate 101 and an inner glass plate 102 which are stacked. The outer glass plate 101 includes a first surface 110 and a second surface 112 which face away from each other. The inner glass plate 102 includes a third surface 120 and a fourth surface 121 which face away from each other. The first surface 110 of the outer glass plate 101 faces the outside of the vehicle 1000. The fourth surface 121 of the inner glass plate 102 faces the inside of the vehicle 1000. It can be understood that the first surface 110 forms the outer surface of the glass body 10, and the fourth surface 121 forms the inner surface of the glass body 10. The glass body 10 further includes an adhesive layer 103 disposed between the second surface 112 and the third surface 120. The adhesive layer 103 is used to connect the outer glass plate 101 and the inner glass plate 102 into one body. In other words, the glass body 10 includes the outer glass plate 101, the adhesive layer 103, and the inner glass plate 102 which are stacked in sequence. This application does not specifically limit the thickness of the outer glass plate 101 and the thickness of the inner glass plate 102. Optionally, the thickness of the outer glass plate 101 can be between 1.8 mm and 2.5 mm, and the thickness of the inner glass plate 102 can be between 1.8 mm and 2.5 mm. The thickness of the outer glass plate 101 and the thickness of the inner glass plate 102 can be the same or different. The material of the adhesive layer 103 can include polyvinyl butyral (PVB), or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). This application does not specifically limit the thickness of the adhesive layer 103. Optionally, the thickness of the adhesive layer 103 can be between 0.5 mm and 1.5 mm.

[0046] The antenna unit 20 is used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals under the control of the in-vehicle T-BOX. Among them, part of the antenna unit 20 is located between the outer glass plate 101 and the inner glass plate 102, and is used to radiate electromagnetic wave signals to the outside of the vehicle 1000 through the outer glass plate 101. Another part of the antenna unit 20 extends out of the glass body 10 between the edge of the outer glass plate 101 and the edge of the inner glass plate 102 to be electrically connected to the in-vehicle T-BOX located inside the vehicle 1000. Specifically, the antenna unit 20 includes antenna branches 201, a grounding conductor 202, and a feeding port 203. Part of the antenna branches 201 are located between the outer glass plate 101 and the inner glass plate 102, and another part of the antenna branches 201 extend out of the glass body 10 between the edge of the outer glass plate 101 and the edge of the inner glass plate 102 and are electrically connected to the feeding port 203. Part of the grounding conductor 202 is located between the outer glass plate 101 and the inner glass plate 102, and another part of the grounding conductor 202 extends out of the glass body 10 between the edge of the outer glass plate 101 and the edge of the inner glass plate 102 and is grounded. The feeding port 203 is located outside the glass body 10. At least part of the antenna branches 201 and at least part of the grounding conductor 202 are arranged coplanarly and form a coupling gap.

[0047] The antenna branch 201 is a conductor with specific dimensions. The material of the antenna branch 201 includes but is not limited to metals, or conductive materials such as alloys. In a possible embodiment, the material of the antenna branch 201 can be copper. The shape of the antenna branch 201 includes but is not limited to strip-shaped, or sheet-shaped, etc. The length extension mode of the antenna branch 201 includes but is not limited to linear extension, or curved extension, or bent extension, etc. The width of the antenna branch 201 can be uniform, or gradually changing, or have a sudden change. The antenna branch 201 obtains an excitation signal through the feeding port 203.

[0048] The material of the grounding conductor 202 includes but is not limited to metals, or conductive materials such as alloys. The material of the grounding conductor 202 can be the same as or different from the material of the antenna branch 201. In a possible embodiment, the material of the grounding conductor 202 can be copper. The grounding conductor 202 can be arranged on opposite sides of the antenna branch 201, or the grounding conductor 202 can be arranged to surround the antenna branch 201. The length extension mode of the grounding conductor 202 includes but is not limited to linear extension, or curved extension, or bent extension, etc. The width of the grounding conductor 202 can be uniform, or gradually changing, or have a sudden change. The grounding conductor 202 is grounded, that is, the grounding conductor 202 is electrically connected to the reference ground. The reference ground refers to the part of the earth that is regarded as conductive and is not affected by any grounding configuration. The potential of the reference ground is conventionally set to zero.

[0049] The antenna stub 201 and the ground conductor 202 are arranged in the same plane. In a possible embodiment, the part of the antenna stub 201 between the outer glass plate 101 and the inner glass plate 102 and the part of the ground conductor 202 between the outer glass plate 101 and the inner glass plate 102 are arranged coplanarly, and the other part of the antenna stub 201 outside the outer glass plate 101 and the inner glass plate 102 and the other part of the ground conductor 202 outside the outer glass plate 101 and the inner glass plate 102 are arranged coplanarly. Of course, in other possible embodiments, the part of the antenna stub 201 between the outer glass plate 101 and the inner glass plate 102, the part of the ground conductor 202 between the outer glass plate 101 and the inner glass plate 102, the other part of the antenna stub 201 outside the outer glass plate 101 and the inner glass plate 102, and the other part of the ground conductor 202 outside the outer glass plate 101 and the inner glass plate 102 can be arranged coplanarly. The antenna stub 201 and the ground conductor 202 are spaced from each other to form a coupling gap. It can be understood that the antenna stub 201 and the ground conductor 202 can achieve the transmission of radiated energy through the coupling gap. The present application does not specifically limit the size of the coupling gap, and it only needs to meet the actual use requirements. For example, the size of the coupling gap can be between 1 mm and 5 mm.

[0050] By arranging at least part of the antenna stub 201 and at least part of the ground conductor 202 coplanarly and forming a coupling gap, a coplanar waveguide transmission can be formed between the antenna stub 201 and the ground conductor 202, so that both the antenna stub 201 and the ground conductor 202 participate in radiation, and the ground conductor 202 can be used as the boundary of the antenna stub 201 to suppress surface waves, thereby improving the radiation performance of the antenna unit 20.

[0051] Among them, the other part of the antenna stub 201 outside the glass body 10 is electrically connected to the feeding port 203. The antenna stub 201 and the feeding port 203 can be directly electrically connected or indirectly electrically connected. The other part of the ground conductor 202 outside the glass body 10 is grounded. The ground conductor 202 can be directly grounded or indirectly grounded. In the embodiment of the present application, the antenna stub 201 and the feeding port 203 are directly electrically connected, and the ground conductor 202 is grounded through an electrically connected coaxial cable 50.

[0052] The feeding port 203 and the grounding conductor 202 are electrically connected to the vehicle-mounted electrical component 40 through the coaxial line 50. In one possible embodiment, the inner core of the coaxial line 50 is welded to the feeding port 203 to achieve electrical connection, and the outer core of the coaxial line 50 is welded to the grounding conductor 202 to achieve electrical connection. In another possible embodiment, the feeding port 203 can be electrically connected to the inner core of the coaxial line 50 through a metal spring, and the grounding conductor 202 can be electrically connected to the outer core of the coaxial line 50 through a metal spring. The connection between the feeding port 203 and the coaxial line 50 and the connection between the grounding conductor 202 and the coaxial line 50 can be covered and sealed by a packaging cover 60.

[0053] In a possible embodiment, the feeding port 203 being located outside the glass body 10 can be understood as the orthographic projection of the feeding port 203 on the outer glass plate 101 being located outside the outer glass plate 101, and the orthographic projection of the feeding port 203 on the inner glass plate 102 being located outside the inner glass plate 102. In this embodiment, the other portion of the antenna branch 201 extending outside the glass body 10 does not need to be bent, and the other portion of the ground conductor 202 extending outside the glass body 10 does not need to be bent.

[0054] In another possible embodiment, the feeding port 203 may be located outside the glass body 10 or on the fourth surface 121 of the inner glass plate 102, or on the side of the fourth surface 121 of the inner glass plate 102 away from the third surface 120. In this case, the antenna branch 201 extending from the glass body 10 between the edge of the outer glass plate 101 and the edge of the inner glass plate 102 needs to be bent to the side of the fourth surface 121 of the inner glass plate 102 through the edge of the inner glass plate 102 to be electrically connected to the feeding port 203, and the grounding conductor 202 extending from the glass body 10 between the edge of the outer glass plate 101 and the edge of the inner glass plate 102 needs to be bent to the side of the fourth surface 121 of the inner glass plate 102 through the edge of the inner glass plate 102 to be grounded. In this embodiment, in order not to affect the sealing performance of the sealing strip 302, that is, the coaxial line 50 does not need to pass through the sealing strip 302, and the feeding port 203 needs to be located on the side of the sealing strip 302 away from the center of the glass body 10, that is, the feeding port 203 is located between the sealing strip 302 and the edge of the inner glass plate 102.

[0055] The feeding port 203, the antenna stub 201, and the grounding conductor 202 can be disposed in the same plane. In a possible embodiment, the feeding port 203, another part of the antenna stub 201 extending outside the glass body 10, and another part of the grounding conductor 202 extending outside the glass body 10 are disposed coplanarly. In another possible embodiment, the feeding port 203 can be disposed in a first plane, and another part of the antenna stub 201 extending outside the glass body 10 and another part of the grounding conductor 202 extending outside the glass body 10 can be disposed coplanarly in a second plane, and the first plane and the second plane can be disposed back to back. The feeding port 203 and the grounding conductor 202 need to be spaced apart to avoid short circuit. The present application does not specifically limit the spacing distance between the feeding port 203 and the grounding conductor 202, and it is only necessary to meet the actual use requirements.

[0056] The glass antenna 100 and the vehicle 1000 provided by the present application include a glass body 10 and an antenna unit 20. Since some of the antenna stubs 201 in the antenna unit 20 are located between the outer glass plate 101 and the inner glass plate 102 of the glass body 10, and some of the grounding conductors 202 are located between the outer glass plate 101 and the inner glass plate 102 of the glass body 10, the antenna stubs 201 and the grounding conductors 202 can directly radiate outward through the outer glass plate 101, and the energy loss during the radiation process is reduced. Another part of the antenna stub 201 extends outside the glass body 10 between the edge of the outer glass plate 101 and the edge of the inner glass plate 102, and another part of the grounding conductor 202 extends outside the glass body 10 between the edge of the outer glass plate 101 and the edge of the inner glass plate 102. The antenna stub 201 located outside the glass body 10 is electrically connected to the feeding port 203 located outside the glass body 10, and the grounding conductor 202 located outside the glass body 10 is grounded. Therefore, when connecting the antenna unit 20 to the vehicle-mounted T-BOX through the coaxial cable 50, the coaxial cable 50 can avoid the sealant strip 302 provided on the inner surface of the glass body 10 and can avoid the vehicle body component 30 located inside the glass body 10, thereby avoiding affecting the sealing performance of the vehicle 1000 and reducing the interference of the metal in the vehicle body component 30 on the antenna unit 20. In addition, since at least some of the antenna stubs 201 and at least some of the grounding conductors 202 are disposed coplanarly and form a coupling gap, both the antenna stub 201 and the grounding conductor 202 can participate in radiation, and the grounding conductor 202 can serve as the boundary of the antenna stub 201 to suppress the surface wave generated by the antenna stub 201, thereby further improving the radiation performance.

[0057] Please refer to Figures 5 to 8, in a possible embodiment, the antenna stub 201 includes a main radiation stub 210, a feeding radiation stub 211, and a feeding transmission stub 212. The main radiation stub 210 and the feeding radiation stub 211 are both located between the outer glass plate 101 and the inner glass plate 102. One end of the feeding radiation stub 211 is connected to the main radiation stub 210, and the other end is connected to the feeding transmission stub 212. The feeding transmission stub 212 is located outside the outer glass plate 101 and the inner glass plate 102, and the feeding transmission stub 212 is connected to the feeding port 203. The ground conductor 202 includes a first ground segment 220 and a second ground segment 221 connected to each other. The first ground segment 220 is located between the outer glass plate 101 and the inner glass plate 102, and the second ground segment 221 is located outside the outer glass plate 101 and the inner glass plate 102 and is grounded. The main radiation stub 210, the feeding radiation stub 211, and the first ground segment 220 are coplanarly arranged and form a first coupling gap. The feeding transmission stub 212 and the second ground segment 221 are coplanarly arranged and form a second coupling gap.

[0058] Among them, the main radiation stub 210 is located between the second surface 112 of the outer glass plate 101 and the third surface 120 of the inner glass plate 102 and is the main stub participating in radiation. The feeding radiation stub 211 is located between the second surface 112 of the outer glass plate 101 and the third surface 120 of the inner glass plate 102 and is used for transmitting the feeding signal and can also participate in a certain amount of radiation. The feeding transmission stub 212 is located outside the glass body 10 and is mainly used for transmitting the feeding signal. The main radiation stub 210, the feeding radiation stub 211, the feeding transmission stub 212, and the feeding port 203 are electrically connected in sequence. The first ground segment 220 is located between the second surface 112 of the outer glass plate 101 and the third surface 120 of the inner glass plate 102 and is mainly coupled with the main radiation stub 210 to participate in radiation and suppress the surface wave on the main radiation stub 210. The second ground segment 221 is located outside the glass body 10 and is mainly used for transmitting the ground return signal.

[0059] Among them, the widths of the main radiation stub 210, the feeding radiation stub 211, and the feeding transmission stub 212 may be the same or different. In a possible embodiment, the width of the main radiation stub 210 may be greater than the width of the feeding radiation stub 211, and the width of the feeding radiation stub 211 may be greater than or equal to the width of the feeding transmission stub 212. The size of the first coupling gap and the size of the second coupling gap may be the same or different. Among them, a first sub-coupling gap is formed between the main radiation stub 210 and the first grounding section 220, a second sub-coupling gap is formed between the feeding radiation stub 211 and the first grounding section 220, and the size of the first sub-coupling gap and the size of the second sub-coupling gap may be the same or different. In the embodiment of the present application, the size of the first sub-coupling gap formed between the main radiation stub 210 and the first grounding section 220 can be referred to as shown in Figures 5 to 8 L1 in the appendix, and the size of the second sub-coupling gap formed between the feeding radiation stub 211 and the first grounding section 220 can be referred to as shown in Figures 5 to 8 L2 in the appendix, and the second coupling gap formed between the feeding transmission stub 212 and the second grounding section 221 can be referred to as shown in Figures 5 to 8 L3 in the appendix.

[0060] In this embodiment, by arranging the antenna stub 201 located in the glass body 10 and the grounding conductor 202 located in the glass body 10 coplanarly, and arranging the antenna stub 201 located outside the glass body 10 and the grounding conductor 202 located outside the glass body 10 coplanarly, while realizing coplanar waveguide transmission, it is beneficial to carry out a highly differentiated design of the antenna stub 201 and the grounding conductor 202 inside and outside the glass body 10, so as to facilitate reducing the forming and laminating difficulty of the glass antenna 100, and is also beneficial to the connection of the feeding port 203 and the grounding conductor 202 with the coaxial cable 50 and the fixing of the glass antenna 100 to the vehicle body assembly 30.

[0061] Such as Figure 9As shown, the first grounding section 220 includes a first sub-grounding section 222, a second sub-grounding section 223, a third sub-grounding section 224, a fourth sub-grounding section 225, and a fifth sub-grounding section 226 that are sequentially bent and connected. The first sub-grounding section 222 is disposed opposite to the third sub-grounding section 224, the second sub-grounding section 223 is disposed opposite to the fourth sub-grounding section 225, and the fifth sub-grounding section 226 is disposed opposite to the third sub-grounding section 224. The second grounding section 221 includes a sixth sub-grounding section 227, a seventh sub-grounding section 228, and an eighth sub-grounding section 229 that are sequentially bent and connected. The sixth sub-grounding section 227 is disposed opposite to the eighth sub-grounding section 229. The sixth sub-grounding section 227 is connected to one end of the first sub-grounding section 222 away from the second sub-grounding section 223, and the eighth sub-grounding section 229 is connected to one end of the fifth sub-grounding section 226 away from the fourth sub-grounding section 225. The first sub-grounding section 222 and the fifth sub-grounding section 226 are respectively disposed at opposite sides of the feeding radiation stub 211 at intervals. The second sub-grounding section 223, the third sub-grounding section 224, and the fourth sub-grounding section 225 are disposed around the main radiation stub 210. The sixth sub-grounding section 227, the seventh sub-grounding section 228, and the eighth sub-grounding section 229 are disposed around the feeding transmission stub 212.

[0062] In this embodiment, the first grounding section 220 and the second grounding section 221 form an annular and closed grounding conductor 202. The first grounding section 220 is disposed around the main radiation stub 210 and the feeding radiation stub 211. The second grounding section 221 is disposed around the feeding transmission stub 212. Thus, a coplanar waveguide transmission can be formed between the first grounding section 220 and the main radiation stub 210 and the feeding radiation stub 211, and a coplanar waveguide transmission can be formed between the second grounding section 221 and the feeding transmission stub 212, that is, the overall antenna stub 201 and the grounding conductor 202 form a coplanar waveguide transmission.

[0063] Optionally, please refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11 , the main radiation stub 210 includes a first main radiation section 213 and a second main radiation section 214. The first main radiation section 213 and the second main radiation section 214 are respectively connected to opposite sides of the feeding radiation stub 211. The electrical length of the first main radiation section 213 is different from the electrical length of the second main radiation section 214.

[0064] In this embodiment, the antenna unit 20 can be understood as a multi-stub antenna unit. By making the main radiation stub 210 include the first main radiation section 213 and the second main radiation section 214 that are electrically connected to the feeding radiation stub 211, and the electrical length of the first main radiation section 213 is different from the electrical length of the second main radiation section 214, the antenna unit 20 can be enabled to support multiple frequency bands.

[0065] In a possible embodiment, the electrical length of the first main radiation section 213 may be less than that of the second main radiation section 214. To reduce the space occupied by the antenna element 20, the second main radiation section 214 may include a first sub-main radiation section, a second sub-main radiation section, a third main radiation section, and a fourth sub-main radiation section that are sequentially bent and connected. The first sub-main radiation section and the third main radiation section are disposed opposite to each other, the second sub-main radiation section and the fourth main radiation section are disposed opposite to each other, the length of the first sub-main radiation section is less than that of the third main radiation section, and the length of the fourth sub-main radiation section is less than that of the second main radiation section. In this embodiment, the first main radiation section 213 is mainly used to support the high-frequency band. The second main radiation section 214 is mainly used to support the medium-frequency band. The first main radiation section 213 and the second main radiation section 214 together support the low-frequency band.

[0066] Optionally, as Figure 12 shown, the main radiation stub 210 is rectangular, and the width of the main radiation stub 210 is greater than the width of the feed radiation stub 211.

[0067] In this embodiment, the antenna element 20 can be understood as a monopole antenna element. Among them, the length of the main radiation stub 210 may be equal to 1 / 4 wavelength of the operating frequency band. By making the main radiation stub 210 rectangular, it is beneficial to simplify the structure of the antenna element 20 while ensuring the radiation performance. In addition, in this embodiment, the main radiation stub 210 can be tuned to support the low-frequency band, the medium-frequency band, and the high-frequency band.

[0068] Optionally, please refer to Figure 13 and Figure 14 , the main radiation stub 210 includes a first edge 2101 and a second edge 2102 that are disposed opposite to each other. The feed radiation stub 211 is connected to the first edge 2101, and at least one of the first edge 2101 and the second edge 2102 has a first sub-edge and a second sub-edge whose extending directions intersect.

[0069] Among them, the extending direction of the first sub-edge intersects with the extending direction of the second sub-edge but is not perpendicular. In a possible embodiment, as Figure 13 shown, the first edge 2101 has a first sub-edge and a second sub-edge whose extending directions intersect, and the second edge 2102 extends linearly. In another possible embodiment, as Figure 14As shown, the first edge 2101 has a first sub-edge and a second sub-edge whose extending directions intersect, and the second edge 2102 also has a first sub-edge and a second sub-edge whose extending directions intersect. At this time, the first sub-edge in the second edge 2102 can be parallel to the first sub-edge in the first edge 2101, and the second sub-edge in the second edge 2102 can be parallel to the second sub-edge in the first edge 2101.

[0070] In this embodiment, the antenna unit 20 can be understood as a monopole tapered antenna unit. Among them, the length of the main radiation branch 210 can be equal to or less than 1 / 4 wavelength of the operating frequency band. By making the main radiation branch 210 include the relatively arranged first edge 2101 and the second edge 2102, and at least one of the first edge 2101 and the second edge 2102 has a first sub-edge and a second sub-edge whose extending directions intersect, it is beneficial to reduce the length of the main radiation branch 210 and realize the miniaturization of the antenna unit 20. In addition, in this embodiment, the main radiation branch 210 can also be tuned so that it can support low-frequency bands, medium-frequency bands, and high-frequency bands.

[0071] Further, please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the antenna branch 201 further includes a tuning radiation branch 205. The tuning radiation branch 205 is located between the outer glass plate 101 and the inner glass plate 102 and is coplanarly arranged with the main radiation branch 210 and the feed radiation branch 211. The extending direction of the tuning radiation branch 205 intersects the extending direction of the feed radiation branch 211.

[0072] In a possible embodiment, the extending direction of the tuning radiation branch 205 and the extending direction of the feed radiation branch 211 can be perpendicular. Optionally, the tuning radiation branch 205 can include a first tuning section, a second tuning section, and a third tuning section that are sequentially bent and connected. The extending direction of the second tuning section is perpendicular to the extending direction of the feed radiation branch 211, and the lengths of the first tuning section and the third tuning section are less than the length of the second tuning section. Of course, in other possible embodiments, the extending direction of the tuning radiation branch 205 and the extending direction of the feed radiation branch 211 can intersect but not be perpendicular.

[0073] By setting the tuning radiation branch 205, impedance tuning can be achieved, which is beneficial to changing the length of the main radiation branch 210, further reducing the occupied space of the antenna unit 20, and facilitating the antenna unit 20 to support low-frequency bands, medium-frequency bands, and high-frequency bands.

[0074] In a possible embodiment, as Figure 15As shown, the antenna unit 20 further includes a dielectric substrate 206. The dielectric substrate 206 includes a first substrate portion 260 and a second substrate portion 261 that are connected. The first substrate portion 260 is located between the outer glass plate 101 and the inner glass plate 102 and is used to carry the main radiation branch 210, the feed radiation branch 211, and the first grounding segment 220. The second substrate portion 261 is located outside the outer glass plate 101 and the inner glass plate 102 and is used to carry the feed transmission branch 212 and the second grounding segment 221. The thickness of the second substrate portion 261 is greater than the thickness of the first substrate portion 260.

[0075] The dielectric substrate 206 is used to carry the antenna branch 201, the grounding conductor 202, and the feed port 203. Optionally, the thickness of the first substrate portion 260 can be less than or equal to 200 um, and the thickness of the second substrate portion 261 can be greater than or equal to 300 um. Among them, the main radiation branch 210, the feed radiation branch 211, and the first grounding segment 220 are provided on the same surface of the first substrate portion 260. The feed transmission branch 212 and the second grounding segment 221 are provided on the same surface of the second substrate portion 261. In actual production, the main radiation branch 210, the feed radiation branch 211, and the first grounding segment 220 can be formed by copper plating on the first top surface of the first substrate portion 260, and the feed transmission branch 212 and the second grounding segment 221 can be formed by copper plating on the second top surface of the second substrate portion 261. The first bottom surface of the first substrate portion 260 can be adhered to the second surface 112 of the outer glass plate 101 or the third surface 120 of the inner glass plate 102. Among them, the first top surface of the first substrate portion 260 and the first bottom surface of the first substrate portion 260 are arranged opposite to each other in the thickness direction, and the orientation of the first top surface of the first substrate portion 260 is the same as the orientation of the second top surface of the second substrate portion 261. The first top surface and the second top surface can be flush.

[0076] By making the thickness of the first substrate portion 260 smaller, the risk of the integration process of the glass antenna 100 can be reduced. By making the thickness of the second substrate portion 261 larger, reliable welding between the feed port 203, the grounding conductor 202, and the coaxial cable 50 can be ensured, and it is beneficial to arrange the encapsulation cover 60 on the second substrate portion 261 to realize the encapsulation of the connection between the feed port 203, the grounding conductor 202, and the coaxial cable 50 by the encapsulation cover 60, as well as the fixation of the encapsulation cover 60 to the vehicle body sheet metal 301 and the interior trim panel.

[0077] As Figure 16As shown, the antenna unit 20 supports low-frequency bands, medium-frequency bands, and high-frequency bands. Among them, the low-frequency band is a band less than 1 GHz, and the medium-frequency band and the high-frequency band are bands from 1 GHz to 5 GHz. In the embodiments of the present application, the antenna unit 20 can support a low-frequency band from 0.73 GHz to 0.94 GHz, can support a medium-frequency band from 1.52 GHz to 2.69 GHz, and can support a high-frequency band from 3.3 GHz to 5 GHz. From Figure 16 it can be seen that the antenna unit 20 generates a resonant wave in the low-frequency band. The S11 values of the antenna unit 20 at 0.73 GHz and 0.94 GHz are -5 dB, and the S11 values at 0.75 GHz and 0.79 GHz are -10 dB. Its S11 value is less than -5 dB in the frequency band from 0.73 GHz to 0.94 GHz and less than -10 dB in the central frequency band from 0.75 GHz to 0.79 GHz. Therefore, it can effectively realize the transmission of low-frequency signals; the antenna unit 20 generates multiple resonant waves in the frequency band from 1.52 GHz to 2.69 GHz. The S11 values of the antenna unit 20 at 1.52 GHz, 2.08 GHz, and 2.17 GHz are -10 dB. Its S11 value is less than -10 dB in the frequency band from 1.52 GHz to 2.69 GHz, and the performance of realizing medium-frequency signal transmission is better; the S11 value of the antenna unit 20 in the high-frequency band is less than -10 dB, and it can effectively realize the transmission of high-frequency signals.

[0078] Please refer to Figures 17 to 19 , Figure 17 is Figure 6 the current distribution diagram when the antenna unit 20 shown supports the low-frequency band, Figure 18 is Figure 6 the current distribution diagram when the antenna unit 20 shown supports the medium-frequency band, Figure 19 is Figure 6 the current distribution diagram when the antenna unit 20 shown supports the high-frequency band. From Figure 17 it can be seen that the low-frequency current is distributed in the first main radiation section 213 connected to the left side of the feed radiation branch 211 and the second main radiation section 214 connected to the right side of the feed radiation branch 211, that is, the overall main radiation branch 210 generates low-frequency resonance. From Figure 18 it can be seen that the medium-frequency current is mainly distributed in the second main radiation section 214 connected to the right side of the feed radiation branch 211, that is, the second main radiation section 214 generates medium-frequency resonance. From Figure 19 it can be seen that the high-frequency current is mainly distributed in the first main radiation section 213 connected to the left side of the feed radiation branch 211, that is, the first main radiation section 213 generates high-frequency resonance.

[0079] Since the vehicle body sheet metal 301 is generally located inside the glass body 10, when the vertical height of the vehicle body sheet metal 301 from the glass antenna 100 is relatively close, it may affect the radiation performance. However, in this solution, by forming a coplanar waveguide transmission and coplanar waveguide feeding, it can be realized that even if the antenna branches 201 corresponding to medium and high frequencies are covered within the vehicle body sheet metal 301, they still have excellent performance. For the antenna branches 201 corresponding to low frequencies, they can be arranged at least partially to avoid the vehicle body sheet metal 301 to achieve excellent low-frequency performance. Optionally, the orthographic projection of the vehicle body sheet metal 301 on the plane where the antenna branches 201 are located covers about two-thirds of the main radiation branches 210, and the other one-third of the main radiation branches 210 are exposed outside the vehicle body sheet metal 301. In other words, at least part of the main radiation branches 210 and the vehicle body sheet metal 301 can be arranged in a staggered manner.

[0080] The features mentioned in the above description, claims and drawings, as long as they are meaningful within the scope of this application, can be combined with each other arbitrarily. The advantages and features described for the glass antenna 100 apply to the vehicle 1000 in a corresponding manner.

[0081] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application, and these improvements and refinements are also regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A glass antenna, characterized in that: include: A glass body, the glass body comprising an outer glass plate and an inner glass plate which are stacked; and An antenna unit, the antenna unit comprising an antenna branch, a grounding conductor and a feeding port, wherein a portion of the antenna branch is located between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate, another portion of the antenna branch extends out of the glass body through an edge of the outer glass plate and an edge of the inner glass plate and is electrically connected to the feeding port, a portion of the grounding conductor is located between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate, another portion of the grounding conductor extends out of the glass body through an edge of the outer glass plate and an edge of the inner glass plate and is grounded, the feeding port is located outside the glass body, and at least a portion of the antenna branch and at least a portion of the grounding conductor are coplanarly arranged to form a coupling gap.

2. The glass antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna branches include a main radiation branch, a feed radiation branch and a feed transmission branch. The main radiation branch and the feed radiation branch are both located between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate. One end of the feed radiation branch is connected to the main radiation branch, and the other end is connected to the feed transmission branch. The feed transmission branch is located outside the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate. The feed transmission branch is connected to the feed port. The grounding conductor includes a first grounding segment and a second grounding segment connected to each other. The first grounding segment is located between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate, and the second grounding segment is located outside the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate and is grounded. The main radiation branch, the feed radiation branch and the first grounding segment are coplanarly arranged to form a first coupling gap, and the feed transmission branch and the second grounding segment are coplanarly arranged to form a second coupling gap.

3. The glass antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first grounding segment includes a first sub-grounding segment, a second sub-grounding segment, a third sub-grounding segment, a fourth sub-grounding segment and a fifth sub-grounding segment which are bent and connected in sequence. The first sub-grounding segment is arranged opposite to the third sub-grounding segment, the second sub-grounding segment is arranged opposite to the fourth sub-grounding segment, and the fifth sub-grounding segment is arranged opposite to the third sub-grounding segment. The second grounding segment includes a sixth sub-grounding segment, a seventh sub-grounding segment and an eighth sub-grounding segment which are bent and connected in sequence. The sixth sub-grounding segment is arranged opposite to the eighth sub-grounding segment. The sixth sub-grounding segment is connected to an end of the first sub-grounding segment away from the second sub-grounding segment, and the eighth sub-grounding segment is connected to an end of the fifth sub-grounding segment away from the fourth sub-grounding segment. The first sub-grounding segment and the fifth sub-grounding segment are respectively spaced at opposite sides of the feeding radiation branch. The second sub-grounding segment, the third sub-grounding segment and the fourth sub-grounding segment are arranged around the main radiation branch, and the sixth sub-grounding segment, the seventh sub-grounding segment and the eighth sub-grounding segment are arranged around the feeding transmission branch.

4. The glass antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main radiation branch includes a first main radiation section and a second main radiation section, the first main radiation section and the second main radiation section are respectively connected to opposite sides of the feeding radiation branch, and the electrical length of the first main radiation section is different from the electrical length of the second main radiation section.

5. The glass antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main radiation branch is rectangular, and the width of the main radiation branch is greater than the width of the feeding radiation branch.

6. The glass antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main radiation branch includes a first edge and a second edge that are oppositely arranged, the feeding radiation branch is connected to the first edge, and at least one of the first edge and the second edge has a first sub-edge and a second sub-edge whose extension directions intersect.

7. The glass antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The antenna branches also include a tuned radiation branch, which is located between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate and is coplanar with the main radiation branch and the feed radiation branch. The extension direction of the tuned radiation branch intersects with the extension direction of the feed radiation branch.

8. The glass antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The antenna unit also includes a dielectric substrate, which includes a first substrate portion and a second substrate portion that are connected. The first substrate portion is located between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate, and is used to carry the main radiation branch, the feed radiation branch and the first grounding segment. The second substrate portion is located outside the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate, and is used to carry the feed transmission branch and the second grounding segment.

9. The glass antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The antenna unit supports a low frequency band, a medium frequency band and a high frequency band.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The glass antenna comprises the glass antenna described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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