Dual-polarization broadband reconfigurable metasurface structure for RCS reduction
By introducing metallized vias and diodes into the metasurface structure, a dual-polarized broadband reconstructible metasurface structure is designed, which solves the problem that the existing metasurface structure cannot regulate the reflection amplitude and phase, and realizes RCS reduction and broadband performance in the full X band, and has polarization insensitive.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422291095.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-20
AI Technical Summary
The existing metasurface structure can only achieve single polarization regulation, and cannot regulate the reflection amplitude and phase, resulting in a limited range of stealth realization in a single polarization metasurface when the polarization form is unknown in the real battlefield.
A dual-polarized broadband reconstructible metasurface structure is designed, and components such as metallized vias and diodes are introduced into the functional layer to control the reflection amplitude and phase, and RCS reduction is achieved in the entire X band.
RCS reduction in the entire X band is achieved, with broadband performance, and RCS reduction can be achieved under both x-polarization and y-polarization. The reduction curve is consistent and polarization insensitive.
Smart Images
Figure CN223039127U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic communication, and relates to a dual-polarization broadband reconfigurable metasurface structure for RCS reduction. Background Technique
[0002] Electromagnetic metamaterials are artificial materials that cannot be found in nature and can flexibly control electromagnetic waves. As a two-dimensional form of electromagnetic metamaterials, metasurfaces have the advantages of small volume, light weight, and easy fabrication. By loading varactor diodes, diodes and other control devices on the metasurface, a reconfigurable metasurface can be formed, which can control the amplitude, phase, polarization, frequency and other characteristics of electromagnetic waves, overcoming the shortcoming that the electromagnetic characteristics of traditional metasurfaces are difficult to change.
[0003] In modern warfare, electronic warfare is one of the main combat methods. Therefore, reducing the Radar Cross Section (RCS) to reduce the possibility of one's own equipment being detected by the enemy's radar is the key to improving the survival ability of weapon platforms.
[0004] With the development of metasurface technology, applying metasurfaces to reduce the radar cross section has become a research hotspot for scientific researchers. Polarization is one of the very important electromagnetic characteristics. In current RCS reduction research, most only involve single-polarization stealth. In the real battlefield, the polarization form is unknown, and the stealth range of a single-polarization metasurface is limited. When the polarization direction of the enemy's radar is different from that of the metasurface, it is very easy to be detected. Therefore, the dual-polarization reconfigurable metasurface has important research significance and strategic significance for stealth design. However, the metasurface structures in the existing technology can only achieve a single control function after being fabricated and formed, and cannot control the reflection amplitude and phase. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a dual-polarization broadband reconfigurable metasurface structure for RCS reduction to solve the above problems. Content of the Utility Model
[0005] In view of the above problems and to overcome the defects of the existing technology, the utility model proposes a dual-polarization broadband reconfigurable metasurface structure for RCS reduction. The purpose of the utility model is to: achieve the purpose of adjustable reflection amplitude and phase of the metasurface structure, realize RCS reduction in the X full band, and achieve broadband performance.
[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows: The utility model includes a functional layer, a first dielectric layer, a reflection layer, a second dielectric layer, a feeding layer and a third dielectric layer from top to bottom. There are three metallized vias connected between the functional layer and the third dielectric layer, and the three metallized vias sequentially penetrate the first dielectric layer, the reflection layer, the second dielectric layer and the feeding layer.
[0007] Preferably, the functional layer is located on the upper surface of the first dielectric layer. The functional layer includes a first metal patch, a second metal patch, a third metal patch, a fourth metal patch, a fifth metal patch, two resistors, and two diodes. Two diodes are connected between the first metal patch and the second metal patch and between the first metal patch and the third metal patch respectively. Two resistors are connected between the first metal patch and the fourth metal patch and between the first metal patch and the fifth metal patch respectively. The first metal patch, the second metal patch, and the third metal patch are respectively connected to metallized vias.
[0008] Preferably, the feeding layer is located between the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer. The feeding layer includes three fan-shaped metal patches, and all three fan-shaped metal patches are connected to metallized vias.
[0009] Preferably, the reflection layer is a metal backplane. Three through holes are formed in the reflection layer. Except for the three through holes, the rest of the positions are covered with a metal layer. The diameter of the through holes is larger than the diameter of the metallized vias, and the metallized vias do not contact the through holes.
[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0011] 1. The structure of the present utility model can achieve RCS reduction within the X full band, realizing broadband performance.
[0012] 2. The present utility model can achieve amplitude regulation by adjusting the states of two diodes.
[0013] 3. The present utility model has polarization insensitivity. RCS reduction can be achieved under both x-polarization and y-polarization, and the reduction curves are consistent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present utility model.
[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the functional layer of the present utility model.
[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the reflection layer of the present utility model.
[0017] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the feeding layer of the present utility model.
[0018] Figure 5 It is a result diagram of the normalized reflection amplitude curve when the x-polarized wave is vertically incident on the present utility model.
[0019] Reference numerals: 1 - functional layer, 2 - first dielectric layer, 3 - reflective layer, 4 - second dielectric layer, 5 - feeding layer, 6 - third dielectric layer, 7 - metallized via, 8 - first metal patch, 9 - second metal patch, 10 - third metal patch, 11 - fourth metal patch, 12 - fifth metal patch, 13 - resistor, 14 - diode, 15 - fan-shaped metal patch, 16 - via hole. Detailed implementation manners
[0020] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0021] Next, in conjunction with the attached Figures 1-5 A further detailed description will be made on the specific implementation manners of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the metasurface unit. The metasurface unit structure is a multi-layer periodic square metasurface structure, including a functional layer 1, a first dielectric layer 2, a reflective layer 3, a second dielectric layer 4, a feeding layer 5, and a third dielectric layer 6 from top to bottom. There are three metallized vias 7 connected between the functional layer 1 and the third dielectric layer 6, and the three metallized vias 7 sequentially penetrate the first dielectric layer 2, the reflective layer 3, the second dielectric layer 4, and the feeding layer 5.
[0023] Figure 2 It is a planar structure of the functional layer 1. The functional layer 1 is located on the upper surface of the first dielectric layer 2. The functional layer 1 includes a first metal patch 8, a second metal patch 9, a third metal patch 10, a fourth metal patch 11, a fifth metal patch 12, two resistors 13, and two diodes 14. Two diodes 14 are connected between the first metal patch 8 and the second metal patch 9 and the third metal patch 10 respectively. Two resistors 13 are connected between the first metal patch 8 and the fourth metal patch 11 and the fifth metal patch 12 respectively. The first metal patch 8, the second metal patch 9, and the third metal patch 10 are respectively connected to the metallized via 7;
[0024] The first metal patch 8, the second metal patch 9, the third metal patch 10, the fourth metal patch 11, and the fifth metal patch 12 are all made of a copper layer with a thickness of 0.035 mm. The model of the diode 14 is SMP1340. The purpose of the tunable metasurface structure is achieved by regulating the states of the two diodes 14. The loading of the resistor 13 can suppress the cross polarization;
[0025] p = 11 mm represents the size of the square structure, which should be less than half of the wavelength. The wavelength formula is λ = c / f, where c is the speed of light and f is the center frequency. L1 = 3.6 mm, L2 = 1.8 mm, W1 = 3 mm, W2 = 1.6 mm, representing Figure 2 the size parameters of the second, third, fourth, and fifth metal patches marked in the figure. The four metal patches are of the same size. a1 = 3 mm and a2 = 2 mm represent the size of the first metal patch;
[0026] Figure 3 is the planar structure of the reflective layer 3. The reflective layer 3 is a metal backplane. There are three through-holes 16 on the reflective layer 3. Except for the three through-holes 16, the rest of the positions on the reflective layer 3 are covered with a metal layer. The diameter of the through-hole 16 is larger than the diameter of the metallized via 7, and the metallized via 7 does not contact the through-hole 16. d1 represents Figure 3 the distance between the through-holes in the figure. r1 represents the radius of the through-hole, which needs to be larger than the metallized via to prevent short circuits. d1 = 2.8 mm and r1 = 0.3 mm.
[0027] Figure 4 is the planar structure of the feeding layer 5. The feeding layer 5 is located between the second dielectric layer 4 and the third dielectric layer 6. The feeding layer 5 includes three fan-shaped metal patches 15, and all three fan-shaped metal patches 15 are connected to the metallized via 7;
[0028] The feeding layer 5 is mainly used to feed the diode 14 in the DC circuit and the RF circuit. The purpose of the three fan-shaped metal patches 15 is to prevent the RF current in the microwave circuit from leaking into the DC power supply circuit. The radius of the fan-shaped branch is close to one-quarter of the wavelength. When part of the microwave signal leaks, it will be short-circuited through the fan-shaped branch. The radius of the fan-shaped branch R1 = 3.3 mm. R1 represents the radius of the fan-shaped branch, which is usually less than one-quarter of the wavelength;
[0029] The material of the first dielectric layer 2 is FR4, with a dielectric constant of 4.4, a dielectric loss of 0.02, and a thickness of 3 mm; the reflective layer 3 is a metal layer coated with a 0.035-mm-thick copper layer. The second dielectric layer 4 is an adhesive with the material Rogers4450F, a dielectric constant of 3.7, and a dielectric loss of 0.004, which plays an adhesive role. The feeding layer 5 includes three fan-shaped metal patches 15 to prevent DC current from entering the RF circuit and causing interference. The third dielectric layer 6 is for facilitating circuit routing, and the purpose of the metallized via 7 is to feed the diode 14 in the functional layer 1.
[0030] Figure 5It is the normalized reflection amplitude curve when the x-polarized wave is vertically incident. When the currents of the two diodes 14 are 10 μA, 20 μA, and 30 μA simultaneously, compared with the equal-sized metal plate, the RCS reduction is less than 10 dB. Moreover, when the currents are different, the curves are also different, demonstrating the controllability of the metasurface. Since it is a dual-polarized metasurface structure, the y-polarized wave vertically incident has the same reflection amplitude curve as the x-polarized one, which will not be elaborated here.
[0031] Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A dual-polarization broadband reconfigurable metasurface structure for RCS reduction, characterized in that: It includes, from top to bottom, a functional layer, a first dielectric layer, a reflective layer, a second dielectric layer, a feed layer and a third dielectric layer, wherein three metallized vias are connected between the functional layer and the third dielectric layer, and the three metallized vias sequentially penetrate the first dielectric layer, the reflective layer, the second dielectric layer and the feed layer; The functional layer is located on the upper surface of the first dielectric layer, and the functional layer includes a first metal patch, a second metal patch, a third metal patch, a fourth metal patch, a fifth metal patch, two resistors and two diodes. The first metal patch is respectively connected to two diodes between the second metal patch and the third metal patch, the first metal patch is respectively connected to two resistors between the fourth metal patch and the fifth metal patch, and the first metal patch, the second metal patch and the third metal patch are respectively connected to metallized vias.
2. The dual-polarization broadband reconfigurable metasurface structure for RCS reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed layer is located between the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer. The feed layer includes three fan-shaped metal patches. The three fan-shaped metal patches are all connected to the metallized vias.
3. The dual-polarization broadband reconfigurable metasurface structure for RCS reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflective layer is a metal back plate, and three through holes are opened on the reflective layer. Except for the three through holes, the rest of the reflective layer is covered with a metal layer. The diameter of the through hole is larger than the diameter of the metallized via hole, and the metallized via hole does not contact the through hole.