Compression mechanism of grass material square bundle bundling machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to a compression mechanism of a grass material square bundle bundling machine, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The compression mechanism comprises two cranks, a crank shaft, a crank shaft end cover and a bracket bearing seat, the connecting rod comprises a plurality of U-shaped channel steel frames, a front end plate, a reinforcing plate and a rear end plate; the small piston comprises two side push blocks, a plurality of middle push blocks, an upper cross beam, a lower cross beam, a connecting rod fixing sleeve and a connecting rod connecting plate; the large piston comprises two side pushing blocks, a plurality of upper middle pushing blocks, a plurality of lower middle pushing blocks, an upper cross beam and a lower cross beam; the piston combination and separation mechanism comprises a rotary cam shaft, a locking vertical plate, a locking vertical plate seat, an upper locking slide way seat, a locking support, a lower locking slide way seat and a tension spring. The piston combination and separation mechanism can achieve combination and separation of the large piston and the small piston, the mass of the pistons is decomposed, inertial impact and vibration during piston movement are reduced, and power consumption of the compression mechanism in the grass material compression process is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a compression mechanism of a square bale baler for grass materials. Background Art

[0002] Baling operation is an effective way for the mechanized field harvesting of forage grass, rice, wheat and other crop straws and realizing high-value utilization. The large square bale baler with pre-compression function has a high bale forming rate, and the formed bales are regular in shape, dense, heavy, efficient and reliable in operation, and are convenient for off-field transportation and storage.

[0003] An important link in the operation of the square bale baler is compression molding. By using the quick-return characteristic of the offset crank-slider mechanism, the rotary motion of the crank is converted into the reciprocating motion of the piston to realize the compression of the grass materials, that is, the loose grass materials continuously fed into the compression chamber are gradually compacted into a square bale with a regular shape through the reciprocating motion of the piston of the compression mechanism. The piston of the compression mechanism of the large square bale baler makes a reciprocating motion in the compression chamber. After the feeding fork of the baler feeds the grass materials into the compression chamber, the piston pushes the loose grass materials backward to gradually form a grass sheet, and the required compression force gradually increases. Until the compression force exceeds the friction force between the materials and the compression chamber, the grass sheet moves backward and the compression force decreases. To prevent the rebound of the compressed grass materials, the compression mechanism needs to continuously make reciprocating motions for compression.

[0004] The piston of the compression mechanism of the traditional large square bale baler often adopts an integral welded structure, which is heavy, has a large movement inertia, is subjected to large impacts and vibrations during the movement in the compression chamber, consumes a large amount of power for compacting the grass materials according to the designed compression frequency, and has a high energy consumption for the whole machine. In addition, due to the heavy piston, the friction force between the piston and the compression chamber is large during the movement, and the wear is serious. The running smoothness of the piston is reduced, and the vibration and noise are increased, resulting in the continuous decline of its performance. With the continuous improvement of the reliability requirements for the baler, an improved design of the compression mechanism piston is proposed to reduce the inertial force of the piston and the power consumed by the piston to ensure the performance of the whole large square bale baler. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a compression mechanism of a square bale baler for grass materials aiming at the defects in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides a compression mechanism of a square bale baler for grass materials, which includes:

[0007] A crank, including two symmetrically arranged cranks, a crankshaft, a crankshaft end cover and a bracket bearing seat. The small end of each crank is connected to the bracket bearing seat and the crankshaft end cover through the crankshaft, and the bracket bearing seat can rotate around the crankshaft;

[0008] The connecting rod is symmetrically arranged and includes multiple U-shaped groove steel frames, a front end plate, a reinforcing plate, and a rear end plate. The two U-shaped groove steel frames are symmetrically welded along the long side direction, and the front end plate and the rear end plate are welded to both ends respectively, and the reinforcing plates are welded on both sides.

[0009] The small piston includes two side push blocks, multiple intermediate push blocks, two upper cross beams, a lower cross beam, four connecting rod fixing sleeves, and four connecting rod connecting plates. The multiple intermediate push blocks are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, and the two side push blocks are arranged on both sides respectively and welded to the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam. The connecting rod fixing sleeves pass through the holes of the connecting rod connecting plates and are fixed together, and then are fixed and welded to two of the intermediate push blocks in pairs.

[0010] The large piston includes two side push blocks, multiple upper intermediate push blocks, multiple lower intermediate push blocks, two upper cross beams, and a lower cross beam. The multiple upper intermediate push blocks and lower intermediate push blocks are arranged in parallel at equal intervals in corresponding combinations, and the two side push blocks are arranged on both sides respectively and fixed to the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam; and

[0011] The piston engagement and separation mechanism includes a rotating camshaft, a locking vertical plate, a locking vertical plate seat, two upper locking slide seats, four locking supports, two lower locking slide seats, and a tension spring. The lower locking slide seat and the locking support are fixed at the middle position of the upper cross beam of the small piston, the upper locking slide seat is fixed at the middle position of the upper cross beam of the large piston, and the rotating camshaft is connected to the small piston through the locking support holes on the small piston; the locking vertical plate is fixed to the locking vertical plate seat and is embedded in the lower locking slide seat and can slide in the slide formed by the combination of the lower locking slide seat and the upper locking slide seat; the tension spring ensures effective contact between the locking vertical plate and the rotating camshaft.

[0012] For the compression mechanism of the above-mentioned straw material square bale baler, it further includes two connecting rod connectors and a connecting rod connector pin shaft. One end of the connecting rod connector is fixed to the connecting rod, and the other end is connected to the connecting rod fixing sleeve through the connecting rod connector pin shaft.

[0013] For the compression mechanism of the above-mentioned straw material square bale baler, the connecting rod connects the crank and the small piston. One end of the connecting rod is fixed to the bracket bearing seat and connected to the crank, and can rotate around the crankshaft. One end is fixed to the connecting rod connector and is connected to the small piston through the connecting rod connector pin shaft and can rotate around the connecting rod connector pin shaft.

[0014] The compression mechanism of the above-mentioned straw material square bale baler, wherein a disc cam is arranged on the rotating camshaft of the piston combination and separation mechanism and meshes with the locking vertical plate. When the maximum contour position of the disc cam contacts the locking vertical plate, the protruding end of the locking vertical plate fixed on the locking vertical plate seat enters the rectangular groove of the upper locking slideway seat, then the large piston and the small piston are combined to form a whole, and together with the movement of the crank and the connecting rod, they make reciprocating movements; when the minimum contour position of the disc cam contacts the locking vertical plate, the protruding end of the locking vertical plate fixed on the locking vertical plate seat slides out of the rectangular groove of the upper locking slideway seat, then the large piston and the small piston are separated, and only the small piston makes reciprocating movements with the movement of the crank and the connecting rod.

[0015] The compression mechanism of the above-mentioned straw material square bale baler, wherein a plurality of rollers are installed on the side push blocks of the large piston and the side push blocks of the small piston to reduce the resistance when the piston moves in the compression chamber.

[0016] The compression mechanism of the above-mentioned straw material square bale baler, wherein the piston combination and separation mechanism can realize the combination and separation of the large and small pistons, and its structural form includes the structure shown in the present invention and other structures that can achieve the same function.

[0017] The technical effect of the present invention is as follows:

[0018] The piston of the compression mechanism of the present invention adopts a split nested structure. When straw materials are fed into the compression chamber, the small piston and the large piston are combined to form a piston whole to compact the straw materials with the movement of the crank connecting rod mechanism; when no straw materials are fed into the compression chamber, only the small piston makes reciprocating movements with the movement of the crank connecting rod mechanism. This structure can decompose the piston mass, reduce the inertial impact and vibration during the movement of the compression mechanism piston, and effectively reduce the power consumption of the compression mechanism during the straw material compression process.

[0019] The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but it is not a limitation to the present invention. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the compression mechanism according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the crank according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connecting rod according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the small piston according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the small piston side push block in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle push block of the small piston in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the small piston side push block two in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the large piston in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the large piston side push block one in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the upper middle push block of the large piston in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the lower middle push block of the large piston in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the large piston side push block two in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the compression mechanism at a certain moment in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0033] Among them, the reference numerals

[0034] 1 crank

[0035] 11 crank

[0036] 12 crankshaft

[0037] 13 crankshaft end cover

[0038] 14 bracket bearing seat

[0039] 2 connecting rod

[0040] 21 connecting rod

[0041] 22 front end plate

[0042] 23 reinforcing plate

[0043] 24 rear end plate

[0044] 3 small piston

[0045] 31 side push block one

[0046] 32 upper cross beam

[0047] 33 Intermediate Pusher Block

[0048] 34 Side Pusher Block II

[0049] 35 Lower Locking Slideway Seat

[0050] 36 Locking Support

[0051] 37 Connecting Rod Fixed Sleeve

[0052] 38 Connecting Rod Connecting Plate

[0053] 39 Lower Cross Beam

[0054] 4 Large Piston

[0055] 41 Side Pusher Block I

[0056] 42 Upper Intermediate Pusher Block

[0057] 43 Upper Cross Beam

[0058] 44 Upper Locking Slideway Seat

[0059] 45 Side Pusher Block II

[0060] 46 Lower Intermediate Pusher Block

[0061] 47 Lower Cross Beam

[0062] 5 Piston Engagement and Disengagement Mechanism

[0063] 51 Locking Vertical Plate

[0064] 52 Locking Vertical Plate Seat

[0065] 53 Rotating Camshaft

[0066] 54 Tension Spring

[0067] 6 Small Roller

[0068] 7 Large Roller

[0069] 8 Connecting Rod Connector

[0070] 9 Connecting Rod Connector Pin Specific Embodiment

[0071] The structural principle and working principle of the present utility model will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0072] See Figure 1 , Figure 1Schematic structural view of a compression mechanism according to an embodiment of the utility model. The compression mechanism of the forage material square bale baler of the utility model comprises: a crank 1, a connecting rod 2, a small piston 3, a large piston 4, a locking vertical plate 51, a locking vertical plate seat 52, a rotating camshaft 53, a tension spring 54, a small roller 6, a large roller 7, a connecting rod joint 8, and a connecting rod joint pin shaft 9. The small end of the crank 1 is connected to one end of the connecting rod 2 through a crankshaft 12 and a bracket bearing seat 14. The other end of the connecting rod 2 is connected to the small piston 3 through the connecting rod joint 8 and the connecting rod joint pin shaft 9. The large piston 4 is nested outside the small piston 3. The locking vertical plate 51 and the locking vertical plate seat 52 are welded and fixed together. Through the cooperative movement of the locking vertical plate 51 and the rotating camshaft 53, the combination and separation of the small piston 3 and the large piston 4 are realized, and the tension spring 54 ensures the effective contact between the locking vertical plate 51 and the rotating camshaft 53.

[0073] See Figure 2 , Figure 2 Schematic structural view of a crank according to an embodiment of the utility model. The crank 1 includes two symmetrically arranged crank arms 11, a crankshaft 12, a crankshaft end cover 13, and a bracket bearing seat 14. The small end of each crank 1 is connected to the bracket bearing seat 14 and the crankshaft end cover 13 through the crankshaft 12, and the bracket bearing seat 14 can rotate around the crankshaft 12.

[0074] See Figure 3 , Figure 3 Schematic structural view of a connecting rod according to an embodiment of the utility model. The connecting rods 2 are symmetrically arranged and include a plurality of connecting rod segments 21, a front end plate 22, a reinforcing plate 23, and a rear end plate 24. The two connecting rod segments 21 are symmetrically welded along the long side direction, and the front end plate 22 and the rear end plate 24 are welded at both ends respectively, and the reinforcing plates 23 are welded on both sides.

[0075] See Figure 4 , Figure 4 Schematic structural view of a small piston according to an embodiment of the utility model. The small piston 3 includes a side push block 31, a side push block 34, a plurality of intermediate push blocks 33, two upper cross beams 32, a lower cross beam 39, a connecting rod fixing sleeve 37, and a connecting rod connecting plate 38. The plurality of intermediate push blocks 33 are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, and the side push blocks 31 and 34 arranged on both sides are fixed on the upper cross beam 32 and the lower cross beam 39. The connecting rod fixing sleeve 37 passes through the hole of the connecting rod connecting plate 38 and is fixed together, and then they are fixed and welded to two intermediate push blocks 33 in pairs.

[0076] See Figure 5 , Figure 5 Schematic structural view of the side push block 31 of the small piston according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0077] See Figure 6 , Figure 6Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle push block 33 of the small piston according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0078] See Figure 7 , Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the side push block 34 of the small piston according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0079] See Figure 8 , Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the large piston according to an embodiment of the utility model. The large piston 4 includes side push blocks 41, side push blocks 45, a plurality of upper middle push blocks 42, a plurality of lower middle push blocks 46, two upper cross beams 43, and a lower cross beam 47. The plurality of upper middle push blocks 42 and lower middle push blocks 46 are correspondingly combined and arranged in parallel at equal intervals, and the side push blocks 41 and side push blocks 45 arranged on both sides are fixed on the upper cross beam 43 and the lower cross beam 47.

[0080] See Figure 9 , Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the side push block 41 of the large piston according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0081] See Figure 10 , Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the upper middle push block 42 of the large piston according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0082] See Figure 11 , Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the lower middle push block 46 of the large piston according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0083] See Figure 12 , Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the side push block 45 of the large piston according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0084] See Figure 1 , the piston engagement and separation mechanism 5 includes a locking vertical plate 51, a locking vertical plate seat 52, a rotating camshaft 53, two upper locking slideway seats 44, four locking supports 36, two lower locking slideway seats 35, and a tension spring 54. The lower locking slideway seat 35 and the locking support 36 are fixed at the middle position of the upper cross beam 32 of the small piston 3, and the upper locking slideway seat 44 is fixed at the middle position of the upper cross beam 43 of the large piston 4. The rotating camshaft 53 is connected to the small piston 3 through the holes of the locking supports 36 on the small piston 3; the locking vertical plate 51 is fixed to the locking vertical plate seat 52 and is embedded in the lower locking slideway seat 35 and can slide in the slideway formed by the combination of the lower locking slideway seat 35 and the upper locking slideway seat 44; the tension spring 54 ensures effective contact between the locking vertical plate 51 and the rotating camshaft 53.

[0085] In this embodiment, for the compression mechanism of the above-mentioned straw material square bale baler, it further includes two connecting rod connectors 8 and a connecting rod connector pin shaft 9. One end of the connecting rod connector 8 is fixed to the connecting rod 2, and the other end is connected to the connecting rod fixed sleeve 37 through the connecting rod connector pin shaft 9.

[0086] In this embodiment, for the compression mechanism of the above-mentioned straw material square bale baler, the connecting rod 2 connects the crank 1 and the small piston 3. One end of the connecting rod 2 is fixed to the bracket bearing seat 14 and connected to the crank 1, and can rotate around the crankshaft 12. One end is fixed to the connecting rod connector 8 and connected to the small piston 3 through the connecting rod connector pin shaft 9, and can rotate around the connecting rod connector pin shaft 9.

[0087] In this embodiment, for the compression mechanism of the above-mentioned straw material square bale baler, a disc cam is arranged on the rotating camshaft 53 of the piston combination and separation mechanism 5 and contacts the locking vertical plate 51. When the maximum contour position of the disc cam on the rotating camshaft 53 contacts the locking vertical plate 51, the protruding end of the locking vertical plate 51 fixed on the locking vertical plate seat 52 enters the rectangular groove of the upper locking slideway seat 44, then the large piston 4 and the small piston 3 are combined to form a whole and make a reciprocating motion driven by the crank 1 and the connecting rod 2; when the minimum contour position of the disc cam on the rotating camshaft 53 contacts the locking vertical plate 51, the protruding end of the locking vertical plate 51 fixed on the locking vertical plate seat 52 slides out of the rectangular groove of the upper locking slideway seat 44, then the large piston 4 and the small piston 3 are separated, and at this time the small piston 3 makes a reciprocating motion driven by the crank 1 and the connecting rod 2.

[0088] In this embodiment, for the compression mechanism of the above-mentioned straw material square bale baler, a plurality of rollers are installed on the side push blocks 41 and 45 of the large piston 4 and the side push blocks 31 and 34 of the small piston 3 to reduce the resistance when the piston moves in the compression chamber.

[0089] In this embodiment, for the compression mechanism of the above-mentioned straw material square bale baler, the piston combination and separation mechanism 5 can realize the combination and separation of the large piston 4 and the small piston 3, and its structural form includes the structure shown in the present invention and other structures that can achieve the same function.

[0090] See Figure 13 , Figure 13 which is a schematic structural diagram of the compression mechanism at a certain moment in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0091] Of course, the present invention can also have many other embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and deformations according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and deformations should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compression mechanism for a square bale baler for grass materials, characterized in that: include: A crank, comprising two symmetrically arranged cranks, a crank shaft, a crank shaft end cover and a bracket bearing seat, wherein the small end of each crank is connected to the bracket bearing seat and the crank shaft end cover through the crank shaft, and the bracket bearing seat can rotate around the crank shaft; The connecting rod is symmetrically arranged, and includes a plurality of U-shaped channel steel frames, a front end plate, a reinforcing plate and a rear end plate. The two U-shaped channel steel frames are symmetrically welded along the long side direction, the front end plate and the rear end plate are welded at both ends, and the reinforcing plates are welded at both sides; The small piston comprises two side push blocks, a plurality of intermediate push blocks, two upper cross beams, a lower cross beam, four connecting rod fixing sleeves and four connecting rod connecting plates. The plurality of intermediate push blocks are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, and the two side push blocks are arranged on both sides respectively and welded on the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam. The connecting rod fixing sleeves pass through the connecting rod connecting plate holes and are fixed together, and then are fixedly welded on the two intermediate push blocks in groups of two. A large piston, comprising two side thrust blocks, a plurality of upper middle thrust blocks, a plurality of lower middle thrust blocks, two upper cross beams and a lower cross beam, wherein the plurality of upper middle thrust blocks and the lower middle thrust blocks are arranged in parallel in corresponding combinations with equal spacing, and the two side thrust blocks are arranged on both sides respectively and fixed on the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam; and The piston combining and separating mechanism comprises a rotating camshaft, a locking vertical plate, a locking vertical plate seat, two upper locking slide seats, four locking supports, two lower locking slide seats, and a tension spring. The lower locking slide seat and the locking support are fixed to the middle position of the upper cross beam of the small piston, the upper locking slide seat is fixed to the middle position of the upper cross beam of the large piston, and the rotating camshaft is connected to the small piston through the locking support hole on the small piston; the locking vertical plate is fixed to the locking vertical plate seat, embedded in the lower locking slide seat, and can slide in the slide formed by the combination of the lower locking slide seat and the upper locking slide seat; the tension spring ensures that the locking vertical plate is in effective contact with the rotating camshaft.

2. The compression mechanism of the square baler according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes two connecting rod connectors and a connecting rod connector pin shaft. One end of the connecting rod connector is fixed to the connecting rod, and the other end is connected to the connecting rod fixing sleeve through the connecting rod connector pin shaft.

3. The compression mechanism of the square baler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting rod connects the crank with the small piston. One end of the connecting rod is fixed to the bracket bearing seat and connected to the crank, and can rotate around the crank shaft. One end of the connecting rod is fixed to the connecting rod connecting head, and is connected to the small piston through the connecting rod connecting head pin shaft, and can rotate around the connecting rod connecting head pin shaft.

4. The compression mechanism of the square baler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A disc cam is arranged on the rotating camshaft and meshes with the locking upright plate. When the maximum contour position of the disc cam contacts the locking upright plate, the protruding end of the locking upright plate fixed on the locking upright plate seat enters the rectangular groove of the upper locking slide seat, and the large piston and the small piston are combined to form a whole, and reciprocate together with the movement of the crank and the connecting rod; when the minimum contour position of the disc cam contacts the locking upright plate, the protruding end of the locking upright plate fixed on the locking upright plate seat slides out of the rectangular groove of the upper locking slide seat, and the large piston and the small piston are separated, and only the small piston reciprocates with the movement of the crank and the connecting rod.

5. The compression mechanism of the square baler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of rollers are installed on the side thrust block of the large piston and the side thrust block of the small piston to reduce the resistance when the piston moves in the compression chamber.

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