Tangential rotational flow gas distributor

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of fluidized bed reactors, in particular to a tangential cyclone gas distributor, which comprises a cylindrical outer shell and an inner distribution cylinder positioned in the outer shell, the outer shell is provided with a gas inlet pipe, the inner distribution cylinder and the outer shell are coaxially arranged, and the inner distribution cylinder comprises an upper distribution section, a middle distribution section and a lower distribution section. The periphery of the upper end opening of the upper distribution section is fixed with the inner wall of the outer shell, so that an annular distribution cavity is defined; the gas inlet pipe is communicated with the distribution cavity and is tangentially arranged to input rotational flow gas; a plurality of gas distribution holes are formed in the inner distribution cylinder and are obliquely formed in the rotational flow direction of gas in the distribution cavity. During use, a gas medium enters the distribution cavity in the tangential direction from the gas inlet pipe and then enters the inner distribution cylinder through the gas distribution holes, so that gas flow can form tangential rotational flow in the outer shell under the guidance of the inner distribution cylinder, fluidization gas can be spirally guided to promote fluidization, and channeling and short circuit phenomena are avoided; and the tangential rotational flow gas distributor is simple in structure, reliable in work and convenient to manufacture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fluidized bed reactors, and particularly relates to a tangential cyclone gas distributor. Background Technique

[0002] A fluid distributor, also known as a distribution plate or air distribution plate, is one of the basic components of a fluidization device. Its main function is to evenly distribute the fluid entering the center of the fluidized bed along the cross-section of the bed, so as not to cause a dead bed area in the bed layer. At the same time, it can also support the materials in the bed when the operation is stopped, so as not to leak into the pre-distributor or the air box. Whether the fluid distributor is properly designed is one of the keys to the success or failure of fluidization operation, and it has a great impact on the fluidization quality, the degree of mixing in the bed, and the stability of the fluidization state. If the structure of the gas distributor is not properly selected, phenomena such as channeling and short-circuiting will occur. For gas-phase polymerization reactions, it may cause polymer particles to coagulate, stick to the wall, and even block the air inlet holes.

[0003] For the distribution plates of traditional fluidized beds, whether they are porous plate types, air cap types, or other design forms, the gas flow direction is all straight-through, forming a direct current airflow. However, in some specific production processes, it is necessary to increase the reaction residence time of the materials in the fluidized bed, and the direct current airflow is not conducive to increasing the reaction residence time of the materials in the fluidized bed. Later, there appeared a tangential flow type gas distributor for a fluidized bed reactor disclosed in a Chinese patent document with the publication number CN217288345U, which includes an inverted cone shell and an outer shell. The inverted cone shell is arranged in the outer shell. The bottom of the inverted cone shell is open and connected to a longitudinal air inlet pipe. The longitudinal air inlet pipe penetrates the outer shell. A gas pre-distribution chamber is formed between the inverted cone shell, the longitudinal air inlet pipe, and the outer shell. At least one tangential air inlet pipe is provided on the side wall of the outer shell, and the tangential air inlet pipe communicates with the gas pre-distribution chamber. The inverted cone shell is provided with at least one air distribution area, each air distribution area corresponds to a tangential air inlet pipe, each air distribution area is arranged from top to bottom along the inverted cone shell, and a number of air distribution holes are arranged in an array in each air distribution area. The air distribution holes penetrate the inverted cone shell, and the setting direction of the air distribution holes is the same as the setting direction of the tangential air inlet pipe, and all the air distribution holes are opened clockwise or counterclockwise. This distributor has a simple structure and is easy to use, can form a swirl, increases the residence time of particles in the reactor, and has good effects.

[0004] Another non-uniform gas distributor for a fluidized bed reactor disclosed in the Chinese patent document with the publication number CN217288346U includes an inverted cone shell and an outer shell. The inverted cone shell is arranged in the outer shell. The bottom opening of the inverted cone shell is connected to a longitudinal air inlet pipe, and the longitudinal air inlet pipe penetrates through the outer shell. A gas pre-distribution chamber is formed between the inverted cone shell, the longitudinal air inlet pipe and the outer shell. At least one tangential air inlet pipe is provided on the side wall of the outer shell, and the tangential air inlet pipe communicates with the gas pre-distribution chamber. A plurality of air distribution holes are provided through the upper part of the inverted cone shell, and all the air distribution holes are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the inverted cone shell and are arranged in the same tangential direction. The tangential air flow is introduced through the tangential air inlet pipe, and the tangential air flow is made uniform in the distributor through the gas pre-distribution chamber. While being uniform, the air flow is introduced into the inverted cone shell through the air distribution holes, guiding the main air flow of the longitudinal air inlet pipe to a certain extent, so that the internal granular material forms a swirling flow, effectively increasing the residence time of the particles in the reactor.

[0005] In the above gas distributor, the inverted cone shell is located in the outer shell, and a air distribution area is set at the symmetric position of the inverted cone shell. The air distribution holes are only provided in the air distribution area, which is prone to channeling and the problem of flow short circuit. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the present utility model provides a tangential swirling gas distributor.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] Provide a tangential swirling gas distributor, including a cylindrical outer shell and an inner distribution cylinder located in the outer shell. The outer shell is provided with at least one air inlet pipe, and the inner distribution cylinder is provided with a plurality of air distribution holes. The characteristics are:

[0009] The inner distribution cylinder is coaxially arranged with the outer shell, and it includes an upper distribution section in the shape of a frustum of a cone with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part, a middle distribution section in the shape of a straight cylinder, and a lower distribution section in the shape of a frustum of a cone with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part, which are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The peripheral edge of the upper port of the upper distribution section is fixed to the inner wall of the outer shell, so that an annular distribution cavity is formed between the inner distribution cylinder and the inner wall of the outer shell; the air inlet pipe communicates with the distribution cavity and is arranged tangentially to input swirling gas;

[0010] The upper distribution section, the middle distribution section and the lower distribution section are respectively provided with a plurality of the air distribution holes around the circumference; the air distribution holes are inclined along the swirling direction of the gas in the distribution cavity.

[0011] As a further optional scheme, the apertures of the air distribution holes in the upper distribution section, the middle distribution section and the lower distribution section are different.

[0012] As a further optional scheme, the arrangement trajectory of the air distribution holes is concentric circular, spiral linear or polygonal.

[0013] As a further alternative, the axes of the air distribution holes in the upper distribution section are arranged obliquely upward, the axes of the air distribution holes in the middle distribution section are arranged horizontally, and the axes of the air distribution holes in the lower distribution section are arranged obliquely downward.

[0014] As a further alternative, the upper distribution section and the middle distribution section, and / or the middle distribution section and the lower distribution section are of an integrated structure with each other.

[0015] As a further alternative, the upper distribution section and the middle distribution section, and / or the middle distribution section and the lower distribution section are of a welded structure with each other.

[0016] As a further alternative, the number of the air inlet pipes is more than two, and each air inlet pipe is arranged circumferentially around the outer housing.

[0017] As a further alternative, the diameters of each air inlet pipe are the same or different.

[0018] As a further alternative, the air inlet pipe is aligned with the middle distribution section, or is aligned with both the middle distribution section and the upper distribution section at the same time.

[0019] As a further alternative, the periphery of the upper port of the upper distribution section is fixedly sealed and welded to the inner wall of the outer housing.

[0020] As a further alternative, the air distribution holes are arranged with a reduced diameter inward.

[0021] Advantages of the present utility model:

[0022] For a tangential swirl gas distributor of the present utility model, when in use, the gas medium enters the distribution cavity tangentially from the air inlet pipe, and then enters the inner distribution cylinder through the air distribution holes of the upper distribution section, the middle distribution section and the lower distribution section, so that the air flow can form a tangential swirl in the outer housing under the guidance of the inner distribution cylinder, which can make the fluidizing gas flow in a spiral to promote fluidization, and no channeling or short-circuit phenomenon will occur. Moreover, the tangential swirl gas distributor has a simple structure, reliable operation and is convenient to manufacture. Description of the drawings

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a tangential swirl gas distributor in an embodiment.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a tangential swirl gas distributor in an embodiment.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the inner distribution cylinder in an embodiment.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a CFD flow trace diagram of a tangential swirl gas distributor in an embodiment.

[0027] Figure 5 Schematic structural diagram of a tangential swirl gas distributor for another embodiment.

[0028] Reference numerals:

[0029] Outer housing 1, distribution chamber 11;

[0030] Inner distribution cylinder 2, gas distribution holes 21, upper distribution section 22, middle distribution section 23, lower distribution section 24;

[0031] Air inlet pipe 3. Specific implementation mode

[0032] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0033] One embodiment of a tangential swirl gas distributor of the present invention is as Figures 1 to 3 shown, including a cylindrical outer housing 1 and an inner distribution cylinder 2 located in the outer housing 1. The outer housing 1 is provided with an air inlet pipe 3, and the inner distribution cylinder 2 is provided with a plurality of gas distribution holes 21. The main improvement is:

[0034] The inner distribution cylinder 2 is coaxially arranged with the outer housing 1, and includes an upper distribution section 22 in the shape of a frustum of a cone with a large upper part and a small lower part, a middle distribution section 23 in the shape of a straight cylinder, and a lower distribution section 24 in the shape of a frustum of a cone with a large upper part and a small lower part, which are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The peripheral edge of the upper port of the upper distribution section 22 is fixed to the inner wall of the outer housing 1, so that an annular distribution chamber 11 is formed between the inner distribution cylinder 2 and the inner wall of the outer housing 1. The air inlet pipe 3 communicates with the distribution chamber 11 and is arranged tangentially to input swirling gas. Specifically, the peripheral edge of the upper port of the upper distribution section 22 is fixedly sealed and welded to the inner wall of the outer housing 1. The upper distribution section 22, the middle distribution section 23, and the lower distribution section 24 are respectively provided with a plurality of the gas distribution holes 21 around the circumference, and the gas distribution holes 21 are arranged obliquely along the swirling direction of the gas in the distribution chamber 11.

[0035] During use, the gas medium enters the distribution chamber 11 tangentially from the air inlet pipe 3, and then enters the inner distribution cylinder 2 through the gas distribution holes 21 of the upper distribution section 22, the middle distribution section 23, and the lower distribution section 24, so that the air flow can form a tangential swirl in the outer housing 1 under the guidance of the inner distribution cylinder 2. The flow trace is referenced Figure 4 as shown, which can make the fluidizing gas flow in a spiral and promote fluidization, without generating channeling and short-circuit phenomena. Moreover, the tangential swirl gas distributor has a simple structure, reliable operation, and is convenient to manufacture.

[0036] Specifically, the pore diameters of the air distribution holes 21 in the upper distribution section 22, the middle distribution section 23, and the lower distribution section 24 are different. The arrangement locus of the air distribution holes 21 is concentric circular, spiral linear, or polygonal. According to the design parameters such as the pressure and flow rate of the equipment, the CFD technology is applied for optimization to determine parameters such as the number, diameter, opening direction, and arrangement mode of the air distribution holes 21 in each section.

[0037] In this embodiment, the axes of the air distribution holes 21 in the upper distribution section 22 are arranged obliquely upward, the axes of the air distribution holes 21 in the middle distribution section 23 are arranged horizontally, and the axes of the air distribution holes 21 in the lower distribution section 24 are arranged obliquely downward.

[0038] In practice, the upper distribution section 22 and the middle distribution section 23, and / or the middle distribution section 23 and the lower distribution section 24 are of an integrated structure with each other. Or: The upper distribution section 22 and the middle distribution section 23, and / or the middle distribution section 23 and the lower distribution section 24 are of a welded structure with each other.

[0039] In practice, the intake pipe 3 is aligned with the middle distribution section 23, or is aligned with both the middle distribution section 23 and the upper distribution section 22 simultaneously.

[0040] The second embodiment of a tangential swirl gas distributor of the present utility model is as Figure 5 shown, and the difference lies in that the number of the intake pipes 3 is two, and the two intake pipes 3 are arranged circumferentially around the outer casing 1. The pipe diameters of each intake pipe 3 are the same or different. According to the need for the medium to be mixed at a certain flow rate, the inner distribution cylinder 2 can ensure the uniformity of mixing. In practice, one of the intake pipes 3 serves as the main intake port and the other intake pipes 3 serve as secondary intake ports. The number of secondary intake ports can be more than two, and it can also ensure the tangential swirl effect of the gas in the outer casing 1, and the mixing uniformity is better.

[0041] In practice, optionally, the air distribution holes are arranged with a reduced diameter inward, that is, the flow area along the flow direction of the air distribution holes gradually decreases, so as to increase the velocity of the fluid entering the distribution cavity.

[0042] In the description of the present utility model, obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present utility model described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0043] Therefore, the above detailed description of the embodiments of the present utility model provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present utility model, but only represents the selected embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0044] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "middle", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the invention product is usually placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0045] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "set", "connected", "connected to" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. It can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A tangential cyclone gas distributor, comprising a cylindrical outer shell (1) and an inner distribution tube (2) located in the outer shell (1), the outer shell (1) being provided with at least one air inlet pipe (3), and the inner distribution tube (2) being provided with a plurality of air distribution holes (21), wherein: The inner distribution tube (2) is coaxially arranged with the outer shell (1), and comprises an upper distribution section (22) in the shape of a truncated cone, which is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, a middle distribution section (23) in the shape of a straight cylinder, and a lower distribution section (24) in the shape of a truncated cone, which is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, which are sequentially connected and arranged from top to bottom. The periphery of the upper port of the upper distribution section (22) is fixed to the inner wall of the outer shell (1), so that an annular distribution cavity (11) is formed between the inner distribution tube (2) and the inner wall of the outer shell (1); the air inlet pipe (3) is connected to the distribution cavity (11) and is arranged tangentially to input swirling gas; The upper distribution section (22), the middle distribution section (23) and the lower distribution section (24) are respectively provided with a plurality of the air distribution holes (21) around the circumference; the air distribution holes (21) are arranged obliquely along the swirl direction of the gas in the distribution cavity (11).

2. A tangential cyclone gas distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air distribution holes (21) of the upper distribution section (22), the middle distribution section (23) and the lower distribution section (24) have different apertures.

3. The tangential cyclone gas distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arrangement trajectory of the air distribution holes (21) is concentric circles, spiral lines or polygons.

4. The tangential cyclone gas distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axes of the air distribution holes (21) of the upper distribution section (22) are arranged obliquely upward, the axes of the air distribution holes (21) of the middle distribution section (23) are arranged horizontally, and the axes of the air distribution holes (21) of the lower distribution section (24) are arranged obliquely downward.

5. The tangential cyclone gas distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper distribution section (22) and the middle distribution section (23), and / or the middle distribution section (23) and the lower distribution section (24) are integrated with each other.

6. The tangential cyclone gas distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper distribution section (22) and the middle distribution section (23), and / or the middle distribution section (23) and the lower distribution section (24) are mutually welded structures.

7. The tangential cyclone gas distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the air intake pipes (3) is more than two, and each air intake pipe (3) is arranged around the circumference of the outer shell (1).

8. A tangential cyclonic gas distributor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The diameters of the air inlet pipes (3) are the same or different.

9. The tangential cyclone gas distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet pipe (3) is aligned with the middle distribution section (23), or is aligned with the middle distribution section (23) and the upper distribution section (22) at the same time.

10. The tangential cyclone gas distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air distribution holes (21) are arranged with their diameters reduced inwardly.

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