Distributed rural sewage treatment system for hilly areas

Abstract

The utility model relates to a distributed rural sewage treatment system for hilly areas, which comprises a filter tank, an anoxic / anaerobic biochemical filter tank, a facultative tank, an aerobic biological filter tank and an upgoing subsurface flow constructed wetland which are sequentially communicated in a self-flowing manner along topographic relief, and light-transmitting plates are laid on the facultative tank at intervals; potted aquatic plants are arranged on the light-transmitting plate, root systems of the potted aquatic plants enter the position below the liquid level in the facultative tank, a plurality of biological carriers are arranged in the facultative tank, a bacterial-algae symbiotic generator is arranged on the biological carriers, and bacterial-algae symbiotes and growth factors are arranged in the bacterial-algae symbiotic generator. The device has the beneficial effects that unpowered operation of sewage from the previous treatment pond to the next treatment pond is realized without depending on a water pump by virtue of the fluctuating terrain of the hilly area, gravity flow is realized by virtue of gravitational potential energy, energy and power expenditure are saved, and in the aspect of operation and maintenance, only the filler needs to be replaced when blockage occurs; and the key problems existing in current rural sewage treatment can be well solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of decentralized rural sewage treatment, in particular to a decentralized rural sewage treatment system for hilly areas. Background Technique

[0002] The treatment of rural domestic sewage has always had the problems of being easy to build but difficult to operate and maintain. The main reasons are that the per capita income in rural areas is relatively low, and continuous costs are required for sewage operation and maintenance. In addition, some operations and maintenance may involve some technical operations that are difficult for farmers to master well. As a result, more and more rural sewage treatment systems or devices have become "idle" projects. Therefore, if we hope that rural sewage treatment projects can play a long-term effect, we need to consider the problems of low operation and maintenance costs and easy management, while taking into account the pollutant removal effect and considering the local actual situation. Only in this way can this type of rural sewage treatment system play a more lasting effect in use. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a decentralized rural sewage treatment system for hilly areas to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution for the utility model to solve the above technical problems is as follows: A decentralized rural sewage treatment system for hilly areas includes: a filter tank, an anoxic / anaerobic biochemical filter tank, an anoxic tank, an aerobic biological filter tank, and an upward-flow subsurface flow constructed wetland that are connected in series in a self-flow manner along the terrain undulation. Translucent plates are laid on the anoxic tank at intervals, and potted aquatic plants are arranged on the translucent plates. The roots of the potted aquatic plants enter below the liquid level in the anoxic tank. A number of biological carriers are arranged in the anoxic tank, and algal-bacterial symbiotic generators are arranged on the biological carriers. The algal-bacterial symbiotic generators contain algal-bacterial symbionts and growth factors.

[0005] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0006] By relying on the undulating terrain in hilly areas, the sewage flows from the previous treatment tank to the next treatment tank without relying on a water pump, achieving power-free operation and self-flow through gravitational potential energy, saving energy and power costs. In terms of operation and maintenance, only the packing needs to be replaced when it is blocked. According to experience, with the filter tank equipped, the service life of the anoxic / anaerobic biochemical filter tank, the aerobic biological filter tank, and the upward-flow subsurface flow constructed wetland is up to 5 to 20 years. Therefore, the frequency of replacing the packing is relatively low, and the comprehensive operation and maintenance cost is low. Only the plants need to be harvested daily, which is relatively simple and easy to manage for farmers, and can well solve the key problems existing in the current rural sewage treatment.

[0007] Reduce total nitrogen with an anoxic / anaerobic biochemical filter and provide the required anaerobic / anoxic environment for denitrifying bacteria; the symbiosis of bacteria and algae in the facultative pond can comprehensively and effectively reduce pollutants; reduce total phosphorus with an aerobic biological filter and provide the required aerobic environment for phosphorus-accumulating bacteria to reduce phosphorus; adopt the combination of anaerobic-facultative-aerobic-constructed wetland, and rely on various methods such as filler adsorption, microbial degradation, plant absorption, symbiosis of bacteria and algae, oxygen secretion by microalgae, and oxygen secretion by plant roots to comprehensively treat wastewater, and comprehensively improve the reduction rate of pollutants from the microbial growth and reproduction environment. The microbial agent is indigenous microorganisms that grow by natural biofilm formation, without the use of chemical agents, which is ecologically friendly and green. Rely on the anoxic / anaerobic biochemical filter, facultative pond, aerobic biological filter, and up-flow subsurface flow constructed wetland to provide multi-functional pollutant removal pathways from different sewage treatment forms, and have the ability to reduce pollutants in multiple dimensions;

[0008] The facultative pond uses oxygen secretion by plant roots and algae to facilitate the smooth transition of sewage from the anoxic / anaerobic biochemical filter to the aerobic biological filter, effectively saving aeration costs and taking into account the aesthetic effect.

[0009] On the basis of the above technical solutions, the present utility model can also be improved as follows.

[0010] Further, a coarse grid and a fine grid are arranged in sequence along the water flow direction in the filter pond.

[0011] The beneficial effect of adopting the above is: first filter large particle impurities by the coarse grid, and then filter small particle impurities by the fine grid to reduce the risk of blockage of the anoxic / anaerobic biochemical filter, aerobic biological filter, and up-flow subsurface flow constructed wetland.

[0012] Further, a number of baffles for extending the water flow path are arranged in the anoxic / anaerobic biochemical filter.

[0013] The beneficial effect of adopting the above is: it can extend the residence time of sewage in the anoxic / anaerobic biochemical filter and strengthen the anaerobic and anoxic treatment effects.

[0014] Further, the filler in the anoxic / anaerobic biochemical filter is corn cob and zeolite.

[0015] The beneficial effect of adopting the above is: zeolite has a good effect on adsorbing ammonia nitrogen, and the agricultural waste corn cob can release carbon for microorganisms to use.

[0016] Further, the light-transmitting plate is a glass plate.

[0017] The beneficial effect of adopting the above is: it has good light-transmitting performance and also has the strength to carry potted aquatic plants.

[0018] Further, the growth factor is one or more of nucleotides, vitamins, and auxins.

[0019] The further beneficial effects are as follows: It can effectively meet the growth requirements of the bacteria-algae symbiont.

[0020] Furthermore, the fillers in the aerobic biological filter are volcanic rock, zeolite, red brick, and corncob.

[0021] The further beneficial effects are as follows: Volcanic rock, zeolite, and red brick have good phosphorus adsorption effects, while the agricultural waste corncob can release carbon for microorganisms to use.

[0022] Furthermore, the filler in the up-flow subsurface flow constructed wetland is fine gravel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a top view of the decentralized rural sewage treatment system for hilly areas in the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of the decentralized rural sewage treatment system for hilly areas in the present utility model.

[0025] In the drawings, the list of components represented by each reference numeral is as follows:

[0026] 1. Filter tank, 110. Coarse grille, 120. Fine grille, 2. Anoxic / anaerobic biochemical filter, 210. Baffle, 3. Facultative pond, 310. Transparent plate, 320. Potted aquatic plants, 330. Biological carrier, 340. Bacteria-algae symbiotic generator, 4. Aerobic biological filter, 5. Up-flow subsurface flow constructed wetland. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0027] The principles and features of the present utility model will be described below with reference to the drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 shown, a decentralized rural sewage treatment system for hilly areas includes: a filter tank 1, an anoxic / anaerobic biochemical filter 2, a facultative pond 3, an aerobic biological filter 4, and an up-flow subsurface flow constructed wetland 5. Due to the certain terrain undulation in hilly areas, the filter tank 1, anoxic / anaerobic biochemical filter 2, facultative pond 3, aerobic biological filter 4, and up-flow subsurface flow constructed wetland 5 are connected in series in a self-flow manner along the terrain undulation, and the sewage realizes self-flow under the action of gravity. The main function of the filter tank 1 is to filter impurities in the sewage, and the main function of the anoxic / anaerobic biochemical filter 2 is to denitrify;

[0030] Light-transmitting plates 310 are laid on the facultative oxygenation pond 3 at intervals. Potted aquatic plants 320 are arranged on the light-transmitting plates 310. The light-transmitting plates 310 laid at intervals can not only carry the potted aquatic plants 320, but also allow light to pass through and enter the facultative oxygenation pond 3. The roots of the potted aquatic plants 320 enter below the liquid level in the facultative oxygenation pond 3. The roots of the potted aquatic plants 320 can not only reduce pollutants, but also secrete oxygen to increase the oxygen content in the facultative oxygenation pond 3. In addition, the roots of the potted aquatic plants 320 can also be used as microbial carriers to improve the pollutant removal rate.

[0031] A number of biological carriers 330 are arranged in the facultative oxygenation pond 3. A bacteria-algae symbiotic generator 340 is arranged on the biological carriers 330. The bacteria-algae symbiotic generator 340 has a bacteria-algae symbiotic body and growth factors. The bacteria-algae symbiotic generator 340 can ensure that the bacteria-algae symbiosis can well adapt to the environment and enable the algae to secrete oxygen. Since light can enter the facultative oxygenation pond 3, it can provide the light required for the growth of microalgae.

[0032] The main function of the aerobic biological filter 4 is to remove ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus. The main function of the up-flow subsurface flow constructed wetland 5 is to further denitrify and dephosphorize and purify the water quality.

[0033] By virtue of the undulating terrain in the hilly area, the sewage flows from the previous treatment pond to the next treatment pond without relying on a water pump, realizing power-free operation and self-flow through gravitational potential energy, saving energy and power costs. In terms of operation and maintenance, only the packing needs to be replaced when it is blocked. According to experience, based on the equipped filtration pond 1, the service life of the anoxic / anaerobic biochemical filter 2, the aerobic biological filter 4 and the up-flow subsurface flow constructed wetland 5 is up to 5 to 20 years. Therefore, the frequency of replacing the packing is relatively low, and the comprehensive operation and maintenance cost is low. Only the plants need to be harvested daily, which is relatively simple and convenient for farmers to operate and manage, and can well solve the key problems existing in the current rural sewage treatment.

[0034] The anoxic / anaerobic biochemical filter 2 is used to reduce the total nitrogen and provide the required anaerobic / anoxic environment for denitrifying bacteria; the bacteria-algae symbiosis in the facultative oxygenation pond 3 can comprehensively and effectively reduce pollutants; the aerobic biological filter 4 is used to reduce the total phosphorus and provide the required aerobic environment for polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria to reduce phosphorus; the combination of anaerobic-facultative-aerobic-constructed wetland is adopted, and the wastewater treatment is comprehensively carried out by means of packing adsorption, microbial degradation, plant absorption, bacteria-algae symbiosis, microalgae oxygen secretion, plant root oxygen secretion, etc., comprehensively improving the pollutant reduction rate from the microbial growth and reproduction environment. The microbial agent is the indigenous microorganism that grows by natural biofilm formation, without the use of chemical agents, which is ecologically friendly and green. Relying on the anoxic / anaerobic biochemical filter 2, the facultative oxygenation pond 3, the aerobic biological filter 4 and the up-flow subsurface flow constructed wetland 5, multi-functional pollutant removal paths are provided from different sewage treatment forms, and the ability to reduce pollutants in multiple dimensions is possessed.

[0035] The anoxic-oxic pond 3 uses the oxygen secretion of plant roots and algae to enable the sewage to smoothly transition from the anoxic / anaerobic biochemical filter 2 to the aerobic biological filter 4, effectively saving the aeration cost and taking into account the aesthetic effect.

[0036] Embodiment 2

[0037] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment is a further improvement on the basis of Embodiment 1, specifically as follows:

[0038] In the filtration pond 1, a coarse grille 110 and a fine grille 120 are arranged in sequence along the water flow direction. First, the coarse grille 110 filters large particle impurities, and then the fine grille 120 filters small particle impurities to reduce the risk of blockage of the anoxic / anaerobic biochemical filter 2, the aerobic biological filter 4, and the up-flow subsurface flow constructed wetland 5.

[0039] Embodiment 3

[0040] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment is a further improvement on the basis of Embodiment 1 or 2, specifically as follows:

[0041] A number of baffles 210 for extending the water flow path are arranged in the anoxic / anaerobic biochemical filter 2, which can extend the residence time of the sewage in the anoxic / anaerobic biochemical filter 2 and strengthen the anoxic-anaerobic treatment effect.

[0042] Embodiment 4

[0043] As Figure 2 shown, this embodiment is a further improvement on the basis of any one of Embodiments 1 to 3, specifically as follows:

[0044] The filler in the anoxic / anaerobic biochemical filter 2 is corn cob and zeolite. Zeolite has a good effect on adsorbing ammonia nitrogen, and the agricultural waste corn cob can release carbon for microorganisms to use. Coarse gravel is laid below the filler layer in the anoxic / anaerobic biochemical filter 2.

[0045] Embodiment 5

[0046] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment is a further improvement on the basis of any one of Embodiments 1 to 4, specifically as follows:

[0047] The light-transmitting plate 310 is preferably a glass plate, which has good light-transmitting performance and also has the strength to carry the potted aquatic plants 320.

[0048] Embodiment 6

[0049] This embodiment is a further improvement based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 5, and the specific details are as follows:

[0050] The growth factor is one or more of nucleotides, vitamins, and auxins, which can effectively meet the growth requirements of the algal-bacterial symbiont.

[0051] Embodiment 7

[0052] As Figure 2 shown, this embodiment is a further improvement based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 6, and the specific details are as follows:

[0053] The packing materials in the aerobic biological filter 4 are volcanic rock, zeolite, red brick, and corncob. Volcanic rock, zeolite, and red brick have good phosphorus adsorption effects, while the agricultural waste corncob can release carbon for microorganisms to use.

[0054] Embodiment 8

[0055] As Figure 2 shown, this embodiment is a further improvement based on any one of Embodiments 1 to 7, and the specific details are as follows:

[0056] The packing material in the up-flow subsurface flow constructed wetland 5 is fine gravel.

[0057] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A decentralized rural sewage treatment system for hilly areas, characterized in that: include: A filtration pool (1), an anoxic / anaerobic biochemical filter (2), an anaerobic pool (3), an aerobic biological filter (4), and an upward subsurface flow artificial wetland (5) are connected in sequence by gravity along the undulations of the terrain; light-transmitting plates (310) are laid on the anaerobic pool (3) in an interval manner; potted aquatic plants (320) are arranged on the light-transmitting plates (310); the roots of the potted aquatic plants (320) enter below the liquid surface in the anaerobic pool (3); a plurality of biological carriers (330) are arranged in the anaerobic pool (3); a bacteria-algae symbiotic generator (340) is arranged on the biological carrier (330); and the bacteria-algae symbiotic generator (340) contains bacteria-algae symbionts and growth factors.

2. A decentralized rural sewage treatment system for hilly areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A coarse grid (110) and a fine grid (120) are arranged in sequence along the water flow direction in the filter tank (1).

3. A decentralized rural sewage treatment system for hilly areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of baffles (210) for extending the flow path of water are arranged in the anoxic / anaerobic biochemical filter (2).

4. A decentralized rural sewage treatment system for hilly areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light-transmitting plate (310) is a glass plate.

5. A decentralized rural sewage treatment system for hilly areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler in the upward submerged flow artificial wetland (5) is fine crushed stone.

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