Masonry structure of anti-erosion refractory bricks for gasification furnace

Abstract

The utility model discloses a masonry structure of an anti-erosion refractory brick for a gasification furnace, which is characterized in that a plurality of refractory lining bricks are flatly laid and enclosed to form a cylinder with a ring-shaped radial cross section, the left side surface and the right side surface of each refractory lining brick are right trapezoids, and the front end surface, close to the center of the furnace, of each refractory lining brick is provided with an inclined arc surface which is concentric and transits from an upper large surface to a lower large surface; the upper and lower large surfaces and the left and right side surfaces of each layer of refractory lining brick and between layers of refractory lining bricks are assembled and joined through snap fasteners of convex ribs and grooves, and a convex partition structure is formed in the middle of a masonry seam; according to the masonry structure of the anti-erosion refractory bricks for the gasification furnace, the stroke that high-temperature slag scours the masonry seams of the refractory lining bricks is prolonged, and the rate of corrosion of the high-temperature slag to the refractory lining bricks is reduced, so that the use performance of weak parts of the refractory lining bricks of a working layer is improved; the service life of the refractory lining brick of the working layer of the gasification furnace and the replacement period of the refractory material of the gasification furnace are prolonged, and the operation benefit of the gasification furnace is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of refractory bricks for gasifiers, and particularly relates to a masonry structure of erosion-resistant refractory bricks for gasifiers. Background Technique

[0002] The pressurized water-coal slurry gasifier is a key equipment for coal liquefaction technology. It uses coal as raw material, mixes with high-temperature steam and oxygen, and undergoes a series of chemical reactions to convert solid coal into gases such as CO, H2, and CH4, which are used as chemical raw materials for synthesizing ammonia and city gas. Gasifiers can be divided into top-spray type and four-nozzle opposed type according to the number of nozzles. Regardless of the type and size of the gasifier, the refractory lining in the gasifier is divided into 3 layers, from the inside to the outside are: the insulation layer, the heat insulation and support layer, and the hot-facing layer. The hot-facing layer is divided into three parts, the upper part is the arch top part, the middle part is the straight cylinder part, and the lower part is the cone bottom part. The three parts are independent of each other, which is conducive to the removal or replacement of each part.

[0003] The refractory lining in the gasifier is, from the inside to the outside, high-chromium bricks, low-chromium bricks, alumina hollow sphere bricks, and fiber compressible materials in sequence. Its working layer is composed of refractory lining bricks laid one by one, and there will be brick joints between the bricks. To maintain the integrity of the lining, after masonry, they are closely combined to prevent gas leakage. The brick joints are usually filled with fire clay. Compared with the refractory lining bricks, the fire clay joints are definitely the weak parts. When the gasifier is in operation, the refractory lining brick layer of the gasifier faces the high-temperature reaction environment inside the furnace directly. In the environment of high temperature, molten slag, and gas flow scouring, the refractory lining bricks will inevitably be damaged during long-term operation, which affects the operation. The high-temperature molten slag scours the refractory lining bricks of the working layer. As the weak part of the working layer, the fire clay joints will first expand due to the mechanical scouring of the high-temperature molten slag, and then exacerbate the erosion of the refractory bricks, causing them to spall and fall off, affecting the service life of the refractory bricks, and even causing the gasifier to stop for maintenance. This is an important problem affecting the long-term stable operation of the gasifier. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a masonry structure of erosion-resistant refractory bricks for gasifiers, which reduces the damage rate of the weakest part of the refractory lining bricks in the working layer of the gasifier by changing the shape and masonry structure of the refractory lining bricks in the working layer, thereby improving the service life of the gasifier.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows: a masonry structure of erosion-resistant refractory bricks for a gasifier, including a cylinder body with a circular ring-shaped radial cross-section formed by flat laying a number of refractory lining bricks. The refractory lining bricks are six-sided bricks. The upper large surface and the lower large surface of the refractory lining bricks are fan-shaped. The left side surface and the right side surface of the refractory lining bricks are right-angled trapezoids. The rear end surface of the refractory lining brick away from the furnace center has a flat arc surface. The front end surface of the refractory lining brick near the furnace center has a concentric inclined arc surface that transitions from the upper large surface to the lower large surface. The upper large surface of the refractory lining brick is transversely provided with an upper convex rib, and the lower large surface of the refractory lining brick is transversely provided with a lower groove. The left side surface of the refractory lining brick is provided with a left cross convex rib, and the right side surface of the refractory lining brick is provided with a right cross groove. The upper and lower large surfaces and the left and right side surfaces of each layer and between layers of refractory lining bricks are respectively assembled and connected in the form of a male-female buckle of the convex rib and the groove, and a masonry joint is formed between the refractory lining bricks. A raised partition structure is formed at the middle position of the masonry joint.

[0006] The front working surface of the refractory lining brick near the furnace center extends 10 mm in the direction of the furnace center from the upper large surface corresponding to the lower large surface. After each layer of masonry, a ring of convex platform appears in the annular masonry joint on the inner side of the furnace at the front working surface of the refractory lining brick.

[0007] The upper convex rib and the lower groove are respectively transversely penetrated and arranged at the middle positions of the upper large surface and the lower large surface of the refractory lining brick.

[0008] The left cross convex rib and the right cross groove are respectively transversely and vertically penetrated and arranged at the middle positions of the left side surface and the right side surface of the refractory lining brick.

[0009] The cross-sectional shapes of the upper convex rib and the lower groove are semi-circular, trapezoidal or triangular. The positions of the upper convex rib and the lower groove correspond to each other and the sizes are adapted to each other.

[0010] The cross-sectional shapes of the left cross convex rib and the right cross groove are semi-circular, trapezoidal or triangular. The positions of the left cross convex rib and the right cross groove correspond to each other and the sizes are adapted to each other.

[0011] The refractory lining bricks between layers are laid with staggered joints, and refractory mortar is filled in the masonry joints between the refractory lining bricks.

[0012] Each layer and the upper and lower large surfaces and the left and right side surfaces of the refractory bricks between layers are respectively assembled and connected in the form of a male-female buckle of convex ribs and grooves, and a raised partition structure is formed at the middle position of the masonry joint; the purpose of this setting is: during the operation of the gasifier, in an environment of high temperature, molten slag, and gas flow scouring, when the high-temperature molten slag and gas flow scour the refractory bricks of the working layer, when flowing through the weak part of the working layer, the fire clay joint, the convex ribs and grooves on the upper and lower large surfaces and the left and right side surfaces of the refractory bricks form a raised partition structure around the middle position of the masonry joint, which has a certain blocking and buffering effect on the high-temperature molten slag, avoiding scouring the weak part of the working layer, the fire clay joint, and further exacerbating the erosion of the refractory bricks and causing them to peel off and fall off, thereby improving the service life of the refractory bricks of the gasifier and greatly improving the operation efficiency of the gasifier.

[0013] The left side surface of the refractory brick is provided with left cross-shaped convex ribs, and the right side surface of the refractory brick is provided with right cross-shaped grooves. The purpose of this setting is: to make a cross-shaped male-female buckle on the side surface of the refractory brick, so that there is an additional raised blocking structure of the male-female buckle in the middle of the vertical joint on the working surface side of the refractory brick after each layer is laid, changing the original vertical joint into an irregular line joint, extending the path length of the liquid slag entering the masonry joint, blocking and slowing down the erosion of the weak part of the masonry joint, and improving the service life of the refractory brick.

[0014] The front working surface of the refractory brick near the furnace center extends 10 mm from the lower large surface corresponding to the upper large surface towards the furnace center. After each layer is laid, there is an additional ring of convex platforms in the annular masonry joint on the inner side of the furnace at the front working surface of the refractory brick; the purpose of this setting is: this convex platform hinders the liquid coal slag from flowing down along the working surface of the refractory brick, facilitating slag hanging and playing a protective role on the working surface of the refractory brick.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention changes the original flat straight edge of the refractory brick into convex ribs and grooves with arc or polygon transitions, forming a raised partition structure at the middle position of the masonry joint, extending the travel of the high-temperature molten slag scouring, hindering the erosion rate of the high-temperature molten slag on the refractory brick, thereby improving the service performance of the weak part of the refractory brick in the working layer, extending the service life of the refractory brick in the working layer of the gasifier and the replacement cycle of the refractories of the gasifier, and greatly improving the operation efficiency of the gasifier. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the refractory brick of the gasifier in the prior art;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the masonry structure of the refractory brick of the gasifier in the prior art;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the refractory brick of the gasifier of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a top view structural schematic diagram of the refractory lining brick of the gasifier of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a side view structural schematic diagram of the refractory lining brick of the gasifier of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the masonry structure of the refractory lining brick of the gasifier of the present utility model.

[0022] Markings in the figure: 1, refractory lining brick; 2, upper convex rib; 3, lower groove; 4, left cross convex rib; 5, right cross groove; 6, masonry joint; 7, upper large surface; 8, lower large surface; 9, left side surface; 10, right side surface; 11, front end surface; 12, rear end surface. Specific embodiments

[0023] The following further elaborates on the specific embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] As Figure 1-2 shown, it is the refractory lining brick 1 of the gasifier and its masonry structure of the prior art. The refractory lining brick 1 in the prior art has a flat straight edge. A cylinder with a circular ring-shaped radial cross-section is formed by horizontally laying several refractory lining bricks 1. The refractory lining brick 1 is a six-sided brick body. The refractory lining bricks 1 between layers are laid with staggered joints, and the masonry joints 6 are filled with fire clay. During the operation of the gasifier, high-temperature molten slag and gas flow scour the working layer refractory lining bricks. The fire clay joint, as a weak part of the working layer, will first expand due to the mechanical scour of the high-temperature molten slag, and then exacerbate the erosion of the refractory brick, causing it to spall and fall off, affecting the service life of the refractory brick.

[0025] As Figure 3-6 shown, it is the masonry structure of an erosion-resistant refractory brick for a gasifier of the present utility model, including a cylinder with a circular ring-shaped radial cross-section formed by horizontally laying several refractory lining bricks 1. The refractory lining brick 1 is a six-sided brick body. The upper large surface 7 and the lower large surface 8 of the refractory lining brick 1 are fan-shaped. The left side surface 9 and the right side surface 10 of the refractory lining brick 1 are right-angled trapezoids. The rear end surface 12 of the refractory lining brick 1 away from the furnace center has a flat circular arc surface. The front end surface 11 of the refractory lining brick 1 close to the furnace center has a concentric inclined circular arc surface that transitions from the upper large surface 7 to the lower large surface 8; The upper large surface 7 of the refractory lining brick 1 is horizontally provided with an upper convex rib 2, the lower large surface 8 of the refractory lining brick 1 is horizontally provided with a lower groove 3, the left side surface 9 of the refractory lining brick 1 is provided with a left cross convex rib 4, the right side surface 10 of the refractory lining brick 1 is provided with a right cross groove 5. The upper and lower large surfaces and the left and right side surfaces of each layer and between layers of refractory lining bricks 1 are respectively assembled and connected in the form of a male-female buckle of convex ribs and grooves. Masonry joints 6 are formed between the refractory lining bricks 1, and a raised partition structure is formed at the middle position of the masonry joints 6.

[0026] The front working surface of the refractory lining brick 1 close to the furnace center extends 10 mm from the upper large surface 7 corresponding to the lower large surface 8 towards the furnace center. After each layer is laid, a ring of bosses appears at the annular laying joint 6 on the inner side of the furnace at the front working surface of the refractory lining brick 1.

[0027] The upper rib 2 and the lower groove 3 are respectively arranged horizontally through the middle positions of the upper large surface 7 and the lower large surface 8 of the refractory lining brick 1.

[0028] The left cross rib 4 and the right cross groove 5 are respectively arranged horizontally and vertically through the middle positions of the left side surface 9 and the right side surface 10 of the refractory lining brick 1.

[0029] The cross-sectional shapes of the upper rib 2 and the lower groove 3 are semi-circular, trapezoidal or triangular. The positions of the upper rib 2 and the lower groove 3 correspond to each other and the dimensions are adapted to each other.

[0030] The cross-sectional shapes of the left cross rib 4 and the right cross groove 5 are semi-circular, trapezoidal or triangular. The positions of the left cross rib 4 and the right cross groove 5 correspond to each other and the dimensions are adapted to each other.

[0031] The refractory lining bricks 1 between layers are laid with staggered joints, and refractory mortar is filled in the laying joints between the refractory lining bricks 1.

[0032] Change the structure of the refractory lining brick 1 in the prior art where all four sides are plane straight joints. The refractory lining brick 1 of the gasifier is made to have the features of an upper convex rib 2, a lower groove 3, a left cross convex rib 4, a right cross groove 5, and a right-angled trapezoid side. A cylindrical body with a circular ring-shaped radial cross-section formed by flat laying several refractory lining bricks 1, and the refractory lining bricks 1 between layers are laid with staggered joints. Refractory mortar is filled in the masonry joints 6 between the refractory lining bricks 1. The upper large surface 7, the lower large surface 8, the left side surface 9, and the right side surface 10 of each layer and between layers of refractory lining bricks 1 are assembled and connected respectively in the form of a male-female buckle of convex ribs and grooves, forming a raised partition structure at the middle position of the masonry joint 6, changing the original masonry joint 6 from a plane straight joint to a transition joint with a raised partition structure, and there is an additional raised blocking structure of a male-female buckle in the middle of the vertical joints on the working surface side of the refractory lining bricks 1 after each layer of masonry, changing the original vertical joints into irregular line joints, that is, the working layer refractory lining bricks 1 have a transition form of first a flat straight surface, then an arc surface or a polygonal surface bulge, and finally a flat straight surface from the inside to the outside. During the operation of the gasifier, when high-temperature molten slag and gas flow scour the working layer refractory lining bricks 1 and flow through the weak part fire clay joints of the working layer, the upper and lower large surfaces, the left and right side surfaces of the refractory lining bricks 1 with convex ribs and grooves form a raised partition structure around the middle position of the masonry joint 6 and at the middle position of the vertical joints on the working surface, which has a certain blocking and buffering effect on the high-temperature molten slag, avoiding scouring the weak part fire clay joints of the working layer, and thus exacerbating the erosion of the refractory lining bricks 1 and causing them to spall and fall off. Also, at the front working surface of the refractory lining bricks 1 near the furnace center, the lower large surface 8 extends 10 mm towards the furnace center corresponding to the upper large surface 7. After each layer of masonry, there is an additional ring of convex platforms in the annular masonry joints on the inner side of the furnace at the front working surface of the refractory lining bricks 1, which hinders the downward flow of liquid coal slag along the working surface of the refractory lining bricks 1, facilitates slag hanging, plays a protective role on the working surface of the refractory lining bricks 1, prolongs the service life of the refractory lining bricks 1 of the gasifier, and greatly improves the operation efficiency of the gasifier.

[0033] In addition to the above embodiments, the present utility model can also have other implementation manners. All technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope required by the present utility model.

Claims

1. A masonry structure of corrosion-resistant refractory bricks for a gasifier, characterized in that: It comprises a cylinder with a circular radial cross section formed by a number of refractory lining bricks laid flat, the refractory lining bricks are six-sided bricks, the upper large surface and the lower large surface of the refractory lining bricks are fan-shaped, the left and right side surfaces of the refractory lining bricks are right-angled trapezoids, the rear end surface of the refractory lining brick away from the furnace center has a flush arc surface, and the front end surface of the refractory lining brick close to the furnace center has a concentric inclined arc surface that transitions from the upper large surface to the lower large surface; the upper large surface of the refractory lining brick is laterally provided with an upper convex rib, the lower large surface of the refractory lining brick is laterally provided with a lower groove, the left side surface of the refractory lining brick is provided with a left cross convex rib, and the right side surface of the refractory lining brick is provided with a right cross groove, the upper and lower large surfaces and the left and right side surfaces of each layer and between layers of refractory lining bricks are respectively assembled and connected in the form of snap-fit ​​buckles of convex ribs and grooves, a masonry joint is formed between the refractory lining bricks, and a raised partition structure is formed in the middle of the masonry joint.

2. The masonry structure of corrosion-resistant refractory bricks for a gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front working surface of the refractory lining brick close to the center of the furnace extends 10mm from the upper large surface corresponding to the lower large surface toward the center of the furnace. After each layer of masonry, the front working surface of the refractory lining brick has an additional ring of bosses in the annular masonry joint on the inner side of the furnace.

3. The masonry structure of corrosion-resistant refractory bricks for a gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper convex rib and the lower groove are respectively arranged to penetrate horizontally along the middle positions of the upper large surface and the lower large surface of the refractory lining brick.

4. The masonry structure of corrosion-resistant refractory bricks for a gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left cross rib and the right cross groove are respectively arranged to penetrate horizontally and vertically along the middle positions of the left side and the right side of the refractory lining brick.

5. The masonry structure of corrosion-resistant refractory bricks for a gasifier according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shapes of the upper convex rib and the lower concave groove are semicircular, trapezoidal or triangular, and the positions of the upper convex rib and the lower concave groove correspond and the sizes are matched.

6. The masonry structure of corrosion-resistant refractory bricks for a gasifier according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shapes of the left cross rib and the right cross groove are semicircular, trapezoidal or triangular, and the positions of the left cross rib and the right cross groove correspond to each other and the sizes are matched.

7. The masonry structure of corrosion-resistant refractory bricks for a gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refractory lining bricks between layers are laid with staggered joints, and the joints between the refractory lining bricks are filled with refractory mortar.

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