Perforator and chemical perforation pitching sliding sleeve

Abstract

The utility model discloses a perforator which comprises a perforation frame, a medicament barrel, a first wall-breaking disc and a second wall-breaking disc, when the perforator is used, the perforator is arranged at a preset position, pressure is applied to the outside of the perforator, the first wall-breaking disc and the second wall-breaking disc are broken under the action of the pressure, and medicament in the medicament barrel generates chemical reaction; and the medicament penetrates through a cement sheath, a reservoir and the like at the corresponding position of the perforator through the second wall breaking disc, and a hole with a certain depth is formed in the reservoir, so that fracturing or other production increasing operations can be carried out, and the operation efficiency is improved. Through the chemical reaction of the agent, corrosion, explosion and other effects are generated, so that a well completion scheme does not need to be formulated in advance, the standby time in fracturing or other production increasing operation construction is greatly shortened, and the construction cost is reduced. The utility model further discloses a chemical perforation pitching sliding sleeve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of drilling, in particular to a perforator and a chemical perforating ball valve sliding sleeve. Background Art

[0002] In the field of oil and gas drilling and completion, after drilling through the oil and gas layer and casing and cementing, it is necessary to use a perforator to penetrate the casing, cement sheath and oil and gas layer to form a channel between the wellbore and the production layer, so as to carry out fracturing or other stimulation operations to improve production capacity. In a long horizontal wellbore containing multiple production layers, the standby time is long and the construction cost is high during the fracturing or other stimulation operations. To solve this problem, the prior art integrates the sliding sleeve and ball valve used in the open-hole multistage fracturing construction into the casing string and lowers them into the well together, and they are cemented together with the casing string. This method realizes that only by opening the sliding sleeve can the fracturing or other stimulation operations be carried out, but the defect of this method is that it is necessary to make a decision in advance on the completion using the sliding sleeve. To correspond to each production layer, it is also necessary to accurately connect the sliding sleeve and ball valve in the casing string, and the operation efficiency is low.

[0003] Therefore, how to improve the operation efficiency and shorten the standby time during the fracturing or other stimulation operations is a technical problem that those skilled in the art need to solve at present. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] In view of this, the first object of the utility model is to provide a perforator to improve the operation efficiency and shorten the standby time during the fracturing or other stimulation operations;

[0005] The second object of the utility model is to provide a chemical perforating ball valve sliding sleeve.

[0006] To achieve the above first object, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A perforator includes a perforating frame, a medicine cylinder, a first breaking disk and a second breaking disk, wherein:

[0008] The perforating frame is provided with a through hole, and the medicine cylinder is arranged inside the through hole along the axis of the through hole;

[0009] The first breaking disk is arranged at the first end of the medicine cylinder, the second breaking disk is arranged at the second end of the medicine cylinder, and medicine is arranged inside the medicine cylinder;

[0010] A convex portion is arranged at one end of the perforating frame close to the second breaking disk;

[0011] When the first breaking disk and the second breaking disk are broken, the medicine undergoes a chemical reaction.

[0012] Optionally, in the above perforator, the perforator further includes a protective layer disposed at the second end of the chemical cartridge. An iron wool catalyst is disposed between the protective layer and the second breaking disk, and bromine trifluoride is disposed between the first breaking disk and the second breaking disk.

[0013] Optionally, in the above perforator, one end of the perforating frame close to the first breaking disk is beveled.

[0014] When the perforator provided by the present utility model is in use, the perforator is disposed at a preset position, and pressure is applied to the outside thereof. Under the action of the pressure, the first breaking disk and the second breaking disk are broken, and a chemical reaction occurs in the chemical in the chemical cartridge. The chemical penetrates through the cement sheath, reservoir, etc. at the corresponding position of the perforator through the second breaking disk, and forms holes with a certain depth in the reservoir, so that fracturing or other stimulation operations can be carried out, improving the operation efficiency. By using the chemical reaction of the chemical, effects such as corrosion and explosion are generated, so that it is not necessary to formulate a completion plan in advance, greatly shortening the standby time during the construction of fracturing or other stimulation operations and reducing the construction cost.

[0015] In order to achieve the above second object, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0016] A chemical perforating ball-dropping sliding sleeve includes a sphere, a casing, and a perforator as described in any one of the above, wherein:

[0017] An outer casing and an inner sleeve are disposed inside the casing, and the chemical in the perforator is used to corrode the casing;

[0018] The outer casing is provided with a first mounting hole for accommodating a convex portion;

[0019] The inner sleeve is provided with a second mounting hole that cooperates with the perforating frame;

[0020] When the sphere acts on the perforating frame, the perforating frame moves along the axial directions of the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole.

[0021] Optionally, in the above chemical perforating ball-dropping sliding sleeve, the chemical perforating ball-dropping sliding sleeve further includes a base disposed inside the first mounting hole. A third mounting hole that cooperates with the convex portion is provided in the middle of the base, and the base is fixedly connected to the outer casing.

[0022] Optionally, in the above chemical perforating ball-dropping sliding sleeve, a shear pin is disposed on one side of the base close to the perforating frame, and the shear pin is disposed outside the third mounting hole.

[0023] Optionally, in the above chemical perforating ball-dropping sliding sleeve, the base and the outer casing are bolt-connected.

[0024] Optionally, in the above chemical perforating ball-dropping sliding sleeve, a ball seat is disposed inside the inner sleeve. The ball seat protrudes radially from the inner sleeve and is used to receive the sphere.

[0025] Optionally, in the above chemical perforating ball-dropping sliding sleeve, the number of perforators is two, and they are oppositely arranged in the inner sleeve.

[0026] Optionally, in the above chemical perforating ball-dropping sliding sleeve, the inner sleeve is slidably arranged inside the casing.

[0027] When the chemical perforating ball-dropping sliding sleeve provided by the present utility model is in use, the casing is arranged underground, the inner sleeve is lowered to a preset position in the casing, so that the perforators are aligned with the position where the operation needs to be carried out. The operator drops the ball into the inner sleeve from top to bottom. The ball drops and acts on the perforator, pushing the perforating frame to move along the axial direction of the second mounting hole, and the protruding part of the perforating frame moves along the axial direction of the first mounting hole. Then, pressure is applied to the inside of the casing. Under the action of the pressure, the first and second breaking disks of the perforator break, the agent undergoes a chemical reaction, the agent penetrates through the cement ring, reservoir, etc. at the corresponding position of the perforator through the second breaking disk, and forms holes with a certain depth in the reservoir. During the use process, there is no need to formulate a completion plan in advance, and the operation position can be determined at any time during the pipe-laying process, greatly shortening the standby time in the fracturing or other stimulation operation construction, and improving the operation efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the chemical perforating ball-dropping sliding sleeve disclosed in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the initial state of the perforator disclosed in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the state where the ball impacts the perforating frame disclosed in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the state where the ball continues to drop after impacting the perforating frame disclosed in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the state where the casing is corroded and penetrated by the chemical reaction disclosed in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0034] Figure 6Schematic diagram of the state where the cement sheath is corroded and penetrated by a chemical reaction to form holes with a certain depth in the reservoir;

[0035] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the perforator disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Among them:

[0037] 1. Perforator, 2. Outer shell, 3. Inner sleeve, 4. Ball seat, 5. Casing, 6. Screw, 7. Base, 8. Second rupture disc, 9. Perforation frame, 10. Shearing pin, 11. Second installation hole, 12. Shoulder, 13. Inclined plane, 14. Protective layer, 15. Iron wool catalyst, 16. Reagent cylinder, 17. Through hole, 18. First rupture disc, 19. Bromine trifluoride, 20. Cement sheath, 21. Reservoir, 22. Sphere, 23. Protrusion. Specific embodiments

[0038] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "top surface", "bottom surface", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated position or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] The iron wool catalyst 15 refers to a type of catalyst that is usually used in oxidation reactions. They are usually composed of iron oxides (such as Fe2O3), and the surface is covered with a fluffy or fibrous structure, which is beneficial to improving the activity and selectivity of the catalyst. The iron wool catalyst 15 is often used as a catalyst for oxidation reactions in the chemical industry, such as oxidizing methane to produce syngas, oxidizing benzene to produce phenol, etc. This type of catalyst usually has high catalytic activity and stability and is widely used in industrial production.

[0041] Bromine trifluoride 19 is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula BrF3. It is a colorless to light yellow liquid with a pungent odor at room temperature. Bromine trifluoride 19 is a strong oxidizing agent and can react with many organic and inorganic substances. In chemical laboratories, it is often used as a fluorinating agent or oxidizing agent and is also used in organic synthesis reactions.

[0042] As Figures 1-7 shown, the perforator 1 disclosed in the present utility model includes a perforating frame 9, a medicine cylinder 16, a first breaking disk 18 and a second breaking disk 8. Among them, the perforating frame 9 is provided with a through hole 17, the medicine cylinder 16 is arranged inside the through hole 17 along the axis of the through hole 17, the first breaking disk 18 is arranged at the first end of the medicine cylinder 16, the second breaking disk 8 is arranged at the second end of the medicine cylinder 16, a medicine is arranged inside the medicine cylinder 16, and a convex portion 23 is arranged at one end of the perforating frame 9 close to the second breaking disk 8. When the first breaking disk 18 and the second breaking disk 8 are broken, a chemical reaction occurs to the medicine. Specifically, the through hole 17 penetrates through the body of the perforator 1, and the medicine is enclosed in the medicine cylinder 16 by the first breaking disk 18 and the second breaking disk 8. Specifically, the ways of applying pressure to the perforator 1 include, but are not limited to, pumping a pressure liquid to the side close to the first breaking disk 18 and other ways. When in use, the perforator 1 provided by the present utility model is arranged at a preset position, pressure is applied to its outside. Under the action of the pressure, the first breaking disk 18 and the second breaking disk 8 are broken, the medicine inside the medicine cylinder 16 generates a chemical reaction, the medicine penetrates through the cement ring 20, the reservoir 21, etc. at the corresponding position of the perforator 1 through the second breaking disk 8, and forms a hole with a certain depth in the reservoir 21, so that fracturing or other stimulation operations can be carried out, improving the operation efficiency. By using the chemical reaction of the medicine to generate effects such as corrosion and explosion, it is not necessary to formulate a well completion plan in advance, greatly shortening the standby time during the construction of fracturing or other stimulation operations and reducing the construction cost.

[0043] To optimize the above technical solution, the perforator 1 further includes a protective layer 14 disposed at the second end of the chemical cartridge 16. An iron wool catalyst 15 is arranged between the protective layer 14 and the second breaking disk 8, and bromine trifluoride 19 is arranged between the first breaking disk 18 and the second breaking disk 8. Specifically, the protective layer 14 includes, but is not limited to, elastomers, metals, or other materials that can protect the iron wool catalyst 15. During use, under the action of pressure, the first breaking disk 18, the second breaking disk 8, and the protective layer 14 rupture, and the bromine trifluoride 19 passes through the iron wool catalyst 15 and rapidly undergoes a violent chemical reaction, resulting in an explosion. Holes of a certain depth are formed in the cement sheath 20, the reservoir 21, etc. at the corresponding position of the perforator 1, so that fracturing or other stimulation operations can be carried out, improving the operation efficiency. At the same time, the operator can pressurize at any time to control the rupture of the first breaking disk 18 and the second breaking disk 8, eliminating the need to formulate a completion plan in advance, greatly shortening the standby time during fracturing or other stimulation operations, and reducing the construction cost.

[0044] To optimize the above technical solution, one end of the perforating rack 9 close to the first breaking disk 18 is an inclined surface 13. Specifically, the inclined surface 13 is provided to adapt to the ball throwing operation. During actual use, after the ball is thrown, the ball 22 will hit one end of the perforating rack 9 close to the first breaking disk 18. To make the ball 22 exert an inclined force on the perforating rack 9 and promote the perforating rack 9 to move in a direction perpendicular to the falling direction of the ball 22, the contact surface between the ball 22 and the perforating rack 9 is set as the inclined surface 13. Such an arrangement can prevent the ball 22 from getting stuck in the perforating rack 9 and unable to promote the movement of the perforating rack 9, thus ensuring the operation efficiency.

[0045] The chemical perforating ball sliding sleeve disclosed by the present utility model comprises a sphere 22, a casing 5 and a perforator 1 as described in any one of the above, wherein an outer shell 2 and an inner sleeve 3 are arranged inside the casing 5, the agent of the perforator 1 is used to corrode the casing 5, the outer shell 2 is provided with a first mounting hole for accommodating a convex portion 23, the inner sleeve 3 is provided with a second mounting hole 11 which is matched with a perforating frame 9, when the sphere 22 acts on the perforating frame 9, the perforating frame 9 moves along the axial directions of the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole 11. Specifically, a shoulder 12 is arranged at one end of the second mounting hole 11 close to the first mounting hole, when the sphere 22 impacts an inclined surface 13, the shoulder 12 will guide the perforating frame 9 to move radially to reduce the offset of the perforating frame 9 along the axial direction of the inner sleeve 3. For the chemical perforating ball sliding sleeve provided by the present utility model, during use, the casing 5 is arranged underground, the inner sleeve 3 is lowered to a preset position in the casing 5 so that the perforator 1 is aligned with the position where operation needs to be carried out, an operator drops the sphere 22 into the inside of the inner sleeve 3 from top to bottom, the sphere 22 falls and acts on the perforator 1 to push the perforating frame 9 to move along the axial direction of the second mounting hole 11, the convex portion 23 of the perforating frame 9 moves along the axial direction of the first mounting hole, then pressure is applied to the inside of the casing 5, under the action of the pressure, a first breaking disk 18 and a second breaking disk 8 of the perforator 1 are broken, the agent generates a chemical reaction, the agent penetrates through a cement sheath 20, a reservoir 21, etc. at the corresponding position of the perforator 1 through the second breaking disk 8, and forms holes with a certain depth in the reservoir 21. During the use process, there is no need to formulate a completion plan in advance, and the operation position can be determined at any time during the pipe-laying process, which greatly shortens the standby time in the construction of fracturing or other stimulation operations and improves the operation efficiency.

[0046] To optimize the above technical solution, the chemical perforating ball sliding sleeve further comprises a base 7, the base 7 is arranged inside the first mounting hole, a third mounting hole which is matched with the convex portion 23 is provided in the middle of the base 7, and the base 7 is fixedly connected with the outer shell 2. During use, the sphere 22 strikes the inclined surface 13 downward along the axial direction of the inner sleeve 3, under the action of the sphere 22, the perforating frame 9 moves inside the second mounting hole 11, and the convex portion 23 of the perforating frame 9 moves inside the third mounting hole until the second end of the agent cartridge 16 approaches the preset operation position, then an operator pumps pressure fluid into the inner sleeve 3 to break the first breaking disk 18, the second breaking disk 8 and a protective layer 14, the agent corrodes the casing 5, and the impact force generated by the chemical reaction forms holes at the preset position, and then fracturing or other stimulation operations can be carried out. The above operation process takes a short time, reduces the construction cost, overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art, and improves the operation efficiency.

[0047] To optimize the above technical solution, the base 7 and the outer shell 2 are connected by bolts 6.

[0048] To optimize the above technical solution, a shear pin 10 is arranged on one side of the base 7 close to the perforating rack 9, and the shear pin 10 is arranged outside the third mounting hole. Specifically, the shear pin 10 keeps the protruding part 23 initially arranged in the second mounting hole 11. Under the action of the ground pumping pressure, the shear pin 10 is cut off, and the protruding part 23 enters the third mounting hole until the inclined surface 13 completely enters the second mounting hole 11, and then the sphere 22 continues to fall. Such an arrangement realizes the structural stability of the perforating rack 9 in the initial state. Only under the action of force, the shear pin 10 is cut off can the operation be started, improving the use safety of the chemical perforating ball-dropping sliding sleeve.

[0049] To optimize the above technical solution, a ball seat 4 is arranged inside the inner sleeve 3. The ball seat 4 protrudes radially along the inner sleeve 3 for receiving the sphere 22. Specifically, the shape of the ball seat 4 gradually converges along the direction of the sphere 22 falling. When the sphere 22 passes through the perforator 1 and completes the task of pushing the perforator 1 into the third mounting hole, it continues to fall and is received by the sphere 22. Such an arrangement can prevent the sphere 22 from falling into the bottom of the well, thus realizing the recovery of the sphere 22.

[0050] To optimize the above technical solution, the number of perforators 1 is two, and they are arranged oppositely in the inner sleeve 3. Specifically, according to the use requirements, multiple perforators 1 can be arranged in the inner sleeve 3 and operate simultaneously. When multiple perforators 1 are arranged axially in the inner sleeve 3, one sphere 22 falling can push two or more perforating racks 9 to move simultaneously, thus realizing rapid operation and simultaneous operation.

[0051] To optimize the above technical solution, the inner sleeve 3 is slidably arranged inside the casing 5. Specifically, the inner sleeve 3 can slide axially inside the casing 5 to close or open the outer shell 2 and the holes generated on the casing 5 after perforation.

[0052] The advantages of the present utility model are as follows:

[0053] (1) The operation efficiency is improved;

[0054] (2) The standby time in the construction of fracturing or other production-increasing operations is shortened;

[0055] (3) High safety and stable structure.

[0056] It should be noted that the perforator and the chemical perforating ball-dropping sliding sleeve provided by the present utility model can be used in the drilling technology field or other fields. The other fields are any fields except the drilling technology field. The above is only an example and does not limit the application fields of the perforator and the chemical perforating ball-dropping sliding sleeve provided by the present utility model.

[0057] In this specification, the various embodiments are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. For the same or similar parts among the various embodiments, reference may be made to each other.

[0058] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0059] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0060] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the present invention to the specific implementation manners. Obviously, many modifications and variations can be made according to the content of this specification. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is only limited by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A perforator, characterized in that: It comprises a perforating frame, a medicine cartridge, a first wall-breaking disk and a second wall-breaking disk, wherein: The perforation frame is provided with a through hole, and the medicine cartridge is arranged inside the through hole along the axis of the through hole; The first wall-breaking disk is arranged at the first end of the medicine barrel, the second wall-breaking disk is arranged at the second end of the medicine barrel, and medicine is arranged inside the medicine barrel; A protrusion is arranged at one end of the perforating frame close to the second wall-breaking disk; When the first wall-breaking disk and the second wall-breaking disk are broken, the drug undergoes a chemical reaction.

2. The perforator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The perforator further comprises a protective layer, which is arranged at the second end of the cartridge, an iron wool catalyst is arranged between the protective layer and the second wall-breaking disk, and bromine trifluoride is arranged between the first wall-breaking disk and the second wall-breaking disk.

3. The perforator according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the perforating frame close to the first wall-breaking disk is an inclined surface.

4. A chemical perforating ball-casting sleeve, characterized in that: The invention comprises a ball, a casing and a perforator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: An outer casing and an inner casing are arranged inside the casing, and the agent of the perforator is used to corrode the casing; The housing is provided with a first mounting hole for accommodating the protrusion; The inner sleeve is provided with a second mounting hole matched with the perforating frame; When the sphere acts on the perforating frame, the perforating frame moves along the axial direction of the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole.

5. The chemical perforating ball-casting sleeve according to claim 4, characterized in that: The chemical perforating ball-casting sleeve also includes a base, which is arranged inside the first mounting hole. A third mounting hole matching the protruding portion is opened in the middle of the base, and the base is fixedly connected to the shell.

6. The chemical perforating ball-casting sleeve according to claim 5, characterized in that: A shear pin is arranged on one side of the base close to the perforating frame, and the shear pin is arranged outside the third mounting hole.

7. The chemical perforating ball-casting sleeve according to claim 5, characterized in that: The base is connected to the shell by bolts.

8. The chemical perforating ball-casting sleeve according to claim 4, characterized in that: A ball seat is arranged inside the inner sleeve, and the ball seat protrudes in the radial direction of the inner sleeve for receiving the ball.

9. The chemical perforating ball-casting sleeve according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of the perforators is two, and the perforators are arranged opposite to the inner sleeve.

10. The chemical perforating ball-casting sleeve according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner sleeve is slidably arranged inside the sleeve.

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