Low-temperature device

Abstract

The utility model provides a low-temperature device. The low-temperature device comprises a shell, a cold shield interlayer, an inner container, a neck tube, a connecting piece and a test insertion rod, the cold shield interlayer is arranged between the shell and the inner container; a neck pipe is welded above the inner container, and a connecting piece is welded at the upper end of the neck pipe; the connecting piece penetrates through the upper end of the cold shield interlayer; the testing insertion rod downwards passes through the neck tube from the upper end of the shell to the interior of the inner container. According to the utility model, the cold shield interlayer is arranged between the inner container and the shell, so that heat loss caused by liquid helium evaporation is effectively reduced; and the inner container and the shell are made of different stainless steel materials and designed in thickness according to the standard of the pressure vessel, so that the low-temperature device can bear a certain internal and external pressure difference and is safe and reliable. And meanwhile, the neck pipe is formed by welding a low-temperature section corrugated pipe and a room-temperature section straight pipe, so that heat conduction of the neck pipe is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of superconducting single photon detectors, and particularly to a cryogenic device. Background Art

[0002] The SSPD (superconducting single photon detector) with high efficiency and low dark count rate has been widely used in the fields of quantum information, deep space communication, lidar, etc., and provides core detection technology support for China's Jiuzhang optical quantum computing prototype, quantum key distribution and other fields to reach the international leading level.

[0003] However, due to the limitation of the critical temperature of traditional superconducting thin film materials, the operating temperature of SSPD is generally below 2.5K. Therefore, one of the most core supporting technologies for SSPD applications is refrigeration technology, but the refrigeration technology still faces some challenges. Conventional SSPD systems are usually coupled and integrated with GM refrigerators (invented by Gifford and McMahon) or adsorption refrigerators. As Figure 1 shown, the structural block diagram of the entire detection system 1 includes a high-vacuum molecular pump 10, a GM refrigerator cold head 11, a helium compressor 12, a bias and readout module 13 and other structures. This results in a large volume, high power consumption, and long cooling time. These limitations make SSPD can only be used in fixed places such as laboratories, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of mobility and rapid application. When miniaturization is achieved, the heat leakage problem of the cryogenic device restricts the performance stability of SSPD and further affects its working duration.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing refrigeration device so that the refrigeration device can achieve the purpose of being more compact, lightweight and efficient in refrigeration.

[0005] It should be noted that the above introduction of the technical background is only for the convenience of clearly and completely explaining the technical solution of the present utility model and facilitating the understanding of those skilled in the art. It cannot be considered that the above technical solutions are well-known to those skilled in the art just because these solutions are described in the background art part of the present utility model. Summary of the Utility Model

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, the purpose of the present utility model is to provide a cryogenic device, which is used to solve the problems that in the prior art, refrigerators with large volume and high power consumption are mostly used, restricting the mobility and rapid application requirements of SSPD. When miniaturization is achieved, the heat leakage problem of the cryogenic device restricts the performance and working duration of SSPD.

[0007] To achieve the above and other related purposes, the present utility model provides a cryogenic device, which includes: a housing, a cold shield interlayer, an inner container, a neck tube, a connecting piece, and a test plug rod;

[0008] The cold shield interlayer is arranged between the housing and the inner container;

[0009] The neck tube is welded above the inner container, and the connecting piece is welded at the upper end of the neck tube; the connecting piece passes through the upper end of the cold shield interlayer; the test plug rod passes downward from the upper end of the housing through the neck tube into the interior of the inner container.

[0010] Optionally, the housing includes a first elliptical upper cover, a first circular straight cylinder, and a first elliptical base; the first elliptical upper cover is welded at the upper end of the first circular straight cylinder; the first elliptical base is welded at the lower end of the first circular straight cylinder;

[0011] The inner container includes a second elliptical upper cover, a second circular straight cylinder, and a second elliptical base; the second elliptical upper cover is welded at the upper end of the second circular straight cylinder; the second elliptical base is welded at the lower end of the second circular straight cylinder;

[0012] The cold shield interlayer includes an annular flat plate, a third circular straight cylinder, and a circular flat plate; the annular flat plate is welded at the upper end of the third circular straight cylinder; the circular flat plate is welded at the lower end of the third circular straight cylinder.

[0013] Optionally, the cryogenic device further includes an annular copper, and the annular copper is fixed on the annular flat plate through a first connecting component; the annular copper is welded to the connecting piece.

[0014] Optionally, the test plug rod includes a room temperature flange, a fiberglass rod, a base, and a radiation shielding component; the room temperature flange includes an electrical connector, a coaxial cable connector, and an optical fiber connector; the fiberglass rod is a hollow cylinder; the radiation shielding component is adhesively bonded around the outer side wall of the fiberglass rod through a second connecting component and is located within the neck tube; the room temperature flange and the upper end of the fiberglass rod are fixedly connected through a second connecting component; the lower end of the fiberglass rod and the base are also fixedly connected through the second connecting component.

[0015] Optionally, the neck tube includes a low-temperature section bellows and a room temperature section straight tube; the low-temperature section bellows and the room temperature section straight tube are welded; the low-temperature section bellows is welded to the inner container.

[0016] Optionally, the cryogenic device further includes a pipeline for liquid helium injection; first through holes are provided on the first elliptical upper cover, the annular flat plate, and the second elliptical upper cover. The pipeline sequentially passes through the first through hole on the first elliptical upper cover, the first through hole on the annular flat plate, and the first through hole on the second elliptical upper cover, and the pipeline is welded to the second elliptical upper cover through the first through hole on the second elliptical cover.

[0017] Optionally, the cryogenic device further includes a vacuum pumping component; a second through hole is further provided on the first elliptical upper cover, and the vacuum pumping component is welded to the first elliptical upper cover through the second through hole.

[0018] Optionally, the cold shield interlayer is set as an aluminum cold shield interlayer.

[0019] Optionally, the outer shell is set as a stainless steel outer shell; the inner container is set as a stainless steel inner container.

[0020] Optionally, the connecting piece is set as a stainless steel connecting piece.

[0021] As described above, the present utility model provides a cryogenic device, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The present utility model adopts a cold shield interlayer, which forms a closed high-vacuum cavity between the inner container and the outer shell, can effectively reduce the heat loss caused by liquid helium evaporation, extend the service time of liquid helium, and improve the utilization efficiency of liquid helium. The aluminum cold shield interlayer is light in weight, and the high thermal conductivity of the aluminum cold shield interlayer is conducive to cold quantity transfer, reduces the temperature of the cold shield interlayer, and reduces the radiant heat loss inside the cryogenic device.

[0023] 2. The inner container and the outer shell of the present utility model adopt different types of stainless steel materials; and the corresponding thicknesses are designed according to the pressure vessel standard to withstand a certain internal and external pressure difference, making the cryogenic device more stable, safe and reliable.

[0024] 3. The neck tube of the present utility model is welded and connected by a corrugated tube in the low-temperature section and a straight tube in the room-temperature section. The corrugated tube in the low-temperature section can effectively reduce the heat conduction of the neck tube, and the straight tube part in the room-temperature section is convenient for welding with the outer shell, reducing the overall liquid helium evaporation loss.

[0025] 4. The test plug rod of the present utility model introduces the test cable and optical fiber into the cryogenic device, and a radiation shielding component is provided on the fiberglass rod. At the same time, a ring-shaped copper is provided on the annular flat plate of the cold shield interlayer, and the ring-shaped copper is welded to the stainless steel connecting piece, effectively reducing the heat conduction and radiant heat in the low-temperature section, greatly reducing the heat leakage rate of the cryogenic device, and improving the stability and continuity of the low-temperature performance test of the single-photon detector.

[0026] 5. Through the improvement of the structures such as the outer shell, cold shield sandwich, inner container, neck tube, test insertion rod, pipelines for liquid helium injection and evaporation exhaust, and vacuum pumping components, the present utility model realizes the integrated integration of electrical devices and cryogenic devices, making the use and maintenance of cryogenic devices relatively convenient; through reasonable material selection and structural optimization, a cryogenic device with a compact structure, small size, light weight, and low heat leakage is realized, and this cryogenic device can be conveniently and quickly applied to various cryogenic test platforms. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram of a superconducting single-photon detection system shown as the prior art.

[0028] Figure 2 Schematic structural diagram of the cryogenic device of the present utility model.

[0029] Figure 3 Top view of the cold shield sandwich of the present utility model.

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic structural diagram of the test insertion rod of the present utility model.

[0031] DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS

[0032] 1 Detection system

[0033] 10 High-vacuum molecular pump

[0034] 11 GM cryocooler cold head

[0035] 12 Helium compressor

[0036] 13 Bias and readout module

[0037] 2 Cryogenic device

[0038] 20 Outer shell

[0039] 200 First elliptical upper cover

[0040] 201 First circular straight cylinder

[0041] 202 First elliptical base

[0042] 21 Cold shield sandwich

[0043] 210 Ring-shaped flat plate

[0044] 211 Third circular straight cylinder

[0045] 213 Ring-shaped copper

[0046] 214 First connecting component

[0047] 22 Inner container

[0048] 220 Second elliptical upper cover

[0049] 221 Second circular straight cylinder

[0050] 222 Second elliptical base

[0051] 23 Neck tube

[0052] 230 Low-temperature section bellows

[0053] 231 Room-temperature section straight tube

[0054] 24 Connector

[0055] 25 Test plug

[0056] 250 Room-temperature flange

[0057] 251 Fiberglass rod

[0058] 252 Base

[0059] 253 Radiation shielding component

[0060] 253a Radiation baffle

[0061] 253b Foam

[0062] 26 Pipeline

[0063] 27 Vacuum pumping component

[0064] 28 Support assembly

[0065] 280 Vertical rod

[0066] 281 Cross structure Specific implementation mode

[0067] The following is a specific example to illustrate the implementation mode of the present utility model. Those familiar with this technology can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present utility model from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0068] Please refer to Figures 2 to 4It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of this specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for those familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions for the implementation of the present utility model. Therefore, they do not have any substantial technical significance. Any change in the decoration of the structure, the proportional relationship, or the adjustment of the size, without affecting the efficacy and the purpose that the present utility model can achieve, should still fall within the scope covered by the technical content disclosed in the present utility model. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", and "one" cited in this specification are only for the convenience of clear description and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of the present utility model. The change or adjustment of their relative relationship, without substantial change in the technical content, should also be regarded as the scope of implementation of the present utility model.

[0069] As Figure 2 shown, this embodiment provides a low-temperature device 2, including: a housing 20, a cold shield sandwich 21, an inner container 22, a neck tube 23, a connecting member 24, and a test insertion rod 25;

[0070] As Figure 2 shown, the cold shield sandwich 21 is disposed between the housing 20 and the inner container 22.

[0071] Specifically, in this embodiment, the outer shell 20 includes a first elliptical upper cover 200, a first circular straight cylinder 201, and a first elliptical base 202; the first elliptical upper cover 200 is welded to the upper end of the first circular straight cylinder 201; the first elliptical base 202 is welded to the lower end of the first circular straight cylinder 201. That is, the first circular straight cylinder 201 is cylindrical in shape, ensuring the overall strength and stability of the outer shell 20. The shape of the first elliptical base 202 corresponds to that of the first elliptical upper cover 200, both being elliptical, increasing the stability of the outer shell 20 and ensuring the welded seal of the outer shell 20. In actual use, any shape of the outer shell that can ensure the welded seal of the outer shell is applicable to the present utility model, which will not be elaborated one by one here. And the thickness of the first circular straight cylinder 201 is set to 2 mm. In actual use, the thickness of the first circular straight cylinder can be set according to the pressure vessel standard and is not limited to this embodiment. The inner tank 22 includes a second elliptical upper cover 220, a second circular straight cylinder 221, and a second elliptical base 222; the second elliptical upper cover 220 is welded to the upper end of the second circular straight cylinder 221; the second elliptical base 222 is welded to the lower end of the second circular straight cylinder 221. That is, the second circular straight cylinder 221 is cylindrical in shape, and the shapes of the second elliptical base 222 and the second elliptical upper cover 200 are both elliptical, ensuring the stability of the inner tank 22 and the welded seal of the inner tank 22. In actual use, any shape of the inner tank that can ensure the welded seal of the inner tank is applicable to the present utility model, which will not be elaborated one by one here. And the thickness of the second circular straight cylinder 221 is set to 0.5 mm. In actual use, the thickness of the second circular straight cylinder can be set according to the pressure vessel standard and is not limited to this embodiment. The cold shield sandwich 21 includes an annular flat plate 210, a third circular straight cylinder 211, and a circular flat plate; the annular flat plate 210 is welded to the upper end of the third circular straight cylinder 211; the circular flat plate is welded to the lower end of the third circular straight cylinder 211. And the thickness of the third circular straight cylinder 221 includes but is not limited to 1 mm.

[0072] More specifically, in this embodiment, the outer shell 20 is set as an SS304 stainless steel outer shell, which has the characteristics of corrosion resistance, heat resistance, good processing performance, and a long service life, thus ensuring the safe storage and transportation of cryogenic liquids and maintaining the light weight and durability of the cryogenic device. The inner tank 22 is set as an SS316L stainless steel inner tank, which has excellent corrosion resistance, high-temperature oxidation resistance, and good welding performance, can be welded by welding methods, and does not require annealing treatment after welding, which provides convenience for manufacturing the inner tank 22. In actual use, the materials of the outer shell and the inner tank can be set arbitrarily according to needs, which will not be elaborated one by one here.

[0073] More specifically, in this embodiment, a cold shield sandwich layer 21 is provided between the outer shell 20 and the inner container 22, that is, a closed high-vacuum cavity is formed between the inner container 22 and the outer shell 20, which further effectively reduces the heat loss caused by liquid helium evaporation, extends the service time of liquid helium, and improves the utilization efficiency of liquid helium. The cold shield sandwich layer 21 is set as a lightweight aluminum cold shield sandwich layer, and the high thermal conductivity of the aluminum cold shield sandwich layer is beneficial to cold transfer, reduces the temperature of the cold shield sandwich layer 21, and reduces the radiative heat loss in the cryogenic device. In actual use, the material of the cold shield sandwich layer can be set arbitrarily according to needs, and will not be elaborated here one by one. The thickness of the third circular straight cylinder is not limited to 1 mm.

[0074] As Figure 2 shown, a neck tube 23 is welded above the inner container 22, and a connecting piece 24 is welded to the upper end of the neck tube 23; the connecting piece 24 passes through the upper end of the cold shield sandwich layer 21.

[0075] Specifically, in this embodiment, the neck tube 23 includes a low-temperature section bellows 230 and a room-temperature section straight tube 231; the low-temperature section bellows 230 and the room-temperature section straight tube 231 are welded together; the low-temperature section bellows 230 is welded to the inner container 22. That is, the lower end of the low-temperature section bellows 230 is welded to the second elliptical upper cover 220 of the inner container 22, and the upper end is welded to the room-temperature section straight tube 231. The low-temperature section bellows 230 can effectively reduce the heat conduction of the neck tube 23, and at the same time the room-temperature section straight tube 231 is convenient for welding with the connecting piece 24 to reduce the evaporation loss of liquid helium. In actual use, any structure of the neck tube that can reduce heat conduction is applicable to the present invention, and will not be elaborated here one by one.

[0076] More specifically, in this embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, the cryogenic device 2 further includes a ring-shaped copper 213, and the ring-shaped copper 213 is fixed on the ring-shaped flat plate 210 through a first connecting member 214; the ring-shaped copper 213 is welded to the connecting piece 24. The first connecting member 214 is set as a bolt, and the ring-shaped copper 213 is fixed on the ring-shaped flat plate 210 through the bolt, and the diameter of the hollow in the middle of the ring-shaped flat plate 210 is equal to the diameter of the hollow in the middle of the ring-shaped copper 213. In actual use, any first connecting member that can fix the ring-shaped copper on the ring-shaped flat plate is applicable to the present invention, and will not be elaborated here one by one. The connecting piece 24 is set as a wear-resistant and low-temperature-resistant stainless steel connecting piece, and the stainless steel connecting piece passes through the hollow area in the middle of the ring-shaped flat plate 210 and also passes through the outer shell 20; the ring-shaped copper 213 is welded to the stainless steel connecting piece to form a sealed structure to provide a stable and reliable cryogenic environment. In actual use, the material of the connecting piece can be set arbitrarily according to needs, and will not be elaborated here one by one.

[0077] As Figure 2 shown, the test insertion rod 25 passes from the upper end of the outer shell 20 downward through the neck tube 23 to the inside of the inner container 22.

[0078] More specifically, in this embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, the test plug rod 25 includes a room temperature flange 250, a fiberglass rod 251, a base 252, and a radiation shielding component 253. The room temperature flange 250 is on the first elliptical upper cover 200 of the outer shell 20. The room temperature flange 250 includes electrical connectors, coaxial cable connectors, and optical fiber connectors; for electrical connection to achieve signal transmission; in actual use, the connectors on the room temperature flange 250 can be set arbitrarily according to needs, which will not be elaborated here one by one. The fiberglass rod 251 is a hollow cylinder; for the routing of cables and optical fibers, and a thermometer can also be arranged; and the fiberglass rod 251 passes from the upper end of the outer shell 20 downward through the neck tube 23 to the inside of the inner tank 22; in actual use, the shape of the fiberglass rod can be set arbitrarily according to needs, which will not be elaborated here one by one. The radiation shielding component 253 includes a radiation baffle 253a and foam 253b, and the radiation baffle 253a is arranged above the foam 253b; and the radiation baffle 253a and the foam 253b are adhesively bonded around the outer sidewall of the fiberglass rod 251 through a second connecting component and are located within the neck tube 23. That is, the positions of the radiation baffle 253a and the foam 253b are just at the position where the neck tube 23 is located; in actual use, the positions of the radiation baffle and the foam can be set arbitrarily according to needs, which will not be elaborated here one by one. By setting the radiation shielding component 23, the heat leakage rate of the cryogenic device 2 can be effectively reduced, and the stability and sustainability of the device can be improved. The room temperature flange 250 and the upper end of the fiberglass rod 251 are fixedly connected through a second connecting component. The lower end of the fiberglass rod 251 and the base 252 are also fixedly connected through a second connecting component, and the base 252 is within the inner tank 22 for installing and supporting single-photon devices. Among them, the second connecting component is set as a low-temperature glue that can achieve rapid curing in a low-temperature environment; in actual use, the fixing methods between the room temperature flange and the fiberglass rod and between the fiberglass rod and the base can be set arbitrarily according to needs, not limited to this embodiment.

[0079] As another implementation of the present utility model, the cryogenic device 2 further includes a pipeline 26 for liquid helium injection. First through holes are provided on the first elliptical upper cover 200, the annular flat plate 210, and the second elliptical upper cover 220. The pipeline 26 sequentially passes through the first through holes on the first elliptical upper cover 200, the first through holes on the annular flat plate 210, and the first through holes on the second elliptical upper cover 220, and the pipeline 26 is welded to the second elliptical upper cover 220 through the first through holes on the second elliptical cover 220. The pipeline 26 is set as a slender straight pipe for liquid helium injection and evaporation exhaust; since the slender straight pipe passes through the cold shield sandwich 21 and is welded to the inner container 22, the slender straight pipe includes a high-temperature end interface section and a main body part in the sandwich vacuum, realizing the integrated integration of the electrical device and the cryogenic device, and improving the use convenience and reliability of the cryogenic device 2. Moreover, the cryogenic device 2 further includes a vacuum pumping component 27; a second through hole is further provided on the first elliptical upper cover 200, and the vacuum pumping component 27 is welded to the first elliptical upper cover 200 through the second through hole and communicates with the cold shield sandwich 21. By providing the pipeline 26 for liquid helium injection and evaporation exhaust and the vacuum pumping component 27, the use and maintenance of the cryogenic device 2 are more convenient. At the same time, the entire cryogenic device 2 has a compact structure and a small volume, and can be conveniently integrated into various cryogenic test platforms.

[0080] More specifically, in this embodiment, the cryogenic device 2 further includes a support assembly 28. The support assembly 28 includes a vertical rod 280 and a cross structure 281. The vertical rod 280 is fixed to the second elliptical base 222 of the inner container 22 by bolts, and the cross structure 261 is fixed to the vertical rod 280 by bolts, further preventing the weight of the inner container 22 from stretching the low-temperature section bellows 230 downward and into the inner container 22, playing a protective role for the low-temperature section bellows 230. In actual use, any structure that can support the inner container is applicable to the support assembly of the present utility model, and is not limited to this embodiment.

[0081] In summary, the present utility model provides a cryogenic device, comprising: an outer shell, a cold shield interlayer, an inner container, a neck tube, a connecting piece and a test plug rod; the cold shield interlayer is arranged between the outer shell and the inner container; a neck tube is welded above the inner container, and a connecting piece is welded to the upper end of the neck tube; the connecting piece passes through the upper end of the cold shield interlayer; the test plug rod passes downward from the upper end of the outer shell through the neck tube into the interior of the inner container. By arranging the cold shield interlayer between the inner container and the outer shell, the present utility model effectively reduces the heat loss caused by liquid helium evaporation; moreover, the inner container and the outer shell are made of different stainless steel materials and designed with thickness according to the pressure vessel standard, so that the cryogenic device can withstand a certain internal and external pressure difference, being safe and reliable. At the same time, the neck tube is welded and connected by a corrugated tube in the low-temperature section and a straight tube in the room-temperature section to effectively reduce the heat conduction of the neck tube. A radiation shield is also arranged on the test plug rod to effectively reduce the heat leakage rate of the cryogenic device and improve the stability and sustainability of the whole device. Therefore, the present utility model effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

[0082] The above embodiments are only illustrative of the principles and effects of the present utility model, and are not used to limit the present utility model. Any person familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical idea disclosed by the present utility model should still be covered by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A cryogenic device, characterized in that: The low temperature device comprises: an outer shell, a cold shield interlayer, an inner liner, a neck tube, a connector and a test rod; The cold shield interlayer is arranged between the outer shell and the inner liner; The neck tube is welded above the inner liner, and the connecting piece is welded at the upper end of the neck tube; the connecting piece passes through the upper end of the cold shield interlayer; the test rod passes through the neck tube from the upper end of the outer shell downward to the inside of the inner liner.

2. The cryogenic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing comprises a first elliptical upper cover, a first round straight cylinder and a first elliptical base; the first elliptical upper cover is welded to the upper end of the first round straight cylinder; the first elliptical base is welded to the lower end of the first round straight cylinder; The inner container comprises a second elliptical upper cover, a second round straight cylinder and a second elliptical base; the second elliptical upper cover is welded to the upper end of the second round straight cylinder; the second elliptical base is welded to the lower end of the second round straight cylinder; The cold shield interlayer comprises an annular flat plate, a third round straight cylinder and a circular flat plate; the annular flat plate is welded to the upper end of the third round straight cylinder; and the circular flat plate is welded to the lower end of the third round straight cylinder.

3. The cryogenic device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The low temperature device also includes an annular copper, which is fixed on the annular flat plate through a first connecting component; the annular copper is connected to the connecting component by welding.

4. The cryogenic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test rod includes a room temperature flange, a fiberglass rod, a base and a radiation shielding component; the fiberglass rod is a hollow cylinder; the radiation shielding component is bonded to the outer wall of the fiberglass rod through a second connecting component and is located in the neck tube; the room temperature flange is fixedly connected to the upper end of the fiberglass rod through the second connecting component; the lower end of the fiberglass rod and the base are also fixedly connected through the second connecting component.

5. The cryogenic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The neck tube comprises a low-temperature section bellows and a room-temperature section straight tube; the low-temperature section bellows and the room-temperature section straight tube are welded and connected; the low-temperature section bellows and the inner liner are welded.

6. The cryogenic device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cryogenic device also includes a pipeline for liquid helium injection; the first elliptical upper cover, the annular flat plate and the second elliptical upper cover are all provided with a first through hole, the pipeline passes through the first through hole on the first elliptical upper cover, the first through hole on the annular flat plate and the first through hole on the second elliptical upper cover in sequence, and the pipeline is welded to the second elliptical upper cover through the first through hole of the second elliptical upper cover.

7. The cryogenic device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The low temperature device further comprises a vacuum pumping component; the first elliptical upper cover is further provided with a second through hole, and the vacuum pumping component is welded to the first elliptical upper cover through the second through hole.

8. The cryogenic device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The cold screen interlayer is configured as an aluminum cold screen interlayer.

9. The cryogenic device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The outer shell is configured as a stainless steel outer shell; and the inner liner is configured as a stainless steel inner liner.

10. The cryogenic device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The connecting piece is configured as a stainless steel connecting piece.

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