Battery pack

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery pack which comprises a shell and a module assembly, wherein the module assembly is arranged in the shell, and an exhaust channel and a high-pressure arrangement space which are separated from each other are formed between the module assembly and the shell; the module assembly comprises at least one battery module, each battery module comprises a plurality of battery cells which are sequentially arranged along a preset direction, each battery cell is provided with a battery cell explosion-proof valve, the shell is provided with a battery pack explosion-proof valve, and the exhaust channel is respectively communicated with the battery cell explosion-proof valve and the battery pack explosion-proof valve. According to the battery pack provided by the invention, the exhaust channel is separated from the high-voltage arrangement space, so that rapid exhaust during thermal runaway of the battery cells is facilitated, the situation that thermal runaway is aggravated due to reactions such as high-voltage arc discharge between excrement of the battery cells and electrical parts can be avoided, and the safety and reliability of the battery pack are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of batteries, and particularly to a battery pack. Background Art

[0002] Currently, new energy vehicles have attracted increasing social attention. Incidents such as spontaneous combustion and collision combustion of electric vehicles have drawn people's attention, and the market has also put forward more stringent requirements for the thermal management and thermal protection of battery packs. When traditional battery packs are in thermal runaway, the design of the pressure relief and exhaust channels of the battery cells is not directional, which may cause some exhaust gas to enter the high-voltage layout space of the battery, easily leading to high-voltage arcing and secondary thermal runaway. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a battery pack, which to a certain extent solves the technical problem in the prior art that when a traditional battery pack is in thermal runaway, it will relieve pressure and exhaust gas into the high-voltage layout space of the battery, easily leading to high-voltage arcing and secondary thermal runaway.

[0004] This application provides a battery pack, including: a housing and a module assembly; wherein, the module assembly is arranged inside the housing, and an exhaust channel and a high-voltage layout space are formed and separated between the module assembly and the housing; the module assembly includes at least one battery module, and the battery module includes a plurality of battery cells arranged in sequence along a preset direction, the battery cells are provided with battery cell explosion-proof valves, the housing is provided with a battery pack explosion-proof valve, and the exhaust channel is respectively connected to the battery cell explosion-proof valves and the battery pack explosion-proof valve.

[0005] In the above technical solution, further, along a direction perpendicular to the preset direction, an exhaust channel is formed between at least one side of the module assembly and the side wall of the housing, and the battery cell explosion-proof valve is arranged on the side of the battery cell close to the exhaust channel.

[0006] In any of the above technical solutions, further, along the preset direction, a high-voltage layout space is formed between one end of the module assembly and the side wall of the housing.

[0007] In any of the above technical solutions, further, along a direction perpendicular to the preset direction, exhaust channels are formed between both sides of the module assembly and both side walls of the housing.

[0008] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the housing includes a main body and a first support beam and a second support beam arranged inside the main body; wherein, the main body includes a first side wall and a second side wall connected to each other, the battery pack explosion-proof valve is installed on the first side wall, and an exhaust channel is formed between the module assembly and the second side wall;

[0009] An exhaust space is formed between the first support beam and the first side wall. The second support beam is disposed in the exhaust space and divides the exhaust space into a normal exhaust space and the high-pressure layout space. The normal exhaust space is respectively communicated with the battery pack explosion-proof valve and the exhaust passage.

[0010] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the battery pack further includes a high-pressure area explosion-proof valve, and the high-pressure area explosion-proof valve is disposed on the first side wall and communicated with the high-pressure layout space.

[0011] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the high-pressure area explosion-proof valve is a two-way explosion-proof valve.

[0012] In any of the above technical solutions, further, when the number of the battery modules is multiple, the multiple battery modules are arranged in sequence along the preset direction, and an intermediate cross beam is disposed between any two adjacent battery modules.

[0013] The intermediate cross beam is connected to the second side wall, and the intermediate cross beam is formed with an exhaust through hole communicated with the exhaust passage.

[0014] In any of the above technical solutions, further, a foam is disposed between the module assembly and the first support beam.

[0015] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the battery cell is in a cuboid shape, and a pole column is disposed on the long and narrow surface side formed by the long side and the wide side of the battery cell, and the battery cell explosion-proof valve is disposed on the short and narrow surface side formed by the wide side and the high side of the battery cell.

[0016] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the housing includes a matching shell and a cover. Wherein, a part of the exhaust passage is formed in the shell, and another part of it is formed in the cover. A part of the high-pressure layout space is formed in the shell, and another part of it is formed in the cover. Or the exhaust passage is entirely formed in the shell, and the high-pressure layout space is entirely formed in the shell. The battery module and the cover are connected by an adhesive method.

[0017] In any of the above technical solutions, further, the battery pack further includes a liquid cooling plate, and the liquid cooling plate is fixed to the bottom of the housing and located below the battery module. The battery module and the liquid cooling plate are connected by an adhesive method.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0019] In the battery pack provided by the present application, separating the exhaust passage from the high-voltage layout space is beneficial for rapid exhaust during thermal runaway of the battery cells, and can avoid reactions such as high-voltage arcing between the excrement of the battery cells and electrical components, thus preventing the exacerbation of thermal runaway, and improving the safety and reliability of the battery pack. In addition, the pole posts are arranged on the long and narrow sides of the battery cells, providing more space. In scenarios where high requirements for high voltage and overcurrent are needed, and the number of battery cell strings is large, resulting in a large number of acquisition lines, it can meet the design requirements for large sizes such as busbars and flexible circuit boards. Compared with the traditional blade battery cell structure, the placement position of the pole posts of the present battery cells is beneficial to improving the space utilization rate of the entire pack. Description of the Drawings

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 It is an exploded view of the battery pack provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 It is an assembly diagram of the battery pack provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the battery pack after opening the cover provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 For Figure 3 a partial enlarged structural diagram;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the battery cell provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Reference Numerals:

[0027] 1 - Outer shell, 11 - Housing, 111 - Main housing, 1111 - First side beam, 1112 - Second side beam, 112 - First support beam, 113 - Second support beam, 114 - Intermediate cross beam, 12 - Cover, 2 - Module assembly, 21 - Battery module, 211 - Battery cell, 2111 - Long and narrow side, 212 - Battery cell explosion-proof valve, 213 - Pole post, 3 - Exhaust passage, 4 - Exhaust space, 5 - High-voltage layout space, 6 - Battery pack explosion-proof valve, 7 - High-voltage area explosion-proof valve, 8 - Liquid cooling plate, 9 - Adhesive layer, 10 - Foam. Detailed Embodiments

[0028] The technical solution of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, rather than all embodiments.

[0029] Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application claimed, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application.

[0030] All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific situations.

[0033] Next, refer to Figures 1 to 5 Describe a battery pack according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0034] See Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the embodiments of the present application provide a battery pack, including: a module assembly 2 and a housing 1; wherein, the housing 1 includes a housing body 11 and a cover 12, and preferably, this cover 12 is a cover plate structure; the module assembly 2 is installed in the housing body 11, and the cover 12 covers the opening of the housing body 11; an exhaust passage 3 and a high-voltage layout space 5 are formed and separated between the battery module 21 and the housing body 11; and it is connected to the exhaust passage 3, and this will also be taken as an example for description later, of course, not limited to this;

[0035] The module assembly 2 includes at least one battery module 21, and the battery module 21 includes a plurality of battery cells 211 arranged in sequence along a preset direction. The battery cells 211 are provided with battery cell explosion-proof valves 212, the housing 11 is provided with a battery pack explosion-proof valve 6, and the exhaust passage 3 is respectively communicated with the battery cell explosion-proof valve 212 and the battery pack explosion-proof valve 6.

[0036] Based on the above-described structure, separating the exhaust passage 3 from the high-voltage arrangement space 5 is beneficial to the rapid exhaust during the thermal runaway of the battery cells 211, and can avoid the occurrence of reactions such as high-voltage arcing between the excreta of the battery cells 211 and electrical components, which may exacerbate the thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the battery pack.

[0037] It should be noted that: in this embodiment, the entire exhaust passage 3 is formed in the housing 11, and the entire high-voltage arrangement space 5 is formed in the housing 11. The cover plate only serves to seal the openings of the aforementioned exhaust passage 3 and high-voltage arrangement space 5. Of course, it is not limited to this. When the cover plate 12 also has an inwardly concave housing structure, a part of the exhaust passage 3 can be formed in the housing 11 and another part can be formed in the cover plate 12, and a part of the high-voltage arrangement space 5 can be formed in the housing 11 and another part can be formed in the cover plate 12. After the housing 11 and the cover plate 12 are butted, a complete exhaust passage 3 and high-voltage arrangement space 5 are formed.

[0038] In this embodiment, preferably, as Figure 3 shown, along the direction perpendicular to the preset direction, an exhaust passage 3 is formed between at least one side of the module assembly 2 and the side wall of the housing 11, and the battery cell explosion-proof valve 212 is arranged on the side of the battery cell 211 close to the exhaust passage 3.

[0039] According to the above-described structure, by arranging the exhaust passage 3 along the preset direction, that is, the arrangement direction of the battery cells 211, the exhaust passage 3 can be communicated with the battery cell explosion-proof valves 212 on the side of each battery cell 211. No matter which battery cell 211 has a thermal runaway, smooth exhaust can be achieved, improving the safety and reliability of the battery pack.

[0040] Furthermore, preferably, as Figure 3 shown, along the direction perpendicular to the preset direction, exhaust passages 3 are formed between both sides of the module assembly 2 and the two side walls of the housing 11, increasing the exhaust space 4 and improving the exhaust rate during thermal runaway.

[0041] Furthermore, preferably, the preset direction, the arrangement direction of the battery cells 211, and the width direction of the battery cells 211 are the same.

[0042] In this embodiment, preferably, as Figure 3 shown, along the preset direction, a high-voltage arrangement space 5 is formed between one end of the module assembly 2 and the side wall of the housing 11.

[0043] According to the structure described above, a high-voltage layout space 5 is provided at one end of the module assembly 2, which is partitioned from the module assembly 2 and can be maintained separately. Moreover, the high-voltage layout space 5 is staggered from the exhaust passage 3 and is kept separated from each other, which is safer and more reliable.

[0044] In this embodiment, preferably, as Figure 3 shown, the housing 11 includes a main housing 111, a first support beam 112 and a second support beam 113; wherein, the main housing 111 has a hollow interior and an open top, and both the first support beam 112 and the second support beam 113 are disposed within the main housing 111; the main housing 111 includes a first side beam 1111 and a second side beam 1112 connected to each other, the first side beam 1111 forms the first side wall of the main housing 111, and the second side beam 1112 forms the second side wall of the main housing 111;

[0045] The battery pack explosion-proof valve 6 is installed on the first side beam 1111, and an exhaust passage 3 is formed between the module assembly 2 and the second side beam 1112;

[0046] An exhaust space 4 is formed between the first support beam 112 and the first side beam 1111, the second support beam 113 is disposed in the exhaust space 4, and the exhaust space 4 is partitioned into a common exhaust space 4 and a high-voltage layout space 5; the common exhaust space 4 is respectively communicated with the battery pack explosion-proof valve 6 and the exhaust passage 3, that is to say, the first support beam 112 is provided with a through hole, and the common exhaust space 4 and the exhaust passage 3 are communicated through this through hole. The first side beam 1111 is also provided with an exhaust cavity corresponding to the battery pack explosion-proof valve 6 and a through hole for exhausting gas.

[0047] According to the structure described above, by using the side beam and the support beam, and in cooperation with the module assembly 2, the exhaust passage 3 and the high-voltage layout space 5 are partitioned, the structural layout is more reasonable, and the aforementioned support beam can also play a role in limiting the module assembly 2 and increasing the strength of the battery pack, further improving the safety and reliability of the battery pack.

[0048] Furthermore, preferably, the number of both the first side beam 1111 and the second side beam 1112 is two, and they enclose a square frame. Only one of the first side beams 1111 is provided with the battery pack explosion-proof valve 6, and two exhaust passages 3 are respectively formed between the two second side beams 1112 and the side portions of the module assembly 2, that is, a total of two exhaust passages 3 are formed. Of course, it is not limited thereto. Along the direction perpendicular to the preset direction, an exhaust passage 3 can also be provided only on one side of the module assembly 2, that is, only one exhaust passage 3 is formed between one of the second side beams 1112 and the module assembly 2, which is specifically designed according to actual needs.

[0049] Further, preferably, the main housing 111 further includes a bottom plate, and the bottom plate is connected to the first side beam 1111 and the second side beam 1112 to form an integral body, thereby improving both the strength and the stiffness.

[0050] It should be noted that: when a part of the exhaust passage 3 is formed in the housing 11 and another part thereof is formed in the cover 12, and a part of the high-pressure layout space 5 is formed in the housing 11 and another part thereof is formed in the cover 12, the structure of the cover 12 is the same as that of the housing 11, and both include the aforementioned first side beam 1111, second side beam 1112, first support beam 112 and second support beam 113. After the housing 11 and the cover 12 are butted, a complete exhaust passage 3 and high-pressure layout space 5 are formed.

[0051] In this embodiment, preferably, as Figure 3 shown, the battery pack further includes a high-pressure area explosion-proof valve 7, and the high-pressure area explosion-proof valve 7 is disposed on the first side beam 1111 and is in communication with the high-pressure layout space 5. That is to say, the first side beam 1111 is further provided with an exhaust cavity and a through hole corresponding to the high-pressure area explosion-proof valve 7 for exhausting gas.

[0052] According to the structure described above, by providing the high-pressure area explosion-proof valve 7 for the high-pressure layout space 5, the high-temperature gas generated in this area or the high-temperature gas entering this area from other areas can be quickly discharged, further avoiding the occurrence of thermal runaway.

[0053] In this embodiment, preferably, the high-pressure area explosion-proof valve 7 is a two-way explosion-proof valve.

[0054] According to the structure described above, the use of the two-way explosion-proof valve can ensure the air pressure balance between the high-pressure layout space 5 and the outside world, avoiding the existence of pressure difference and damaging the electrical components.

[0055] Of course, the type of the high-pressure area explosion-proof valve 7 is not limited to this, and it can also be designed according to actual needs.

[0056] In this embodiment, preferably, as Figure 4 shown, a foam 10 is provided between the module assembly 2 and the first support beam 112.

[0057] According to the structure described above, the foam 10 serves to protect the module assembly 2.

[0058] In this embodiment, preferably, as Figure 3 shown, when the number of battery modules 21 is multiple, the multiple battery modules 21 are arranged in sequence along a preset direction, and an intermediate cross beam 114 is provided between any two adjacent battery modules 21;

[0059] The middle crossbeam 114 is connected to the second side beam 1112, and the middle crossbeam 114 is formed with exhaust through holes communicating with the exhaust passage 3.

[0060] According to the structure described above, the middle crossbeam 114 serves to support the adjacent battery modules 21 and can separate the adjacent battery modules 21, which is safer and more reliable. Moreover, the middle crossbeam 114 is also connected to the second side beam 1112, enhancing the overall strength and stiffness, making the battery pack not easily deformed or damaged, etc.

[0061] In this embodiment, preferably, as Figure 1 shown, the battery pack provided by the present application further includes a liquid cooling plate 8, and the liquid cooling plate 8 is integrated on the bottom plate of the main housing 111 by welding or riveting, serving to cool the battery modules 21.

[0062] Furthermore, preferably, the battery module 21 is connected to the liquid cooling plate 8 by gluing, and this glue is a thermally conductive structural adhesive.

[0063] In this embodiment, preferably, the battery module 21 is connected to the cover 12 by gluing, and this glue is a thermally conductive structural adhesive, Figure 1 showing the glue layer 9.

[0064] In this embodiment, preferably, as Figure 5 shown, the battery cell 211 is in a cuboid shape, and a pole 213 is provided on the long and narrow surface side 2111 formed by the long side and the wide side of the battery cell 211.

[0065] According to the structure described above, the pole 213 is arranged on the long and narrow surface of the battery cell 211, with more space. In some scenarios with high requirements for high voltage and overcurrent and a large number of battery cell 211 strings, resulting in a large number of acquisition lines, it can meet the design requirements for large sizes such as busbars and flexible circuit boards. Compared with the traditional blade battery cell 211 structure, the placement position of the pole 213 of the present battery cell 211 is beneficial to improving the space utilization rate of the whole package.

[0066] In this embodiment, preferably, as Figure 5 shown, a battery cell explosion-proof valve 212 is provided on the short and narrow surface side formed by the wide side and the high side of the battery cell 211.

[0067] According to the structure described above, the explosion-proof valve 212 of the battery cell is arranged on the short and narrow side of the battery cell 211, that is, the explosion-proof valve 212 of the battery cell and the pole column 213 are respectively arranged in different parts of the battery cell 211. When thermal runaway occurs, the high-temperature gas ejected by the explosion-proof valve 212 of the battery cell will not affect the pole column 213, which is safer and more reliable. In addition, by arranging the explosion-proof valve 212 of the battery cell on the short and narrow side of the battery cell 211, when multiple battery cells 211 are arranged in sequence along the preset direction, that is, the width direction of the battery cell 211, the explosion-proof valve 212 of the battery cell is exactly located at the exhaust passage 3 on the side of the module assembly 2. Then, the high-temperature gas can be directly discharged into the exhaust passage 3, effectively suppressing the occurrence of thermal runaway. In addition, in the width direction of the battery pack, the gap between the side of the battery cell 211 and the side beam is large, that is, the exhaust passage 3 is formed, which is beneficial to passing the side pole collision test.

[0068] Further, preferably, explosion-proof valves 212 of the battery cell are arranged on both short and narrow sides of the battery cell 211, that is, explosion-proof valves 212 are arranged on both sides along the length direction of the battery cell 211. Of course, it is not limited to this, and explosion-proof valves 212 can also be arranged only on one short and narrow side of the battery cell 211, which is designed according to actual needs.

[0069] In this embodiment, preferably, as Figure 5 shown, the number of pole columns 213 is two, and both two pole columns 213 are arranged on the long and narrow side 2111 at the top of the battery cell 211.

[0070] According to the structure described above, by arranging the two pole columns 213, that is, the positive pole column 213 and the negative pole column 213, on the long and narrow side 2111 at the top of the battery cell 211 at the same time, it is convenient to arrange the bus bar, and structures such as the bus bar are located on the cover plate side, which is convenient for later maintenance.

[0071] It should be noted that: the positive pole column 213 and the negative pole column 213 are not limited to being arranged on the long and narrow side 2111 at the top of the battery cell 211 at the same time, and can also be arranged separately, that is, one of the pole columns 213 is arranged on the long and narrow side 2111 at the top of the battery cell 211, and one of the pole columns 213 is arranged on the long and narrow side 2111 at the bottom of the battery cell 211, which is designed according to actual needs.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that: include: A housing and a module assembly; wherein the module assembly is disposed in the housing, and a separated exhaust passage and a high-pressure arrangement space are formed between the module assembly and the housing; The module assembly includes at least one battery module, and the battery module includes a plurality of battery cells arranged sequentially along a preset direction, the battery cell is provided with a battery cell explosion-proof valve, the casing is provided with a battery pack explosion-proof valve, and the exhaust channel is respectively communicated with the battery cell explosion-proof valve and the battery pack explosion-proof valve.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust channel is formed between at least one side of the module assembly and the side wall of the shell along a direction perpendicular to the preset direction, and the battery cell explosion-proof valve is arranged on the side of the battery cell close to the exhaust channel.

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that: Along the preset direction, the high-voltage arrangement space is formed between one end of the module assembly and the side wall of the shell.

4. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that: Along a direction perpendicular to the preset direction, the exhaust passages are formed between two sides of the module assembly and two side walls of the shell.

5. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing includes a main body and a first support beam and a second support beam disposed in the main body; wherein the main body includes a first side wall and a second side wall connected to each other, the battery pack explosion-proof valve is installed on the first side wall, and the exhaust channel is formed between the module assembly and the second side wall; An exhaust space is formed between the first support beam and the first side wall. The second support beam is arranged in the exhaust space and divides the exhaust space into a common exhaust space and the high-pressure arrangement space. The common exhaust space is respectively connected to the battery pack explosion-proof valve and the exhaust channel.

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that: The battery pack further includes a high-pressure area explosion-proof valve, and the high-pressure area explosion-proof valve is disposed on the first side wall and communicated with the high-pressure arrangement space.

7. The battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that: The high-pressure area explosion-proof valve is a two-way explosion-proof valve.

8. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that: When there are multiple battery modules, the multiple battery modules are arranged in sequence along the preset direction, and an intermediate crossbeam is provided between any two adjacent battery modules; The middle cross beam is connected to the second side wall, and the middle cross beam is formed with an exhaust through hole connected to the exhaust channel; and / or Foam is arranged between the module assembly and the first support beam.

9. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery cell is in a rectangular shape, and a pole is arranged on a long narrow side formed by a long side and a wide side of the battery cell, and an explosion-proof valve of the battery cell is arranged on a short narrow side formed by a wide side and a high side of the battery cell.

10. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The housing includes a matching shell and a cover; wherein a portion of the exhaust passage is formed in the shell, and another portion thereof is formed in the cover, and a portion of the high-pressure arrangement space is formed in the shell, and another portion thereof is formed in the cover; or the exhaust passage is entirely formed in the shell, and the high-pressure arrangement space is entirely formed in the shell; the battery module is connected to the cover by gluing; and / or The battery pack further includes a liquid cooling plate, and the liquid cooling plate is fixed to the bottom of the shell and is located below the battery module, and the battery module is connected to the liquid cooling plate by gluing.

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