ISE and RS integrated online fertilizer preparation device

Abstract

The utility model relates to an on-line fertilizer preparation device integrating ISE and RS. The ISE and RS integrated online fertilizer preparation device comprises a controller, a nutrient solution tank, a nutrient solution pipeline, a water and fertilizer mixing pipeline, a main pipeline, a fertilizer mixing tank, a Raman spectrometer, a shielding chamber and a mother liquor pipeline, the end, close to the water inlet, of the main pipeline is communicated with a water-fertilizer mixing pipeline, the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline is communicated with a nutrient solution tank through a nutrient solution pipeline, the other end of the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline is a fertilizer injection port, the fertilizer injection port is located in the fertilizer mixing tank, and the outer side of the fertilizer mixing tank is provided with a Raman spectrometer through a shielding chamber; the bottom of the fertilizer mixing tank is communicated with one end, close to the fertilizer outlet, of the main pipeline through a mother liquor pipeline. Water-fertilizer mixed liquid with any concentration can be prepared by regulating and controlling the mixing proportion of water and the mother liquid so as to meet the actual growth requirements of different crops, and meanwhile it is ensured that the concentration of the water-fertilizer mixed liquid is always kept stable by regulating and controlling the dosage of the mother liquid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of automatic water and fertilizer mixing, and particularly relates to an online fertilizer mixing device integrating ISE and RS. Background Art

[0002] Precise water and fertilizer management is the key to promoting the transformation and development of modern agriculture towards precision and intelligence. At present, in most parts of China, traditional and extensive agricultural irrigation methods such as flood irrigation are still adopted, which not only causes a large amount of waste of water resources, but also is not conducive to the development of green, efficient and sustainable modern agriculture. In addition, most farmers in China lack corresponding scientific knowledge and can only blindly and excessively fertilize based on their own experience and thinking inertia. The excessive use of chemical fertilizers not only causes phenomena such as soil compaction and land salinization, but also the excessive chemical fertilizers will pollute water resources through the water cycle, causing eutrophication of water bodies. Therefore, researching an efficient water-saving and fertilizer-saving precise water and fertilizer management technology is of great significance for the development of modern agriculture.

[0003] The water and fertilizer integration technology combines irrigation and fertilization, and is a key technology for the development of modern intelligent and precise agriculture. The water and fertilizer integrated machine developed based on this technology can accurately control the supply of water and nutrients according to soil characteristics and crop growth needs, and has a significant effect in reducing water and fertilizer consumption, improving crop yield and quality, and improving environmental pollution, so it is widely used in agricultural irrigation and fertilization and other fields. However, there are still some deficiencies in the actual application of the water and fertilizer integrated machines on the market. For example, the EC / pH method adopted by most water and fertilizer integrated machines cannot realize the on-line detection of the content of each nutrient component in the mixed fertilizer solution, so only single-component fertilizer solution can be configured, which is difficult to meet the actual growth needs of crops.

[0004] Although the ion selective electrode method (ISE) can realize the on-line detection of a specific ion in the mixed fertilizer solution, due to the imperfect variety of ion membranes, this method is currently unable to detect elements such as phosphorus; at the same time, due to the specific selectivity of this method, different electrodes are required for different types of ions, and the economic efficiency is low; in addition, this method has problems such as cross-sensitivity. When configuring a mixed fertilizer solution containing interfering ions with each other, the mixing ratio accuracy is poor. Raman spectroscopy (RS) is a new on-line detection technology for the information of fertilizer solution components, with the advantages of non-contact detection and high detection accuracy, and can realize the on-line detection of the concentration information of ions or molecules containing covalent chemical bonds (such as phosphate ions) in the mixed fertilizer solution, but this method cannot detect metal ions without covalent bonds such as potassium ions.

[0005] To solve or partially solve the above problems, based on the method of fusing ion selective electrode and Raman spectroscopy to detect the concentration of fertilizer solution, the present utility model designs an on-line automatic water and fertilizer mixing device to realize the on-line and precise configuration of mixed fertilizer solution with any nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio. Content of the Utility Model

[0006] To solve or partially solve the problems existing in the related technologies, the present application provides an online fertilizer mixing device integrating ISE and RS, which can configure a water-fertilizer mixture with any concentration by regulating the mixing ratio of water and mother liquor to meet the actual growth needs of different crops, and at the same time ensure the stability of the concentration of the water-fertilizer mixture by regulating the dosage of the mother liquor.

[0007] The present application provides an online fertilizer mixing device integrating ISE and RS, including a control device 1, a nutrient solution tank 2, a nutrient solution pipeline 3, a water-fertilizer mixing pipeline 4, a main pipeline 5, a fertilizer mixing tank 6, a Raman spectrometer 7, a shielding room 9, and a mother liquor pipeline 10; one end of the main pipeline 5 near the water inlet 501 is connected to the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline 4, the nutrient solution tank 2 is connected to the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline 4 through the nutrient solution pipeline 3, the other end of the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline 4 is a fertilizer injection port 403, and the fertilizer injection port 403 is located inside the fertilizer mixing tank 6. A Raman spectrometer 7 is installed outside the fertilizer mixing tank 6 through the shielding room 9, and the bottom of the fertilizer mixing tank 6 is connected to one end of the main pipeline 5 near the fertilizer outlet 507 through the mother liquor pipeline 10.

[0008] A water pump 502, a second solenoid valve 503, a second flowmeter 504, a third flowmeter 505, and a static fertilizer mixer 506 are sequentially installed on the main pipeline 5. The mother liquor pipeline 10 and the main pipeline 5 are connected through a mother liquor injection inlet 1003. The water pump 502 is located between the water inlet 501 and the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline 4. The second solenoid valve 503 and the second flowmeter 504 are located between the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline 4 and the mother liquor injection inlet 1003. The third flowmeter 505 and the static fertilizer mixer 506 are located between the mother liquor injection inlet 1003 and the fertilizer outlet 507. A first solenoid valve 401 and a first flowmeter 402 are installed between the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline 4, the main pipeline 5, and the nutrient solution pipeline 3. A fertilizer suction pump 301 is installed on the nutrient solution pipeline 3 and is connected to the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline 4 through a nutrient solution injection inlet 302. A potassium ion selective electrode 601 and an electric stirrer 602 are installed inside the fertilizer mixing tank 6. A fertilizer liquid pump 1001 and a third solenoid valve 1002 are installed on the mother liquor pipeline 10.

[0009] The control device 1 is electrically connected to the water pump 502, the second solenoid valve 503, the second flowmeter 504, the third flowmeter 505, the first solenoid valve 401, the first flowmeter 402, the fertilizer suction pump 301, the potassium ion selective electrode 601, the electric stirrer 602, the Raman spectrometer 7, the fertilizer liquid pump 1001, and the third solenoid valve 1002 respectively.

[0010] Optionally, in some solutions, the outside of the control device 1 is a touch display screen 101, and an STC51 single-chip microcomputer 102 and an audible and visual alarm 105 are arranged inside the control device 1.

[0011] Optionally, in some solutions, a nutrient solution tank liquid level sensor 201 is provided outside the nutrient solution tank 2. There are three identical nutrient solution tanks 2, which are respectively used to store high-concentration nutrient solutions of single-component nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The nutrient solution tank liquid level sensor 201 is electrically connected to the control device 1.

[0012] Optionally, in some solutions, a tank top liquid level sensor 603 and a tank bottom liquid level sensor 604 are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends outside the fertilizer mixing tank 6. The tank top liquid level sensor 603 is located below the tank opening of the fertilizer mixing tank 6, and the tank bottom liquid level sensor 604 is located above the probe of the potassium ion selective electrode 601 and the probe of the Raman spectrometer 7. The tank top liquid level sensor 603 and the tank bottom liquid level sensor 604 are respectively electrically connected to the control device 1.

[0013] Optionally, in some solutions, a 24V voltage stabilizing circuit 103 and a 5V voltage stabilizing circuit 104 are provided inside the control device 1. The 24V voltage stabilizing circuit 103 is respectively electrically connected to the touch display screen 101, the nutrient solution tank liquid level sensor 201, the first flowmeter 402, the second flowmeter 504, the third flowmeter 505, the potassium ion selective electrode 601, the tank top liquid level sensor 603, and the tank bottom liquid level sensor 604. The 5V voltage stabilizing circuit 104 is respectively electrically connected to the STC51 single-chip microcomputer 102 and the Raman spectrometer 7.

[0014] Optionally, in some solutions, the Raman spectrometer 7 is installed in the shielding room 9 through a shock-absorbing base 8.

[0015] The technical solutions provided by this application may include the following beneficial effects:

[0016] This application includes two core links: mother liquor preparation and water-fertilizer ratio irrigation. In the mother liquor preparation link, high-concentration mother liquor with any fixed nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ratio can be configured, and the concentration values of relevant ions in the mother liquor are relatively high, reducing the influence of instrument measurement errors on the detection accuracy, and the mother liquor configuration accuracy is higher; in the water-fertilizer ratio irrigation link, water-fertilizer mixed liquor with any concentration can be configured by regulating the mixing ratio of water and mother liquor to meet the actual growth needs of different crops. At the same time, by regulating the dosage of the mother liquor, the concentration of the water-fertilizer mixed liquor is always kept stable.

[0017] Based on the characteristics that the ion selective electrode only responds to specific ions and different types and concentrations of ions (ionic states of elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus) have different Raman shifts and Raman intensities, the present utility model can achieve on-line and accurate detection of the contents of various nutrient components (concentrations of relevant ions) in the mother liquor by integrating these two detection methods. Therefore, it is possible to configure a mixed fertilizer solution containing multiple nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, with higher mixing efficiency and more in line with the actual fertilization situation. In addition, the present utility model can dynamically change the proportion of various nutrient components in the mother liquor according to the real-time growth needs of crops, with stronger adaptability;

[0018] The present utility model can achieve stable fertilization, and the prepared water-fertilizer mixture can be fully mixed between water and the mother liquor through a static mixer. Therefore, there will be no phenomenon of excessive or insufficient local fertilization during the field fertilization process, which is beneficial to the normal growth of crops and has better environmental friendliness.

[0019] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit this application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] By describing the exemplary embodiments of this application in more detail in combination with the drawings, the above and other objects, features, and advantages of this application will become more obvious. Among them, in the exemplary embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals generally represent the same components.

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an on-line fertilization device integrating ISE and RS shown in the embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram of the principle of an on-line fertilization device integrating ISE and RS shown in the embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 3 is a fuzzy control block diagram of the mother liquor preparation link shown in the embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 4 is a fuzzy control block diagram of the water-fertilizer ratio irrigation link shown in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 5 is an automatic mixing and fertilizing operation flow chart of an on-line fertilization device integrating ISE and RS shown in the embodiments of this application.

[0026] REFERENCE MARKS:

[0027] 1. Control device; 101. Touch display screen; 102. STC51 single-chip microcomputer; 103. 24V voltage stabilizing circuit; 104. 5V voltage stabilizing circuit; 105. Acousto-optic alarm; 2. Nutrient solution tank; 201. Nutrient solution tank liquid level sensor; 3. Nutrient solution pipeline; 301. Fertilizer suction pump; 302. Nutrient solution injection inlet; 4. Water and fertilizer mixing pipeline; 401. First solenoid valve; 402. First flowmeter; 403. Fertilizer injection port; 5. Main pipeline; 501. Water inlet; 502. Water suction pump; 503. Second solenoid valve; 504. Second flowmeter; 505. Third flowmeter; 506. Static fertilizer mixer; 507. Fertilizer outlet; 6. Fertilizer mixing tank; 601. Potassium ion selective electrode; 602. Electric stirrer; 603. Tank top liquid level sensor; 604. Tank bottom liquid level sensor; 7. Raman spectrometer; 8. Shock-absorbing base; 9. Shielded room; 10. Mother liquid pipeline; 1001. Fertilizer liquid pump; 1002. Third solenoid valve; 1003. Mother liquid injection inlet. Detailed implementation manners

[0028] The embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present application more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art.

[0029] It should be understood that although the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. may be used in the present application to describe various information, these information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present application, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0030] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present application.

[0031] Unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "installation", "connection", "linkage", "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] In view of the above problems, an online fertilizer mixing device integrating ISE and RS is provided in an embodiment of the present application, which can configure a water-fertilizer mixture with any concentration by regulating the mixing ratio of water and mother liquor to meet the actual growth needs of different crops, and at the same time ensure that the concentration of the water-fertilizer mixture remains stable by regulating the dosage of the mother liquor.

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] See Figure 1 , the online fertilizer mixing device integrating ISE and RS includes a control device 1, a nutrient solution tank 2, a nutrient solution pipeline 3, a water-fertilizer mixing pipeline 4, a main pipeline 5, a fertilizer mixing tank 6, a Raman spectrometer 7, a shielding room 9, and a mother liquor pipeline 10; one end of the main pipeline 5 close to the water inlet 501 is communicated with the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline 4, the nutrient solution tank 2 is communicated with the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline 4 through the nutrient solution pipeline 3, the other end of the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline 4 is a fertilizer injection port 403, and the fertilizer injection port 403 is located inside the fertilizer mixing tank 6. A Raman spectrometer 7 is installed outside the fertilizer mixing tank 6 through the shielding room 9, and the bottom of the fertilizer mixing tank 6 is communicated with one end of the main pipeline 5 close to the fertilizer outlet 507 through the mother liquor pipeline 10.

[0035] A water suction pump 502, a second solenoid valve 503, a second flowmeter 504, a third flowmeter 505, and a static fertilizer mixer 506 are sequentially installed on the main pipeline 5. The mother liquor pipeline 10 and the main pipeline 5 are connected through a mother liquor injection inlet 1003. The water suction pump 502 is located between the water inlet 501 and the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline 4, the second solenoid valve 503 and the second flowmeter 504 are located between the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline 4 and the mother liquor injection inlet 1003, the third flowmeter 505 and the static fertilizer mixer 506 are located between the mother liquor injection inlet 1003 and the fertilizer outlet 507. A first solenoid valve 401 and a first flowmeter 402 are installed between the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline 4, the main pipeline 5 and the nutrient solution pipeline 3. A fertilizer suction pump 301 is installed on the nutrient solution pipeline 3 and is communicated with the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline 4 through a nutrient solution injection inlet 302. A potassium ion selective electrode 601 and an electric stirrer 602 are installed inside the fertilizer mixing tank 6. A fertilizer liquid pump 1001 and a third solenoid valve 1002 are installed on the mother liquor pipeline 10.

[0036] The described control device 1 is electrically connected to a water suction pump 502, a second solenoid valve 503, a second flowmeter 504, a third flowmeter 505, a first solenoid valve 401, a first flowmeter 402, a fertilizer suction pump 301, a potassium ion selective electrode 601, an electric stirrer 602, a Raman spectrometer 7, a fertilizer solution pump 1001, and a third solenoid valve 1002 respectively.

[0037] During operation, the first solenoid valve 401 is used to automatically control the on-off of the water and fertilizer mixing pipeline 4, the first flowmeter 402 is used to detect the cumulative water consumption during the mother liquor preparation process, the water suction pump 502 and three fertilizer suction pumps 301 are respectively used to pump external water sources and corresponding nutrient solutions through the water and fertilizer mixing pipeline 4 into the fertilizer mixing tank 6. The fertilizer mixing tank 6 is used to configure, mix, and store high-concentration water and fertilizer mother liquor, and is internally equipped with a potassium ion selective electrode 601 and an electric stirrer 602, which are respectively used to on-line detect the potassium ion concentration information in the mother liquor and evenly mix the water and fertilizer mother liquor; on the left side outside the fertilizer mixing tank 6, there is a Raman spectrometer 7. The Raman spectrometer 7 does not contact the outer wall of the fertilizer mixing tank and is used to on-line detect the concentration information of nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the mother liquor. There is a shielding room 9 outside it to avoid the influence of interfering light sources on the detection accuracy.

[0038] The second solenoid valve 503 and the third solenoid valve 1002 are respectively used to automatically control the on-off of the main pipeline 5 and the mother liquor pipeline 10. The water suction pump 503 and the fertilizer solution pump 1001 are respectively used to pump external water sources and the mother liquor in the fertilizer mixing tank 6 into the main pipeline 5 to form a water and fertilizer mixture with a certain concentration. The second flowmeter 504 is used to on-line detect the real-time water flow during the water and fertilizer ratio irrigation process, and the third flowmeter 505 is used to on-line detect the real-time and cumulative flow of the water and fertilizer mixture. The control device 1 accurately controls the pulse frequency of the fertilizer solution pump 1001 according to the real-time flow information of water and the water and fertilizer mixture fed back by the second flowmeter 504 and the third flowmeter 505 to achieve accurate water and fertilizer ratio; the static fertilizer mixer 506 is used to fully mix water and the mother liquor, and the prepared water and fertilizer mixture is used to irrigate and fertilize crops through the main pipeline under the suction of the water suction pump 502.

[0039] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 , the outside of the described control device 1 is a touch display screen 101, and inside the control device 1, there is an STC51 single-chip microcomputer 102 and an audible and visual alarm 105.

[0040] During operation, the STC51 single-chip microcomputer 102 is the control core of the entire device, and the audible and visual alarm 105 is used to send alarm signals in case of emergencies.

[0041] In some embodiments, a nutrient solution tank liquid level sensor 201 is provided outside the nutrient solution tank 2. There are three identical nutrient solution tanks 2, which are respectively used to store high-concentration nutrient solutions of single components of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The nutrient solution tank liquid level sensor 201 is electrically connected to the control device 1.

[0042] During operation, considering that the crop growth has a relatively high demand for the three nutrients of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, the device is provided with three nutrient solution tanks 2 respectively used to store high-concentration nutrient solutions of single components of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. A nutrient solution tank liquid level sensor 201 is installed at the same height below the outer wall of each nutrient solution tank 2. The nutrient solution tank liquid level sensor 201 is used for detecting the low liquid level of the nutrient solution to realize non-contact detection of the height of the nutrient solution in the tank. When the liquid level of the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank 2 is lower than the set value, the device automatically stops running to avoid damaging the fertilizer suction pump 301 during empty running without nutrient solution. At the same time, an alarm signal is sent through the sound and light alarm 105 to remind the user to add nutrient solution in time.

[0043] In some embodiments, a tank top liquid level sensor 603 and a tank bottom liquid level sensor 604 are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends outside the fertilizer mixing tank 6. The tank top liquid level sensor 603 is located below the tank mouth of the fertilizer mixing tank 6, and the tank bottom liquid level sensor 604 is located above the probe of the potassium ion selective electrode 601 and the probe of the Raman spectrometer 7. The tank top liquid level sensor 603 and the tank bottom liquid level sensor 604 are respectively electrically connected to the control device 1.

[0044] During operation, the tank top liquid level sensor 603 and the tank bottom liquid level sensor 604 are respectively used to avoid the situation of fertilizer liquid overflow during the fertilizer mixing process and ensure that the potassium ion selective electrode 601 and the Raman spectrometer 7 can always work normally. The STC51 single-chip microcomputer 102 accurately controls the start and stop of the water suction pump 502 and the pulse frequency of each fertilizer suction pump according to the concentration information of each relevant ion in the mother liquid fed back by the potassium ion selective electrode 601 and the Raman spectrometer 7, and finally realizes accurate preparation of the mother liquid.

[0045] In some embodiments, a 24V voltage stabilizing circuit 103 and a 5V voltage stabilizing circuit 104 are provided inside the control device 1. The 24V voltage stabilizing circuit 103 is respectively electrically connected to the touch display screen 101, the nutrient solution tank liquid level sensor 201, the first flowmeter 402, the second flowmeter 504, the third flowmeter 505, the potassium ion selective electrode 601, the tank top liquid level sensor 603, and the tank bottom liquid level sensor 604. The 5V voltage stabilizing circuit 104 is respectively electrically connected to the STC51 single-chip microcomputer 102 and the Raman spectrometer 7.

[0046] During operation, the 24V voltage stabilizing circuit 103 provides the power supply required for the normal operation of the touch display screen 101 and various sensors, and the 5V voltage stabilizing circuit 104 provides the power supply required for the normal operation of the STC51 single-chip microcomputer 102 and the Raman spectrometer 7. The input end of the control box is connected to the 220V AC power supply, and the output end is connected to the power supply ends of the water suction pump 502, each fertilizer suction pump 301, the fertilizer liquid pump 1001, each electromagnetic valve, the electric stirrer 602 and the sound and light alarm 105, as well as the input end of the 24V voltage stabilizing circuit 103. The output end of the 24V voltage stabilizing circuit 103 is connected to the power supply ends of the touch display screen 101, the potassium ion selective electrode 601, each liquid level sensor and each flowmeter, as well as the input end of the 5V voltage stabilizing circuit 104. The output end of the 5V voltage stabilizing circuit 104 is connected to the power supply ends of the STC51 single-chip microcomputer 102 and the Raman spectrometer 7.

[0047] In some embodiments, the Raman spectrometer 7 is installed in the shielding room 9 through the shock-absorbing base 8.

[0048] During operation, the Raman spectrometer 7 is installed on the shock-absorbing base 8 to avoid the influence of external vibration on the detection accuracy.

[0049] The working principle of this application:

[0050] See Figures 3-5 , for the mother liquor preparation link, the control strategy of "fixed water and variable fertilizer" is adopted, that is, the flow rate of the water suction pump 502 is fixed, and the flow rates of the fertilizer suction pumps 301 are dynamically changed, and the control of the flow rates of the fertilizer suction pumps 301 is independent of each other and does not affect each other; the concentrations of the relevant ions in the mother liquor are selected as the controlled variables, and the pulse frequencies of the fertilizer suction pumps 301 are used as the control variables. A two-dimensional fuzzy controller is designed, whose input is the deviation (e1 = r1 - y1) between the set value (r1) and the actual measured value (y1) of the relevant ion concentration in the mother liquor and the change rate (ec1) of the relevant ion deviation, and the output is the pulse frequency (u1) for controlling the fertilizer suction pump 301; by changing the pulse frequency of the fertilizer suction pump 301, the injection amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient solutions are dynamically changed, so as to change the concentrations of the relevant ions in the mother liquor and finally reach the set value.

[0051] For the water and fertilizer ratio irrigation link, the flow rate of the water suction pump 502 is also fixed and the flow rate of the fertilizer liquid pump 1001 is dynamically changed; the real-time concentration of the water and fertilizer mixture is selected as the controlled variable, and the pulse frequency of the fertilizer liquid pump 1001 is used as the control variable; a two-dimensional fuzzy controller is designed, whose input is the deviation (e2 = r2 - y2) between the set value (r2) and the actual measured value (y2) of the water and fertilizer mixture concentration and the change rate (ec2) of the water and fertilizer mixture concentration deviation, and the output is the pulse frequency (u2) for controlling the fertilizer liquid pump; by changing the pulse frequency of the fertilizer liquid pump 1001, the injection amount of the mother liquor is dynamically changed, so as to change the real-time concentration of the water and fertilizer mixture and finally reach the set value.

[0052] Specifically, the fuzzy control rules designed for the above two major links are the same, as shown in Table 1.

[0053] Table 1 Fuzzy Control Rule Table

[0054]

[0055] In Table 1: The linguistic values corresponding to the deviation e of the concentration of each relevant ion in the mother liquor / the concentration of the water-fertilizer mixture are {high, okay, low}, indicating that the current value of the concentration of each relevant ion in the mother liquor / the concentration of the water-fertilizer mixture is high, just right, or low; the linguistic values corresponding to the rate of change ec of the deviation of the concentration of each relevant ion in the mother liquor / the concentration of the water-fertilizer mixture are {negative, none, positive}, indicating that the concentration of each relevant ion in the current mother liquor / the concentration of the water-fertilizer mixture is decreasing, remaining unchanged, or increasing; the linguistic values corresponding to the pulse frequency u of each fertilizer suction pump / fertilizer solution pump are {down-fast, down-slow, no-change, up-slow, up-fast}, indicating a rapid decrease in the frequency value, a slow decrease in the frequency value, the frequency value remaining unchanged, a slow increase in the frequency value, and a rapid increase in the frequency value, respectively.

[0056] The working process of this application:

[0057] Based on the characteristics that the ion-selective electrode only responds to specific ions and different types and concentrations of ions (including covalent bonds) have different Raman shifts and Raman intensities, this device uses a method that combines ion-selective electrode method and Raman spectroscopy analysis method to achieve online and accurate detection of the concentration of each relevant ion in the mixed fertilizer solution. Therefore, this device can simultaneously configure mixed fertilizer solutions with any fixed nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ratios; in addition, this device detects the real-time concentration and cumulative flow information of the water-fertilizer mixture based on the metering method through a flowmeter.

[0058] Enter the set values of the concentrations of each relevant ion, the concentration of the water-fertilizer mixture, and the total irrigation amount on the touch display screen 101. After completing the parameter settings, the device starts to run. The input formula is as follows:

[0059]

[0060] V1 + V2 + V3 + V4 = 0.9V (3)

[0061] In the above formula (1): c is the real-time concentration of the water-fertilizer mixture (%); v1 is the real-time flow rate of water during the water-fertilizer ratio irrigation process, measured by the second flowmeter 504; v2 is the real-time flow rate of the water-fertilizer mixture, measured by the third flowmeter 505. In the above formulas (2) and (3): c i is the concentration value of each relevant ion in the nutrient solution (known); c' i is the set value of the concentration of each relevant ion; vi $Q$ is the cumulative flow rate of each nutrient solution, measured by each fertilizer suction pump 301; $v_4$ is the cumulative flow rate of water during the mother liquor preparation process, measured by the first flow meter 402; $v$ is the effective volume of the mixing fertilizer tank (known).

[0062] First, the first solenoid valve 401 is opened and the second solenoid valve 503 is closed to prepare the mother liquor; Coarse fertilizer mixing: The water suction pump 502 and each fertilizer suction pump 301 operate at their rated flow rates to pump water and each nutrient solution into the mixing fertilizer tank 6 at the fastest rate. When the first flow meter 402 and each fertilizer suction pump 301 detect that the cumulative injection amounts of water and each nutrient solution reach the set values, each pump stops operating; Fine fertilizer mixing: The potassium ion selective electrode 601 and the Raman spectrometer 7 respectively detect the potassium ion concentration and the nitrogen and phosphorus element concentration information in the mother liquor of the mixing fertilizer tank online and accurately and upload them to the STC51 single-chip microcomputer 102. The system adopts a "fixed water variable fertilizer" control strategy, that is, the flow rate of the water suction pump 502 is fixed. The STC51 single-chip microcomputer 102 dynamically changes the pulse frequency of each fertilizer suction pump 301 through a fuzzy control method to adjust the injection amount of each nutrient solution, and finally makes the concentrations of relevant ions in the mother liquor reach the set values (the concentration of relevant ions in the mother liquor = the set value of the relevant ion concentration / the concentration of the water-fertilizer mixture); During the mother liquor preparation process, the electric stirrer 602 operates continuously to achieve full mixing of water and each nutrient solution. When the liquid level in the mother liquor tank 6 reaches the height where the top liquid level sensor 603 is located, the mother liquor preparation link is completed; Subsequently, the first solenoid valve 401 is closed and the second solenoid valve 503 is opened to carry out water-fertilizer ratio irrigation; The water suction pump 502 and the fertilizer liquid pump 1001 respectively pump the external water source and the mother liquor in the mixing fertilizer tank 6 into the main pipeline 5 to form a water-fertilizer mixture. The second flow meter 504 and the third flow meter 505 respectively measure the real-time flow rate information of water and the mother liquor and upload it to the STC51 single-chip microcomputer 102; The STC51 single-chip microcomputer 102 dynamically changes the pulse frequency of the fertilizer liquid pump 1001 through a fuzzy control method to adjust the extraction amount of the mother liquor, so as to ensure that the concentration of the water-fertilizer mixture always remains stable; The water-fertilizer mixture is fully mixed by the static fertilizer mixer 506 and then irrigated to the crops through the main pipeline 5. When the third flow meter 505 detects that the cumulative flow rate of the water-fertilizer mixture reaches the set total irrigation amount, the device stops operating.

[0063] It should be noted that when the liquid level of the mother liquor in the mixing fertilizer tank 6 drops to the height where the bottom liquid level sensor 604 is located, the device automatically stops the water-fertilizer ratio irrigation link and starts the mother liquor preparation link again.

[0064] Finally, it should also be noted that in this text, relationships such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "including", "comprising" or any other variant are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0065] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0066] The embodiments of the present application have been described above. The above description is exemplary and not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The choice of terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, practical applications, or improvements to the technology in the market, or to enable other ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An online fertilizer blending device integrating ISE and RS, characterized in that: The online fertilizer blending device integrating ISE and RS includes a control device (1), a nutrient solution tank (2), a nutrient solution pipeline (3), a water-fertilizer mixing pipeline (4), a main pipeline (5), a fertilizer mixing tank (6), a Raman spectrometer (7), a shielding room (9), and a mother liquor pipeline (10); One end of the main pipeline (5) close to the water inlet (501) is connected to the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline (4). The water-fertilizer mixing pipeline (4) is connected to the nutrient solution tank (2) through the nutrient solution pipeline (3). The other end of the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline (4) is a fertilizer injection port (403), and the fertilizer injection port (403) is located inside the fertilizer mixing tank (6). The Raman spectrometer (7) is installed outside the fertilizer mixing tank (6) through the shielding room (9). The bottom of the fertilizer mixing tank (6) is connected to one end of the main pipeline (5) close to the fertilizer outlet (507) through the mother liquor pipeline (10); A water suction pump (502), a second solenoid valve (503), a second flowmeter (504), a third flowmeter (505), and a static fertilizer mixer (506) are sequentially installed on the main pipeline (5). The mother liquor pipeline (10) and the main pipeline (5) are connected through a mother liquor injection inlet (1003). The water suction pump (502) is located between the water inlet (501) and the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline (4). The second solenoid valve (503) and the second flowmeter (504) are located between the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline (4) and the mother liquor injection inlet (1003). The third flowmeter (505) and the static fertilizer mixer (506) are located between the mother liquor injection inlet (1003) and the fertilizer outlet (507). A first solenoid valve (401) and a first flowmeter (402) are installed between the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline (4), the main pipeline (5), and the nutrient solution pipeline (3). A fertilizer suction pump (301) is installed on the nutrient solution pipeline (3) and is connected to the water-fertilizer mixing pipeline (4) through a nutrient solution injection inlet (302). A potassium ion selective electrode (601) and an electric stirrer (602) are installed inside the fertilizer mixing tank (6). A fertilizer solution pump (1001) and a third solenoid valve (1002) are installed on the mother liquor pipeline (10); The control device (1) is electrically connected to the water suction pump (502), the second solenoid valve (503), the second flowmeter (504), the third flowmeter (505), the first solenoid valve (401), the first flowmeter (402), the fertilizer suction pump (301), the potassium ion selective electrode (601), the electric stirrer (602), the Raman spectrometer (7), the fertilizer solution pump (1001), and the third solenoid valve (1002).

2. The online fertilizer blending device integrating ISE and RS according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outside of the control device (1) is a touch display screen (101), and an STC51 single-chip microcomputer (102) and an audible and visual alarm (105) are arranged inside the control device (1).

3. The online fertilizer blending device integrating ISE and RS according to claim 2, characterized in that: A nutrient solution tank liquid level sensor (201) is arranged outside the nutrient solution tank (2). There are three identical nutrient solution tanks (2), which are respectively used to store high-concentration nutrient solutions of single-component nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The nutrient solution tank liquid level sensor (201) is electrically connected to the control device (1).

4. The online fertilizer blending device integrating ISE and RS according to claim 3, wherein: A tank top liquid level sensor (603) and a tank bottom liquid level sensor (604) are respectively installed at the upper end and the lower end outside the compound fertilizer tank (6). The tank top liquid level sensor (603) is located below the tank mouth of the compound fertilizer tank (6), and the tank bottom liquid level sensor (604) is located above the probe of the potassium ion selective electrode (601) and the probe of the Raman spectrometer (7). The tank top liquid level sensor (603) and the tank bottom liquid level sensor (604) are respectively electrically connected to the control device (1).

5. The online fertilizer blending device integrating ISE and RS according to claim 4, characterized in that: A 24V voltage stabilizing circuit (103) and a 5V voltage stabilizing circuit (104) are arranged in the control device (1). The 24V voltage stabilizing circuit (103) is respectively electrically connected to the touch display screen (101), the nutrient solution tank liquid level sensor (201), the first flowmeter (402), the second flowmeter (504), the third flowmeter (505), the potassium ion selective electrode (601), the tank top liquid level sensor (603), and the tank bottom liquid level sensor (604). The 5V voltage stabilizing circuit (104) is respectively electrically connected to the STC51 single-chip microcomputer (102) and the Raman spectrometer (7).

6. The online fertilizer blending device integrating ISE and RS according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that: The Raman spectrometer (7) is installed in the shielding room (9) through a shock-absorbing base (8).

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