Moisture-resistant pepper picking machine
Through the collaborative design of multiple crushing shafts and screeners, the problem of incomplete separation of pepper and stems when the moisture content of the pepper picker is high is solved, and efficient, even crushing and separation of pepper harvesting is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421804770.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-04
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-29
AI Technical Summary
The existing pepper pickers are unevenly crushing pepper plants that are not drying enough, the peppers are not completely separated from the stems, and the moisture resistance is insufficient, making it difficult to effectively separate under slightly higher moisture content.
The crushing chamber design with multiple crushing shafts is designed, and the rotation speed and steering between the crushing shafts are coordinated. Combined with a specific shape of screen, the material running route is complex, and the combination of crushing rods and push cards ensures the complete separation of the pepper and the stem.
The complete separation of peppers and stems is achieved, the damage rate of peppers is reduced, the moisture resistance of the equipment is improved, and the pepper harvesting under different drying conditions is adapted.
Smart Images
Figure CN223055769U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to an agricultural machine, namely a chili anti - moisture picking machine. Background Art
[0002] Chili is a kind of crop. Its fruits (hereinafter referred to as chili) are both vegetables, condiments and important industrial raw materials. In recent years, the cultivation of chili has achieved large - scale, forming many large - area chili - growing regions. However, in the process of chili cultivation, the technology is complex and the labor intensity is high. Especially in the process of chili harvesting, it requires a lot of labor, is time - consuming and difficult. Therefore, it is urgent to realize mechanization. For this reason, the author has developed a variety of chili picking machines. Such chili picking machines can crush the dried chili plants, separate the chili from the stems, and then complete the chili harvesting operation through screening. However, the existing crushing devices for chili plants have too high requirements for drying. Chili plants with slightly higher moisture content are crushed unevenly, and the separation of chili from the stems is not thorough. Due to the large area of chili and the unpredictable weather during the harvesting season, the conditions of the cut - down chili plants are different, and the drying effect cannot fully meet the standards. Therefore, the adaptability of the existing chili picking machines, especially the moisture - resistant performance, needs to be improved urgently. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to develop a chili anti - moisture picking machine that can crush chili plants evenly, separate chili from the stems thoroughly, and has strong moisture - resistant performance, and can also crush and separate chili plants with slightly higher moisture content.
[0004] The above purpose is achieved by the following technical solutions: Provide a chili anti - moisture picking machine, including a feeding device, a crushing chamber, and a screening device. The characteristics are as follows: The crushing chamber is provided with four crushing shafts A, B, C, and D. Among them, crushing shaft A is opposite to the outlet of the feeding device. Crushing shaft B is installed behind crushing shaft A and is at the same level as crushing shaft A. Crushing shaft C is installed below crushing shafts A and B. Crushing shaft D is installed behind and below crushing shaft C.
[0005] On the surface of the A crushing shaft, there are multiple rows of crushing rods. The crushing rods are straight rods with ball heads at the ends. Between every two rows of crushing rods, there is a row of pushing cards. The pushing card is a "V" - shaped card formed by connecting the fronts of two thin rods.
[0006] The tip of the "V" - shaped card faces outward, and the two end points of the other end are installed on the surface of the A crushing shaft. The straight line formed by the two end points forms an angle of 82° - 88° with the axis of the A crushing shaft.
[0007] Outside the B crushing shaft, C crushing shaft, and D crushing shaft, multiple rows of crushing rods are installed. The crushing rods are straight rods with ball heads at the ends.
[0008] Three rows of the crushing rods are installed outside each crushing shaft.
[0009] The rotation speeds of the A crushing shaft, B crushing shaft, C crushing shaft, and D crushing shaft are the same. The rotation directions of the A crushing shaft and B crushing shaft are the same. The rotation directions of the C crushing shaft and D crushing shaft are the same and opposite to those of the A crushing shaft and B crushing shaft.
[0010] The screening device is cylindrical, and the cylinder wall is surrounded by multiple slender slats. There are screening slits between adjacent slats that can screen out the stalks and retain the peppers.
[0011] The cross-section of the slats on the periphery of the screening device cylinder is rectangular or trapezoidal, and the short side of the trapezoid faces the inside of the cylinder.
[0012] The cross-section of the slats on the periphery of the screening device cylinder is triangular, and one of the sharp corners faces the inside of the cylinder.
[0013] The screening device is placed flat on the frame and supported by rotatable idler rollers on both sides of the frame. One of the idler rollers on one side is the driving idler roller, and the idler roller on the other side is the driven idler roller. The driving idler roller can rotate driven by the transmission shaft and can drive the screening device to rotate.
[0014] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: The arrangement of the crushing shafts is adapted to the workload of crushing the materials and is not easily blocked. The material running route repeatedly turns back, the crushing is uniform, the peppers and the stalks are completely separated. Especially for the pepper plants that are not fully dried and have a slightly higher moisture content, a good crushing and separation effect can also be achieved, thus solving the drawbacks of the existing equipment and providing an applicable tool for the harvesting of peppers. Description of the Drawings
[0015] Figure 1 is the front view of the first embodiment;
[0016] Figure 2 is the top view of the first embodiment;
[0017] Figure 3 is the rear view of the first embodiment;
[0018] Figure 4 is the rear view of the component crushing bin of the first embodiment;
[0019] Figure 5 is the front view of the component A crushing shaft of the first embodiment;
[0020] Figure 6 is the top view of the component A crushing shaft of the first embodiment;
[0021] Figure 7 is the left view of the component A crushing shaft of the first embodiment;
[0022] Figure 8 is the front view of the B crushing shaft, C crushing shaft, and D crushing shaft of the first embodiment;
[0023] Figure 9 is a top view of the B crushing shaft, C crushing shaft, and D crushing shaft of the first embodiment;
[0024] Figure 10 is a left view of the B crushing shaft, C crushing shaft, and D crushing shaft of the first embodiment;
[0025] Figure 11 is a material running route diagram of the crushing bin of the first embodiment;
[0026] Figure 12 is a front view of the component sieve of the second embodiment;
[0027] Figure 13 is a left view of the component sieve of the second embodiment;
[0028] Figure 14 is a front view of the component sieve of the third embodiment.
[0029] As can be seen in the figure: feeder 1, crushing bin 2, sieve 3, material lifter 4, frame 5, power unit 6, A crushing shaft 7, B crushing shaft 8, C crushing shaft 9, D crushing shaft 10, crushing rod 11, pushing card 12, crushing row 13, bearing seat 14, sprocket 15, slat 16, sieve slot 17, transmission shaft 18, driving idler 19, driven idler 20. Detailed implementation manners
[0030] First embodiment: Figures 1, 2, and 3 illustrate a chili anti - moisture picking machine. In sequence from front to back, there are a feeder 1, a crushing bin 2, and a sieve 3. Here, the feeder is also called a picker, which is equipped with a conveyor belt inside. The chili plants that have been cut and sun - dried are put into it and pushed backward and upward by the conveyor belt and then placed into the subsequent crushing bin. After being crushed in the crushing bin, the chili and the stalks are separated. Since the sun - dried stalks are relatively easy to break, while the sun - dried chili has good toughness and is not easy to break, the crushed chili can be separated from the stalks. The crushed material is put into the subsequent sieve for screening.
[0031] As can be seen in the figure, the sieve is cylindrical, and the barrel wall is surrounded by multiple long slats. The gaps between the slats can sieve out the broken stalks, while the chili flows to the end.
[0032] The above - mentioned mechanisms are all installed on a frame 5, and walking wheels are provided under the frame. In the front part above the frame, a power unit 6 is installed. Here, the power unit can use a diesel engine.
[0033] Generally speaking, it is preferably to install a material lifter 4 and a vehicle behind the sieve. The material lifter is equipped with a lifting belt or a spiral auger inside. After the lifting belt lifts the chili to a certain height, it is put into the carriage of the vehicle. This vehicle can also be used to tow the chili picking machine.
[0034] As can be seen in conjunction with Figure 4, the improvements in this example are as follows: On the brackets on both sides of the crushing bin 3, four crushing shafts A, B, C, and D are installed through bearing seats 14. Among them, the A crushing shaft 7 is opposite to the outlet at the end of the feeder. The B crushing shaft 8 is installed behind the A crushing shaft and is flush with the A crushing shaft. The C crushing shaft 9 is installed below the A crushing shaft and the B crushing shaft. The D crushing shaft 10 is installed behind and below the C crushing shaft.
[0035] This installation method of the crushing shafts has two major advantages. First, at the upper opening of the crushing bin, the incoming pepper plants have not been crushed yet, and the workload required is the largest. Therefore, two crushing shafts, namely the A crushing shaft and the B crushing shaft, are installed side by side at the upper opening. After passing through these two crushing shafts, most of the materials have been crushed, and only the plants with a higher moisture content are not thoroughly crushed. Therefore, the following two crushing shafts are not installed side by side, but are installed sequentially downward.
[0036] To better achieve the above goals, the structure of the A crushing shaft used here is relatively complex. As can be seen in conjunction with Figure 5, Figure 6, and Figure 7, multiple rows of crushing rods 11 are installed on the surface of the A crushing shaft. Generally, three rows are appropriate. The crushing rod is a straight rod, and the end part can have a variable diameter and be thicker. In the figure, an example is a spherical head with a diameter larger than the rod diameter. One row of pushing cards 12 is installed between every two rows of crushing rods. The pushing card is a "V"-shaped card formed by bending a thin rod in the middle. When installed, the tip points outward, and the two feet are installed on the outside of the A crushing shaft.
[0037] In addition to the function of hitting the materials, the main function of the pushing card is to push the materials. It pushes the larger plants that cannot be broken and cannot move downward to the subsequent B crushing shaft. To enhance the pushing effect of the pushing card, the straight line formed by the two end points of the pushing card, that is, the two feet, is not perpendicular to the axis of the A crushing shaft, and an angle difference of 2 - 8° is appropriate, that is, the angle with the axis of the A crushing shaft is 82° - 88°.
[0038] As can be seen in conjunction with Figure 8, Figure 9, and Figure 10, multiple rows of crushing rods 11 are installed outside the B crushing shaft 8, C crushing shaft 9, and D crushing shaft 10. The crushing rod is a straight rod, and there is a spherical head at the end. The crushing rods can preferably be three rows, and when viewed in cross-section, it is better that the three crushing rods are evenly distributed at 120°.
[0039] To strengthen the function of the crushing rods, a crushing row 13 is installed below each crushing shaft. The crushing row is formed by arranging multiple thin rods side by side. The gap between two adjacent thin rods can just pass through one crushing rod. When the crushing shaft rotates, the crushing rod passes through the gap in the crushing row, and the materials can be forcibly sheared, resulting in a better crushing effect.
[0040] Further, as can be seen in conjunction with FIGS. 4 and 11, the A crushing shaft, B crushing shaft, C crushing shaft, and D crushing shaft are driven by a transmission chain through the sprockets 15 at the shaft ends. The number of teeth of each sprocket is the same, that is, the rotational speeds of the four shafts are the same. Experiments have shown that when the rotational speeds of the four shafts are the same, the operation is more coordinated and stable.
[0041] Further, the A crushing shaft and the B crushing shaft rotate in the same direction, both rotating backward, that is, they rotate counterclockwise as shown in FIG. 11. The C crushing shaft and the D crushing shaft rotate in the same direction and opposite to the rotation directions of the A crushing shaft and the B crushing shaft. That is, they rotate forward, that is, they rotate clockwise as shown in FIG. 11.
[0042] As can be seen in conjunction with FIG. 11, the running route of the materials in the crushing chamber is as follows: The pepper plants coming from the feeder first enter the A crushing shaft. Part of them are pushed and pressed downward by the crushing rods, pass through the crushing row and are crushed, and then fall onto the C crushing shaft. Another part is pushed toward the B crushing shaft, and after being crushed by the crushing row, it falls downward through the guide plate onto the C crushing shaft. After receiving the materials above, the C crushing shaft pushes and presses forward, then is crushed by the crushing row, and then is thrown onto the D crushing shaft through the guide plate. After receiving the materials, the D crushing shaft does not push and press backward, but instead pushes and presses forward. After being crushed by the crushing row, the materials are thrown from the outlet into the screening device. During rotation, the screening device sifts out the fine particles in the materials onto the ground, while the peppers that remain intact due to their softness flow to the rear end of the screening device, are lifted by the lifting device, and then thrown onto the accompanying vehicle. Obviously, the running route of the materials is relatively complex and is quite different from the conventional designs that people are prone to adopt. Because, for multiple crushing shafts, the most easily thought-of is to run sequentially in the direction of the rear lower outlet. Experiments have shown that the running route of the materials in this example can better achieve the separation of peppers and stalks, and moreover, the breakage rate of peppers is significantly reduced, achieving unexpected effects.
[0043] Second Embodiment: On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the screening device behind the crushing chamber is improved. In conjunction with Figure 12 FIGS. 12 and 13, it can be seen that the screening device 3 is in a cylindrical shape, and the cylindrical wall is surrounded by a plurality of long strip-shaped slats 16. The sieve gaps 17 between the slats can sieve out the crushed stalks, while the peppers are larger in volume and cannot be sieved out and can only flow to the end of the screening device.
[0044] Obviously, the shape of the slats can be various. In FIG. 13, the cross-section of the slat 16 exemplified is rectangular or trapezoidal. This shape is relatively simple and has good sliding performance on the inner side. Among them, for the slat with a trapezoidal cross-section, the short side of the trapezoid faces the inner side of the cylinder. In this way, the sieve gap on the inner side of the slat is wider than that on the outer side, making it easier for the materials to enter and the screening effect better.
[0045] As can be seen in the figure, the cylindrical sieve 3 is placed horizontally on the upper surface of the frame 5 and supported by the rotatable idler rollers on both sides of the frame. One of the idler rollers is the driving idler roller 19, and the other is the driven idler roller 20. The driving idler roller can be rotated by the drive shaft 18 and drive the sieve to rotate through friction.
[0046] For this kind of sieve, the inner side is smooth and the sieve slots form a straight line. Compared with the ordinary square-hole sieve holes, there is no lateral obstruction in this kind of sieve slot, and the suitable materials can easily pass through, and the remaining materials are convenient to slide backward. With such a sieve in cooperation, the materials output from the crushing bin can be better screened, improving the overall performance of the machine.
[0047] The third embodiment: On the basis of the second embodiment, the shape of the sieve bars of the sieve is improved. As Figure 14 shown, the cross section of the sieve bars 16 on the outer periphery of the cylindrical sieve 3 is triangular, and one of the sharp corners faces the inner side of the cylinder.
[0048] Obviously, the width of the inner sieve slot of this kind of sieve bar is larger than that of the outer sieve slot, the materials are easier to enter, the screening of the stalks is more thorough, and the obtained chili has a higher cleanliness.
Claims
1. A chili anti-moisture picking machine, comprising a feeder (1), a crushing bin (2), and a sieve (3), characterized in that: The crushing bin (2) is provided with four crushing shafts A, B, C, and D. Among them, the A crushing shaft (7) is opposite to the outlet of the feeder. The B crushing shaft (8) is installed behind the A crushing shaft and is at the same level as the A crushing shaft. The C crushing shaft (9) is installed below the A crushing shaft and the B crushing shaft. The D crushing shaft (10) is installed at the rear lower part of the C crushing shaft.
2. The chili anti-moisture picking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of rows of crushing rods (11) are installed on the surface of the A crushing shaft (7). The crushing rods are straight rods with spherical heads at the ends. A row of pushing cards (12) is installed between every two rows of crushing rods. The pushing card is a "V"-shaped card formed by bending a thin rod in the middle.
3. The chili anti-moisture picking machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The "V" - shaped tip of the pushing card (12) faces outward. The two end points at the other end are installed on the surface of the A crushing shaft. The straight line formed by the two end points is not perpendicular to the axis of the A crushing shaft, and the included angle is 82° - 88°.
4. The chili anti-moisture picking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of rows of crushing rods are installed outside the B crushing shaft (8), the C crushing shaft (9), and the D crushing shaft (10). The crushing rods are straight rods with spherical heads at the ends.
5. The chili anti-moisture picking machine according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that: Three rows of the crushing rods (11) are installed on each crushing shaft.
6. The chili anti-moisture picking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotational speeds of the A crushing shaft (7), the B crushing shaft (8), the C crushing shaft (9), and the D crushing shaft (10) are the same. The rotation directions of the A crushing shaft and the B crushing shaft are the same. The rotation directions of the C crushing shaft and the D crushing shaft are the same and opposite to the rotation directions of the A crushing shaft and the B crushing shaft.
7. The chili anti-moisture picking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening device (3) is cylindrical. The cylinder wall is surrounded by a plurality of slender slats (16). There are sieve slots (17) between adjacent slats that can screen out the stalks and retain the peppers.
8. The chili anti-moisture picking machine according to claim 7, wherein: The cross - section of the slats (16) on the periphery of the cylinder of the screening device (3) is rectangular or trapezoidal, and the short side of the trapezoid faces the inside of the cylinder.
9. The chili anti-moisture picking machine according to claim 7, wherein: The cross - section of the slats (16) on the periphery of the cylinder of the screening device (3) is triangular, and one of the sharp corners faces the inside of the cylinder.
10. The chili anti-moisture picking machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The screening device (3) is placed flat on the frame and is supported by rotatable idler rollers on both sides of the frame. One of the idler rollers on one side is the driving idler roller (19), and the idler roller on the other side is the driven idler roller (20). The driving idler roller can be driven by the transmission shaft (18) to rotate and can drive the screening device to rotate.