Shaft part clamping and positioning device

Abstract

The utility model provides a shaft part clamping and positioning device, and relates to the technical field of shaft part clamping and positioning, the shaft part clamping and positioning device comprises a center body, a taper mandrel and an expansion sleeve, the center body is of a hollow structure, the center body comprises a positioning end and a fixing end which are coaxially arranged, and at least two locking through holes are formed in the center body; the taper core shaft comprises a shaft rod part and a taper part, at least two locking grooves are formed in the shaft rod part, the locking grooves are arranged adjacent to the taper part, and the taper part is provided with a tensioning conical surface; the expansion sleeve comprises a connecting part and a fixing part, at least two connecting through holes are formed in the circumferential direction of the connecting part, stop bolts sequentially penetrate through the stop through holes and the connecting through holes to abut against the stop grooves so as to limit the connecting part in the positioning end, the fixing part is located outside the positioning end, a conical through hole is formed in the fixing part, and the conical through hole is matched with the conical part; and the conical part slides in the conical through hole, so that the fixing part is expanded or reset. According to the utility model, the driving force and the processing quality of the part during turning processing of the part can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of clamping and positioning of shaft parts, and particularly relates to a clamping and positioning device for shaft parts. Background Technique

[0002] A clamping and positioning device is a common auxiliary tool in the machinery industry and has a wide range of applications in the technical field of metal processing equipment. It is particularly suitable for the processing of gear shaft parts and plays a key role in clamping and positioning during the processing of gear shaft parts.

[0003] At present, during the machining process of turning the outer circle and end face of gear shaft parts after heat treatment, a driving center device is usually used to clamp and position the workpiece. Specifically, the driving center device includes a center with a taper. When in use, the driving center device is installed on the machine tool, and the tail of the center is tightened by the headstock hydraulic cylinder of the machine tool. After the center is stressed, the tip of the center will pierce into the end face of the part, and the part is clamped by the method of tightening with the center. When the center rotates, the part will also rotate synchronously, so as to meet the requirements of turning processing.

[0004] However, in the actual use process, the hardness of the part surface usually exceeds 60HRC after heat treatment. It is difficult for the center in the driving center device to pierce into the part surface, and the driving force of the center on the part is insufficient to overcome the resistance generated by the tool during machining, resulting in relative rotation between the part and the center. It is easy to cause wear of the center, part and tool, seriously affecting the quality of the part and reducing the service life of the device and tool. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] Based on this, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a clamping and positioning device for shaft parts, aiming to solve the technical problems that the center in the existing driving center device is difficult to pierce into the surface of the part after heat treatment, the driving force of the center on the part is insufficient to overcome the resistance generated by the tool during machining, resulting in relative rotation between the part and the center, which is easy to cause wear of the center, part and tool, seriously affecting the quality of the part and reducing the service life of the device and tool.

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a clamping and positioning device for shaft parts, which is characterized in that it includes a center body, a taper mandrel penetrating through the center body, and a expansion sleeve sleeved on one end of the taper mandrel. The center body is a hollow structure, the center body includes a positioning end and a fixed end arranged coaxially, and at least two stop through holes are arranged on the center body on the side close to the positioning end;

[0007] The taper mandrel includes a shaft rod portion and a tapered portion provided at one end of the shaft rod portion. At least two stop grooves are provided on the shaft rod portion, the stop grooves are arranged adjacent to the tapered portion, and the tapered portion is provided with a tensioning taper surface;

[0008] The expanding sleeve includes a connecting portion and a fixing portion integrally connected to the connecting portion. At least two connecting through holes are provided in the circumferential direction of the connecting portion. The stop bolts sequentially pass through the stop through holes, the connecting through holes and abut against the stop grooves to limit the connecting portion inside the positioning end. The fixing portion is located outside the positioning end. A tapered through hole is provided in the fixing portion, and the tapered through hole is adapted to the tapered portion. The expansion or reset of the fixing portion of the expanding sleeve is realized by the sliding of the tapered portion in the tapered through hole.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the clamping and positioning device for shaft parts of the present utility model are as follows: The clamping of the parts is realized by setting an expanding sleeve. Specifically, an expanding sleeve is provided at one end of the taper mandrel, and the expansion or reset of the fixing portion of the expanding sleeve is realized by the sliding of the tapered portion of the taper mandrel in the tapered through hole of the expanding sleeve. In the actual use process, the clamping of the parts is realized by the fixing portion of the expanding sleeve tightening the center hole of the parts, which greatly improves the driving force during the turning processing of the parts, avoids the phenomenon that the driving force is insufficient to overcome the resistance generated by the tool during the processing of the parts, and improves the service life of the device and the tool. And the above-mentioned inner hole tensioning and driving method makes the device not contact with the outer circle of the parts during hard turning processing, so that all the outer circles of the parts can be processed at one time, ensuring the concentricity of all the outer circles on the parts, and further improving the processing quality of the parts. Further, in the actual use process, the positioning of the top body to the parts is realized by the circumferential side surface of the positioning end on the top body contacting the center hole of the parts, ensuring the stability of the parts processing.

[0010] In addition, according to the above-mentioned clamping and positioning device for shaft parts of the present utility model, the following additional technical features may also be provided:

[0011] Further, the positioning end is a hollow frustum structure, the large end side of the hollow frustum structure is arranged close to the fixed end, and the stop through hole is arranged adjacent to the large end side.

[0012] Further, the stop groove is a kidney-shaped groove, the long axis direction of the kidney-shaped groove is arranged along the axial direction of the taper mandrel, and the groove width in the short axis direction of the kidney-shaped groove is the same as the diameter of the stop bolt.

[0013] Further, the taper mandrel further includes an abutting portion, and the outer wall of the middle part of the shaft rod portion horizontally extends outward along the radial direction of the shaft rod portion to form the abutting portion.

[0014] Further, the clamping and positioning device for shaft parts further includes a spring. The spring is sleeved on the shaft rod portion and is located on the side of the abutting portion close to the tapered portion. One end of the spring abuts against the inner wall of the tip body, and the other end of the spring abuts against the abutting portion.

[0015] Further, the clamping and positioning device for shaft parts further includes a pressing plate. The pressing plate is used to fix the taper mandrel, and the pressing plate is fixedly arranged inside the fixed end through a plurality of pressing plate bolts.

[0016] Further, the pressing plate is provided with a first through hole and a plurality of second through holes. The plurality of second through holes are arranged around the center of the first through hole. The first through hole is adapted to the shaft rod portion, and the second through holes are adapted to the pressing plate bolts.

[0017] Further, a positioning groove is arranged inside the fixed end. The positioning groove is used to install the pressing plate. Threaded holes adapted to the pressing plate bolts are arranged in the positioning groove, and the depth of the positioning groove is greater than the thickness of the pressing plate.

[0018] Further, a plurality of locking through holes are also arranged on the circumference of the fixed end. The tip body is fixed on the machine tool chuck by screwing a locking bolt through the locking through hole and screwing it with the machine tool chuck.

[0019] Further, both the locking bolt and the pressing plate bolt are hexagon socket head cap screws. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is an exploded schematic view of the clamping and positioning device for shaft parts of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 is a sectional structural schematic view of the clamping and positioning device for shaft parts of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 is a usage schematic view of the clamping and positioning device for shaft parts of the present utility model.

[0023] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following reference numerals: 10 - tip body; 11 - positioning end; 12 - fixed end; 121 - positioning groove; 13 - stop through hole; 14 - locking through hole; 15 - threaded hole; 20 - taper mandrel; 21 - shaft rod portion; 22 - tapered portion; 23 - abutting portion; 24 - stop groove; 30 - expansion sleeve; 31 - connecting portion; 311 - connecting through hole; 32 - fixing portion; 321 - tapered through hole; 40 - spring; 50 - pressing plate; 51 - first through hole; 52 - second through holes; 61 - stop bolt; 62 - locking bolt; 63 - pressing plate bolt; 70 - part; 71 - center hole.

[0024] The following specific embodiments will further illustrate the present utility model in conjunction with the above-mentioned drawings. Specific Embodiments

[0025] For ease of understanding the present utility model, the present utility model will be described more comprehensively below with reference to the relevant drawings. Several embodiments of the present utility model are shown in the drawings. However, the present utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of the present utility model is thorough and complete.

[0026] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixedly provided on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may also be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0027] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present utility model belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of the present utility model are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present utility model. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0028] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , the clamping and positioning device for shaft parts of the present utility model includes a center body 10, a taper mandrel 20 passing through the center body 10, and a collet 30 sleeved on one end of the taper mandrel 20. Among them, the taper mandrel 20 can slide inside the center body 10 and the collet 30.

[0029] As an example, the top body 10 has a hollow structure. The top body 10 includes a positioning end 11 and a fixed end 12 that are coaxially arranged. On the side of the top body 10 close to the positioning end 11, there are at least two stop through holes 13. Among them, the positioning end 11 is a hollow frustum structure, and the large end side of this hollow frustum structure is arranged close to the fixed end 12. In actual use, the circumferential side surface of this hollow frustum structure serves as the positioning surface for machining the part 70 to ensure the stability of machining the part 70. It should be understood that the circumferential side surface of the positioning end 11 serving as the positioning surface for machining the part 70 needs to be super-precision ground. In addition to ensuring the accuracy of the outer circle of the positioning end 11 itself, it is also necessary to ensure that the center of the positioning end 11 is coaxial with the center of the fixed end 12 of the top body 10, that is, to ensure that it is coaxial with the installation and positioning reference of the top body 10 on the machine tool, so as to make the overall use accuracy of the entire device after being installed on the machine tool. The stop through holes 13 are arranged adjacent to the large end side of the hollow frustum structure. As a specific example, in this embodiment, there are two stop through holes 13 on the top body 10, and the two stop through holes 13 are symmetrically arranged. The stop through holes 13 are internal threaded holes for screwing with the stop bolts 61.

[0030] Furthermore, a number of locking through holes 14 are provided on the circumference of the fixed end 12. The locking through holes 14 are adapted to the locking bolts 62. The top body 10 is fixed on the machine tool chuck by passing the locking bolts 62 through the locking through holes 14 and screwing them with the machine tool chuck. As a specific example, in this embodiment, there are six locking through holes 14 on the circumference of the fixed end 12, and the six locking through holes 14 are arranged around the center of the fixed end 12.

[0031] Even further, a positioning groove 121 is provided inside the fixed end 12. The positioning groove 121 is used to install the pressing plate 50. Threaded holes 15 adapted to the pressing plate bolts 63 are provided in the positioning groove 121, and the groove depth of the positioning groove 121 is greater than the thickness of the pressing plate 50. As a specific example, in this embodiment, there are three threaded holes 15 on the side wall of the positioning groove 121 along the axial direction of the top body 10, and the three threaded holes 15 are arranged around the center of the top body 10. It should be noted that the positioning groove 121 is adapted to the positioning seat on the machine tool chuck. In actual use, the accurate positioning of the top body 10 on the machine tool chuck is realized through the cooperation of the positioning groove 121 and the positioning seat, thereby improving the installation accuracy of the top body 10 on the machine tool chuck. It should be understood that the end face of the fixed end 12 should be a super-precision grinding surface, and when it is in contact with the positioning seat on the machine tool chuck through the positioning groove 121, it can ensure the installation radial accuracy of the top body 10 on the machine tool.

[0032] Even further, both the locking bolts 62 and the pressing plate bolts 63 are hexagon socket head cap screws, which are convenient for disassembly and assembly.

[0033] As an example, the taper mandrel 20 includes a shaft rod portion 21 and a tapered portion 22 provided at one end of the shaft rod portion 21. At least two stop grooves 24 are provided on the shaft rod portion 21. The stop grooves 24 are arranged adjacent to the tapered portion 22, and the tapered portion 22 is provided with a tensioning tapered surface. As a specific example, in this embodiment, two stop grooves 24 are provided on both sides of the shaft rod portion 21, and the two stop grooves 24 are symmetrically arranged. Further, the stop groove 24 is a waist-shaped groove, and the long axis direction of the waist-shaped groove is arranged along the axial direction of the taper mandrel 20, and the groove width in the short axis direction of the waist-shaped groove is the same as the diameter of the stop bolt 61. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the stop bolt 61 includes a screw rod portion and a sliding rod portion integrally connected to the screw rod portion. The screw rod portion is used for screwing with the stop through hole 13, and the sliding rod portion is used for passing through the connection through hole 311 on the expansion sleeve 30 and abutting against the stop groove 24, so that the sliding rod portion can slide in the stop groove 24.

[0034] Further, the taper mandrel 20 further includes an abutting portion 23. An outer circumferential wall in the middle of the shaft rod portion 21 horizontally extends outward along the radial direction of the shaft rod portion 21 to form the abutting portion 23.

[0035] As an example, the expansion sleeve 30 includes a connection portion 31 and a fixing portion 32 integrally connected to the connection portion 31. At least two connection through holes 311 are provided on the circumference of the connection portion 31. In this embodiment, two connection through holes 311 are provided on both sides of the circumference of the connection portion 31, and the two connection through holes 311 are symmetrically arranged, and the connection through holes 311 are adapted to the stop bolts 61. In actual use, the stop bolts 61 can pass through the stop through holes 13, the connection through holes 311 in sequence and abut against the stop grooves 24 to limit the connection portion 31 inside the positioning end 11, thereby preventing the expansion sleeve 30 from detaching from the taper mandrel 20 and affecting the processing of the part 70.

[0036] Further, the fixing portion 32 is located outside the positioning end 11. The fixing portion 32 is used for contacting the central hole 71 of the part 70. A tapered through hole 321 is provided in the fixing portion 32, and the tapered through hole 321 is adapted to the tapered portion 22. In other words, the taper of the tapered through hole 321 is the same as the taper of the tapered portion 22, so that a taper fit is formed between the tapered surface of the tapered through hole 321 and the tapered portion 22. Thus, in actual use, the expansion or reset of the fixing portion 32 can be realized by the sliding of the tapered portion 22 in the tapered through hole 321, that is, the free deformation of the fixing portion 32 on the expansion sleeve 30 can be realized by the left and right movement of the taper mandrel 20 along the axial direction of the tapered through hole 321, thereby achieving the purpose of clamping or loosening the part 70. It should be noted that the cooperation between the taper mandrel 20 and the expansion sleeve 30 in the present invention serves to tighten and loosen the part 70 and does not participate in the positioning of the part 70 during the processing of the part 70. Therefore, a clearance fit is provided between the taper mandrel 20 and the tip body 10 to avoid affecting the positioning effect of the positioning end 11 of the tip body 10 on the part 70.

[0037] Further, the clamping and positioning device for shaft parts further includes a spring 40. The spring 40 is sleeved on the shaft rod portion 21 and is located on the side of the abutting portion 23 close to the tapered portion 22. One end of the spring 40 abuts against the inner wall of the top body 10, and the other end of the spring 40 abuts against the abutting portion 23, so as to generate a pre-tightening force between the tapered mandrel 20 and the top body 10. It should be understood that the setting of the elastic force of the spring 40 should ensure that the tapered mandrel 20 can automatically reset.

[0038] Further, the clamping and positioning device for shaft parts further includes a pressing plate 50. The pressing plate 50 is used to press and fix the tapered mandrel 20 to prevent the tapered mandrel 20 from disengaging from the top body 10 when receiving the reverse elastic force of the spring 40. The pressing plate 50 is fixedly arranged inside the fixed end 12 through a plurality of pressing plate bolts 63. Specifically, the pressing plate 50 is arranged in the positioning groove 121 of the fixed end 12. The pressing plate 50 is provided with a first through hole 51 and a plurality of second through holes 52. The plurality of second through holes 52 are arranged around the center of the first through hole 51. Among them, the first through hole 51 is adapted to the shaft rod portion 21, and the second through hole 52 is adapted to the pressing plate bolt 63. The pressing plate bolt 63 passes through the second through hole 52 and is screwed with the threaded hole 15 in the positioning groove 121 to fix the pressing plate 50 in the positioning groove 121 at the fixed end 12, so that the tapered mandrel 20 is limited inside the top body 10, thereby effectively preventing the tapered mandrel 20 from disengaging from the top body 10. As a specific example, in this embodiment, the pressing plate 50 is provided with three second through holes 52.

[0039] In the actual application process, the working principle of the clamping and positioning device for shaft parts of the present invention can be as follows:

[0040] Install the device on the machine tool chuck. Specifically, align the positioning groove 121 at the fixed end 12 of the top body 10 with the positioning seat on the machine tool chuck and fix the top body 10 on the machine tool chuck by screwing the locking bolt 62 through the locking through hole 14 on the top body 10 with the machine tool chuck. Before machining the part 70, extend the fixed portion 32 of the expansion sleeve 30 into the central hole 71 of the part 70, and make the circumferential side of the positioning end 11 on the top body 10 contact the central hole 71 of the part 70 to ensure that the center of the device is consistent with the center of the part 70, thereby ensuring the machining quality of the part 70.

[0041] When the headstock hydraulic cylinder of the machine tool moves to apply force to the taper mandrel 20, the abutting portion 23 on the taper mandrel 20 will move towards the direction close to the tapered through hole 321 against the elastic force of the spring 40, so that the tapered portion 22 synchronously enters the tapered through hole 321 of the expanding sleeve 30. During this process, the spring 40 is compressed, and the tightening taper surface of the tapered portion 22 will completely abut against the inner wall of the tapered through hole 321. The fixing portion 32 located in the central hole 71 of the part will expand outwards correspondingly, so that the outer circumferential wall of the fixing portion 32 is in close contact with the inner wall of the central hole 71 of the part, thereby achieving the purpose of tightening the part 70. At this time, the part 70 is firmly fixed on the taper mandrel 20, and the machining process of the part 70 can be carried out. When the machining of the part 70 is completed and the headstock hydraulic cylinder of the machine tool retracts, the abutting portion 23 of the taper mandrel 20 will move away from the tapered through hole 321 under the action of the reverse elastic force of the spring 40, and the tapered portion 22 will also retract synchronously. The fixing portion 32 of the expanding sleeve 30 will automatically reset and no longer tighten, thereby achieving the purpose of loosening the part 70.

[0042] In summary, the beneficial effects of the clamping and positioning device for shaft parts of the present utility model are as follows: The clamping of the part is realized by setting an expanding sleeve. Specifically, an expanding sleeve is arranged at one end of the taper mandrel, and the expanding or resetting of the fixing portion of the expanding sleeve is realized by the sliding of the tapered portion of the taper mandrel in the tapered through hole of the expanding sleeve. In the actual use process, the clamping of the part is realized by the fixing portion of the expanding sleeve tightening the central hole of the part, which greatly improves the driving force during the turning machining of the part, avoids the phenomenon that the driving force cannot overcome the resistance generated by the tool during machining of the part, and improves the service life of the device and the tool. Moreover, the inner hole tightening drive method does not contact the outer circle of the part during hard turning, so that all the outer circles of the part can be machined at one time, ensuring the concentricity of all the outer circles on the part, and thus improving the machining quality of the part. Further, in the actual use process, the positioning of the part by the tip body is realized by the circumferential side surface of the positioning end on the tip body contacting the central hole of the part, ensuring the stability of the part machining.

[0043] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0044] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation manners of the present utility model. The description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation to the scope of the present utility model application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present utility model, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model application shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A clamping and positioning device for shaft parts, characterized in that, It includes a center body, a taper mandrel passing through the center body, and a expanding sleeve sleeved on one end of the taper mandrel. The center body is of a hollow structure and includes a positioning end and a fixed end arranged coaxially. At least two stop through holes are provided on the center body on the side close to the positioning end; The taper mandrel includes a shaft rod portion and a tapered portion provided at one end of the shaft rod portion. At least two stop grooves are provided on the shaft rod portion, and the stop grooves are arranged adjacent to the tapered portion. The tapered portion is provided with a tightening taper surface; The expanding sleeve includes a connecting portion and a fixing portion integrally connected to the connecting portion. At least two connecting through holes are provided on the circumference of the connecting portion. The connecting portion is limited inside the positioning end by a stop bolt passing through the stop through hole, the connecting through hole in sequence and abutting against the stop groove. The fixing portion is located outside the positioning end. A tapered through hole is provided in the fixing portion, and the tapered through hole is adapted to the tapered portion. The expanding or resetting of the fixing portion is realized by the sliding of the tapered portion in the tapered through hole.

2. The clamping and positioning device for shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning end is of a hollow frustum structure. The large-end side of the hollow frustum structure is arranged close to the fixed end, and the stop through hole is arranged adjacent to the large-end side.

3. The shaft part clamping and positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stop groove is a kidney-shaped groove. The long axis direction of the kidney-shaped groove is arranged along the axial direction of the taper mandrel, and the groove width in the short axis direction of the kidney-shaped groove is the same as the diameter of the stop bolt.

4. The shaft part clamping and positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The taper mandrel further includes an abutting portion. The outer wall of the middle part of the shaft rod portion extends horizontally outward along the radial direction of the shaft rod portion to form the abutting portion.

5. The clamping and positioning device for shaft parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The clamping and positioning device for shaft parts further includes a spring. The spring is sleeved on the shaft rod portion and is located on the side of the abutting portion close to the tapered portion. One end of the spring abuts against the inner wall of the center body, and the other end of the spring abuts against the abutting portion.

6. The shaft part clamping and positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping and positioning device for shaft parts further includes a pressing plate for fixing the taper mandrel. The pressing plate is fixedly arranged inside the fixed end through a plurality of pressing plate bolts.

7. The clamping and positioning device for shaft parts according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pressing plate is provided with a first through hole and a plurality of second through holes. The plurality of second through holes are arranged around the center of the first through hole. The first through hole is adapted to the shaft rod portion, and the second through hole is adapted to the pressing plate bolt.

8. The clamping and positioning device for shaft parts according to claim 6, wherein A positioning groove is provided inside the fixed end. The positioning groove can be used to install the pressing plate. A threaded hole adapted to the pressing plate bolt is provided in the positioning groove, and the depth of the positioning groove is greater than the thickness of the pressing plate.

9. The clamping and positioning device for shaft parts according to claim 6, wherein A plurality of locking through holes are further provided on the circumference of the fixed end. The center body is fixed on the machine tool chuck by a locking bolt passing through the locking through hole and being screwed with the machine tool chuck.

10. The shaft part clamping and positioning device according to claim 9, characterized in that, Both the locking bolt and the pressing plate bolt are hexagon socket head cap screws.

Images