Charger based on multilayer power distribution matrix

Abstract

The utility model discloses a charger based on a multilayer power distribution matrix, comprising X layers of power distribution matrixes, X is a positive integer greater than 1, each layer of power distribution matrix comprises a first charging port, a second charging port and a power module, the first charging port is connected with a first end of the power module, and the second charging port is connected with a second end of the power module. The first charging port is connected with the second end of the power module. Layers are taken as basic units, each power layer is provided with two charging ports and a plurality of charging modules, only the power layers need to be added after the power units and the charging ports are added, and the added power layers are directly connected with other power layers through switches. Each charging port can achieve complete machine full power output, the number of switches is small, control logic is simple, and power calling selectivity is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of high-power chargers, in particular to a charger based on a multi-layer power distribution matrix. Background Art

[0002] In order to enhance the usage experience of electric vehicles, mainstream automobile manufacturers have been continuously increasing the charging rate of vehicles, and now the charging power of some models has reached 500 kW. With the development of technology, vehicles with even greater charging power will also be launched. To meet this demand, megawatt-level chargers have also been proposed and mass-produced. Due to the continuous popularization of electric vehicles, the number of charging piles will become a pain point in social development. Such megawatt-level chargers will not serve only one or two vehicles, but need to have multiple charging ports and the ability to charge multiple vehicles simultaneously to solve the problem of insufficient number of charging piles. The power distribution circuit generally supporting a high-power charger is a matrix circuit, and generally a full matrix power distribution circuit where each charging port is directly connected to each power unit. The full matrix power distribution circuit requires a large number of switches. For a full matrix of m charging modules and n charging ports, the number of switches required is m * n.

[0003] With the increase in the power, output ports, and charging modules of the charger, the number of switches required by the full matrix will also increase sharply, which will inevitably cause problems such as an increase in the volume of the charger, an increase in cost, a complication of the control logic, and a reduction in reliability.

[0004] Based on this, a new solution is needed. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a charger based on a multi-layer power distribution matrix.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a charger based on a multi-layer power distribution matrix, including an X-layer power distribution matrix, where X is a positive integer greater than 1. Each layer of the power distribution matrix includes a first charging port, a second charging port, and a power module. The first charging port is connected to the first end of the power module, and the first charging port is connected to the second end of the power module.

[0007] The first charging ports of the first-layer power distribution matrix are respectively connected to the first charging ports of the j-th layer power distribution matrix through switches. The first charging port of the X-th layer power distribution matrix is connected to the second charging port of the first layer power distribution matrix through a switch. The second charging ports of the first-layer power distribution matrix are respectively connected to the second charging ports of the j-th layer power distribution matrix through switches. The second charging port of the X-th layer power distribution matrix is connected to the first charging port of the first layer power distribution matrix through a switch, where j is a positive integer greater than 1 and less than X.

[0008] The first charging ports of the m-th layer power distribution matrix are respectively connected to the first charging ports of the n-th layer power distribution matrix through switches, and the second charging ports of the m-th layer power distribution matrix are respectively connected to the second charging ports of the n-th layer power distribution matrix through switches, where m is a positive integer greater than 1 and less than X, and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to m + 1 and less than or equal to X.

[0009] In the charger based on a multi-layer power distribution matrix provided by the present utility model, the power module includes Y power units, where Y is a positive integer greater than 1. The Y power units are connected in series in sequence through Y - 1 switches. The first charging port is connected to the first end of the first power unit in the power distribution matrix, the second end of the i-th power unit is connected to the first end of the (i + 1)-th power unit in the power distribution matrix, and the second end of the Y-th power unit is connected to the second charging port, where i is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Y - 1.

[0010] In the charger based on a multi-layer power distribution matrix provided by the present utility model, the switch is a contactor switch.

[0011] In the charger based on a multi-layer power distribution matrix provided by the present utility model, it further includes a charging gun connected to the first charging port and the second charging port.

[0012] The charger based on a multi-layer power distribution matrix provided by the present utility model has the following beneficial effects: The charging port of the present utility model is directly connected to one of the power units in the power layer where it is located and is directly connected to each power layer, and the charging port is no longer directly connected to each power unit, effectively solving the problem of a large number of switches in the full matrix power distribution circuit; when the charging ports and power units increase, the increase in the number of switches is not obvious, better meeting the design requirements of a multi-charging-port megawatt-level charger than the full matrix; thus, through intelligent distribution, the charging efficiency and the power call rate of each unit are improved, and each charging port can reach the full power output of the whole machine, with strong adaptability of the charging port, and any device to be charged can be charged quickly and efficiently; if the system needs to access a larger power and more charging units, only a power layer needs to be added. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained according to the provided drawings:

[0014] Figure 1The figure shows the schematic diagram of a charger based on a multi-layer power distribution matrix provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 The figure shows the schematic diagram of a charger based on a multi-layer power distribution matrix provided by an embodiment of the present invention, which includes two layers of power distribution matrices, and each power module includes two power units;

[0016] Figure 3 The figure shows the schematic diagram of a charger based on a multi-layer power distribution matrix provided by an embodiment of the present invention, which includes four layers of power distribution matrices, and each power module includes two power units;

[0017] Figure 4 The figure shows the schematic diagram of a charger based on a multi-layer power distribution matrix provided by an embodiment of the present invention, which includes four layers of power distribution matrices, and each power module includes four power units. Detailed implementation manners

[0018] For the convenience of understanding the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively below with reference to the relevant drawings. The typical embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs. The terms used in the description of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0020] Figure 1 The figure shows the structural schematic diagram of a charger based on a multi-layer power distribution matrix provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 1 As shown, the charger based on a multi-layer power distribution matrix provided by the present invention includes X layers of power distribution matrices, where X is a positive integer greater than 1. Each layer of the power distribution matrix includes a first charging port (for example, first charging port 11, first charging port 21, first charging port j1, first charging port X1), a second charging port (for example, second charging port 12, second charging port 22, second charging port j2, second charging port X2), and a power module (for example, power module 10, power module 20, power module j0, power module X0). The first charging port is connected to the first end of the power module, and the second charging port is connected to the second end of the power module. The charging port is used to transmit electric energy to the backend device (such as an electric vehicle, a charging terminal).

[0021] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first charging ports of the first-layer power distribution matrix are respectively connected to the first charging ports of the j-th layer power distribution matrix through switches, the first charging ports of the X-th layer power distribution matrix are connected to the second charging ports of the first-layer power distribution matrix through switches, the second charging ports of the first-layer power distribution matrix are respectively connected to the second charging ports of the j-th layer power distribution matrix through switches, and the second charging ports of the X-th layer power distribution matrix are connected to the first charging ports of the first-layer power distribution matrix through switches, where j is a positive integer greater than 1 and less than X. For example, in the embodiment shown as Figure 2 , the first charging port of the first-layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 2 the 1# charging port in Figure 2 ) is connected to the first charging port of the second-layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 2 the 3# charging port in Figure 2 ) through switch 4; the second charging port of the first-layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 3 the 2# charging port in Figure 4 ) is connected to the second charging port of the second-layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 3 the 4# charging port in Figure 2 ) through switch 2. Another example, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the first charging port of the first-layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 3 the 1# charging port in Figure 2 ) is connected to the first charging port of the second-layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 2 the 3# charging port in Figure 3 ) through switch 4; the first charging port of the first-layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 3 the 1# charging port in Figure 3 ) is connected to the first charging port of the third-layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 3 the 5# charging port in Figure 3 ) through switch 13; the first charging port of the fourth-layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 3 the 7# charging port in Figure 3 ) is connected to the second charging port of the first-layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 3 the 2# charging port in Figure 3 ) through switch 11; the second charging port of the first-layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 3 the 2# charging port in Figure 3 ) is connected to the second charging port of the second-layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 3 the 4# charging port in Figure 3 ) through switch 2; the second charging port of the first-layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 3 the 2# charging port in Figure 3 ) is connected to the second charging port of the third-layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 3 the 6# charging port in Figure 3 ) through switch 16; the second charging port of the fourth-layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 3 the 8# charging port in Figure 3 ) is connected to the first charging port of the first-layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 3 the 1# charging port in

[0022] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first charging ports of the m-th layer power distribution matrix are respectively connected to the first charging ports of the n-th layer power distribution matrix through switches, and the second charging ports of the m-th layer power distribution matrix are respectively connected to the second charging ports of the n-th layer power distribution matrix through switches, where m is a positive integer greater than 1 and less than X, and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to m + 1 and less than or equal to X. For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the first charging port of the second layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 3 the 3# charging port in it) is connected to the first charging port of the third layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 3 the 5# charging port in it) through switch 7; the first charging port of the second layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 3 the 3# charging port in it) is connected to the first charging port of the fourth layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 3 the 7# charging port in it) through switch 12; the first charging port of the third layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 3 the 5# charging port in it) is connected to the first charging port of the fourth layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 3 the 7# charging port in it) through switch 10; the second charging port of the second layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 3 the 4# charging port in it) is connected to the second charging port of the third layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 3 the 6# charging port in it) through switch 5; the second charging port of the second layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 3 the 4# charging port in it) is connected to the second charging port of the fourth layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 3 the 8# charging port in it) through switch 15; the second charging port of the third layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 3 the 6# charging port in it) is connected to the second charging port of the fourth layer power distribution matrix ( Figure 3 the 8# charging port in it) through switch 8.

[0023] The power distribution matrix provided by the present invention can reduce power dead zones and improve power utilization rate. In the present invention, each charging port has a power unit that does not require switch isolation, such as Figure 2 、 3The #1 power unit corresponding to the #1 charging port shown in FIGS. 4. Therefore, the #1 power unit is defined as the default allocated power unit for the #1 charging port. When the #1 port outputs, the #1 power unit must allocate power to the #1 charging port; the same applies to other charging ports and their corresponding default allocated power units. Therefore, the power call logic of this design is as follows: when one of the charging ports needs to call power, the power of the default allocated power unit (#1 power unit corresponding to the #1 charging port) is called first; if the required power gradually increases, the other idle power units in its power layer (#1 power layer where the #1 charging port is located) are called first, and then the other idle power units in the adjacent power layers (#2 and #4 power layers adjacent to the #1 charging port) are called, and finally the power units in the power layer outside the adjacent power layers (#3 power layer) are called. The call logic of other charging ports is similar, realizing the function of a charging port calling all power units.

[0024] According to the charging characteristics of the vehicle, when several vehicles are charging on the same device, the batteries of several vehicles must be isolated by switches to avoid charging failure or battery damage due to different required voltages or voltage differences between batteries. This situation is reflected in this circuit as follows: when charging ports 1 and 2 both have power output, switch 1 will definitely open. Similarly, if the charging ports in adjacent power layers all have outputs, for example, as Figure 3 and 4 shown, when charging ports #3, #4, #5, #6, #7, #8 output power, the power units in the #1 power layer are idle, and when the charging ports only call the power units in their own power layer, switches 2 to 16 must be open. At this time, when the charging ports in the #3 power layer have a greater power request, the system only needs to close switches 13 and 16 to call the idle power units in the #1 power layer across the power layer, avoiding the disconnection of the power call channel caused by the power output of the output ports in adjacent power layers. In this application, the connection switches between non-adjacent power layers, such as switches 12, 13, 15, 16, are called cross-power layer switches. The addition of cross-power layer switches effectively improves the utilization rate of power units and reduces power dead zones.

[0025] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, the power module includes Y power units, where Y is a positive integer greater than 1. The Y power units are connected in series through Y - 1 switches in sequence. The first charging port is connected to the first end of the first power unit in the power distribution matrix. The second end of the i-th power unit is connected to the first end of the (i + 1)-th power unit in the power distribution matrix. The second end of the Y-th power unit is connected to the second charging port, and i is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Y - 1. For example, as Figure 2As shown, the power module 10 includes a first power unit and a second power unit, which are connected to each other. The first end of the first power unit is the first charging port of the power module 10. The second end of the first power unit is connected to the first end of the second power unit through switch 1. The second end of the second power unit is the second charging port of the power module 10. The situation of the power module 20 is the same as that of the power module 10. For another example, as Figure 4 shown, the power module 10 includes a first power unit, a second power unit, a third power unit, and a fourth power unit that are connected in series in sequence, and are connected in series through switches to each other. The first end of the first power unit is the first charging port of the power module 10. The second end of the fourth power unit is the second charging port of the power module 10. Those skilled in the art can understand that in Figure 2 - 4 the shown embodiment, the number of power units included in each power module is the same. In other embodiments, the number of power units included in the power modules of each layer of the power distribution matrix can also be the same. The present invention is not limited thereto, as long as it is ensured that the multiple power units are connected in series, the first end of the first power unit in each layer of the power distribution matrix is the first charging port, and the second end of the last power unit is the second charging port. For example, the power module of the first layer of the power distribution matrix includes 2 power units, the power module of the second layer of the power distribution matrix includes 3 power units, and the power module of the third layer of the power distribution matrix includes 4 power units.

[0026] Figure 2 Shown is the schematic diagram of a charger based on a multi-layer power distribution matrix provided by an embodiment of the present invention, which includes two layers of power distribution matrices, and each power module includes two power units. As Figure 2 shown, each power layer of this power distribution matrix is at least composed of a #1 power unit and a #2 power unit. A power matrix is at least composed of two power layers, namely a #1 power layer and a #2 power layer. The switch separates and couples the respective power units within the power layer and the power units between the layers. A simplest two-layer power matrix can be configured with at most four charging ports, namely #1, #2, #3, and #4. The charging ports are used to transmit electric energy to the backend devices (such as electric vehicles, charging terminals). Each charging port of each layer can be connected to all power units through switches. As Figure 2 For the #1 charging port, closing switches 1, 3, and 4 can call the power of the four power units. Between the layers, as Figure 2 closing switches 2 and 4 can realize the mutual call of the power of the #1 and #2 power layers; using two channels between the #1 and #2 power layers can enable the power to be shunted, which can significantly reduce the switch capacity, reduce the volume, and reduce the cost.

[0027] Figure 3The figure shows the schematic diagram of a charger based on a multi-layer power distribution matrix provided by an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a 4-layer power distribution matrix, and each power module includes two power units. As Figure 3 shown, this four-layer matrix is extended from the Figure 2 #1 and #2 power layers to a four-layer power distribution matrix composed of four power layers: #1, #2, #3, and #4. Similar to the two-layer power distribution matrix, each charging port of the four-layer power distribution matrix can call the power of all power units by closing the corresponding switches. As Figure 3 shown, for the #1 charging port, closing switches 1, 3, 4, 6, 9, 13, and 14 can call the power of all charging units. For the #2 charging port, closing switches 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 11, and 16 can call the power of all charging units. Similarly, for the #3, #4, #5, #6, #7, and #8 charging ports, at least seven switches need to be closed to call the charging units in the power layer where they are located and other power layers, reducing the complexity of the control logic.

[0028] Figure 4 The figure shows the schematic diagram of a charger based on a multi-layer power distribution matrix provided by an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a 4-layer power distribution matrix, and each power module includes four power units. As Figure 4 shown, divide the Figure 3 power units into two. For example, split the #1 power unit into Figure 4 the #1 and #2 power units of Figure 4 , split the #2 power unit into Figure 4 the #3 and #4 power units of Figure 3 , and the splitting method of power units in other power layers is similar. The split power units are then isolated by switches, such as Figure 4 switches 17 and 18, and the method of adding new switches in other power layers is similar. The adjusted four-layer power distribution matrix is upgraded from the original 8 power units to 16 power units, and each power unit is composed of two common 40kW power modules on the market. Therefore, the capacity of a four-layer power distribution matrix is 1280kW, meeting the future megawatt-level ultra-fast charging requirements. The two power units in each power layer are split into four power units. Under the function of covering the Figure 3 four-layer power distribution matrix, the power of each power layer can be made more precise and selectively called. Figure 3 Each charging port of the matrix occupies at least 1 / 8 of the total system power. Once each charging port has an output, the system will allocate the total power in units of 1 / 8 to each charging port. When the power demand of the charging port is less than 1 / 8 of the total system power or the called power is very small, it often causes excessive occupation of the power units. Other charging ports need more power but cannot call the idle power, making it difficult to meet the requirements of precise and selective power calling. To solve this problem, make Figure 4In the improvement shown, after the power unit is subdivided, each charging port occupies a minimum of 1 / 16 of the total system power. Taking the total system power of 1280 kW as an example, the minimum power of a single power unit called is 80 kW, covering the charging power of more vehicle models.

[0029] Taking Figure 4 the output of charging port #1 as an example, the power call logic of this structure is as follows: when the load demand of charging port #1 is less than 80 kW, the power of power unit #1 is called first. When the power request continues to increase, the power units #2, #3, and #4 in the current power layer are gradually allocated to charging port #1. After that, the power units in the adjacent power layers (the #2 and #4 power layers adjacent to charging port #1) are called, and finally the power units in the other power layers outside the adjacent power layers (the #3 power layer) are called to achieve the efficient utilization of the system power. It can be seen that when Figure 4 using a full matrix for the 16 charging units and 8 output ports, the number of switches required is 128, while the number of switches required in this application is 24. While significantly reducing the number of switches, it can also ensure a high degree of power distribution rationality and selectivity, and meet the requirements of megawatt-level charging.

[0030] In the specification provided here, a large number of specific details are described. However, it can be understood that the embodiments of the present utility model can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and technologies are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0031] Similarly, it should be understood that in order to streamline this disclosure and help understand one or more of the various aspects of the utility model, in the above description of the exemplary embodiments of the utility model, the various features of the utility model are sometimes grouped together into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, the disclosed method should not be construed as reflecting the intention that the claimed utility model requires more features than those expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as reflected in the following claims, the aspects of the utility model lie in less than all the features of the single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into the detailed description, where each claim itself serves as a separate embodiment of the present utility model.

[0032] In addition, those skilled in the art can understand that although some embodiments herein include certain features included in other embodiments rather than other features, the combination of features of different embodiments means that it is within the scope of the present utility model and forms different embodiments. For example, in the following claims, any one of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.

[0033] It should be noted that the above embodiments illustrate the present invention rather than limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The present invention can be implemented by means of hardware including several different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims listing several devices, several of these devices may be embodied by the same item of hardware. The use of the words first, second, and third, etc. does not denote any order. These words may be interpreted as names.

Claims

1. A charger based on a multi-layer power distribution matrix, characterized in that Including an X-layer power distribution matrix, where X is a positive integer greater than 1. Each layer of the power distribution matrix includes a first charging port, a second charging port, and a power module. The first charging port is connected to the first end of the power module, and the first charging port is connected to the second end of the power module. The first charging ports of the first-layer power distribution matrix are respectively connected to the first charging ports of the j-layer power distribution matrix through switches. The first charging port of the X-layer power distribution matrix is connected to the second charging port of the first-layer power distribution matrix through a switch. The second charging ports of the first-layer power distribution matrix are respectively connected to the second charging ports of the j-layer power distribution matrix through switches. The second charging port of the X-layer power distribution matrix is connected to the first charging port of the first-layer power distribution matrix through a switch, where j is a positive integer greater than 1 and less than X. The first charging ports of the m-layer power distribution matrix are respectively connected to the first charging ports of the n-layer power distribution matrix through switches. The second charging ports of the m-layer power distribution matrix are respectively connected to the second charging ports of the n-layer power distribution matrix through switches, where m is a positive integer greater than 1 and less than X, and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to m + 1 and less than or equal to X.

2. The charger based on the multi-layer power distribution matrix according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power module includes Y power units, where Y is a positive integer greater than 1. The Y power units are connected in series in sequence through Y - 1 switches. The first charging port is connected to the first end of the first power unit in the power distribution matrix. The second end of the i-th power unit is connected to the first end of the (i + 1)-th power unit in the power distribution matrix. The second end of the Y-th power unit is connected to the second charging port, where i is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to Y - 1.

3. The charger based on the multi-layer power distribution matrix according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The switch is a contactor switch.

4. The charger based on the multi-layer power distribution matrix according to claim 3, characterized in that, It further includes a charging gun connected to the first charging port and the second charging port.

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