Sectional circulating water spraying cooling device for furnace top of blast furnace

Abstract

The utility model discloses a blast furnace top sectional circulating water spraying cooling device which comprises a furnace shell and an annular pipe concentrically arranged outside the furnace shell, a plurality of spraying pipes are evenly distributed on the circumference of the inner side of the furnace shell, a plurality of spraying holes are evenly machined in the upper half portions of the spraying pipes in a furnace throat, and an inner extending pipe is arranged below the annular pipe. A sealing chamber communicated with the interior of the furnace throat is arranged on the side wall of the furnace throat above the annular pipe, an air cylinder is arranged on the sealing chamber, a piston rod of the air cylinder extends into the sealing chamber and then is provided with a connecting rod, a supporting ring is arranged in the furnace throat above the spraying pipe, and the connecting rod is connected with the supporting ring. A plurality of half pipes with open lower ends are evenly distributed on the circumference of the supporting ring, the half pipes and the spraying pipes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, a transverse rod is arranged on the inner side of the supporting ring, a dust blocking cover is arranged on the transverse rod above the nozzles, and an annular plate is arranged on the inner extending pipe below the nozzles. In conclusion, the cooling device has the advantages of being not easy to block, uniform in cooling and good in cooling effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of blast furnace top cooling, and particularly relates to a segmented circulating water spraying cooling device for a blast furnace top. Background Technique

[0002] During the smelting process of a blast furnace, preheated air at 1000°C - 1200°C is blown in to form initial gas at about 2200°C. After the initial gas completes heat exchange with the burden in the blast furnace, the temperature drops to 100°C - 200°C. When the charging system of the blast furnace fails to charge, resulting in a low stock line, or when the gas flow distribution inside the blast furnace is abnormally distributed, causing caving and pipe flow, the temperature of the top gas will rise rapidly. When it exceeds 300°C, water spraying cooling of the top is required to protect the top equipment from being burned out. The existing water spraying cooling device for a blast furnace top generally consists of a high-pressure water pipeline, a nitrogen blowing pipeline, and a water spray gun. The structure of the water spray gun is a sleeve type, which is divided into an inner pipe and an outer pipe with a concentric structure. The inner pipe is a water passage through which high-pressure water passes when water needs to be sprayed and is an empty pipe when water spraying is not required. The space between the outer pipe and the inner pipe is a nitrogen channel, through which high-pressure nitrogen is continuously passed. After being fully atomized by the atomizing device at the gun head of the water spray gun, it is evenly sprayed into the furnace to cool the burden and gas, and reduce the temperature of the blast furnace top.

[0003] The existing water spraying cooling device for a blast furnace top also has the following problems during use: First, since the blast furnace gas is rich in dust, when water is not sprayed, there is no pressure medium such as high-pressure water flow in the inner pipe, and it is in a hollow state with the pipe orifice open. Although it is closed and purged by the outer pipe nitrogen, it is inevitable that dust will enter after a long time without water spraying, causing blockage at the front end of the inner pipe, affecting the normal progress of water spraying cooling, and consuming a large amount of nitrogen, resulting in high use costs. Second, due to structural reasons, the water spraying of the water spray gun is unevenly distributed in each area of the cross-section of the blast furnace, resulting in problems such as uneven cooling and poor cooling effect. Therefore, it is objectively necessary to develop a segmented circulating water spraying cooling device for a blast furnace top that is not easily blocked, has uniform cooling, and good cooling effect. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a segmented circulating water spraying cooling device for a blast furnace top that is not easily blocked, has uniform cooling, and good cooling effect.

[0005] The object of the present utility model is achieved as follows. It includes a furnace shell and an annular pipe concentrically arranged outside the furnace shell. A water inlet pipe is arranged on the outer side of the annular pipe, and a number of spray pipes are evenly distributed along the inner circumference. After the end of the spray pipe extends into the throat of the furnace shell, a plug plate is provided. A number of spray holes are evenly machined on the upper half of the spray pipe in the throat of the furnace. An inner extension pipe is arranged below the annular pipe. After the end of the inner extension pipe extends into the center of the throat of the furnace and bends upward, a nozzle is provided. On the side wall of the throat of the furnace above the annular pipe, a sealing chamber communicating with the inside of the throat of the furnace is provided. A cylinder is arranged on the sealing chamber. After the piston rod of the cylinder extends into the sealing chamber, a connecting rod is provided. A support ring is arranged in the throat of the furnace above the spray pipe. The connecting rod is connected to the support ring. A number of half pipes with open lower ends are evenly distributed along the circumference of the support ring. The half pipes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the spray pipes. A cross bar is arranged inside the support ring. A dust shield is arranged on the cross bar above the nozzle. A ring plate is arranged on the inner extension pipe below the nozzle.

[0006] Further, high-temperature resistant flexible layers are arranged on the lower surface of the half pipe and the upper surface of the ring plate.

[0007] Further, a temperature sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the upper part of the throat of the furnace, and solenoid valves are arranged on both the water inlet pipe and the inner extension pipe.

[0008] Further, the aperture diameter of the spray holes gradually becomes smaller in the direction from the side wall of the throat of the furnace to the center of the throat of the furnace.

[0009] Further, the number of the sealing chambers is 3 - 8, and they are evenly arranged along the circumference of the throat of the furnace.

[0010] Further, the effective flow cross-sectional area of the spray holes gradually shrinks from the inside to the outside of the spray pipe.

[0011] The utility model is used for cooling the top of a blast furnace. All the spray pipes are grouped. When grouping, it is ensured that each spray pipe in each group is evenly arranged along the circumference of the furnace throat. When spraying water on the top of the blast furnace, each group of spray pipes is sequentially and separately enabled. During the entire water spraying and cooling process, each group of spray pipes is continuously recycled. It is also possible to simultaneously use a combination of two or more groups. Just cycle and open all the spray pipes. When necessary, all the spray pipes can also be enabled simultaneously, which is determined according to the cooling requirement of the blast furnace top. Specifically, when spraying water for cooling, on the one hand, high-pressure water is introduced into the water inlet pipe. The water enters the annular pipe and is divided, flowing into each spray pipe respectively, and then spraying out from the spray holes on the spray pipe. After the water is sprayed out, it is atomized into fine water droplets, thus forming a relatively large and evenly distributed water mist in the upper part of the blast furnace top. The water mist falls downward under the action of its own gravity and contacts the upward flowing blast furnace gas reversely. The water mist absorbs the heat in the gas and vaporizes, is discharged from the top of the blast furnace and takes away the heat in the blast furnace, reducing the temperature of the blast furnace top. On the other hand, high-pressure water is simultaneously introduced into the inner extension pipe. The water flows out from the nozzle to form a water mist. The principle is the same as above, absorbing the heat inside the top of the blast furnace and then reducing the temperature. All in all, the spray pipes are mainly used for cooling the outer circumferential area inside the blast furnace, while the nozzles are used for cooling the middle area inside the blast furnace. The two are combined with each other, enabling the water mist to be evenly distributed on the cross-section of the entire blast furnace top, and then evenly cooling the blast furnace top, with a good cooling effect. Secondly, the utility model is provided with a semi-tube with an open lower end and a dust shield. When not spraying water, the cylinder drives the connecting rod, the support ring, the semi-tube and the dust shield to move downward in sequence until the semi-tube abuts against the spray pipe and the dust shield covers the nozzle. At this time, the semi-tube fits with the upper half of the spray pipe, separating the blast furnace gas from the spray holes, preventing dust in the blast furnace gas from entering the spray holes and the spray pipe to cause blockage. At the same time, the lower end of the dust shield abuts against the ring plate, separating the blast furnace gas from the nozzle, preventing dust in the blast furnace gas from blocking the nozzle. On the contrary, when water spraying and cooling is required, the cylinder can drive the semi-tube and the dust shield to move upward and reset. In addition, the utility model does not consume nitrogen, and components such as the semi-tube and the dust shield can be continuously reused for a long time, reducing the use cost. To sum up, the utility model has the advantages of not being easily blocked, uniform cooling and good cooling effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0013] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the semi-tube 11 and the spray pipe 3 in the utility model;

[0014] In the figure: 1 - annular pipe, 2 - water inlet pipe, 3 - spray pipe, 4 - furnace throat, 5 - spray hole, 6 - inner extension pipe, 7 - nozzle, 8 - sealing chamber, 9 - cylinder, 10 - support ring, 11 - half pipe, 12 - ring plate, 13 - high-temperature resistant flexible layer, 14 - temperature sensor, 15 - solenoid valve, 16 - dust shield. Detailed implementation mode

[0015] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited in any way. Any changes or improvements made based on the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0016] As Figures 1-2 shown, the present invention includes a furnace shell and an annular pipe 1 concentrically arranged outside the furnace shell. A water inlet pipe 2 is arranged outside the annular pipe 1, and a plurality of spray pipes 3 are evenly distributed on the inner circumference. After the end of the spray pipe 3 extends into the furnace throat 4 of the furnace shell, a plug plate is arranged, and the spray pipe 3 is fixed on the side wall of the furnace throat 4. A plurality of spray holes 5 are evenly processed on the upper half of the spray pipe 3 in the furnace throat 4. An inner extension pipe 6 is arranged below the annular pipe 1. After the end of the inner extension pipe 6 extends into the center of the furnace throat 4 and bends upward, a nozzle 7 is arranged, and the inner extension pipe 6 is fixed on the side wall of the furnace throat 4. A sealing chamber 8 communicating with the inside of the furnace throat 4 is arranged on the side wall of the furnace throat 4 above the annular pipe 1. A cylinder 9 is arranged on the sealing chamber 8. After the piston rod of the cylinder 9 extends into the sealing chamber 8, a connecting rod is arranged. A support ring 10 is arranged in the furnace throat 4 above the spray pipe 3. The connecting rod is connected to the support ring 10. A plurality of half pipes 11 with open lower ends are evenly distributed on the circumference of the support ring 10. The half pipes 11 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the spray pipes 3. The length of the half pipe 11 can completely cover all the spray holes 5 on the spray pipe 3. A cross bar is arranged inside the support ring 10. A dust shield 16 is arranged on the cross bar above the nozzle 7. A ring plate 12 is arranged on the inner extension pipe 6 below the nozzle 7. The outer diameter of the ring plate 12 is larger than the diameter of the dust shield 16.

[0017] The present invention is used for cooling the top of the blast furnace. All the spray pipes 3 are pre-grouped. When grouping, it should be ensured that each spray pipe 3 in each group is evenly arranged along the circumference of the furnace throat 4, so that the water mist can be evenly dispersed over the entire cross-section of the furnace throat 4. When spraying water on the top of the blast furnace, each group of spray pipes 3 is sequentially and separately activated. During the entire water spraying and cooling process, each group of spray pipes 3 is continuously recycled. It is also possible to use a combination of two or more groups at the same time. Just cycle and turn on all the spray pipes 3. When necessary, when an accident occurs and the temperature of the top of the blast furnace is too high, all the spray pipes 3 can also be activated at the same time for rapid and efficient cooling. The actual number of spray pipes 3 to be activated is determined according to the cooling requirement of the top of the blast furnace.

[0018] Specifically, when water spraying for temperature reduction is carried out, on the one hand, high-pressure water is introduced into the water inlet pipe 2. The water enters the annular pipe 1 for shunt, and respectively flows into each spray pipe 3, and then sprays out from the spray holes 5 on the spray pipe 3. After the water sprays out, it is atomized into fine water droplets, so as to form a relatively large and evenly distributed water mist in the upper part of the blast furnace top. The water mist falls downward under the action of its own gravity, and makes reverse contact with the blast furnace gas in the rising state. After the water mist absorbs the heat in the gas, it vaporizes, is discharged from the blast furnace top and takes away the heat in the blast furnace, reducing the temperature of the blast furnace top. On the other hand, high-pressure water is simultaneously introduced into the inner extension pipe 6. The water flow sprays out from the nozzle 7 to form a water mist. The principle is the same as above, absorbing the heat inside the blast furnace top and then reducing the temperature. All in all, the spray pipe 3 is mainly used for cooling the outer circumferential area inside the blast furnace, while the nozzle 7 is used for cooling the middle area inside the blast furnace. The two are combined with each other, enabling the water mist to be evenly distributed on the cross-section of the entire blast furnace top, and then uniformly cooling the blast furnace top, with a better temperature reduction effect. Secondly, the present utility model is provided with a half pipe 11 with an open lower end and a dust shield 16. When water spraying is not carried out, the air cylinder 9 drives the connecting rod, the support ring 10, the half pipe 11 and the dust shield 16 to move downward in sequence until the half pipe 11 abuts against the spray pipe 3, and the dust shield 16 covers the nozzle 7. At this time, the lower half of the half pipe 11 fits with the upper half of the spray pipe 7, separating the blast furnace gas from the spray hole 5, preventing the dust in the blast furnace gas from entering the spray hole 5 and the spray pipe 3 to cause blockage. At the same time, the lower end of the dust shield 16 abuts against the ring plate 12, separating the blast furnace gas from the nozzle 7, preventing the dust in the blast furnace gas from blocking the nozzle 7. On the contrary, when water spraying for temperature reduction is needed, the air cylinder 9 drives the half pipe 11 and the dust shield 16 to move upward to a specified height, as long as it does not affect the water mist sprayed out from the spray hole 5 and the nozzle 7. In addition, the present utility model does not consume nitrogen, and components such as the half pipe 11 and the dust shield 16 can be continuously reused for a long time, reducing the use cost.

[0019] The lower surface of the half pipe 11 and the upper surface of the ring plate 12 are both provided with a high-temperature resistant flexible layer 13. The high-temperature resistant flexible layer 13 is made of existing materials, has the performance of high-temperature resistance, and has a certain flexible deformation ability. When it is arranged on the lower surface of the half pipe 11, when the half pipe 11 is closely attached to the upper half of the spray pipe 3, the high-temperature resistant flexible layer 13 will undergo a certain deformation, having a better degree of fit with the outer wall of the spray pipe 3, preventing the blast furnace dust from entering the spray hole 5 from the gap between the half pipe 11 and the spray pipe 3. Similarly, when the dust shield 16 is closely attached to the ring plate 12, the lower end of the dust shield 16 presses the high-temperature resistant flexible layer 13, making it undergo a certain deformation, having a better degree of fit, and preventing the blast furnace gas from entering the inside of the dust shield 16 and causing blockage of the nozzle 7.

[0020] A temperature sensor 14 is provided on the inner wall of the upper part of the furnace throat 4. Solenoid valves 15 are provided on both the water inlet pipe 2 and the inner extension pipe 6. The temperature sensor 14 and the solenoid valves 15 are existing instruments. The temperature sensor 14 is used to detect the gas temperature in the upper part of the furnace throat 4 at the top of the blast furnace. When the detected temperature is too high, the water flow rate is increased by the solenoid valve 15 to improve the cooling effect of the gas and enhance the cooling effect. Conversely, when the detected temperature is too low, the water flow rate is decreased by the solenoid valve 15 to reduce the temperature of the blast furnace gas to the required range, saving water resources and preventing the water from falling into the high-temperature area at the lower part of the blast furnace and being decomposed to produce hydrogen. If too much hydrogen accumulates, it will cause an explosion in the furnace, resulting in the collapse of the furnace lining and further causing accidents.

[0021] The aperture of the spray holes 5 gradually decreases from the side wall of the furnace throat 4 to the center of the furnace throat 4. In the present invention, the spray holes 5 are used to spray water mist to cool the blast furnace gas. The spray holes 5 can be regarded as being distributed on several circles with the center of the blast furnace as the center. The closer these circles are to the center of the blast furnace, the smaller the radius. Conversely, the farther away from the center of the blast furnace, the larger the radius. The spray holes 5 are evenly arranged in the upper half of the spray pipe 3, and the amount of water mist sprayed from each spray hole 5 is quite the same. Then the following problem will occur: In the part closer to the center of the blast furnace, due to the sufficient amount of water mist, the blast furnace gas can be cooled better. However, in the part farther away from the center of the blast furnace, as the radius of the distribution circle of the spray holes 5 gradually increases, the area that needs to be cooled increases, but since the amount of water mist does not increase, the blast furnace gas far from the center of the blast furnace cannot be cooled well. To solve this problem, the aperture of the spray holes 5 can be made to gradually decrease from the side wall of the furnace throat 4 to the center of the furnace throat 4. In this way, a relatively small amount of water mist is sprayed in the part close to the center of the blast furnace, and a relatively large amount of water mist is sprayed in the part far from the center of the blast furnace, meeting the water mist amount requirements for cooling the blast furnace gas in each part, neither wasting water nor achieving a better cooling effect on the blast furnace gas, so that the gas discharged from the top of the blast furnace can be effectively cooled.

[0022] The number of the sealing chambers 8 is 3 to 8, and they are evenly arranged along the circumference of the furnace throat 4. The sealing chambers 8 communicate with the furnace throat 4, and their function is to install the cylinders 9, facilitating the up and down movement of the support ring 10 driven by the cylinders 9. If only one or two cylinders 9 are provided, then they can only be connected to both sides of the support ring 10. As the smelting time of the blast furnace extends, problems such as deformation and skew of the support ring 10 may occur. To prevent the above problems, the number of cylinders 9 is not less than 3, and generally 3 to 8 can be set. The specific number can be determined according to the actual situations such as the diameter of the blast furnace and the temperature change during smelting, as long as the cooling demand at the top of the blast furnace is met.

[0023] In the present utility model, after water flows into the nozzle 3, it sprays out from the spray holes 5 to form fine water mist. In order to improve the efficiency of water mist formation and the distribution range within the throat 4 of the furnace, the effective flow cross-sectional area of the spray holes 5 gradually decreases from the inner side to the outer side of the nozzle 3. The water flows within the spray holes 5. As the effective flow cross-sectional area continuously decreases, the water flow velocity will continuously increase. On the one hand, when the water sprays out from the spray holes 5, it will spray out a farther distance, thereby covering a larger range, increasing the contact area between the water mist and the blast furnace gas, and improving the cooling efficiency of the blast furnace top. On the other hand, when the water sprays out, it can form smaller and more water mists, thereby increasing the contact probability between the water mist and the blast furnace gas, and similarly improving the cooling effect of the blast furnace top.

Claims

1. A blast furnace top segmented circulating water spraying cooling device, comprising a furnace shell and an annular pipe (1) concentrically arranged outside the furnace shell, characterized in that : A water inlet pipe (2) is arranged on the outer side of the annular pipe (1), and a number of spray pipes (3) are evenly distributed on the inner circumference. A plug plate is arranged after the end of the spray pipe (3) extends into the throat (4) of the furnace shell. A number of spray holes (5) are evenly machined on the upper half of the spray pipe (3) in the throat (4). An inner extension pipe (6) is arranged below the annular pipe (1). The end of the inner extension pipe (6) extends into the center of the throat (4) and is bent upward to be provided with a nozzle (7). A sealing chamber (8) communicating with the inside of the throat (4) is arranged on the side wall of the throat (4) above the annular pipe (1). A cylinder (9) is arranged on the sealing chamber (8). A connecting rod is arranged after the piston rod of the cylinder (9) extends into the sealing chamber (8). A support ring (10) is arranged in the throat (4) above the spray pipe (3). The connecting rod is connected with the support ring (10). A number of half pipes (11) with open lower ends are evenly distributed on the circumference of the support ring (10). The half pipes (11) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the spray pipes (3). A cross bar is arranged on the inner side of the support ring (10). A dust shield (16) is arranged on the cross bar above the nozzle (7). A ring plate (12) is arranged on the inner extension pipe (6) below the nozzle (7).

2. The segmented cyclic water spraying cooling device for the blast furnace top according to claim 1, characterized in that : A high-temperature resistant flexible layer (13) is arranged on the lower surface of the half pipe (11) and the upper surface of the ring plate (12).

3. The segmented circulating water spraying and cooling device for the blast furnace top according to claim 1, characterized in that : A temperature sensor (14) is arranged on the inner wall of the upper part of the throat (4). Solenoid valves (15) are arranged on both the water inlet pipe (2) and the inner extension pipe (6).

4. The segmented cyclic water spraying and temperature reduction device for the blast furnace top according to claim 1, wherein : The aperture diameter of the spray hole (5) gradually becomes smaller along the direction from the side wall of the throat (4) to the center of the throat (4).

5. The segmented circulating water spraying cooling device for blast furnace top according to claim 1, characterized in that : The number of the sealing chambers (8) is 3 to 8, and they are evenly arranged along the circumference of the throat (4).

6. The segmented circulating water spraying and cooling device for blast furnace top according to claim 1, characterized in that : The effective flow cross-sectional area of the spray hole (5) gradually shrinks from the inner side to the outer side of the spray pipe (3).

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