Shell type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupling solar heating system
By designing a shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system, using nuclear energy and solar energy to heat steam, improving steam parameters, and optimizing system operation, the problem of low energy utilization is solved and efficient heating and power generation is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422132497.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-02
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-04
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-02
AI Technical Summary
The existing combined nuclear and solar power generation systems do not have high energy utilization rates for the entire system.
Design a shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system, including power generation system, nuclear energy heating system, solar energy heating system and heating system, heat exchange with heat exchange stations through heat exchangers, use nuclear energy and solar energy to heat steam, improve steam parameters, and combine with large-capacity heat storage system to achieve stable output of power generation load.
It improves the energy utilization rate of the system, optimizes the system operation efficiency, improves heating capacity and power generation efficiency, reduces the power consumption of the plant, reduces the frequency of electric heating tracing, and improves the economics of the power station.
Smart Images
Figure CN223063829U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of new energy and renewable energy application, in particular to a shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled with solar energy heating system. Background Art
[0002] Achieving the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, namely the "dual carbon" goals, is a systemic change in the economic and social system with far-reaching impact. In this process, we need to accelerate the construction of a new energy system and steadily and actively promote the safe and orderly development of nuclear power. On the road to my country's "dual carbon" goals, the comprehensive utilization of nuclear energy is ushering in unprecedented major development opportunities. The expansion of the nuclear energy industry is gradually shifting from the traditional single power generation function to modern diversification, covering not only residential area heating, but also industrial process steam supply and other fields. This transformation marks the gorgeous transformation of nuclear energy from a "single player" to an "all-round player."
[0003] Shell-type low-temperature nuclear heating reactor is an advanced reactor developed by my country with independent intellectual property rights. It has the characteristics of high safety, multi-purpose, mature technology, high degree of independence, good site adaptability, easy equipment transportation and strong economic competitiveness. In addition, the heating parameters of this type of small reactor are relatively high, and the NHR200-Ⅱ can also provide steam.
[0004] Combining the shell-type low-temperature nuclear heating reactor with solar thermal utilization technology can effectively optimize the system's operating efficiency. This move can not only fully develop and utilize the restricted development area around the nuclear power plant, thereby improving land use efficiency, but also significantly improve the heating capacity in winter; in summer, this technology can also be used for heat supplementary power generation, thereby reducing plant power consumption and further improving power generation efficiency. However, the existing nuclear and solar combined power generation system does not utilize the energy of the entire system at a high enough rate. Utility Model Content
[0005] In view of this, in order to solve the problem that the existing nuclear energy and solar energy combined power generation system has insufficient utilization rate of the energy of the entire system, the utility model proposes a shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled with a solar energy heating system.
[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
[0007] A shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled with solar heating system, comprising:
[0008] A power generation system, the power generation system comprising a steam generator, a superheater, a condenser, a steam turbine and a generator, the steam outlet of the steam turbine, the condenser, the steam generator, the superheater and the steam inlet of the steam turbine are connected in sequence, the steam turbine is connected to the generator and supplies energy to the generator;
[0009] A nuclear energy heating system, which is connected to the steam generator and can heat the cooling water in the steam generator into saturated steam;
[0010] A solar energy heating system, which is connected to the superheater and can heat the saturated steam in the superheater into superheated steam;
[0011] A heating system, which includes a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger has a hot water channel and a cold water channel. The inlet of the hot water channel is communicated with the extraction steam outlet of the steam turbine, and the outlet of the hot water channel is communicated with the outlet of the condenser; the cold water channel is communicated with the heat exchange station.
[0012] As a preferred scheme of the above-mentioned shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system, the heating system further includes a condensate pump. The input end of the condensate pump is connected to the hot water channel of the heat exchanger, and the output end of the condensate pump is connected to the outlet of the condenser.
[0013] As a preferred scheme of the above-mentioned shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system, the heating system further includes a water supply pump, and the water supply pump is arranged between the cold water channel of the heat exchanger and the heat exchange station.
[0014] As a preferred scheme of the above-mentioned shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system, the solar energy heating system includes a low-temperature molten salt tank, a trough-type solar mirror field and a high-temperature molten salt tank. The low-temperature molten salt tank, the trough-type solar mirror field, the high-temperature molten salt tank and the superheater are connected in sequence, and the superheater is also connected to the low-temperature molten salt tank.
[0015] As a preferred scheme of the above-mentioned shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system, the solar energy heating system further includes a solar energy heat storage device, and the solar energy heat storage device is connected to the superheater.
[0016] As a preferred scheme of the above-mentioned shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system, the trough-type solar mirror field adopts trough-type collectors and vacuum heat pipes.
[0017] As a preferred scheme of the above-mentioned shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system, a high-temperature molten salt pump is arranged at the top of the high-temperature molten salt tank, and a low-temperature molten salt pump is arranged at the top of the low-temperature molten salt tank.
[0018] As a preferred scheme of the above-mentioned shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system, the nuclear energy heating system includes a main pump, a nuclear reactor and a pressurizer. The main pump, the nuclear reactor, the pressurizer and the steam generator are connected in sequence, and the steam generator is also connected to the main pump.
[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system, the nuclear reactor is a shell-type low-temperature nuclear heating reactor.
[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system, the power generation system further includes a feed water pump. The input end of the feed water pump is connected to the outlet of the condenser, and the output end of the feed water pump is connected to the steam generator.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of a shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system provided by the present utility model are as follows:
[0022] 1. The present utility model provides a shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system. The shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system is further provided with a heating system, which exchanges heat with a heat exchange station through a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger of the heating system is the heat exchanger of the primary heat network station. The hot gas enters the hot water channel of the heat exchanger from the extraction steam outlet of the steam turbine, exchanges heat with the medium in the cold water channel, loses heat, and finally flows into the power generation system, where it converges with the water flowing out of the outlet of the condenser. The water in the cold water channel comes from the heat exchange station and flows back to the heat exchange station after heat exchange. The hot water of the heat exchange station can supply residential users, thereby making full use of the energy utilization rate of the entire system.
[0023] 2. The present utility model provides a shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system. In this shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system, the nuclear energy heating system heats the cooling water in the steam generator into saturated steam. The saturated steam output by the steam generator is transmitted to the superheater. The solar heating system heats the saturated steam in the superheater into superheated steam. The superheated steam output by the superheater is transmitted to the steam turbine. The steam of the steam turbine provides kinetic energy for the generator, and the generator generates electricity. The steam flowing out from the steam outlet of the steam turbine enters the condenser. The condenser condenses the exhaust steam of the steam turbine into water and sends it back to the steam generator to complete the cycle. This shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system combines a shell-type low-temperature nuclear heating reactor with solar thermal utilization technology, which can effectively optimize the system operation efficiency. It can not only fully develop and utilize the restricted development area around the nuclear power plant, thereby improving the land use efficiency, but also significantly improve the heating capacity in winter; in summer, it can also be used for supplementary heat power generation, thereby reducing the plant electricity consumption and further improving the power generation efficiency.
[0024] By further heating the saturated steam generated by the steam generator into superheated steam, the steam parameters are improved, the overall power generation efficiency is increased, and the disadvantage of low power generation efficiency caused by low steam parameters in traditional nuclear power is overcome. In the solar heating system, the saturated steam at about 290 °C from the steam generator is used for heat exchange with the molten salt, so that the temperature of the binary molten salt after heat exchange will not be lower than the saturated steam temperature, reducing the solidification risk of the molten salt in the solar thermal power plant that traditionally uses binary molten salt as the heat storage and heat exchange medium, reducing the frequency of use of electric tracing, reducing the plant power consumption, and improving the economic efficiency of the power plant.
[0025] 3. The present utility model provides a shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system. In this shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system, the solar heating system further includes a solar energy storage device, and the solar energy storage device is connected to the superheater. By configuring a large-capacity energy storage system, it can operate normally at night or when the solar resources are poor, and achieve a stable output of the power generation load. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] The drawings forming a part of the present utility model are used to provide a further understanding of the present utility model. The schematic embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present utility model are used to explain the present utility model and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present utility model. In the drawings:
[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system provided by a specific embodiment of the present utility model.
[0028] In the figure:
[0029] 11. Steam generator; 12. Superheater; 13. Steam turbine; 14. Generator; 15. Condenser; 16. Feed water pump;
[0030] 21. Main pump; 22. Nuclear reactor; 23. Pressurizer;
[0031] 31. Low-temperature molten salt tank; 32. Trough solar mirror field; 33. High-temperature molten salt tank;
[0032] 41. Heat exchanger; 42. Condensate pump; 43. Water supply pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0033] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present utility model can be combined with each other. The described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments.
[0034] In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "connected", "connected to", and "fixed" shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0035] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the situation where the first and second features are not in direct contact but in contact through other features therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over", and "on" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "below", "under", and "beneath" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is lower than that of the second feature.
[0036] In the description of this embodiment, the orientation or positional relationship terms such as "above", "below", "right", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplifying the operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and do not have special meanings.
[0037] See Figure 1 Referring to this embodiment, the present utility model provides a shell-type coupled solar heating system. The shell-type coupled solar heating system includes a power generation system, a nuclear heating system, a solar heating system, and a heat supply system. The power generation system includes a steam generator 11, a superheater 12, a condenser 15, a steam turbine 13, and a generator 14. The steam outlet of the steam turbine 13, the condenser 15, the steam generator 11, the superheater 12, and the steam inlet of the steam turbine 13 are connected in sequence. The steam turbine 13 is connected to the generator 14 and supplies energy to the generator 14. The nuclear heating system is connected to the steam generator 11 and can heat the cooling water in the steam generator 11 into saturated steam. The solar heating system is connected to the superheater 12 and can heat the saturated steam in the superheater 12 into superheated steam. The heat supply system includes a heat exchanger 41. The heat exchanger 41 has a hot water channel and a cold water channel. The inlet of the hot water channel is communicated with the extraction steam outlet of the steam turbine 13, and the outlet of the hot water channel is communicated with the outlet of the condenser 15. The cold water channel is communicated with the heat exchange station.
[0038] In this shell - type coupled solar heating system, the nuclear heating system heats the cooling water in the steam generator 11 into saturated steam. The saturated steam output by the steam generator 11 is transmitted to the superheater 12. The solar heating system heats the saturated steam in the superheater 12 into superheated steam. The superheated steam output by the superheater 12 is transmitted to the steam turbine 13. The steam of the steam turbine 13 provides kinetic energy for the generator 14, and the generator 14 generates electricity. The steam flowing out from the steam outlet of the steam turbine 13 enters the condenser 15. The condenser 15 condenses the exhaust steam of the steam turbine 13 into water and sends it into the steam generator 11 to complete the cycle. In order to improve the energy utilization rate of the whole system, this shell - type coupled solar heating system is also equipped with a heating system, which exchanges heat with the heat exchange station through the heat exchanger 41. The heat exchanger 41 of the heating system is the heat exchanger 41 of the primary heat supply station of the heat network. The hot gas enters the hot water channel of the heat exchanger 41 from the steam extraction outlet of the steam turbine 13, exchanges heat with the medium in the cold water channel, loses heat, and finally flows into the power generation system and converges with the water flowing out of the outlet of the condenser 15. The water in the cold water channel comes from the heat exchange station and flows back to the heat exchange station after heat exchange. The hot water of the heat exchange station can supply residential users. Thus, the energy utilization rate of the whole system can be fully utilized.
[0039] Moreover, this shell - type coupled solar heating system combines a shell - type low - temperature nuclear heating reactor with solar thermal utilization technology, which can effectively optimize the system operation efficiency. It can not only fully develop and utilize the restricted development areas around nuclear power plants, thereby enhancing the land use efficiency, but also significantly improve the heating capacity in winter; in summer, it can also be used for supplementary heat generation, thereby reducing the plant electricity consumption and further improving the power generation efficiency.
[0040] Optionally, the heating system further includes a condensate pump 42. The input end of the condensate pump 42 is connected to the hot water channel of the heat exchanger 41, and the output end of the condensate pump 42 is connected to the outlet of the condenser 15. The condensate pump 42 is used to send the water flowing out of the heat exchanger 41 back to the power generation system for recycling.
[0041] Optionally, the heating system further includes a water supply pump 43. The water supply pump 43 is arranged between the cold water channel of the heat exchanger 41 and the heat exchange station. The water supply pump 43 is used to pump the water from the heat exchange station into the heat exchanger 41 in the heat exchange system.
[0042] Optionally, the solar heating system includes a low-temperature molten salt tank 31, a trough solar mirror field 32, and a high-temperature molten salt tank 33. The low-temperature molten salt tank 31, the trough solar mirror field 32, the high-temperature molten salt tank 33, and the superheater 12 are connected in sequence. The superheater 12 is also connected to the low-temperature molten salt tank 31. By further heating the saturated steam generated by the steam generator 11 into superheated steam, the steam parameters are improved, and the overall power generation efficiency is increased, overcoming the disadvantage of low power generation efficiency caused by low steam parameters in traditional nuclear power. The saturated steam at about 290°C from the steam generator 11 exchanges heat with the molten salt in the solar heating system, so that the temperature of the binary molten salt after heat exchange will not be lower than the saturated steam temperature, reducing the solidification risk of the molten salt in the solar thermal power plant that traditionally uses binary molten salt as the heat storage and heat exchange medium, reducing the frequency of use of electric tracing, reducing the plant power consumption, and improving the economy of the power plant.
[0043] Optionally, the solar heating system further includes a solar heat storage device, which is connected to the superheater 12. By configuring a large-capacity heat storage system, it can operate normally at night or when the solar resources are poor, realizing a stable output of the power generation load.
[0044] Optionally, the trough solar mirror field 32 uses trough collectors and vacuum heat pipes.
[0045] Optionally, a high-temperature molten salt pump is provided at the top of the high-temperature molten salt tank 33, and a low-temperature molten salt pump is provided at the top of the low-temperature molten salt tank 31.
[0046] Optionally, the nuclear heating system includes a main pump 21, a nuclear reactor 22, and a pressurizer 23. The main pump 21, the nuclear reactor 22, the pressurizer 23, and the steam generator 11 are connected in sequence. The steam generator 11 is also connected to the main pump 21.
[0047] Optionally, the nuclear reactor 22 is a shell-type low-temperature nuclear heating reactor.
[0048] Optionally, the power generation system further includes a feed water pump 16. The input end of the feed water pump 16 is connected to the outlet of the condenser 15, and the output end of the feed water pump 16 is connected to the steam generator 11. The feed water pump 16 is used to send the water flowing out from the outlet of the condenser 15 and the water returned to the power generation system by the condensate pump 42 of the heat supply system into the steam generator 11.
[0049] Obviously, the embodiments of the present utility model disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present utility model. The embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the present utility model to the specific embodiments described. According to the content of this specification, many modifications and variations can be made. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this specification in order to better explain the principle and practical application of the present utility model, so that those skilled in the relevant technical field can understand and utilize the present utility model well. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system, characterized in that, Comprising: A power generation system, including a steam generator (11), a superheater (12), a condenser (15), a steam turbine (13) and a generator (14). The steam outlet of the steam turbine (13), the condenser (15), the steam generator (11), the superheater (12) and the steam inlet of the steam turbine (13) are connected in sequence. The steam turbine (13) is connected to the generator (14) and supplies energy to the generator (14). A nuclear heating system, connected to the steam generator (11), capable of heating the cooling water in the steam generator (11) into saturated steam. A solar heating system, connected to the superheater (12), capable of heating the saturated steam in the superheater (12) into superheated steam. A heating system, including a heat exchanger (41). The heat exchanger (41) has a hot water channel and a cold water channel. The inlet of the hot water channel is communicated with the extraction steam outlet of the steam turbine (13), and the outlet of the hot water channel is communicated with the outlet of the condenser (15). The cold water channel is communicated with a heat exchange station.
2. The shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system according to claim 1, wherein: The heating system further includes a condensate pump (42). The input end and the output end of the condensate pump (42) are respectively connected to the hot water channel of the heat exchanger (41) and the outlet of the condenser (15).
3. The shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system according to claim 1, wherein: The heating system further includes a water supply pump (43). The water supply pump (43) is arranged between the cold water channel of the heat exchanger (41) and the heat exchange station.
4. The shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar heating system includes a low-temperature molten salt tank (31), a trough solar mirror field (32) and a high-temperature molten salt tank (33). The low-temperature molten salt tank (31), the trough solar mirror field (32), the high-temperature molten salt tank (33) and the superheater (12) are connected in sequence, and the superheater (12) is also connected to the low-temperature molten salt tank (31).
5. The shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The solar heating system further includes a solar energy heat storage device, which is connected to the superheater (12).
6. The shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system according to claim 4, wherein: The trough solar mirror field (32) adopts trough collectors and vacuum heat pipes.
7. The shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top of the high-temperature molten salt tank (33) is provided with a high-temperature molten salt pump, and the top of the low-temperature molten salt tank (31) is provided with a low-temperature molten salt pump.
8. The shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nuclear heating system includes a main pump (21), a nuclear reactor (22) and a pressurizer (23). The main pump (21), the nuclear reactor (22), the pressurizer (23) and the steam generator (11) are connected in sequence, and the steam generator (11) is also connected to the main pump (21).
9. The shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The nuclear reactor (22) is a shell-type low-temperature nuclear heating reactor.
10. The shell-type low-temperature nuclear reactor coupled solar heating system according to claim 1, wherein: The power generation system further includes a feed water pump (16). The input end and the output end of the feed water pump (16) are respectively connected to the outlet of the condenser (15) and the steam generator (11).