Constant-angle installer for directional isolation buffer cannon in peripheral blast hole

Abstract

The utility model discloses a constant angle installer for directional isolation buffer cannon in peripheral blast hole, which comprises a base plate, a graduated scale, a level bubble and a blast hole installation head, the blast hole installation head is installed at the center of the back of the base plate, the center of the base plate is provided with an angle adjusting hole, and the angle adjusting hole is connected with the graduated scale. The inner diameter of the angle adjusting hole is the same as that of the blast hole mounting head, the angle adjusting hole and the blast hole mounting head are both used for mounting a directional isolation buffer gun, the graduated scale is arranged on the front surface of the base plate and arranged in the circumferential direction of the angle adjusting hole, and the level bubble is mounted on the front surface of the base plate and horizontally placed. The directional isolation buffer gun has the advantages that the directional isolation buffer gun can be rapidly and accurately installed in a tunnel face blast hole through the constant-angle installer according to the angle of the isolation assembly of the directional isolation buffer gun; it is guaranteed that the isolation assembly of the directional isolation buffer gun faces the surrounding rock outside the peripheral blast hole contour line, the purpose of accurately controlling the isolation blasting range is achieved, completeness and stability of the surrounding rock outside the tunnel standard contour line are protected, and tunnel back break is controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel excavation by drilling and blasting method, in particular to an angular installer for a directional isolation buffer charge in a peripheral blast hole. Background Art

[0002] Blasting technology is an engineering technology that uses the energy of explosive explosion to destroy the original structure of an object and adopts a charge layout and detonation method to achieve different engineering purposes. Since blasting technology can save a large amount of manpower and material resources, it has been widely used in tunnel excavation at present. However, there are the following problems: (1) The irregularity of the damage to the surrounding rock by traditional blasting often causes accidents such as overbreak, underbreak, and even collapse during the tunnel excavation process. The problem of tunnel overbreak is serious, usually reaching more than 30 cm, which makes the later support difficult and requires an increase in the thickness of the secondary lining, increasing the construction period and material cost; (2) When excavating a tunnel, it is necessary to maintain the good stability of the surrounding rock, while traditional blasting technology is difficult to control the blasting intensity and has a large degree of disturbance to the rock mass, which is not conducive to the subsequent stable support of the tunnel; (3) The overbreak and underbreak of the tunnel are related to the layout of the peripheral holes on the heading face and the propagation of the explosion wave. The traditional method of placing cartridges cannot achieve directional range blasting of the rock mass on the heading face, which will also lead to overbreak of the tunnel and failure to achieve the smooth blasting effect. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an angular installer for a directional isolation buffer charge in a peripheral blast hole according to the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art. The angular installer is composed of a base plate, a scale ruler, a spirit level, and a blast hole installation head. An angle adjustment hole with a circumferentially distributed angle is arranged at the center of the circular base plate. A blast hole installation head is provided at the corresponding position of the center of the base plate and the angle adjustment hole for aligning with the blast hole. Spirit levels are arranged on the 0° and 180° sides of the base plate; by adjusting the angular installer, the isolation component of the directional isolation buffer charge is oriented outside the contour line of the peripheral blast hole, and the diameter of the semi-circle is parallel to the tangent line of the corresponding contour point, so that the angle of the isolation component of the directional isolation buffer charge can be quickly and accurately installed into the blast hole on the heading face, achieving the purpose of accurately controlling the isolation blasting range, which is beneficial to protecting the integrity and stability of the surrounding rock outside the standard contour line of the tunnel, controlling the overbreak and underbreak of the tunnel, and ensuring the integrity and regularity of the tunnel contour, and achieving the smooth blasting effect.

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0005] An angular installation device for a directional isolation buffer charge in a peripheral blast hole. The angular installation device includes a base plate, a scale ruler, a spirit level, and a blast hole installation head. The blast hole installation head is installed at the center behind the base plate. An angle adjustment hole is provided at the center of the base plate. The inner diameter of the angle adjustment hole is the same as the inner diameter of the blast hole installation head, and both are used for installing the directional isolation buffer charge. The scale ruler is arranged on the front surface of the base plate and is disposed along the circumference of the angle adjustment hole. The spirit level is installed on the front surface of the base plate and is placed horizontally.

[0006] The range of the scale ruler is from 0° to 360°. There are two spirit levels. The spirit levels are arranged at the 0° and 180° scales of the scale ruler. A bubble standard is provided at the horizontal center of the spirit level.

[0007] The directional isolation buffer charge is installed in the peripheral blast hole through the angular installation device. The directional isolation buffer charge includes an isolation component, a propagation component, and a cartridge. Both the isolation component and the propagation component are semi-cylindrical. The cartridge is installed in the isolation component.

[0008] The directional isolation buffer charges are arranged at intervals on the contour line of the peripheral blast holes of the face rock mass.

[0009] The propagation component is mortar or plugging mud.

[0010] The advantages of the present utility model are as follows:

[0011] (1) According to the angle of the isolation component of the directional isolation buffer charge, it can be quickly and accurately installed into the face blast hole through the angular installation device;

[0012] (2) It ensures that the isolation component of the directional isolation buffer charge faces the surrounding rock outside the contour line of the peripheral blast hole, achieving the purpose of accurately controlling the isolation blasting range, which is beneficial to protecting the integrity and stability of the surrounding rock outside the standard contour line of the tunnel and controlling the overbreak and underbreak of the tunnel;

[0013] (3) Accurately controlling the isolation blasting range is beneficial to ensuring the complete and regular tunnel contour and achieving the smooth blasting effect;

[0014] (4) The angular installation device can be reused, saving costs. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the angular installation device for the directional isolation buffer charge in the peripheral blast hole of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the sectional view taken along A-A in

[0017] Figure 3Schematic diagram of the principle of isolating blast waves by the directional isolation buffer gun of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the layout of the directional isolation buffer gun of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 5 is Figure 4 an enlarged view of a in

[0020] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, the markings in the figure are respectively represented as:

[0021] 1. Fixed-angle installer, 2. Face rock mass, 3. Directional isolation buffer gun, 4. Cartridge, 5. Blast wave, 6. Crack;

[0022] 11. Substrate, 12. Scale ruler, 13. Level bubble, 14. Bubble standard, 15. Borehole installation head, 16. Angle adjustment hole;

[0023] 21. Tunnel standard contour line, 22. Peripheral blast hole contour line, 23. Auxiliary blast hole contour line, 24. Cut blast hole contour line, 25. Peripheral blast holes, 26. Horizontal line, 27. Tangent line;

[0024] 31. Isolation component, 32. Propagation component. Specific embodiments

[0025] The features of the present utility model and other related features are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings through embodiments for the understanding of those skilled in the same industry:

[0026] Embodiment: As Figures 1 to 5As shown in the figure, this embodiment relates to a fixed-angle installer for a directional isolation buffer charge in a peripheral blast hole. The fixed-angle installer 1 mainly includes a base plate 11, a scale ruler 12, a spirit level 13, and a blast hole installation head 15. The base plate 11 is circular, and the blast hole installation head 15 is cylindrical. The blast hole installation head 15 is installed at the center behind the base plate 11. An angle adjustment hole 16 is provided at the center of the base plate 11. The inner diameter of the angle adjustment hole 16 is the same as that of the blast hole installation head 15, and the inner diameter of the angle adjustment hole 16 (blast hole installation head 15) is slightly larger than the diameter of the directional isolation buffer charge 3 for the installation and placement of the directional isolation buffer charge 3. The scale ruler 12 is provided on the front surface of the base plate 11 and is arranged along the circumferential direction of the angle adjustment hole 16. The range of the scale ruler 12 is from 0° to 360°. The spirit level 13 is installed on the front surface of the base plate 11. There are two spirit levels 13, which are respectively arranged at the 0° and 180° scales of the scale ruler 12. A bubble standard 14 is provided at the horizontal center of the spirit level 13. When the bubble in the spirit level 13 coincides with the bubble standard 14, it indicates that the fixed-angle installer 1 is horizontally set. The directional isolation buffer charge 3 is installed in the peripheral blast hole 25 of the tunnel face rock mass 2 through the fixed-angle installer 1. Among them, the directional isolation buffer charge 3 includes an isolation component 31, a propagation component 32, and a cartridge 4. Both the isolation component 31 and the propagation component 32 are semi-cylindrical. The propagation component 32 is mortar or plugging mud, and the cartridge 4 is installed in the isolation component 31.

[0027] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, this embodiment also has the following construction method:

[0028] Keep the fixed-angle installer 1 horizontally placed, and arrange the isolation components 31 equipped with cartridges 4 at intervals on the peripheral blast hole contour line 22 of the tunnel face rock mass 2 through the fixed-angle installer 1. Among them, the peripheral blast hole contour line 22 is located inside the tunnel standard contour line 21. The isolation components 31 equipped with cartridges 4 are placed in the peripheral blast holes 25. The peripheral blast holes 25 are arranged on the peripheral blast hole contour line 22 and are also located inside the tunnel standard contour line 21. According to the angle θ formed between the tangent 27 of the tunnel standard contour line 21 and the horizontal line 26, rotate the isolation component 31 equipped with the cartridge 4, and by means of the scale of the scale ruler 12, make the angle formed between the diameter of the isolation component 31 and the horizontal line 26 also be θ. Set the propagation component 32 (mortar or plugging mud) in the peripheral blast hole 25 to plug the peripheral blast hole 25, thereby completing the installation of the directional isolation buffer charge 3, and arrange the cartridges 4 at intervals on the auxiliary blast hole contour line 23 and the cut blast hole contour line 24. Finally, detonate the cartridges 4 on the peripheral blast hole contour line 22, the auxiliary blast hole contour line 23, and the cut blast hole contour line 24. As Figure 3As shown, the explosive wave 5 generated by the explosive cartridge 4 on the peripheral blast hole contour line 22 propagates circumferentially. The isolation component 31 absorbs the explosive wave 5 to prevent it from propagating into the rock mass. On the other side, the explosive wave 5 directly propagates into the rock mass, causing the rock mass to rupture (cracks 6 are generated), achieving the directional propagation and directional isolation of the explosive wave 5, breaking the rock mass that needs to be blasted, and keeping the rock mass that does not need to be blasted intact.

[0029] The beneficial technical effects of this embodiment are as follows:

[0030] (1) According to the angle of the isolation component of the directional isolation buffer blast, it can be quickly and accurately installed into the face blast hole through the fixed-angle installer;

[0031] (2) Ensure that the isolation component of the directional isolation buffer blast faces the surrounding rock outside the peripheral blast hole contour line, achieving the purpose of accurately controlling the isolation blasting range, which is beneficial to protecting the integrity and stability of the surrounding rock outside the tunnel standard contour line and controlling the overbreak and underbreak of the tunnel;

[0032] (3) Accurately controlling the isolation blasting range is beneficial to ensuring the integrity and regularity of the tunnel contour and achieving the smooth blasting effect;

[0033] (4) The fixed-angle installer can be reused, saving costs.

[0034] Although the above embodiments have detailed the concept and implementation of the purpose of the present invention with reference to the drawings, those of ordinary skill in the art can recognize that various improvements and transformations can still be made to the present invention without departing from the scope defined by the claims. Therefore, they will not be elaborated here one by one.

Claims

1. A fixed-angle installer for a directional isolation buffer charge in a peripheral blast hole, characterized in that: The fixed-angle installer includes a substrate, a scale ruler, a spirit level, and a blast-hole installation head. The blast-hole installation head is installed at the center behind the substrate. An angle adjustment hole is provided at the center of the substrate. The inner diameter of the angle adjustment hole is the same as that of the blast-hole installation head, and both are used for installing the directional isolation buffer charge. The scale ruler is provided on the front surface of the substrate and is arranged along the circumferential direction of the angle adjustment hole. The spirit level is installed on the front surface of the substrate and is placed horizontally.

2. The fixed-angle installer of the directional isolation buffer blaster in the peripheral blast holes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring range of the scale ruler is from 0° to 360°. There are two spirit levels, which are provided at the 0° and 180° scales of the scale ruler. A bubble standard is provided at the horizontal center of the spirit level.

3. The fixed-angle installer of the directional isolation buffer blast in the peripheral blast holes as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The directional isolation buffer charge is installed in the peripheral blast holes through the fixed-angle installer. The directional isolation buffer charge includes an isolation component, a propagation component, and a cartridge. Both the isolation component and the propagation component are semi-cylindrical, and the cartridge is installed in the isolation component.

4. The angular installation device for the directional isolation buffer charge in the peripheral blast holes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The directional isolation buffer charges are arranged at intervals on the contour line of the peripheral blast holes of the tunnel face rock mass.

5. The angular installation device of the directional isolation buffer charge in the peripheral blast holes as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The propagation component is mortar or plugging mud.

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