Groove structure for improving blasting effect of vertical blast hole

Abstract

The utility model provides a groove structure for improving the blasting effect of vertical blast holes, which comprises a plurality of first-row main blast holes, a plurality of second-row main blast holes and a plurality of third-row main blast holes which are arranged in parallel, the first-row main blast holes, the second-row main blast holes and the third-row main blast holes are positioned at the side part of a tunnel face of an area to be blasted, a groove is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the tunnel face, and the first-row main blast holes, the second-row main blast holes and the third-row main blast holes are arranged in parallel. The first row of main blast holes are arranged in a linear mode and are parallel to the tunnel face. According to the utility model, the explosive loading amount of the first row of main blast holes can be effectively saved, and the safety risk caused by the fact that blasting flying stones fly out along the minimum resistance line of the tunnel face and the weak part of the rock structure due to the overlarge explosive loading amount of the first row of main blast holes is avoided, so that the blasting quality of the vertical blast holes is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of open-pit mine blasting, and relates to a groove structure for improving the blasting effect of vertical blast holes. Background Art

[0002] In the open-pit mine perforation construction, the perforation efficiency of the roller bit drill for vertical blast holes is higher than that of the down-the-hole drill for inclined blast holes. However, the vertical blast holes have the problem of uneven burden compared with the inclined blast holes. The burden plays a key role in the blasting effect. In addition, the rock mass in front of the first row of blast holes restricts the entire blasting area. If the burden is too large, the first row of blast holes will not be broken enough or cannot be pushed out, resulting in insufficient forward throwing movement space for the rock mass near the rear row of blast holes, which has a fatal impact on the blasting effect. If the burden is too small, the rock mass in front of the first row of blast holes is too thin or there is a weak surface, and a large amount of flying rocks are likely to appear, causing safety accidents. At the same time, the blasting energy leaks instantaneously along the weak area, resulting in energy waste and indirectly affecting the subsequent blasting effect. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a groove structure for improving the blasting effect of vertical blast holes in view of the problems existing in the prior art, and solves the problems that in the existing blasting method, the vertical blast holes have uneven burden compared with the inclined blast holes, resulting in poor blasting effect, easy to cause safety risks and waste of blasting energy.

[0004] To this end, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A groove structure for improving the blasting effect of vertical blast holes includes a plurality of first-row main blast holes, a plurality of second-row main blast holes, and a plurality of third-row main blast holes arranged in parallel, and the three are located on the side of the bench face of the area to be blasted. A groove is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the bench face. The plurality of first-row main blast holes are arranged in a straight line, parallel to the bench face, with a hole spacing of 5.5 - 6.0 meters and a hole mouth distance from the crest line of 1.0 - 2.0 meters.

[0006] Further, the plurality of second-row main blast holes are arranged in a straight line, with a hole spacing of 6.5 - 7.0 meters, and a distance from the first-row main blast holes of 5.0 - 5.5 meters.

[0007] Further, the plurality of third-row main blast holes are arranged in a straight line, with a hole spacing of 6.5 - 7.0 meters, and a row spacing from the second-row main blast holes of 5.0 - 5.5 meters.

[0008] Further, the length of the groove is longer than the width of the bench face, and the length exceeds 5 meters at each end of the first-row main blast holes. The width of the groove is 1.5 - 2.0 meters and the depth is 1.5 - 2.0 meters.

[0009] Further, the boreholes of the first row of main blast holes, the second row of main blast holes, and the third row of main blast holes are all vertically downward.

[0010] Further, the orifice arrangement of the first row of main blast holes, the second row of main blast holes, and the third row of main blast holes is in a plum blossom shape.

[0011] The function of the present utility model is as follows:

[0012] By setting a horizontal bottom-drawing groove, the present utility model effectively saves the charge amount of the first row of main blast holes, avoids the safety risks caused by the blasting flyrock flying out along the minimum resistance line of the heading face and the weak rock structure due to excessive charge amount in the first row of main blast holes, saves blasting energy at the same time, and thus improves the blasting quality of the vertical blast holes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the orifice arrangement of the first row of main blast holes, the second row of main blast holes, and the third row of main blast holes in the present utility model.

[0015] In the figure, 1 - the first row of main blast holes, 2 - the second row of main blast holes, 3 - the third row of main blast holes, 4 - the groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0016] The technical solution of the present utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and the implementation method.

[0017] As Figure 1 shown, a groove structure for improving the blasting effect of vertical blast holes includes a plurality of first rows of main blast holes 1, a plurality of second rows of main blast holes 2, and a plurality of third rows of main blast holes 3 arranged in parallel, and the three are located on the side of the heading face of the area to be blasted.

[0018] Specifically, the boreholes of the first row of main blast holes 1, the second row of main blast holes 2, and the third row of main blast holes 3 are all vertically downward. As Figure 2 shown, the orifice arrangement of the three is in a plum blossom shape; among them, a plurality of first rows of main blast holes 1 are arranged in a straight line, parallel to the heading face, with a hole spacing of 5.5 - 6.0 m and an orifice distance from the crest line of 1.0 - 2.0 m; a plurality of second rows of main blast holes 2 are arranged in a straight line, with a hole spacing of 6.5 - 7.0 m and a distance from the first row of main blast holes 1 of 5.0 - 5.5 m; a plurality of third rows of main blast holes 3 are arranged in a straight line, with a hole spacing of 6.5 - 7.0 m and a row spacing from the second row of main blast holes 2 of 5.0 - 5.5 m.

[0019] In addition, a groove 4 is provided at the bottom of the tunnel face and is horizontally arranged. The length of the groove 4 is longer than the width of the tunnel face and exceeds 5 meters at each end of the first row of main blast holes 1. Specifically, the width of the groove 4 is 1.5 - 2.0 meters and the depth is 1.5 - 2.0 meters.

[0020] The construction process of the utility model is as follows:

[0021] Step 1, measuring and arranging holes: Measure according to the actual on-site edge line, draw the crest line and the toe line in the drawing, set the first row of main blast holes 1 according to the reasonable distance of the burden and the safety distance of the crest line, and set a number of second row of main blast holes 2 and a number of third row of main blast holes 3 in sequence according to the blasting hole pattern parameters;

[0022] Step 2, drilling: When drilling, a 200mm roller bit drill is selected for drilling. The hole direction of drilling is vertically downward and the included angle with the working face is 90°;

[0023] Step 3, excavating the groove: Before blasting and charging, use an excavator to dig a groove 4 along the root of the tunnel face of the blasting area. The depth of the groove 4 is the same as the overbreak section of the blast hole, generally 1.5 - 2.0 meters. The length of the groove 4 is slightly longer than the length of the first row of main blast holes 1 and exceeds 5 meters at each end of the first row of main blast holes 1;

[0024] Step 4, charging and initiating: Charge the porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive into a number of the first row of main blast holes 1, the second row of main blast holes 2 and the third row of main blast holes 3. The charge amount is comprehensively calculated according to the explosive consumption per unit area of this area. The initiator is placed at the bottom of the hole for reverse initiation, and the hole mouth is tamped. Initiate according to the initiation method of initiating row by row, and the delay between rows is set to 40 milliseconds.

Claims

1. A groove structure for improving the blasting effect of vertical blast holes, characterized in that It includes a number of first-row main blast holes (1), a number of second-row main blast holes (2), and a number of third-row main blast holes (3) arranged in parallel, and the three are located on the side of the face of the area to be blasted. A groove (4) is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the face. The number of the first-row main blast holes (1) is arranged in a straight line, parallel to the face, with a hole spacing of 5.5 - 6.0 meters and the hole mouth is 1.0 - 2.0 meters away from the crest line.

2. The groove structure for improving the vertical blast hole blasting effect according to claim 1, characterized in that The number of the second-row main blast holes (2) is arranged in a straight line, with a hole spacing of 6.5 - 7.0 meters, and it is 5.0 - 5.5 meters away from the first-row main blast holes (1).

3. The groove structure for improving the vertical blast hole blasting effect according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of the third-row main blast holes (3) is arranged in a straight line, with a hole spacing of 6.5 - 7.0 meters, and its row spacing from the second-row main blast holes (2) is 5.0 - 5.5 meters.

4. A groove structure for improving the blasting effect of vertical blast holes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the groove (4) is 1.5 - 2.0 meters and the depth is 1.5 - 2.0 meters.

5. A groove structure for improving the blasting effect of vertical blast holes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hole directions of the first-row main blast holes (1), the second-row main blast holes (2), and the third-row main blast holes (3) are all vertically downward.

6. The grooving structure for improving the vertical blast hole blasting effect according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hole mouths of the first-row main blast holes (1), the second-row main blast holes (2), and the third-row main blast holes (3) are arranged in a plum blossom shape.

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