Coarse-grained soil shearing machine

Abstract

When the coarse-grained soil shearing machine is used, a top cover is opened, a sample is placed in a pressure chamber, the top cover is closed, the pressure chamber is conveyed to the position above a stroke oil cylinder through an in-out device, the stroke oil cylinder operates to apply pressure, the pressure is deformed, and test data are obtained through a displacement sensor and a pressure sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of coarse-grained soil tests, in particular to a coarse-grained soil shearer. Background Art

[0002] The coarse-grained soil shearer is mainly used to test the shear strength, deformation and other functions of soil samples under the equal-strain loading method. However, the existing testing machine is inconvenient to place the test sample during testing, and the testing functions are limited, which cannot meet the existing requirements. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] In view of the above situation, it is necessary to propose a coarse-grained soil shearer with convenient placement of test samples.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a coarse-grained soil shearer, comprising:

[0005] A stroke oil cylinder;

[0006] An inlet and outlet device, including a linear drive mechanism, a linear limit auxiliary mechanism and a moving platform, the moving platform moves linearly under the drive of the linear drive mechanism and the assistance of the linear limit auxiliary mechanism;

[0007] A pressure chamber, including a press base, a tank body, a top cover and a top shaft, the press base is fixed on the moving platform, both the press base and the top cover are detachably and sealingly connected to the tank body, the top shaft slides and seals through the top cover, and when the moving platform moves above the stroke oil cylinder, the stroke oil cylinder presses on the press base, and the pressure chamber forms a receiving cavity for receiving the test sample;

[0008] A displacement sensor, configured on the top shaft;

[0009] A top seat, arranged above the stroke oil cylinder, and there is a space for the pressure chamber to enter between the top seat and the stroke oil cylinder;

[0010] An axial load sensor, connected to the top seat and configured above the top shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, it further includes a water injection system and a water pressure system, the water pressure system includes a pressure reservoir, a pressure gauge and a pressure valve connected in sequence, the pressure valve is connected to the pressure chamber through a pipeline, the water injection system includes a water storage tank, a drain valve, an inlet valve and a pore pressure valve, the water storage tank is communicated with the pressure chamber through the inlet valve and the pore pressure valve in sequence, and the drain valve is arranged between the inlet valve and the water storage tank and is connected to a drain pipeline.

[0012] Further, it further includes a volume measurement mechanism, the volume measurement mechanism includes a water measuring pipe and / or a volume change pipe, and the volume measurement mechanism is communicated with the pressure chamber.

[0013] Further, the water measuring pipe and the volume change pipe are connected in parallel, the water measuring pipe is connected to the air extraction system, and the volume change pipe is connected to the back pressure system.

[0014] Further, an exhaust valve is further connected to the pressure chamber.

[0015] Further, the specimen is wrapped with a rubber membrane.

[0016] Further, in the pressure chamber, a water permeable plate is provided at each of the upper and lower ends of the specimen.

[0017] Further, it further includes a measurement and control system, the measurement and control system includes a control main board, a display and a control module, and the control main board is electrically connected to the control main board, the display, the control module, the displacement sensor and the axial load sensor.

[0018] The beneficial effect of the present utility model is that: during use, open the top cover, place the specimen into the pressure chamber, close the top cover, transport the pressure chamber above the stroke cylinder through the feeding and discharging device, the stroke cylinder operates to apply pressure, the specimen deforms under the pressure, and test data is obtained through the displacement sensor and the axial load sensor. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coarse-grained soil shearer according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a coarse-grained soil shearer according to an embodiment of the present utility model with the pressure chamber at the loading position;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the pressure chamber of a coarse-grained soil shearer according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic connection structural diagram of the water pressure system of the pressure chamber of a coarse-grained soil shearer according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the water pressure system of a coarse-grained soil shearer according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0024] Highlight Explanation:

[0025] 100. Stroke cylinder; 200. Feeding and discharging device; 210. Linear driving mechanism; 211. Rotating motor;

[0026] 212. Reducer; 213. Lead screw slider; 220. Linear limit assist mechanism; 230. Moving platform

[0027] 300. Pressure chamber; 310. Press base; 320. Tank body; 321. Observation window; 330. Top cover

[0028] 340. Jackshaft; 350. Accommodation cavity; 360. Exhaust valve; 370. Displacement sensor; 380. Top cap

[0029] 400. Top seat; 410. Axial load sensor; 500. Water injection system; 510. Water storage tank

[0030] 520. Drain valve; 530. Inlet valve; 540. Pore pressure valve; 600. Water pressure system

[0031] 610. Pressure reservoir; 620. Pressure gauge; 630. Pressure valve; 700. Volume measurement mechanism

[0032] 710. Water measuring pipe; 720. Volume change pipe; 730. Air extraction system; 740. Back pressure system

[0033] 800. Measurement and control system; 810. Display; 820. Control module; 900. Specimen; 910. Rubber membrane; 920. Permeable plate Detailed implementation manners

[0034] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer, the following further details a coarse-grained soil shearer of the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0035] Please refer to Figures 1-5 , a coarse-grained soil shearer, comprising:

[0036] Stroke oil cylinder 100

[0037] Feeding and discharging device 200, including a linear drive mechanism 210, a linear limit assist mechanism 220 and a moving platform 230. The moving platform 230 makes a linear movement under the drive of the linear drive mechanism 210 and the assistance of the linear limit assist mechanism 220

[0038] The pressure chamber 300 includes a press base 310, a tank body 320, a top cover 330, and a top shaft 340. The press base 310 is fixed on the moving platform 230. Both the press base 310 and the top cover 330 are detachably and sealingly connected to the tank body 320. The top shaft 340 slidably and sealingly penetrates through the top cover 330. When the moving platform 230 moves above the stroke cylinder 100, the stroke cylinder 100 applies pressure to the press base 310, and the pressure chamber 300 forms a receiving cavity 350 for receiving the specimen 900.

[0039] A displacement sensor 370 is arranged on the top shaft 340.

[0040] A top seat 400 is arranged above the stroke cylinder 100, and there is a space for the pressure chamber 300 to enter between the top seat 400 and the stroke cylinder 100.

[0041] An axial load sensor 410 is connected to the top seat 400 and is arranged above the top shaft 340.

[0042] During use, open the top cover 330, place the specimen 900 into the pressure chamber 300, close the top cover 330, transport the pressure chamber 300 to above the stroke cylinder 100 through the feeding and discharging device 200, operate the stroke cylinder 100 to apply pressure, and when deformation occurs, obtain test data through the displacement sensor 370 and the axial load sensor 410.

[0043] Please refer to Figures 4-5 , and it further includes a water injection system 500 and a water pressure system 600. The water pressure system 600 includes a pressure reservoir 610, a pressure gauge 620, and a pressure valve 630 that are connected in sequence. The pressure valve 630 is connected to the pressure chamber 300 through a pipeline. The water injection system 500 includes a water storage tank 510, a drain valve 520, an inlet valve 530, and a pore pressure valve 540. The water storage tank 510 is connected to the pressure chamber 300 through the inlet valve 530 and the pore pressure valve 540 in sequence. The drain valve 520 is arranged between the inlet valve 530 and the water storage tank 510 and is connected to a drain pipeline. Inject water into the pressure chamber 300 through the water injection system 500. After filling, pressurize through the water pressure system 600 to conduct pore water pressure tests.

[0044] Generally, the water pressure system 600 is provided with a separate oil source cabinet 640. The pressure reservoir 610 is arranged in the oil source cabinet 640. A PLC is arranged in the oil source cabinet 640. The pressure reservoir 610 is equipped with a pressure sensor and a liquid level sensor, so as to achieve automatic saturation, without manual operation of valves, greatly reducing the difficulty of starting the experiment and saving the on-duty time of experimental personnel.

[0045] The water pressure source generally uses a servo motor and a high-pressure plunger pump, which is different from the combination of a traditional piston cylinder and a servo motor. When the water in the piston cylinder is used up, it is necessary to stop, refill the water, and then pressurize. The advantage is that it ensures the continuity of pressurization and simplifies the structure.

[0046] Please refer to Figures 4-5 , it further includes a volume measuring mechanism 700. The volume measuring mechanism 700 includes a piezometer tube 710 and / or a volume change tube 720. The volume measuring mechanism 700 is connected to the pressure chamber 300. Through the volume measuring mechanism 700, the pore water pressure test results can be obtained more accurately.

[0047] Please refer to Figures 4-5 , the piezometer tube 710 and the volume change tube 720 are in parallel. The piezometer tube 710 is connected to the air extraction system 730, and the volume change tube 720 is connected to the back pressure system 740.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 3 , an exhaust valve 360 is also connected to the pressure chamber 300. The exhaust valve 360 is provided to facilitate water injection and avoid the inability to fill up due to air pressure.

[0049] Preferably, a lifting ring is provided above the top seat 400. It is convenient for the movement of the equipment.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 3 , the specimen 900 is wrapped with a rubber membrane 910. It is convenient for pore water pressure detection.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 3 , inside the pressure chamber 300, a permeable plate 920 is provided at each of the upper and lower ends of the specimen 900. It is convenient for pore water pressure detection.

[0052] Please refer to Figures 4-5 , it further includes a measurement and control system 800. The measurement and control system 800 includes a control main board, a display 810 and a control module 820. The control main board is electrically connected to the control main board, the display 810, the control module 820, the displacement sensor 370 and the axial load sensor 410. The measurement and control system 800 is provided to facilitate obtaining the results. In particular, a printer can also be set according to needs, and the control main board is electrically connected to the printer.

[0053] Briefly, the linear driving mechanism 210 of the feeding and discharging device 200 includes a rotating motor 211, a speed reducer and a lead screw slider 213 connected in sequence; the linear limiting auxiliary mechanism 220 generally consists of a guide rail slider or a guide rail bearing.

[0054] Generally, a top cap 380 is provided at the upper end of the specimen 900. The outer diameter of the top cap 380 is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the specimen 900, and the top shaft 340 abuts against the top cap 380.

[0055] In particular, an observation window 321 can be provided on the tank body 320 according to needs to facilitate observing the situation inside the accommodation cavity 350.

[0056] The method for implementing the air extraction and saturation operation of the specimen 900 by using this equipment:

[0057] Open the exhaust valve 360;

[0058] Fill the pressure chamber 300 with water until the exhaust valve 360 overflows, then close the exhaust valve 360, the pressure valve 630 and valve 7;

[0059] Connect the vacuum pump to the piezometer tube 710 and open valve 18;

[0060] Set the water storage tank 510 more than 1 meter above the pressure chamber 300, close the drain valve 520, and open valve 10 and the inlet valve 530;

[0061] Connect the pressure chamber 300 to the pore pressure interface of the measurement and control system 800 through the pore pressure valve 540, and open the pore pressure valve 540;

[0062] Connect the pressure chamber 300 to the back pressure valve 630 valve 8 of the volume change tube 720 through the back pressure valve 630 valve 7, and open valve 7;

[0063] Open the valve 9 of the piezometer tube 710, and close valve 8, valve 11, valve 12, valve 13, valve 14;

[0064] Start the vacuum pump to evacuate the top of the specimen 900 to create a negative pressure inside the specimen 900. After recording the reading of the water inlet piezometer tube 710, slowly open the inlet valve 530. Under the action of the negative pressure, the degassed water gradually saturates the specimen 900 from top to bottom. After water flows out from the bottom of the piezometer tube 710, continue for about 20 minutes and then turn off the vacuum pump.

[0065] Adjust the pressure library 610 in the measurement and control cabinet, set the confining pressure target value (generally ≤ 30 kPa), open the confining pressure interface valve of the pressure chamber 300, start the confining pressure, and wait for the pressure to reach the set confining pressure target value;

[0066] Open the vent valve valve 13 on the piezometer tube 710 to release the negative pressure;

[0067] Until the pore pressure coefficient B ≥ 0.95, it can be considered that the specimen 900 is saturated.

[0068] Pressurization / depressurization operation steps:

[0069] Open the confining pressure device water injection valve valve 3, and close the confining pressure output valve valve 2 and the confining pressure tank valve valve 1);

[0070] Manually control the confining pressure pressurization through the display 810 and the control module 820, start the confining pressure motor until it automatically stops when reaching the limit;

[0071] Close the confining pressure device water injection valve valve 3 and the confining pressure output valve valve 2, and open the confining pressure tank valve valve 1;

[0072] Manually control the confining pressure relief through the display 810 and the control module 820. Start the confining pressure motor until it automatically stops when reaching the limit position.

[0073] Open the water injection valve 3 of the confining pressure device, and close the confining pressure output valve 2 and the confining pressure tank valve 1.

[0074] Manually control the confining pressure increase through the display 810 and the control module 820. Start the confining pressure motor until it automatically stops when reaching the limit position.

[0075] Manually control the confining pressure relief through the display 810 and the control module 820. Start the confining pressure motor until it automatically stops when reaching the limit position.

[0076] Close the water injection valve 3, the confining pressure output valve 2 and the confining pressure tank valve 1 of the confining pressure device.

[0077] Manually control the confining pressure increase through the display 810 and the control module 820. Observe the display 810 / pressure gauge 620. The pressure gradually rises. If it is manual pressurization, it is necessary to continuously change the motor operation speed to achieve stable pressurization.

[0078] When confining pressure output is required, open the confining pressure output valve 2.

[0079] Set the required pressure value (0 - 3 MPa), and press the automatic control [Start / Stop] key on the display 810. The pressure will automatically increase to the set value and maintain the pressure.

[0080] If pressure output is required, open the confining pressure output valve 2, continue to pressurize and stabilize the pressure, and select the automatic control mode during the test.

[0081] After the test is completed, when relieving the pressure, click the automatic control [Start / Stop] key to stop maintaining the pressure. Then press the manual control [Confining Pressure Relief] key. When the pressure value is below 1 MPa, the water injection valve 3 of the confining pressure device can be opened to quickly relieve the pressure.

[0082] If during the test process, the pressurization device reaches the pressurization limit and the motor stops, in this situation, the test can be paused. First, close the confining pressure output valve 2, open the water injection valve 3 of the confining pressure device, and press the [Confining Pressure Relief] key in manual mode until the motor stops.

[0083] First, close the water injection valve 3 of the confining pressure device, open the confining pressure output valve 2, and press the automatic control [Start / Stop] key. When the pressure reaches the set value, the test can be started.

[0084] The back pressure increase process is the same as the confining pressure increase process. Valve 4 is the back pressure tank valve, valve 5 is the back pressure output valve, and valve 6 is the back pressure water injection valve.

[0085] After the specimen 900 is saturated, the consolidation test of the specimen 900 can be carried out. Before the start of the consolidation operation, manually record the readings of the burette 710 after saturation, the initial pore pressure value, and the stable pore pressure value; start the consolidation test. After the consolidation is completed, manually record the readings of the burette 710 after consolidation, the pore pressure readings after consolidation, and the consolidation settlement amount.

[0086] During the shear test, make the specimen 900 contact with the load transfer piston and the axial load sensor 410, etc. When the reading of the axial load sensor 410 slightly moves, immediately stop automatically. After the preparation work of the specimen is completed, according to the determined test method, after the relevant valves on the confining pressure control cabinet are opened (closed), the shear test can be carried out; start the shear test, and the press will apply the axial pressure at the shear rate required by the test method; when the test end condition (the specimen is damaged or the axial strain reaches a certain value) is detected, the software will stop the press and prompt that the test is completed. During the test process, the software will draw the corresponding curve graph according to the time interval (or axial strain interval value) required by the test method, and store the real-time sampling data into the database.

[0087] It should be noted that if there are directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) involved in the embodiments of the present invention, then the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement conditions, etc. between components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the attached drawings). If this specific posture changes, then the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0088] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, then the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.

[0089] In summary, a coarse-grained soil shearer provided by the present invention can test the shear strength, deformation, pore water pressure and other functions of the coarse-grained soil specimen, and it is convenient to put the specimen in and take it out.

[0090] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and do not impose any formal limitations on the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been disclosed above with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any person skilled in the relevant art can, without departing from the technical solution of the present utility model, make some changes or modifications to form equivalent embodiments by using the technical content disclosed above. However, as long as it does not depart from the technical solution content of the present utility model, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A coarse-grained soil shearer, characterized in that, Comprising: Stroke cylinder; Feeding and discharging device, including a linear drive mechanism, a linear limit assist mechanism and a moving platform, the moving platform moving linearly under the drive of the linear drive mechanism and the assistance of the linear limit assist mechanism; Pressure chamber, including a press base, a tank body, a top cover and a top shaft, the press base being fixed on the moving platform, the press base and the top cover both being detachably and sealingly connected to the tank body, the top shaft slidingly and sealingly penetrating through the top cover, the stroke cylinder pressing on the press base when the moving platform moves above the stroke cylinder, the pressure chamber forming a receiving cavity for receiving a specimen; Displacement sensor, disposed on the top shaft; Top seat, disposed above the stroke cylinder, there being a space for the pressure chamber to enter between the top seat and the stroke cylinder; Axial load sensor, connected to the top seat and disposed above the top shaft.

2. The coarse-grained soil shearer according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a water injection system and a water pressure system, the water pressure system including a pressure reservoir, a pressure gauge and a pressure valve connected in sequence, the pressure valve being connected to the pressure chamber through a pipeline, the water injection system including a water storage tank, a drain valve, an inlet valve and a pore pressure valve, the water storage tank being communicated to the pressure chamber through the inlet valve and the pore pressure valve in sequence, the drain valve being disposed between the inlet valve and the water storage tank and connected to a drain pipeline.

3. A coarse-grained soil shearer according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a volume measurement mechanism, the volume measurement mechanism including a burette and / or a volume change tube, the volume measurement mechanism being communicated with the pressure chamber.

4. The shearer for coarse-grained soil according to claim 3, wherein The burette and the volume change tube are in parallel, the burette being connected to a gas extraction system, and the volume change tube being connected to a back pressure system.

5. A coarse-grained soil shearer according to claim 1, characterized in that, An exhaust valve is further connected to the pressure chamber.

6. The shearer for coarse-grained soil according to claim 1, wherein The specimen is wrapped with a rubber membrane.

7. The coarse-grained soil shearer according to claim 6, characterized in that, Inside the pressure chamber, a water-permeable plate is provided at each of the upper and lower ends of the specimen.

8. A coarse-grained soil shearer according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a measurement and control system, the measurement and control system including a control main board, a display and a control module, the control main board being electrically connected to the control main board, the display, the control module, the displacement sensor and the axial load sensor.

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