Power supply device and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a power supply device and a vehicle, and the power supply device comprises a low-voltage power supply loop which comprises a DC conversion circuit and a storage battery; and the reverse connection protection piece is arranged in the low-voltage power supply loop, and the reverse connection protection piece is used for limiting the current flowing through the direct current conversion circuit to be lower than a preset current value when the storage battery is in a power-on state. The power supply device can play a role in protecting the direct current conversion circuit during power-on reverse connection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of power supply, and in particular to a power supply device and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In the related art, after the vehicle is started and when powering low-voltage electrical components, according to different usage conditions of the vehicle and the power-on strategy of the vehicle, there is a situation where the vehicle only powers on the low voltage and continuously consumes power, causing the battery to discharge, and then there is a situation of jump-starting. When the positive and negative poles of the jump-starting are reversely connected, because the impedance of the power supply circuit is small, a large instantaneous current will be generated, resulting in a failure of the DC / DC converter. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] The utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, an object of the utility model is to provide a power supply device, and using this power supply device can play a role in protecting the DC conversion circuit when the jump-starting is reversely connected.

[0004] A second object of the utility model is to provide a vehicle.

[0005] To solve the above problems, an embodiment of the first aspect of the utility model provides a power supply device, including: a low-voltage power supply circuit, the low-voltage power supply circuit includes a DC conversion circuit and a battery; a reverse connection protection component, the reverse connection protection component is arranged in the low-voltage power supply circuit, and the reverse connection protection component is used to limit the current flowing through the DC conversion circuit to be lower than a preset current value when the battery is in a jump-starting state.

[0006] According to the power supply device of the utility model, by arranging a reverse connection protection component in the low-voltage power supply circuit, when the battery is in a jump-starting state, even if there is a situation of reverse connection of the jump-starting, based on the reverse connection protection component, the current flowing through the DC conversion circuit is limited to be lower than a preset current value, that is, current limiting is performed before the large instantaneous current generated by the reverse connection of the jump-starting flows to the DC conversion circuit, thereby avoiding the problem that the large instantaneous current generated by the reverse connection of the jump-starting flows through the DC conversion circuit and causing a failure of the DC conversion circuit, and effectively playing a role in protecting the DC conversion circuit.

[0007] In some embodiments, the DC conversion circuit includes: a transformer, the first end of the secondary side of the transformer is connected to the positive pole of the battery; a rectification unit, the first end of the rectification unit is connected to the second end of the secondary side of the transformer, and the second end of the rectification unit is connected to the negative pole of the battery.

[0008] In some embodiments, the low-voltage power supply circuit further includes: a safety switch, the safety switch is arranged between the first end of the secondary side of the transformer and the positive pole of the battery.

[0009] In some embodiments, the reverse connection protection component includes: a diode, an anode of the diode is connected to a negative electrode of the storage battery and a first output end of the DC conversion circuit, a cathode of the diode is connected to a positive electrode of the storage battery and a second output end of the DC conversion circuit, and the diode is configured to shunt a current flowing through the DC conversion circuit to limit the current flowing through the DC conversion circuit to be lower than a preset current value.

[0010] In some embodiments, the low-voltage power supply loop further includes: a fuse, a first end of the fuse is connected to the cathode of the diode and the second output end of the DC conversion circuit, and a second end of the fuse is connected to the positive electrode of the storage battery.

[0011] In some embodiments, the reverse connection protection component includes: a MOS transistor, the MOS transistor is disposed between the safety switch and the positive electrode of the storage battery, and the MOS transistor is configured to cut off the connection between the DC conversion circuit and the storage battery when the storage battery is in a jump-start state, so that the current flowing through the DC conversion circuit is zero.

[0012] In some embodiments, the reverse connection protection component includes: a MOS transistor, the MOS transistor is disposed between a first end of the secondary side of the transformer and the safety switch, and the MOS transistor is configured to cut off the connection between the DC conversion circuit and the storage battery when the storage battery is in a jump-start state, so that the current flowing through the DC conversion circuit is zero.

[0013] In some embodiments, the low-voltage power supply loop further includes: a capacitor, a first end of the capacitor is connected to the first end of the secondary side of the transformer, and a second end of the capacitor is connected to a second end of the rectification unit and the negative electrode of the storage battery.

[0014] In some embodiments, the rectification unit includes: a first switching transistor, a source electrode of the first switching transistor is connected to a second end of the secondary side of the transformer; a second switching transistor, a drain electrode of the second switching transistor is connected to the source electrode of the first switching transistor and the second end of the secondary side of the transformer, and a source electrode of the second switching transistor is connected to the negative electrode of the storage battery and the second end of the capacitor; a third switching transistor, a drain electrode of the third switching transistor is connected to a drain electrode of the first switching transistor; a fourth switching transistor, a drain electrode of the fourth switching transistor is connected to a source electrode of the third switching transistor, and a source electrode of the fourth switching transistor is connected to the source electrode of the second switching transistor, the negative electrode of the storage battery, and the second end of the capacitor.

[0015] An embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle, including the power supply device described in the above embodiment.

[0016] For the vehicle according to the present utility model, by adopting the above power supply device, it can play a role in protecting the DC conversion circuit when the battery jump-start connection is reversed.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the present utility model will be given in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the present utility model. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present utility model will become apparent and be readily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 is a circuit schematic diagram of a power supply device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0021] Reference Signs:

[0022] Power supply device 10; Vehicle 20;

[0023] Low-voltage power supply circuit 1; Reverse connection protection part 2; DC conversion circuit 11; Battery 12; Transformer B; Rectification unit 13. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0024] Embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below. The embodiments described with reference to the drawings are exemplary. Embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below.

[0025] To solve the above problems, an embodiment of the first aspect of the present utility model provides a power supply device. By adopting this power supply device, it can play a role in protecting the DC conversion circuit when the jump-start connection is reversed.

[0026] Reference will be made below to Figure 1 describe the power supply device according to the embodiment of the present utility model. As Figure 1 shown, the power supply device 10 includes a low-voltage power supply circuit 1 and a reverse connection protection part 2.

[0027] Among them, the low-voltage power supply circuit 1 includes a DC conversion circuit 11 and a battery 12; the reverse connection protection part 2 is arranged in the low-voltage power supply circuit 1, and the reverse connection protection part 2 is used to limit the current flowing through the DC conversion circuit 11 to be lower than a preset current value when the battery 12 is in a jump-start state.

[0028] Among them, the jump-start state refers to the state in which the battery is connected to an external power source of the vehicle for starting when the battery is discharged. The preset current value can be determined based on the maximum allowable reverse current value that the DC conversion circuit 11 can withstand. That is to say, when the current flowing through the DC conversion circuit 11 is lower than the preset current value, this current is not sufficient to damage the internal components of the DC conversion circuit 11.

[0029] Specifically, the DC conversion circuit 11, i.e., the DC / DC, supplies power to each low-voltage electrical appliance of the vehicle after stepping down through a step-down circuit such as a BUCK circuit or a BOOST circuit. When the battery 12 is discharged and needs to be charged, if the jump-start is reversely connected, refer to Figure 1 As shown, the positive pole of the external power source is connected to the negative pole of the battery 12, and the negative pole of the external power source is connected to the positive pole of the battery 12. After the reverse connection, the current flow path is the positive pole of the external power source, the DC conversion circuit 11, and the negative pole of the external power source. The impedance on this path is small, and an instantaneous large current will be generated. Therefore, it is possible to cause the components or safety switch devices in the DC conversion circuit 11 to heat up and fail due to overcurrent, resulting in the DC conversion circuit 11 reporting a fault or shutting down. To solve the above problems, the present application adds an anti-reverse connection protection component 2 to the low-voltage power supply circuit 1. When the battery 12 is in the jump-start state, that is, after the jump-start is reversely connected, the current flowing through the DC conversion circuit 11 is limited to be lower than the preset current value based on the anti-reverse connection protection component 2, that is, current limiting processing is performed before the instantaneous large current generated by the reverse jump-start flows into the DC conversion circuit 11. Thus, the problem of circuit failure caused by the DC conversion circuit 11 being reversely connected with a large current is prevented, and the DC conversion circuit 11 is effectively protected.

[0030] For example, to limit the current flowing through the DC conversion circuit 11 to be lower than the preset current value, the anti-reverse connection protection component 2 can be used to directly cut off the connection between the DC conversion circuit 11 and the battery 12, so that the large current after the reverse connection cannot flow through the DC conversion circuit 11, that is, the current in the DC conversion circuit 11 is directly limited to zero during the reverse jump-start, thereby avoiding the problem of the DC conversion circuit 11 failing due to the instantaneous large current generated by the reverse jump-start, and effectively protecting the DC conversion circuit; or, the anti-reverse connection protection component 2 can also be used for current shunting to reduce the current flowing into the DC conversion circuit 11, so that the current flowing into the DC conversion circuit 11 is lower than the preset current value, thereby avoiding the problem of the DC conversion circuit failing due to the instantaneous large current generated by the reverse jump-start, and effectively protecting the DC conversion circuit 11.

[0031] According to the power supply device 10 of the present utility model, by arranging a reverse connection protection component 2 in the low-voltage power supply circuit 1, when the storage battery 12 is in the power supply connection state, even if there is a situation of reverse power supply connection, based on the reverse connection protection component 2, the current flowing through the DC conversion circuit 11 is restricted to be lower than a preset current value, that is, current limiting is performed before the large current generated by the reverse power supply connection flows to the DC conversion circuit 11. Thus, it is avoided that the large current generated by the reverse power supply connection flows through the DC conversion circuit 11, and the problem of the DC conversion circuit 11 malfunctioning is effectively solved, and the DC conversion circuit 11 is effectively protected.

[0032] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 shown, the DC conversion circuit 11 includes a transformer B and a rectification unit 13.

[0033] Among them, the first end of the secondary side of the transformer B is connected to the positive electrode of the storage battery 12; the first end of the rectification unit 13 is connected to the second end of the secondary side of the transformer B, and the second end of the rectification unit 13 is connected to the negative electrode of the storage battery 12. Thus, after the vehicle is started, through the voltage transformation function of the transformer B and the rectification function of the rectification unit 13, the purpose of supplying power to the storage battery 12 and low-voltage electrical appliances is achieved.

[0034] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 shown, the low-voltage power supply circuit 1 further includes a safety switch K, and the safety switch K is arranged between the first end of the secondary side of the transformer B and the positive electrode of the storage battery 12. Thus, when the DC conversion circuit 11 supplies power to the storage battery 12 normally, the problem that the current on the low-voltage side flows reversely into the DC conversion circuit 11 to cause a malfunction can be effectively prevented through the setting of the safety switch K, and the use reliability of the device is effectively improved.

[0035] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 shown, the reverse connection protection component 2 includes a diode D. The anode of the diode D is connected to the negative electrode of the storage battery 12 and the first output end of the DC conversion circuit 11, and the cathode of the diode D is connected to the positive electrode of the storage battery 12 and the second output end of the DC conversion circuit 11. The diode D is used to shunt the current flowing through the DC conversion circuit 11. Thus, by introducing the diode D to absorb energy, the problem that the DC conversion circuit 11 malfunctions or shuts down due to the reverse large current is prevented.

[0036] Specifically, referring to Figure 1 shown, when there is a reverse power supply connection, the current flow path is as Figure 1As shown by the arrow, since the impedance of the diode D is very small and is much smaller than that of the DC conversion circuit 11, the current provided by the external power supply first flows through the loop where the diode D is located to play a role in shunting, so as to achieve the purpose of limiting the current flowing through the DC conversion circuit to be lower than the preset current value, thereby avoiding the problem that the large instantaneous current generated by reverse connection of the power supply shunts flows through the DC conversion circuit 11 and causing a failure of the DC conversion circuit 11, effectively playing a role in protecting the DC conversion circuit 11.

[0037] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 shown, the low-voltage power supply loop 1 further includes a fuse 3. The first end of the fuse 3 is connected to the cathode of the diode D and the second output end of the DC conversion circuit 11, and the second end of the fuse 3 is connected to the positive electrode of the storage battery 12. Thus, the fuse 3 is provided to further play a role in protecting the DC conversion circuit 11.

[0038] Specifically, referring to Figure 1 shown, the current provided by the external power supply first flows through the loop where the diode D is located and flows through the fuse 3. If the current is greater than a certain current value, it will cause the fuse 3 to blow, thereby interrupting the connection between the DC conversion circuit 11 and the storage battery 12. Thus, when a large reverse current is connected to the DC conversion circuit 11, through the shunting effect of the diode D and the fuse 3, the reverse current circulation loop is interrupted, thereby preventing the problem that the reverse large current causes a failure or shutdown of the DC conversion circuit 11, further playing a role in protecting the DC conversion circuit 11.

[0039] In some embodiments, to solve the problem that when the power supply is reversely connected, the current in the loop of the DC conversion circuit 11 is too large, causing a failure of the DC conversion circuit 11 and affecting the normal use of other devices, the present application can also use a MOS transistor to reversely interrupt the circulation of the reverse current to achieve the purpose of preventing reverse connection.

[0040] Specifically, the reverse connection protection component 2 includes a MOS transistor, and the MOS transistor can be connected in series in front of or behind the safety switch K. Thus, when the storage battery is in a power supply connection state, that is, reversely connected, the connection between the DC conversion circuit 11 and the storage battery 12 is cut off through the MOS transistor, so that the current flowing through the DC conversion circuit 11 is zero, thereby achieving the purpose of limiting the current flowing through the DC conversion circuit to be lower than the preset current value.

[0041] Regarding the installation position of the MOS transistor, referring to Figure 1 shown, the MOS transistor can be arranged between the safety switch K and the positive electrode of the storage battery 12, or the MOS transistor is arranged between the first end of the secondary side of the transformer B and the safety switch K. Thus, when reversely connected, the MOS transistor is directly turned off, thereby interrupting the low-voltage power supply loop 1, avoiding the reverse large current from causing a failure of the DC conversion circuit 11 and also avoiding the overcurrent failure of the safety switch K.

[0042] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 shown, the low-voltage power supply circuit 1 further includes a capacitor C. The first end of the capacitor C is connected to the first end of the secondary side of the transformer B, and the second end of the capacitor C is connected to the second end of the rectifying unit 13 and the negative electrode of the storage battery 12. Thus, based on the setting of the capacitor C, a filtering effect can be achieved, improving the circuit stability.

[0043] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 shown, the rectifying unit 13 includes a first switching tube Q1, a second switching tube Q2, a third switching tube Q3, and a fourth switching tube Q4.

[0044] Among them, the source electrode of the first switching tube Q1 is connected to the second end of the secondary side of the transformer B; the drain electrode of the second switching tube Q2 is connected to the source electrode of the first switching tube Q1 and the second end of the secondary side of the transformer B, and the source electrode of the second switching tube Q2 is connected to the negative electrode of the storage battery 12 and the second end of the capacitor C; the drain electrode of the third switching tube Q3 is connected to the drain electrode of the first switching tube Q1; the drain electrode of the fourth switching tube Q4 is connected to the source electrode of the third switching tube Q3, and the source electrode of the fourth switching tube Q4 is connected to the source electrode of the second switching tube Q2, the negative electrode of the storage battery 12, and the second end of the capacitor C. Such a design can achieve the rectifying effect.

[0045] The second aspect embodiment of the present utility model provides a vehicle, as Figure 2 shown, the vehicle 20 includes the power supply device 10 of the above embodiment.

[0046] According to the vehicle 20 of the present utility model, by adopting the above power supply device 10, it can play a role in protecting the DC conversion circuit when the storage battery is connected in reverse.

[0047] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0048] Although the embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that: various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and purposes of the present utility model, and the scope of the present utility model is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A power supply device, characterized in that, Comprising: A low-voltage power supply circuit, the low-voltage power supply circuit including a DC conversion circuit and a storage battery; An anti-reverse connection protection component, the anti-reverse connection protection component being arranged in the low-voltage power supply circuit, and the anti-reverse connection protection component being used for restricting the current flowing through the DC conversion circuit to be lower than a preset current value when the storage battery is in a power supply connection state; A safety switch, the safety switch being arranged between the first end of the secondary side of the transformer and the positive electrode of the storage battery.

2. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein The DC conversion circuit includes: A transformer, the first end of the secondary side of the transformer being connected to the positive electrode of the storage battery; A rectification unit, the first end of the rectification unit being connected to the second end of the secondary side of the transformer, and the second end of the rectification unit being connected to the negative electrode of the storage battery.

3. The power supply device according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The anti-reverse connection protection component includes: A diode, the anode of the diode being connected to the negative electrode of the storage battery and the first output end of the DC conversion circuit, and the cathode of the diode being connected to the positive electrode of the storage battery and the second output end of the DC conversion circuit, and the diode being used for shunting the current flowing through the DC conversion circuit to restrict the current flowing through the DC conversion circuit to be lower than a preset current value.

4. The power supply device according to claim 3, wherein The low-voltage power supply circuit further includes: A fuse, the first end of the fuse being connected to the cathode of the diode and the second output end of the DC conversion circuit, and the second end of the fuse being connected to the positive electrode of the storage battery.

5. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein The anti-reverse connection protection component includes: A MOS transistor, the MOS transistor being arranged between the safety switch and the positive electrode of the storage battery, and the MOS transistor being used for cutting off the connection between the DC conversion circuit and the storage battery when the storage battery is in a power supply connection state so that the current flowing through the DC conversion circuit is zero.

6. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein The anti-reverse connection protection component includes: A MOS transistor, the MOS transistor being arranged between the first end of the secondary side of the transformer and the safety switch, and the MOS transistor being used for cutting off the connection between the DC conversion circuit and the storage battery when the storage battery is in a power supply connection state so that the current flowing through the DC conversion circuit is zero.

7. The power supply device according to claim 2, characterized in that The low-voltage power supply circuit further includes: A capacitor, the first end of the capacitor being connected to the first end of the secondary side of the transformer, and the second end of the capacitor being connected to the second end of the rectification unit and the negative electrode of the storage battery.

8. The power supply device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rectification unit includes: A first switching transistor, the source electrode of the first switching transistor being connected to the second end of the secondary side of the transformer; A second switching transistor, the drain electrode of the second switching transistor being connected to the source electrode of the first switching transistor and the second end of the secondary side of the transformer, and the source electrode of the second switching transistor being connected to the negative electrode of the storage battery and the second end of the capacitor; A third switching transistor, the drain electrode of the third switching transistor being connected to the drain electrode of the first switching transistor; A fourth switching transistor, the drain electrode of the fourth switching transistor being connected to the source electrode of the third switching transistor, and the source electrode of the fourth switching transistor being connected to the source electrode of the second switching transistor, the negative electrode of the storage battery, and the second end of the capacitor.

9. A vehicle, characterized in that, Including the power supply device according to any one of claims 1-8.

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