Railway ballast cleaning equipment
Through the automated cleaning and screening system of the sieve cleaning equipment, the problem of low manual screening efficiency is solved, and efficient and low-cost sieve treatment is achieved to ensure the quality and track stability of the sieve.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521011571.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-08
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-05-22
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the cleaning of docks is mainly carried out manually, with high labor intensity and low work efficiency.
A sieve cleaning equipment is designed, including a cleaning device and a screening machine. It uses a screw conveyor, a vibrating screening machine and a nozzle to realize automatic sieve cleaning and screening. It realizes material transportation and grading through the pushing force of the screw conveyor and the vibration power of the vibration motor. The nozzle is used for cleaning, and the screening machine is used for screening sieve sieve of different particle sizes.
It realizes highly automated cleaning and screening of ballasts, significantly improves work efficiency, reduces labor costs, and ensures that the ballast quality meets railway requirements, improving the stability and safety of track beds.
Smart Images
Figure CN223069906U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of railway maintenance, and particularly relates to a ballast screening device. Background Art
[0002] Ballast is the coarse gravel or crushed stones used to pave the roadbed of highways or railways, mainly for railway subgrades. Ballast is the crushed stones used to support the railway sleepers in the railway transportation system and is a common track bed structure. Before laying the railway tracks, a layer of crushed stones is first laid on the roadbed, compacted, and then the sleepers and tracks are laid. Using ballast can make drainage easy and the track position easy to adjust. At the same time, since the ballast disperses the weight of the train and the track on the roadbed, it can reduce the vibration and noise generated when the train passes by, thus increasing the comfort level of passengers.
[0003] The crushed stones can also disperse the vibration and high heat generated when the train passes by, keep the gauge of the rail unchanged, prevent derailment accidents, and reduce noise. The gaps between the stones can quickly drain rainwater. However, ballast tracks are not as strong as concrete, and the crushed stones will shift due to the pressure of the train, so the track position needs to be corrected regularly and the crushed stones need to be replenished; the water permeability of the ballast is strong, which can prevent weeds from growing on the railway tracks. There are also sleepers with equal distances on the ballast, which also have the effect of inhibiting plant growth.
[0004] Ballast is an important load-bearing component of railway tracks. The load generated when the train passes continuously makes it bear static and dynamic stresses. The ballast becomes pulverized and compacted due to continuous displacement and wear between the ballast, and over time, it will damage the original design performance of the ballast bed, making it difficult to play the load-bearing function, thus endangering the track stability and train operation safety. Ballast screening can restore the load-bearing function of the ballasted track bed, but currently, the screening of ballast mainly relies on manual labor, with high labor intensity and low work efficiency. Content of the Utility Model
[0005] In view of this, the utility model provides a ballast screening device to solve the problems in the prior art that the screening of ballast mainly relies on manual labor, with high labor intensity and low work efficiency.
[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:
[0007] A ballast cleaning device includes a cleaning device and a screening machine. The cleaning device includes an outer cylinder and a screw conveyor. Both ends of the screw conveyor are connected to both ends inside the outer cylinder. Water permeable holes communicating with its inner cavity are provided through the side wall of the screw conveyor. An inlet communicating with one end of the screw conveyor and an outlet communicating with the other end of the screw conveyor are provided on the side wall of the outer cylinder. Moreover, a number of spray heads communicating with its inner cavity are provided on the side wall of the outer cylinder. The number of the spray heads are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the outer cylinder. The screening machine is arranged below the outlet.
[0008] In this technical solution, it should be noted that the screening machine in this solution is an overall vibrating screening machine. Its working principle is that the vibrating force generated by the vibrating motor causes the screen mesh to vibrate. This vibration enables the materials on the screen mesh to continuously jump and roll, thereby separating the materials into particles of different particle sizes. The vibrating force of the vibrating motor causes the screen mesh to vibrate at a certain frequency and amplitude. In this way, the classification of the materials is achieved. The working principle of the screw conveyor is relatively simple and direct. When the motor is started, the driving device drives the screw shaft to rotate. During the rotation of the screw blades on the screw shaft, a driving force is exerted on the materials entering the trough. At the same time, a certain frictional force is also generated between the inner wall of the trough and the materials. Under the combined action of the driving force and the frictional force, the materials can move continuously and stably along the spiral direction of the screw blades along a specific path. The spray head in this solution is designed to be externally connected to a water pipe. During specific operations, after the external water source is pressurized by a water pump, the water source is transported through the water pipe and finally sprayed out by the spray head. The function of the spray head is to spray water onto the materials to be cleaned at a certain pressure and flow rate to clean the materials. By reasonably designing the spraying angle and flow rate of the spray head, it can ensure that the water source fully contacts the materials and achieve a good cleaning effect. At the same time, the externally connected design of the spray head facilitates the connection and replacement of the water source, adapting to different water source conditions and cleaning requirements. During the specific implementation process of this solution, first, the external water pump needs to be started. The water pump pressurizes the external water source to make it have sufficient pressure and flow rate, and then the water is sprayed by the spray head towards the screw conveyor. The water source enters the interior of the screw conveyor through the water permeable holes on the side wall of the screw conveyor. Next, a ballast grabbing mechanism, such as an excavator and other equipment, is used to grab the ballast. The grabbed ballast is transported to the feed port of the outer cylinder, and through the feed port, the ballast enters the screw conveyor. At this time, the screw conveyor is started, and the screw shaft of the screw conveyor starts to rotate, driving the ballast to move along the screw blades towards the discharge port. During the movement, the ballast will be cleaned by the water sprayed by the spray head. The water can wash away the dust, impurities and other pollutants on the surface of the ballast, purifying the ballast. The cleaned ballast is discharged from the discharge port of the screw conveyor and falls on the screening machine. The screening machine vibrates the screen mesh through the vibrating force generated by the vibrating motor to screen the cleaned ballast. To sum up, this utility model realizes a highly automated ballast cleaning and screening system by setting key components such as the screw conveyor, outer cylinder, spray head and screening machine. The whole process does not require manual intervention, significantly improving the work efficiency, and at the same time greatly reducing the labor cost. More importantly, it provides a solid guarantee for the quality of the ballast.
[0009] Preferably, the outer cylinder is inclined, and a water outlet communicating with its inner cavity is provided at the bottom of the outer cylinder.
[0010] In this technical solution, it should be noted that when the sprinkler sprays water from the water source onto the screw conveyor to clean the ballast, the sewage containing impurities will flow into the outer cylinder through the water-permeable holes on the side wall of the screw conveyor. The design of the water-permeable holes enables the water flow to smoothly enter the outer cylinder from the inside of the screw conveyor without hindering the normal operation of the screw conveyor. The sewage that enters the outer cylinder accumulates at the bottom of the outer cylinder under the action of gravity and is then discharged into the collection system through a specially designed water outlet. This collection system can be a sump or a water collection tank for temporarily storing the discharged sewage. To achieve the recycling of water resources, corresponding sewage treatment equipment can also be equipped in the system. These devices can perform treatment operations such as filtering, sedimentation, and purification on the collected sewage, removing impurities and pollutants therein to make it meet the standard for reuse. The recycled water after treatment can be reused for the cleaning process of the screw conveyor, and after being pressurized again by a water pump, it is sprayed out by the sprinkler to achieve the recycling of water resources. This not only saves a large amount of water resources but also reduces the energy consumption and costs caused by frequently replacing fresh water sources. In addition, recycling the discharged water can also reduce environmental pollution. If the untreated sewage is directly discharged into the natural environment, it may pollute the soil, water bodies, etc. and affect the ecological environment. Through reasonable recycling, the random discharge of sewage is avoided, and the surrounding environment is protected.
[0011] Preferably, the screening machine includes a frame arranged obliquely, and a first screen and a second screen are sequentially arranged on the frame from top to bottom. The first screen and the second screen are respectively parallel to the frame, and the aperture of the first screen is larger than that of the second screen.
[0012] In this technical solution, it should be noted that the aperture of the first sieve is relatively large, and its main function is to screen out larger ballast particles. When the ballast falls onto the first sieve, under the action of the powerful vibration force generated by the vibration motor, the sieve will vibrate at a certain frequency and amplitude at high frequency. This enables the larger-sized ballast particles to move quickly on the sieve. These larger-sized ballast particles do not meet the usage requirements of the track bed, so they need to be screened out. The aperture of the second sieve is relatively small, and its task is to screen out the ballast particles with too small volume. The ballast after being screened by the first sieve will continue to move along the transmission path of the screening machine to the second sieve. Similarly, the second sieve vibrates at high frequency driven by the vibration motor. The smaller-sized ballast particles will pass through the pores of the second sieve under the action of vibration and be collected in another designated area. These ballast particles with too small size also do not meet the construction standards of the track bed, so they need to be removed. Through the strict screening of these two sieves with one large and one small apertures, we screen out the ballast with too large and too small volumes and discharge them to both sides of the track bed. This can ensure that the ballast used for the track bed has uniform particle size and qualified quality, meeting the railway requirements. Finally, the qualified ballast will be conveyed to the paving and compaction mechanism. This mechanism will evenly pave the ballast on the track bed to ensure that the surface of the ballast is flat and stable. Subsequently, the compaction device will compact the paved ballast to increase the density of the ballast, thereby improving the stability and bearing capacity of the track bed. This series of operations are all to ensure the safety and reliability of the track and provide a solid foundation for the smooth operation of the train.
[0013] Preferably, the outer sides of the first sieve and the second sieve are respectively butted with a first guide plate and a second guide plate. The length of the first guide plate is greater than the length of the second guide plate, and a collection box is provided below the second guide plate. A first filter plate is embedded in the collection box, and a plurality of first filter holes are provided through the first filter plate.
[0014] In this technical solution, it should be noted that a first guide plate and a second guide plate are respectively butted on the outer sides of the first sieve and the second sieve. The length of the first guide plate is greater than that of the second guide plate. Such a design is to better guide ballast of different particle sizes to different collection areas. The longer first guide plate can ensure that the unqualified large-particle-size ballast screened out on the first sieve can be accurately guided to the designated position to prevent it from mixing into the qualified ballast. The relatively shorter second guide plate is used to accurately guide the qualified ballast screened out on the second sieve into the collection box for storage. A collection box is provided below the second guide plate, and a first filter plate is embedded in the collection box. A plurality of first filter holes are provided through the first filter plate. The main function of the collection box is to store the qualified ballast screened out by the second sieve. When the qualified ballast is introduced into the collection box by the second guide plate, the excess moisture that may be carried on the ballast can be filtered through the first filter holes on the first filter plate. The design of the first filter plate can effectively filter out the moisture in the ballast, prevent the ballast from getting damp or caking, and ensure the quality and performance of the ballast. At the same time, the filtered moisture can be collected for subsequent treatment or recycling, reflecting the concept of environmental protection and resource conservation. By guiding the unqualified large-particle-size ballast screened out on the first sieve through the first guide plate, it can be ensured that these unqualified ballasts are centrally collected and processed without interfering with the subsequent construction or production process. The second guide plate is responsible for accurately guiding the qualified ballast screened out on the second sieve into the collection box for convenient subsequent storage and use. The filter plate provided in the collection box filters the excess moisture on the ballast, ensuring the dryness and quality of the ballast and providing good conditions for the subsequent use of the ballast.
[0015] Preferably, a buffer plate is provided on one side of the interior of the collection box away from the screening machine, and the buffer plate is connected to the collection box through a spring.
[0016] In this technical solution, it should be noted that when the ballast falls into the collection box from the second material guiding plate, it will impact the collection box, reducing the service life of the collection box. Based on this, this solution is provided with a spring and a buffer plate to effectively reduce the impact of the ballast on the collection box and improve the service life and stability of the collection box. When the ballast falls from the second material guiding plate into the collection box, it will first hit the buffer plate. The buffer plate is not directly fixed to the collection box, but is connected to the collection box through a spring. This design makes the buffer plate have a certain elasticity and can displace under the impact of the ballast. When the ballast hits the buffer plate, the buffer plate will move towards the inside of the collection box and compress the spring at the same time. The elastic force of the spring can effectively absorb the impact energy of the ballast, thereby reducing the direct impact force on the collection box. The design of the buffer plate also takes into account the flow rate of the ballast and the distribution of the impact force. The shape and size of the buffer plate can be optimized according to actual needs to ensure that the impact of the ballast can be effectively buffered under different working conditions. At the same time, the surface of the buffer plate can be specially treated to improve its wear resistance and impact resistance performance, further extending its service life. Through this combined design of the spring and the buffer plate, the impact force of the ballast is effectively dispersed and absorbed, and the force on the collection box is significantly reduced. This not only improves the service life of the collection box, but also reduces equipment damage and maintenance costs caused by excessive impact force. In addition, this design can also reduce the noise level during equipment operation and improve the comfort of the working environment. To sum up, this solution effectively solves the problem of the impact of the ballast on the collection box by setting a spring and a buffer plate, improving the overall performance and reliability of the equipment.
[0017] Preferably, a baffle is provided at the top of the buffer plate, the bottom of the baffle is higher than the top of the collection box, and the baffle is located above the spring.
[0018] In this technical solution, it should be noted that by providing the baffle, it can effectively prevent the ballast from falling into the gap between the buffer plate and the collection box, thus avoiding jamming of the spring.
[0019] Preferably, a collection hopper is provided below the frame, a second filter plate is embedded in the collection hopper, and a plurality of second filter holes are provided through the second filter plate.
[0020] In this technical solution, it should be noted that the provided collection hopper is used to collect the ballast with smaller particle sizes, and the provided second filter plate is used to filter the ballast.
[0021] Preferably, a conveyor belt is further included, and the discharge end of the conveyor belt is located above the feed port.
[0022] In this technical solution, it should be noted that the provided conveyor belt is used to transport the ballast into the feed port of the outer cylinder.
[0023] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:
[0024] 1. In the present utility model, through key components such as a screw conveyor, an outer cylinder, a spray head, and a screening machine, a highly automated ballast cleaning and screening system is realized. The entire process requires no manual intervention, significantly improving work efficiency, while greatly reducing labor costs. More importantly, it provides a solid guarantee for the quality of the ballast;
[0025] 2. In the present utility model, through the strict screening of such a large and a small sieve mesh, ballast that is too large or too small in volume is screened out and discharged to both sides of the track bed. This can ensure that the ballast used for the track bed has uniform particle size and qualified quality, meeting railway requirements;
[0026] 3. In the present utility model, the provided baffle can effectively prevent the ballast from falling into the gap between the buffer plate and the collection box, thus avoiding jamming of the spring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] The present utility model will be described by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, where:
[0028] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;
[0029] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional sectional structural schematic diagram of the outer cylinder of the present utility model;
[0030] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the screening machine of the present utility model;
[0031] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the collection box of the present utility model;
[0032] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the collection box of the present utility model without a baffle;
[0033] Wherein: 1 - cleaning device, 2 - screening machine, 3 - outer cylinder, 4 - screw conveyor, 5 - feed inlet, 6 - discharge outlet, 7 - spray head, 8 - water outlet, 9 - first sieve mesh, 10 - second sieve mesh, 11 - frame, 12 - first guide plate, 13 - second guide plate, 14 - collection box, 15 - first filter screen, 16 - baffle, 17 - buffer plate, 18 - spring, 19 - conveyor belt, 20 - collection hopper, 21 - second filter screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present utility model. The components of the embodiments of the present utility model described and illustrated herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0035] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present utility model provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present utility model, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present utility model.
[0036] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present utility model and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.
[0037] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.
[0038] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or may include indirect contact between the first and second features through additional features therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over", and "on top of" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below", and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.
[0039] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present utility model and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.
[0040] Example 1
[0041] As Figures 1-5As shown, a ballast cleaning device is disclosed in the embodiment of the utility model, including a cleaning device 1 and a screening machine 2, wherein the cleaning device 1 includes an outer cylinder 3 and a screw conveyor 4, wherein the two ends of the screw conveyor 4 are connected to the two ends inside the outer cylinder 3, and the side wall of the screw conveyor 4 is provided with a water-permeable hole connected to its inner cavity; the side wall of the outer cylinder 3 is provided with a feed port 5 connected to one end of the screw conveyor 4 and a discharge port 6 connected to the other end of the screw conveyor 4, and the side wall of the outer cylinder 3 is also provided with a plurality of nozzles 7 connected to its inner cavity, and the plurality of nozzles 7 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the outer cylinder 3; the screening machine 2 is arranged below the discharge port 6. It should be noted that the screening machine 2 in this scheme adopts a vibrating screening machine 2 as a whole. Its working principle is to vibrate the screen by the vibration force generated by the vibration motor on the screening machine 2. This vibration can make the material on the screen constantly jump and roll, thereby separating the material into particles of different sizes. The vibration force of the vibration motor makes the screen vibrate at a certain frequency and amplitude. In this way, the material is graded. The working principle of the screw conveyor 4 is relatively simple and direct. When the motor at the end of the screw conveyor 4 is started, the screw shaft will be driven to rotate. During the rotation process, the spiral blades on the spiral shaft will exert a driving force on the material entering the material trough. At the same time, a certain friction force will be generated between the inner wall of the trough and the material. Under the combined action of the driving force and the friction force, the material can be continuously and stably transported along the spiral direction of the spiral blade and along a specific path. The nozzle 7 in this scheme is designed to be connected to an external water pipe. During the specific operation, after the external water source is pressurized by the water pump, the water source will be transported through the water pipe and finally sprayed out by the nozzle 7. The function of the nozzle 7 is to spray water at a certain pressure and flow rate onto the material to be cleaned to clean the material. By reasonably designing the spray angle and flow rate of the nozzle 7, it can be ensured that the water source fully contacts the material to achieve a good cleaning effect. At the same time, the external design of the nozzle 7 facilitates the connection and replacement of the water source, and adapts to different water source conditions and cleaning needs. In the specific implementation process of this scheme, it is necessary to start the external water pump first. The water pump pressurizes the external water source to make it have sufficient pressure and flow, and then the nozzle 7 sprays water to the screw conveyor 4. The water source enters the screw conveyor 4 through the water-permeable holes on the side wall of the screw conveyor 4. Next, the ballast is grabbed by a ballast grabbing mechanism, such as an excavator or other equipment. The grabbed ballast is transported to the feed port 5 of the outer tube 3, and the ballast enters the screw conveyor 4 through the feed port 5. At this time, the screw conveyor 4 is started, and the spiral shaft of the screw conveyor 4 begins to rotate, driving the ballast to move along the spiral blade toward the discharge port 6. During the movement, the ballast will be cleaned by the water sprayed from the nozzle 7. Water can wash away pollutants such as dust and impurities on the surface of the ballast, so that the ballast is purified. The cleaned ballast is discharged from the discharge port 6 of the screw conveyor 4 and falls on the screening machine 2.The screening machine 2 generates a vibrating force through a vibrating motor, causing the screen mesh to vibrate and screen the cleaned ballast. In summary, through the key components such as the screw conveyor 4, the outer cylinder 3, the spray head 7, and the screening machine 2 set in the present utility model, a highly automated ballast cleaning and screening system is realized. The whole process requires no manual intervention, significantly improving the work efficiency, while greatly reducing the labor cost. More importantly, it provides a solid guarantee for the quality of the ballast.
[0042] As Figure 2 shown, in this embodiment, the outer cylinder 3 is inclined, and a water outlet 8 communicating with its inner cavity is provided at the bottom of the outer cylinder 3. It should be noted that when the spray head 7 sprays water onto the screw conveyor 4 to clean the ballast, the sewage containing impurities will flow into the outer cylinder 3 through the water permeable holes on the side wall of the screw conveyor 4. The design of the water permeable holes enables the water flow to smoothly enter the outer cylinder 3 from the inside of the screw conveyor 4 without hindering the normal operation of the screw conveyor 4. The sewage entering the outer cylinder 3 accumulates at the bottom of the outer cylinder 3 under the action of gravity and is then discharged into the collection system through the specially designed water outlet 8. This collection system can be a sump or a water tank for temporarily storing the discharged sewage. In order to realize the recycling of water resources, corresponding sewage treatment equipment can also be equipped in the system. These devices can perform treatment operations such as filtering, sedimentation, and purification on the collected sewage, removing impurities and pollutants therein to make it meet the standard for reuse. The recycled water after treatment can be reused for the cleaning process of the screw conveyor 4, sprayed out by the spray head 7 again after being pressurized by a water pump, realizing the recycling of water resources. This not only saves a large amount of water resources but also reduces the energy consumption and cost caused by frequently replacing fresh water sources. In addition, recycling the discharged water can also reduce environmental pollution. If the untreated sewage is directly discharged into the natural environment, it may pollute the soil, water bodies, etc., affecting the ecological environment. Through reasonable recycling, the random discharge of sewage is avoided, protecting the surrounding environment.
[0043] Embodiment 2
[0044] As Figure 3As shown in the figure, this embodiment is substantially the same as the above embodiment, except that the screening machine 2 includes a frame 11 arranged obliquely, and a first screen 9 and a second screen 10 are successively arranged on the frame 11 from top to bottom. The first screen 9 and the second screen 10 are respectively parallel to the frame 11, and the aperture of the first screen 9 is larger than that of the second screen 10. It should be noted that the aperture of the first screen 9 is relatively large, and its main function is to screen out larger ballast particles. When the ballast falls onto the first screen 9, under the action of the strong vibration force generated by the vibration motor, the screen will vibrate at a certain frequency and amplitude at high frequency. This enables the larger-sized ballast particles to move quickly on the screen. These larger-sized ballast particles do not meet the usage requirements of the track bed, so they need to be screened out. The aperture of the second screen 10 is relatively small, and its task is to screen out the ballast particles with too small volume. The ballast after being screened by the first screen 9 will continue to move along the transmission path of the screening machine 2 to the second screen 10. Similarly, the second screen 10 vibrates at high frequency under the drive of the vibration motor. The smaller-sized ballast particles will pass through the pores of the second screen 10 under the action of vibration and be collected in another designated area. These ballast particles with too small size also do not meet the construction standards of the track bed, so they need to be removed. Through the strict screening of these two screens with one large and one small aperture, we screen out the ballast with too large and too small volume and discharge them to both sides of the track bed. This can ensure that the ballast used for the track bed has uniform particle size and qualified quality, meeting the railway requirements. Finally, the qualified ballast will be conveyed to the paving and compaction mechanism. This mechanism will evenly pave the ballast on the track bed to ensure that the surface of the ballast is flat and stable. Subsequently, the compaction device will compact the paved ballast to increase the density of the ballast, thereby improving the stability and bearing capacity of the track bed. This series of operations are all to ensure the safety and reliability of the track and provide a solid foundation for the smooth operation of the train.
[0045] As Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, a first guide plate 12 and a second guide plate 13 are respectively butted on the outer sides of the first screen 9 and the second screen 10. The length of the first guide plate 12 is greater than that of the second guide plate 13, and a collection box 14 is provided below the second guide plate 13. A first filter plate is embedded in the collection box 14, and a plurality of first filter holes are provided through the first filter plate. It should be noted that the first guide plate 12 and the second guide plate 13 are respectively butted on the outer sides of the first screen 9 and the second screen 10. The length of the first guide plate 12 is greater than that of the second guide plate 13. Such a design is to better guide the ballast with different particle sizes to different collection areas. The first guide plate 12 is longer, which can ensure that the unqualified large-particle-size ballast screened out on the first screen 9 can be accurately guided to the designated position to prevent it from mixing into the qualified ballast. The second guide plate 13 is relatively short, and its function is to accurately guide the qualified ballast screened out on the second screen 10 into the collection box 14 for storage. The collection box 14 is provided below the second guide plate 13. A first filter plate is embedded in the collection box 14, and a plurality of first filter holes are provided through the first filter plate. The main function of the collection box 14 is to store the qualified ballast screened out by the second screen 10. When the qualified ballast is introduced into the collection box 14 by the second guide plate 13, the excess moisture carried by the ballast can be filtered through the first filter holes on the first filter plate. The design of the first filter plate can effectively filter out the moisture in the ballast, prevent the ballast from getting damp or caking, and ensure the quality and performance of the ballast. At the same time, the filtered moisture can be collected for subsequent treatment or recycling, reflecting the concept of environmental protection and resource conservation. By guiding the unqualified large-particle-size ballast screened out on the first screen 9 through the first guide plate 12, it can ensure that these unqualified ballasts are centrally collected and processed without interfering with the subsequent construction or production process. The second guide plate 13 is responsible for accurately guiding the qualified ballast screened out on the second screen 10 into the collection box 14, facilitating subsequent storage and use. The filter plate provided in the collection box 14 filters the excess moisture on the ballast, ensuring the dryness and quality of the ballast and providing good conditions for the subsequent use of the ballast.
[0046] As Figure 5As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, a buffer plate 17 is provided on one side of the inside of the collection box 14 away from the screening machine 2, and the buffer plate 17 is connected to the collection box 14 through a spring 18. It should be noted that when the ballast falls into the collection box 14 from the second guide plate 13, it will impact the collection box 14, reducing the service life of the collection box 14. Based on this, this solution is provided with a spring 18 and a buffer plate 17 to effectively reduce the impact of the ballast on the collection box 14 and improve the service life and stability of the collection box 14. When the ballast falls from the second guide plate 13 into the collection box 14, it will first hit the buffer plate 17. The buffer plate 17 is not directly fixed to the collection box 14, but is connected to the collection box 14 through a spring 18. This design makes the buffer plate 17 have a certain elasticity and can displace under the impact of the ballast. When the ballast hits the buffer plate 17, the buffer plate 17 will move towards the inside of the collection box 14 and compress the spring 18 at the same time. The elastic force of the spring 18 can effectively absorb the impact energy of the ballast, thereby reducing the direct impact force on the collection box 14. The design of the buffer plate 17 also takes into account the flow rate of the ballast and the distribution of the impact force. The shape and size of the buffer plate 17 can be optimized according to actual needs to ensure that the impact of the ballast can be effectively buffered under different working conditions. At the same time, the surface of the buffer plate 17 can be specially treated to improve its wear resistance and impact resistance, further extending its service life. Through this combined design of the spring 18 and the buffer plate 17, the impact force of the ballast is effectively dispersed and absorbed, and the force on the collection box 14 is significantly reduced. This not only improves the service life of the collection box 14, but also reduces equipment damage and maintenance costs caused by excessive impact force. In addition, this design can also reduce the noise level during equipment operation and improve the comfort of the working environment. In summary, this solution effectively solves the problem of the impact of the ballast on the collection box 14 by setting the spring 18 and the buffer plate 17, and improves the overall performance and reliability of the equipment.
[0047] As Figure 4 shown in the figure, in this embodiment, a baffle 16 is provided at the top of the buffer plate 17. The bottom of the baffle 16 is higher than the top of the collection box 14, and the baffle 16 is located above the spring 18. It should be noted that by providing the baffle 16, it can effectively prevent the ballast from falling into the gap between the buffer plate 17 and the collection box 14, thus avoiding jamming of the spring 18.
[0048] As Figure 3 shown in the figure, in this embodiment, a collection hopper 20 is provided below the frame 11. A second filter plate is embedded in the collection hopper 20, and a plurality of second filter holes are provided through the second filter plate. It should be noted that the provided collection hopper 20 is used to collect ballast with a smaller particle size, and the provided second filter plate is used to filter the ballast.
[0049] Embodiment 3
[0050] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment is substantially the same as the above embodiment, except that in this embodiment, it further includes a conveyor belt 19, and the discharge end of the conveyor belt 19 is located above the feed port 5.
[0051] It should be noted that the provided conveyor belt 19 is used to transport ballast into the feed port 5 of the outer cylinder 3.
[0052] The circuits, electronic components and modules involved are all prior arts, which can be fully realized by those skilled in the art without further elaboration. The content protected by the present utility model also does not involve improvements to software and methods.
[0053] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. For the same and similar parts among the various embodiments, reference can be made to each other.
[0054] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present utility model. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the present utility model will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A ballast screening equipment, characterized in that It includes a cleaning device (1) and a screening machine (2). The cleaning device (1) includes an outer cylinder (3) and a screw conveyor (4). Both ends of the screw conveyor (4) are connected to both ends inside the outer cylinder (3). Water-permeable holes communicating with its inner cavity are provided through the side wall of the screw conveyor (4). An inlet (5) communicating with one end of the screw conveyor (4) and an outlet (6) communicating with the other end of the screw conveyor (4) are provided on the side wall of the outer cylinder (3). Moreover, a plurality of spray heads (7) communicating with its inner cavity are also provided on the side wall of the outer cylinder (3). The plurality of spray heads (7) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the outer cylinder (3). The screening machine (2) is arranged below the outlet (6).
2. The ballast screening equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that The outer cylinder (3) is inclined, and a water outlet (8) communicating with its inner cavity is provided at the bottom of the outer cylinder (3).
3. The ballast screening equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screening machine (2) includes an inclined frame (11). A first screen (9) and a second screen (10) are successively arranged on the frame (11) from top to bottom. The first screen (9) and the second screen (10) are respectively parallel to the frame (11). The aperture of the first screen (9) is larger than that of the second screen (10).
4. The ballast screening equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, A first guide plate (12) and a second guide plate (13) are respectively butted on the outer sides of the first screen (9) and the second screen (10). The length of the first guide plate (12) is greater than that of the second guide plate (13). Moreover, a collection box (14) is provided below the second guide plate (13). A first filter plate is embedded in the collection box (14), and a plurality of first filter holes are provided through the first filter plate.
5. The ballast screening equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, A buffer plate (17) is provided on one side of the collection box (14) far from the screening machine (2). The buffer plate (17) is connected to the collection box (14) through a spring (18).
6. The ballast screening equipment according to claim 5, wherein, A baffle (16) is provided at the top of the buffer plate (17). The bottom of the baffle (16) is higher than the top of the collection box (14), and the baffle (16) is located above the spring (18).
7. The ballast screening equipment according to claim 3, wherein, A collection hopper (20) is provided below the frame (11). A second filter plate is embedded in the collection hopper (20), and a plurality of second filter holes are provided through the second filter plate.
8. The ballast screening equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a conveyor belt (19). The discharge end of the conveyor belt (19) is located above the inlet (5).