Electric vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to an electric vehicle and belongs to the technical field of mounting structures of vehicle power devices. The electric vehicle comprises a chassis and a battery box, a damping air bag and a retaining mechanism are arranged between the battery box and the chassis, the upper end and the lower end of the damping air bag are connected with the battery box and the chassis respectively, the retaining mechanism comprises a guide seat and a guide rod movably installed on the guide seat in a guiding mode, and one of the guide rod and the guide seat is fixed to the chassis while the other is fixed to the battery box. When the battery box vibrates up and down, the guide rod is guided to move relative to the guide seat, the damping air bag is elastically deformed, the damping air bag is matched with the maintaining mechanism, so that the battery box is reliably connected with the chassis, meanwhile, a good damping effect on the battery box can be achieved, and the damping device is suitable for scenes with large up-down vibration amplitude.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an electric vehicle and belongs to the technical field of mounting structures of vehicle power devices. Background Art

[0002] Off-road wide-body dump trucks are vehicles suitable for transporting coal, sand and other materials in open-pit mining areas. With the development of new energy technologies, mining vehicles are increasingly electrified. For example, a Chinese utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN214874399U discloses an off-road electric wide-body mining truck. This electric vehicle includes a chassis, a cab and a carriage are fixedly installed above the chassis, and the carriage is used to load materials such as coal and ore. There is a space between the cab and the carriage, and the space is open on the top and left and right sides. The battery box is arranged in the space, and the battery box is fixed to the top surface of the chassis by bolts, and the bolts constitute a connecting piece connecting the battery box and the chassis.

[0003] The working environment of mining vehicles is relatively harsh, and the road conditions are poor. The vehicle is prone to bumps during driving, which will cause the battery box to vibrate, making the battery box easily damaged and affecting its service life. In order to reduce the damage of vibration to the power battery, a shock-absorbing rubber pad is usually set between the battery box and the chassis. The battery box is fixed to the chassis by bolts and supported on the chassis by the shock-absorbing rubber pad. This structure that uses shock-absorbing rubber pads for shock absorption can play a shock-absorbing role when the battery box presses down on the shock-absorbing rubber pad, but it cannot play a good shock-absorbing role in the upward direction. It is not well applicable to some scenes where the battery box has a large up and down vibration amplitude. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide an electric vehicle to solve the problem that the shock absorbing structure of the battery box of the current electric vehicle cannot be well applied to the scene with large up and down vibration amplitude.

[0005] The technical solution of the electric vehicle of the utility model is:

[0006] An electric vehicle comprises a chassis and a battery box. A shock-absorbing airbag and a retaining mechanism are arranged between the battery box and the chassis. The upper and lower ends of the shock-absorbing airbag are respectively connected to the battery box and the chassis. The retaining mechanism comprises a guide seat and a guide rod movably mounted on the guide seat. One of the guide rod and the guide seat is fixed to the chassis, and the other is fixed to the battery box. When the battery box vibrates up and down, the guide rod is guided relative to the guide seat and the shock-absorbing airbag is elastically deformed.

[0007] Furthermore, the retaining mechanism is a shock absorber, which buffers the vibration of the battery box when the guide rod moves relative to the guide seat.

[0008] Further, the holding mechanism is a pneumatic shock absorber, which includes a cylinder block and a piston rod. The cylinder block forms the guide seat, and the piston rod forms the guide rod. The piston rod and the cylinder block enclose an air chamber. When the guide rod moves relative to the guide seat, the air pressure in the air chamber changes to buffer the vibration of the battery box.

[0009] Further, a longitudinal force transmission structure is provided between the battery box and the chassis. The longitudinal force transmission structure includes a longitudinal force transmission connecting rod connecting the battery box and the chassis, and the longitudinal force transmission connecting rod is used to transmit the front-back direction force of the battery box on the chassis.

[0010] Further, the longitudinal force transmission structure includes a first thrust rod arranged longitudinally, and the first thrust rod forms a kind of longitudinal force transmission connecting rod.

[0011] Further, the longitudinal force transmission structure includes two second thrust rods arranged at an angle. The two second thrust rods are symmetric left and right and are respectively connected to the chassis and the battery box at the front and rear ends. The second thrust rod forms a kind of longitudinal force transmission connecting rod.

[0012] Further, a lateral stability structure is provided between the battery box and the chassis. The lateral stability structure includes a stabilizer bar. The middle part of the stabilizer bar is rotatably connected to the battery box, and the rotation axis at this part extends in the left-right direction. Swing rods are respectively hinged at both ends of the stabilizer bar. The two swing rods are arranged at an interval left and right. One end of the swing rod is hinged to the stabilizer bar, and the other end is hinged to the chassis. The hinge axis of the hinged part of the swing rod extends in the left-right direction.

[0013] Further, the stabilizer bar is a U-shaped bar, which includes an intermediate section and two side sections connected to both ends of the intermediate section. The intermediate section extends in the left-right direction and forms the middle part of the stabilizer bar, and the side section is hinged to the corresponding swing rod.

[0014] Further, the chassis includes a vehicle frame, and the vehicle frame includes a longitudinal main beam extending front and rear. The holding mechanism is connected to one side of the longitudinal main beam in the left-right direction.

[0015] Further, at least two shock-absorbing air bags are provided in the left-right direction of the chassis.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The present utility model makes element changes on the basis of the electric vehicle in the prior art. By arranging a shock-absorbing air bag and a holding mechanism between the battery box and the chassis, the upper and lower ends of the shock-absorbing air bag are respectively connected to the battery box and the chassis to stretch and compress the shock-absorbing air bag when the battery box vibrates up and down relative to the chassis to achieve shock absorption. Since only relying on the shock-absorbing air bag to connect the battery box and the chassis cannot keep the horizontal position of the battery box, a holding mechanism is set to limit the movement of the battery box relative to the chassis, and the guide rod of the holding mechanism guides and moves relative to the guide seat to keep the horizontal position of the battery box. In this way, the shock-absorbing air bag is used in cooperation with the holding mechanism to make the connection between the battery box and the chassis reliable and can play a good shock-absorbing role for the battery box, which is applicable to scenarios with a large up and down vibration amplitude. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 Front view of the electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 Top view of the electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 Rear side view of the electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the installation positions of the longitudinal force transmission structure, the lateral stability structure and the shock absorber on the frame of the electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the lateral stability structure and the battery box frame of the electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0022] In the figures:

[0023] 1, cab; 2, chassis; 21, longitudinal main beam; 3, front wheel; 4, middle wheel; 5, rear wheel; 6, carriage; 7, battery box frame; 8, shock absorption airbag; 9, shock absorber; 10, first thrust rod; 11, second thrust rod; 12, stabilizer bar; 13, swing rod; 14, clamp. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0024] The present utility model uses a shock absorption airbag in cooperation with an up-and-down guiding holding mechanism to make the connection between the battery box and the chassis reliable and can play a good shock absorption role in both the up-and-down vibrations of the battery box, and is applicable to scenarios with a large amplitude of up-and-down vibrations.

[0025] Embodiment of the electric vehicle of the present utility model:

[0026] The electric vehicle of this embodiment is a pure electric non-road wide-body dump truck, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 shown. The electric vehicle includes a chassis 2, on which a cab 1 is provided and front wheels 3, middle wheels 4 and rear wheels 5 are installed. A carriage 6 is installed on the chassis 2. The carriage 6 is located behind the cab 1. The main body of the carriage 6 is arranged at an interval from the cab 1 in the front-rear direction. A battery box is provided between the main body of the carriage 6 and the cab 1. The battery box includes a battery box frame 7 and battery packs installed on the battery box frame 7. The battery box frame 7 is provided with multiple layers of installation spaces in the up-and-down direction, and each layer is provided with battery packs. A brim is provided at the front end of the carriage 6 to shield the battery box above.

[0027] A shock-absorbing airbag 8 is provided between the battery box and the chassis 2. The upper and lower ends of the shock-absorbing airbag 8 are respectively connected to the battery box frame 7 and the chassis 2. When the battery box vibrates up and down relative to the chassis 2, the shock-absorbing airbag 8 can be stretched and compressed to achieve shock absorption. Since only relying on the shock-absorbing airbag 8 to connect the battery box frame 7 and the chassis 2 cannot maintain the horizontal position of the battery box, a holding mechanism is also provided between the battery box and the chassis 2. The holding mechanism includes a guide seat and a guide rod that is movably installed on the guide seat. One of the guide rod and the guide seat is fixed to the chassis 2, and the other is fixed to the battery box frame 7. The cooperation between the guide rod and the guide seat is used to maintain the horizontal position of the battery box relative to the chassis 2. When the battery box vibrates up and down, the guide rod moves relative to the guide seat in a guiding manner and causes the shock-absorbing airbag 8 to elastically deform. The cooperation between the shock-absorbing airbag 8 and the holding mechanism can make the connection between the battery box and the chassis 2 reliable and can play a good shock-absorbing role for the battery box, which is applicable to scenarios with a large amplitude of up and down vibration.

[0028] The main part of the battery box frame 7 for installing the battery pack is located above the chassis 2. The shock-absorbing airbag 8 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the chassis 2 and is connected to the lower side of the main part of the battery box frame 7. The shock-absorbing airbag 8 can be used for vertical shock absorption between the chassis 2 and the battery box frame 7. There are four shock-absorbing airbags 8, which are distributed at the four corners of a rectangle, that is, the shock-absorbing airbags 8 are arranged in two columns in the left-right direction of the chassis 2, and there are two in the front and back in each column. Each shock-absorbing airbag 8 is arranged at a position close to the middle in the left-right direction at the bottom of the battery box frame 7. Since the shock-absorbing airbag 8 is added between the battery box and the chassis 2 in the up-down direction, in order not to increase the installation height of the battery box relative to the chassis 2, one layer of battery pack is reduced from the battery box. The thickness of the shock-absorbing airbag 8 in the up-down direction is less than the thickness of the battery pack in the battery box, so that the installation height of the overall battery box frame 7 can be effectively reduced, and it is also beneficial to reduce the center of gravity and ensure the stability of the battery box.

[0029] The holding mechanism is a shock absorber 9. The shock absorber 9 is arranged vertically. The shock absorber 9 is a pneumatic shock absorber. The pneumatic shock absorber is a prior art. The shock absorber 9 includes a cylinder mechanism. The cylinder mechanism includes a cylinder body and a piston rod. The cylinder body constitutes the guide seat, and the piston rod constitutes the guide rod. The piston rod extends up and down. The piston rod and the cylinder body enclose an air chamber. When the guide rod moves relative to the guide seat, the air pressure in the air chamber changes to buffer the vibration of the battery box. The cooperation between the piston rod and the cylinder body of the pneumatic shock absorber 9 can play a vertical damping shock-absorbing role for the battery box while maintaining the horizontal position of the battery box frame 7, improving the shock-absorbing effect.

[0030] There are four shock absorbers 9, which are distributed at the four corners of a rectangle. The chassis 2 includes a vehicle frame, and the vehicle frame includes longitudinal main beams 21 extending in the front and rear directions. There are two longitudinal main beams 21 on the left and right. The longitudinal direction is the front and rear direction, the transverse direction is the left and right direction, the front and rear direction is the vehicle length direction, and the left and right direction is the vehicle width direction. The horizontal position of the battery box frame 7 includes positions in the front and rear directions and positions in the left and right directions. The four shock absorbers 9 are divided into two columns in the left and right directions, with two in the front and rear in each column. The two shock absorbers 9 in the left column and the two shock absorbers 9 in the right column are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the two longitudinal main beams 21 in the left and right directions. The cylinder body of the shock absorber 9 is fixedly connected to the battery box frame 7, and a fixing seat for fixing the cylinder body of the shock absorber 9 is provided at the bottom of the main body of the battery box frame 7. The piston rod of the shock absorber 9 is fixedly connected to the longitudinal main beam 21, and fixing seats for fixing the piston rod of the shock absorber 9 are provided on the corresponding side surfaces of the longitudinal main beam 21 in the left and right directions. The two front shock absorbers 9 are fixed to the front end of the bottom of the main body of the battery box frame 7, and the two rear shock absorbers 9 are fixed to the rear end of the bottom of the main body of the battery box frame 7. Each shock absorber 9 can stably support the battery box, and while providing vertical shock absorption, it can reliably limit the front and rear positions and left and right positions of the battery box. Moreover, when the battery box vibrates in the front and rear or left and right directions, the shock-absorbing airbag 8 can buffer the vibration and share the force, which is beneficial to the reliable use of the shock absorber 9.

[0031] To improve the longitudinal stability of the floating battery box, a longitudinal force transmission structure is provided between the battery box and the chassis 2. The longitudinal force transmission structure includes longitudinal force transmission connecting rods that connect the battery box and the chassis 2, and the longitudinal force transmission connecting rods are used to transmit the front-back direction force of the battery box on the chassis 2. The longitudinal force transmission structure includes a first thrust rod 10 and a second thrust rod 11. The first thrust rod 10 and the second thrust rod 11 respectively constitute a kind of longitudinal force transmission connecting rod, and the thrust rods are used to limit the front and back while allowing the battery box to float up and down. The thrust rod is a prior art. The thrust rod includes a main rod body and connecting shafts respectively arranged at both ends of the main rod body. The connecting shafts are rotatable relative to the main rod body and the axis direction of rotation is perpendicular to the length direction of the main rod body. The first thrust rod 10 is horizontally arranged, and the angle between it and the horizontal plane does not exceed 3°, so as to avoid excessive shear force on the first thrust rod 10. Both ends of the first thrust rod 10 are respectively connected to the battery box and the chassis 2. There are two downwardly extending first frame supports at the bottom of the main body of the battery box frame 7, and the two first frame supports are respectively used to connect the two first thrust rods 10. The two first frame supports are respectively located on the left and right sides of the two longitudinal main beams 21. Correspondingly, the two first thrust rods 10 are respectively connected to the left and right sides of the two longitudinal main beams 21, and first main beam supports for connecting the first thrust rod 10 are provided on the corresponding side surfaces of the longitudinal main beam 21. The second thrust rod 11 is arranged within the vertical interval between the chassis 2 and the main body of the battery box frame 7. There are two second thrust rods 11 and they are horizontally arranged. The two second thrust rods 11 are arranged at an angle. The rear ends of the two second thrust rods 11 are close to each other and connected to the battery box frame 7, and the front ends of the two second thrust rods 11 are far from each other and connected to the vehicle frame of the chassis 2. Cross beams are fixed on the two longitudinal main beams 21 of the vehicle frame, and the front ends of the two second thrust rods 11 are connected to the cross beams. The two second thrust rods 11 are symmetrically arranged left and right. There is a second frame support for connecting the front ends of the two second thrust rods 11 at the bottom of the main body of the battery box frame 7. The cross beams fixed on the longitudinal main beam 21 constitute a second main beam support for connecting the two second thrust rods 11. The two second thrust rods 11 are arranged in a "V" shape, which is beneficial to the conduction and decomposition of force when the vehicle brakes during movement. The setting of the first thrust rod 10 and the second thrust rod 11 helps to limit the front and back of the battery box during the movement of the vehicle and is beneficial to the stability of the battery box.

[0032] In order to improve the lateral stability of the floating battery box, a lateral stability structure is provided between the battery box and the chassis 2. The lateral stability structure is arranged on the front side of the battery box. The lateral stability structure includes a stabilizer bar 12 and swing arms 13. The stabilizer bar 12 is an integrally formed U-shaped bar. The stabilizer bar 12 includes a middle section and two side sections connected to both ends of the middle section. The middle section of the stabilizer bar 12 extends in the left-right direction and forms the middle part of the stabilizer bar 12. The middle part of the stabilizer bar 12 is rotatably connected to the battery box, and the rotation axis at this position extends in the left-right direction. A connecting seat for the rotatable connection of the stabilizer bar 12 is provided on the battery box frame 7. The connecting seat is provided with a structure for limiting the stabilizer bar 12 in the left-right direction so that the stabilizer bar 12 can rotate but cannot move left and right relative to the battery box. The connecting seat on the battery box frame 7 for the rotatable connection of the stabilizer bar 12 includes two pairs of clamps 14. The two clamps 14 are fixedly connected by bolts. One of the clamps is fixed on the front side of the battery box frame. A limiting groove is provided on the clamp 14, and a limiting ring platform is provided on the stabilizer bar 12. The limiting grooves of the two clamps form a limiting ring groove for the limiting installation of the limiting ring platform. The limiting ring platform can rotate in the limiting ring groove, and at the same time, the limiting ring groove cooperates with the limiting ring platform to limit the stabilizer bar 12 in the left-right direction. The ends of the two side sections of the stabilizer bar 12 far from the middle section form the two ends of the stabilizer bar 12. Swing arms 13 are respectively hinged to the two ends of the stabilizer bar 12. The two swing arms 13 are arranged at intervals left and right. One end of the swing arm 13 is hinged to the stabilizer bar 12, and the other end is hinged to the chassis 2. The hinge axis of the hinged part of the swing arm 13 extends in the left-right direction. The side section of the stabilizer bar 12 is hinged to the corresponding swing arm 13. Hinge seats for the hinged connection of the swing arms 13 are respectively provided on the two longitudinal main beams 21 of the chassis 2. The cooperation of the cross bar and the swing arms 13 plays a role in lateral limitation while allowing the battery box to float up and down. The lateral stability structure is beneficial to maintaining the left-right balance of the overall battery box frame 7 and preventing tilting.

[0033] Through the cooperation of the shock-absorbing airbag 8, shock absorber 9, longitudinal force transmission structure and lateral stability structure, it can be ensured that the battery box is not affected by external harsh working conditions, effectively guaranteeing the service life and structural strength of the battery. The battery pack of the battery box can adopt ordinary batteries in the commercial vehicle industry, reducing the overall vehicle cost.

[0034] In other embodiments, the retaining mechanism can also be a spring shock-absorbing mechanism. The spring shock-absorbing mechanism includes a telescopic rod and a shock-absorbing spring sleeved outside the telescopic rod. The telescopic rod includes a guide rod and a guide cylinder sleeved together. The guide cylinder forms a guide seat. Both ends of the shock-absorbing spring are respectively connected to the battery box and the chassis to improve the shock-absorbing effect through the elastic deformation of the shock-absorbing spring.

[0035] In other embodiments, when the reliable limit can be ensured by using the guide rod and the guide seat, the longitudinal force transmission structure or the lateral stability structure can also be not provided.

[0036] In other embodiments, the longitudinal force transmission link can also be directly hinged to the battery box frame and the longitudinal main beam through a hinge shaft.

[0037] In other embodiments, the shock-absorbing airbag can also be provided as one or two.

[0038] In other embodiments, the electric vehicle can also be a mixer truck. Correspondingly, the battery box is arranged between the cab and the mixing tank.

[0039] In other embodiments, the distance between the shock-absorbing airbags in the left-right direction can also be increased as needed. Supports are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the two longitudinal main beams in the left-right direction, and the shock-absorbing airbags are fixed on the supports.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still make modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments without creative efforts, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, It includes a chassis and a battery box. A shock-absorbing airbag and a holding mechanism are provided between the battery box and the chassis. The upper and lower ends of the shock-absorbing airbag are respectively connected to the battery box and the chassis. The holding mechanism includes a guide seat and a guide rod that is guidingly and movably installed on the guide seat. One of the guide rod and the guide seat is fixed to the chassis, and the other is fixed to the battery box. When the battery box vibrates up and down, the guide rod moves guidingly relative to the guide seat and causes the shock-absorbing airbag to elastically deform.

2. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The holding mechanism is a shock absorber, and the shock absorber buffers the vibration of the battery box when the guide rod moves guidingly relative to the guide seat.

3. The electric vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The holding mechanism is a pneumatic shock absorber. The pneumatic shock absorber includes a cylinder block and a piston rod. The cylinder block constitutes the guide seat, and the piston rod constitutes the guide rod. The piston rod and the cylinder block enclose an air chamber. When the guide rod moves relative to the guide seat, the air pressure in the air chamber changes to buffer the vibration of the battery box.

4. The electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that, A longitudinal force transmission structure is provided between the battery box and the chassis. The longitudinal force transmission structure includes longitudinal force transmission connecting rods that connect the battery box and the chassis, and the longitudinal force transmission connecting rods are used to transmit the acting force of the battery box on the chassis in the front-rear direction.

5. The electric vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The longitudinal force transmission structure includes a first thrust rod arranged longitudinally, and the first thrust rod constitutes a longitudinal force transmission connecting rod.

6. The electric vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The longitudinal force transmission structure includes two second thrust rods arranged at an angle. The two second thrust rods are symmetric left and right and are respectively connected to the chassis and the battery box at the front and rear ends. The second thrust rod constitutes a longitudinal force transmission connecting rod.

7. The electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that, A lateral stability structure is provided between the battery box and the chassis. The lateral stability structure includes a stabilizer bar. The middle of the stabilizer bar is rotatably connected to the battery box, and the rotation axis at this position extends in the left-right direction. Swing rods are respectively hinged at both ends of the stabilizer bar. The two swing rods are arranged at intervals left and right. One end of the swing rod is hinged to the stabilizer bar, and the other end is hinged to the chassis. The hinge axis of the hinged part of the swing rod extends in the left-right direction.

8. The electric vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that, The stabilizer bar is a U-shaped bar, including an intermediate section and two side sections connected to both ends of the intermediate section. The intermediate section extends in the left-right direction and constitutes the middle part of the stabilizer bar, and the side section is hinged to the corresponding swing rod.

9. The electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that, The chassis includes a vehicle frame, and the vehicle frame includes a longitudinal main beam extending front and rear. The holding mechanism is connected to one side of the longitudinal main beam in the left-right direction.

10. The electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that, There are at least two shock-absorbing airbags in the left-right direction of the chassis.

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